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Biocatalytic Synthesis of Natural Green Leaf Volatiles Using the Lipoxygenase Metabolic Pathway. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In higher plants, the lipoxygenase enzymatic pathway combined actions of several enzymes to convert lipid substrates into signaling and defense molecules called phytooxylipins including short chain volatile aldehydes, alcohols, and esters, known as green leaf volatiles (GLVs). GLVs are synthesized from C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids that are oxygenated by lipoxygenase (LOX) to form corresponding hydroperoxides, then the action of hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) produces C6 or C9 aldehydes that can undergo isomerization, dehydrogenation, and esterification. GLVs are commonly used as flavors to confer a fresh green odor of vegetable to perfumes, cosmetics, and food products. Given the increasing demand in these natural flavors, biocatalytic processes using the LOX pathway reactions constitute an interesting application. Vegetable oils, chosen for their lipid profile are converted in natural GLVs with high added value. This review describes the enzymatic reactions of GLVs biosynthesis in the plant, as well as the structural and functional properties of the enzymes involved. The various stages of the biocatalytic production processes are approached from the lipid substrate to the corresponding aldehyde or alcoholic aromas, as well as the biotechnological improvements to enhance the production potential of the enzymatic catalysts.
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Huang LS, Kim MR, Sok DE. Regulation of lipoxygenase activity by polyunsaturated lysophosphatidylcholines or their oxygenation derivatives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:7808-14. [PMID: 18680379 DOI: 10.1021/jf801082x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs) have been known to play a role as lipid mediators in various cellular responses. In this study, we examined whether lysoPC containing linoleoyl, arachidonoyl, or docosahexaenoyl groups or their peroxy derivatives affect lipoxygenase (LOX)-catalyzed oxygenation of native substrates. First, arachidonoyl lysoPC and docosahexaenoyl lysoPC were found to inhibit potato 5-LOX-catalyzed oxygenation of linoleic acid (LA) in a noncompetitive type with Ki values of 0.38 and 1.90 microM, respectively. Likewise, arachidonoyl lysoPC and docosahexaenoyl lysoPC also inhibited 5-LOX activity from rat basophilic leukemia cells-2H3 (RBL-2H3) with IC50 values (50% inhibitory concentration) of 18.5 +/- 3.06 and 30.6 +/- 1.06 microM, respectively. Additionally, arachidonoyl lysoPC and docosahexaenoyl lysoPC also inhibited 15-LOX activity from RBL-2H3 with IC50 values of 16.6 +/- 1.3 and 24.1 +/- 2.4 microM, respectively. In a separate experiment, where lysoPC peroxides were tested for the effect on soybean LOX-1, 15(S)-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoyl lysoPC and 17(S)-hydroperoxy-4,7,10,13,15,19-docosahexaenoyl lysoPC potently inhibited soybean LOX-1 activity with Ki values of 6.8 and of 1.54 microM, respectively. In contrast, 13(S)-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoyl lysoPC was observed to stimulate soybean LOX-1-catalyzed oxygenation of LA markedly with AC50 value (50% activatory concentration) of 1.5 microM. Taken together, it is proposed that lysoPCs containing polyunsaturated acyl groups or their peroxy derivatives may participate in the regulation of LOX activity in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Shuang Huang
- College of , Chungnam National University, Yuseong-ku, Taejon, 305-764, Korea
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Structural Importance of the Acyl Group in Substrate Specificity of Purified Bovine Lysophospholipase D. Lipids 2008; 43:431-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-008-3162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Huang LS, Kang JS, Kim MR, Sok DE. Oxygenation of arachidonoyl lysophospholipids by lipoxygenases from soybean, porcine leukocyte, or rabbit reticulocyte. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:1224-32. [PMID: 18247539 DOI: 10.1021/jf073016i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenation of arachidonoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) or arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid (lysoPA) by lipoxygenase (LOX) was examined. The oxidized products were identified by HPLC/UV spectrophotometry/mass spectrometry analyses. Straight-phase and chiral-phase HPLC analyses indicated that soybean LOX-1 and rabbit reticulocyte LOX oxygenated arachidonoyl lysophospholipids mainly at C-15 with the S form as major enantiomer, whereas porcine leukocyte LOX oxygenated at C-12 with the S form. Next, the sequential exposure of arachidonoyl-lysoPC to soybean LOX-1 and porcine leukocyte LOX afforded two major isomers of dihydroxy derivatives with conjugated triene structure, suggesting that 15(S)-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoyl derivatives were converted to 8,15(S)-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoyl derivatives. Separately, arachidonoyl-lysoPA, but not arachidonoyl-lysoPC, was found to be susceptible to double oxygenation by soybean LOX-1 to generate a dihydroperoxyeicosatetraenoyl derivative. Overall, arachidonoyl lysophospholipids were more efficient than arachidonic acid as LOX substrate. Moreover, the catalytic efficiency of arachidonoyl-lysoPC as substrate of three lipoxygenases was much greater than that of arachidonoyl-lysoPA or arachidonic acid. Taken together, it is proposed that arachidonoyl-lysoPC or arachidonoyl-lysoPA is efficiently oxygenated by plant or animal lipoxygenases, C12- or C15-specific, to generate oxidized products with conjugated diene or triene structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Shuang Huang
- College of Pharmacy and Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Taejon, Korea
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Huang LS, Kim MR, Sok DE. Oxygenation of 1-docosahexaenoyl lysophosphatidylcholine by lipoxygenases; conjugated hydroperoxydiene and dihydroxytriene derivatives. Lipids 2007; 42:981-90. [PMID: 17879105 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-007-3112-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2007] [Accepted: 08/07/2007] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenation of 1-docosahexaenoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (docosahexaenoyl-lysoPC) by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1) or porcine leukocyte LOX was examined. The oxidized products were identified to be hydroperoxydocosahexaenoyl-lysoPC by UV and LC/MS spectrometric analyses. In SP-HPLC and chiral phase-HPLC analyses, the products from the oxygenation of docosahexaenoyl-lysoPC by soybean LOX-1 and porcine leukocyte LOX were found to contain hydroperoxide group mainly at C-17 and C-14, respectively with the S form as a major enantiomer. Next, the sequential exposure of docosahexaenoyl-lysoPC to soybean LOX-1 and porcine leukocyte LOX led to the formation of conjugated triene derivatives possessing a maximal absorption at 271 nm with shoulders at 262 and 281 nm. Based on MS-MS analysis, the conjugated triene derivatives were identified to be 10,17- or 16,17-dihydroxydocosahexaenoyl-lysoPC analogues, suggesting that the diols were produced mainly from hydrolysis of 16,17(S)-epoxide intermediate. In kinetic studies, docosahexaenoyl-lysoPC was more favorable than docosahexaenoic acid as substrate for soybean LOX-1 or leukocyte LOX. Taken together, it is proposed that docosahexaenoyl-lysoPC can be oxygenated as substrates for some lipoxygenases to form conjugated diene and/or triene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Shuang Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-ku, Taejon, 305-764, Korea
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Huang LS, Kim MR, Jeong TS, Sok DE. Linoleoyl lysophosphatidic acid and linoleoyl lysophosphatidylcholine are efficient substrates for mammalian lipoxygenases. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2007; 1770:1062-70. [PMID: 17442494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2007.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2006] [Revised: 03/03/2007] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxygenation of two lysophospholipids, 1-linoleoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (linoleoyl-lysoPC) and 1-linoleoyl lysophosphatidic acid (linoleoyl-lysoPA), by reticulocyte lipoxygenase (LOX) or porcine leukocyte LOX was measured by monitoring the formation of conjugated dienes. Consistent with the above, the formation of linoleoyl-lysophospholipid hydroperoxide as oxygenation product was confirmed by LC/MS analyses. In further study, the oxygenation products of linoleoyl-lysoPC or linoleoyl-lysoPA were found to contain hydroperoxide group predominantly at C-13 with the S enantiomer as a major one, in a good agreement with the positional-specificity and stereo-selectivity of reticulocyte LOX or leukocyte LOX in oxygenation of linoleic acid. The kinetic study indicates that linoleoyl-lysoPA and linoleoyl-lysoPC are no less efficient than linoleic acid as substrates of reticulocyte LOX as well as leukocyte LOX. In contrast, these lysophospholipids were not oxygenated efficiently by potato LOX. Thus, linoleoyl-lysophospholipids such as linoleoyl-lysoPA or linoleoyl-lysoPC could be utilized as efficient substrates for some mammalian lipoxygenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Shuang Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-ku, Taejon, Korea
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Fukushige H, Wang C, Simpson TD, Gardner HW, Hildebrand DF. Purification and identification of linoleic acid hydroperoxides generated by soybean seed lipoxygenases 2 and 3. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2005; 53:5691-4. [PMID: 15998134 DOI: 10.1021/jf047958o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
It has been known that lipoxygenase (LOX) isozymes exhibit differences in product formation, but most product information to date is for LOX 1 among soybean (Glycine max) LOX isozymes. In this study, LOXs 2 and 3 were purified and used to generate hydroperoxide (HPOD) products in an in vitro system using linoleic acid as a substrate in the presence of either air or O2. The products were analyzed to determine their stereoisomeric characteristics. The control (no enzyme) showed only low levels of hydroperoxide production and no stereoisomeric specificity. LOX 2 shows high specificity in product formation, producing roughly 4 times more 13-HPOD than 9-HPOD, nearly all of which was 13-S(Z,E)-HPOD. LOX 3 produced more 9-HPOD than 13-HPOD at approximately a 2:1 ratio. No single stereoisomer was predominant among LOX 3 products. These results demonstrate that different isozymes of LOX have characteristic product profiles in in vitro reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotada Fukushige
- Department of Agronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
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The Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Embryo Storage Proteins. ADVANCES IN CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8909-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Van Ruth SM, Roozen JP, Cozijnsen JL. Volatile compounds of rehydrated French beans, bell peppers and leeks. Part 1. Flavour release in the mouth and in three mouth model systems. Food Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0308-8146(95)95780-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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A new possibility for the direct use of soybean lipoxygenase on concentrated triglycerides. Enzyme Microb Technol 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(93)90095-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Iny D, Pinsky A, Cojocoru M, Grossman S. Lipoxygenase of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, purification and characterization of reaction products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(93)90084-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yenofsky RL, Fine M, Liu C. Isolation and characterization of a soybean (Glycine max) lipoxygenase-3 gene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00330597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dye sensitised photo-oxidation of the methyl and phenyl esters of oleic and linoleic acids. Chem Phys Lipids 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(87)90028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mtebe K, Gordon MH. Volatiles derived from lipoxygenase-catalysed reactions in winged beans (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus). Food Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0308-8146(87)90137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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HASLBECK FRANZ, GROSCH WERNER. HPLC ANALYSIS OF ALL POSITIONAL ISOMERS OF THE MONOHYDROPEROXIDES FORMED BY SOYBEAN LIPOXYGENASES DURING OXIDATION OF LINOLEIC ACID. J Food Biochem 1985. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.1985.tb00334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Haslbeck F, Grosch W, Firl J. Formation of hydroperoxides with unconjugated diene systems during autoxidation and enzymic oxygenation of linoleic acid. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1983; 750:185-93. [PMID: 6402025 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(83)90219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Abstract
The storage lipids of legume seeds are a major source of dietary fat. As a result of their importance in the food industry, much is known about lipid composition, chemistry, flavor, off-flavor development, and their technological implications in foods of dry, oil-rich seeds such as soybeans and peanuts. Lipids from green pea have also been investigated to some extent. Other food legume lipids have not been studied in any great detail because of their low lipid content and limited or negligible use for oil purposes. Literature on the biochemical, nutritional, and toxicological aspects of lipids from these other legumes is scanty, compared to published reports of seed lipids from soybean and peanuts. Lipids of soybean, peanut, and green pea are reported in this article. Their chemistry, interactions with other constituents, role in flavor development, as well as alterations due to processing and removal of off-flavors are reviewed. The nutritional and toxicological implications of legume lipids from soybean, peanuts, and other food legumes are also discussed.
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Abstract
Incubation of linoleic acid with partially purified lipoxygenase from rice germ yielded a ratio of 9- to 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic acid of 97:3 as measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Under similar conditions, hematin gave the 9- to 13-hydroperoxides at a ratio of 51:49, and soybean lipoxygenase-a at 9:91. Infrared spectral analysis revealed cis-trans configuration to predominate in the reaction products with the rice germ enzyme as was with the soybean enzyme.
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Grossman S, Shahin I, Sredni B. Rat testis lipoxygenase-like enzyme. Characterization of products from linoleic acid. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979; 572:293-7. [PMID: 106892 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(79)90044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The linoleate oxidation products of the affinity chromatography-purified lipoxygenase-like enzyme isolated from rat testes microsomes were characterized. Three types of reaction products separated by thin-layer chromatography were generally present: polar byproducts (A and B) and hydroperoxides. The methyl hydroxystearates obtained from the enzymically produced hydroperoxides were analysed by gas-liquid chromatography and showed a ratio of 67% 13-hydroxy isomer to 33% 9-hydroxy isomer. The major polar byproduct was analysed by infrared spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry (of the toluene-p-sulphonyl derivative) and its structure was established as 13-hydroxy-12-oxo-octadec-cis-9-enoic acid. The possibility of the existence of a linoleate hydroperoxide isomerase in the affinity-purified preparation is discussed.
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Cornwell DG, Huttner JJ, Milo GE, Panganamala RV, Sharma HM, Geer JC. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E, and the proliferation of aortic smooth muscle cells. Lipids 1979; 14:194-207. [PMID: 423721 DOI: 10.1007/bf02533871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ramadoss CS, Pistorius EK, Axelrod B. Coupled oxidation of carotene by lipoxygenase requires two isoenzymes. Arch Biochem Biophys 1978; 190:549-52. [PMID: 102253 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(78)90309-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yuzuru M, Teruhiko B, Kei A. Crystallization and positional specificity of hydroperoxidation of fusarium lipoxygenase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(78)90164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Singleton JA, Pattee HE, Melson MS. Factors affecting product specificity of peanut lipoxygenase. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1978; 55:387-90. [PMID: 96162 DOI: 10.1007/bf02911897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Grosch W, Laskaway G, Kaiser KP. [Co-oxidation of beta-carotene and canthaxanthine by purified lipoxygenases from soya beans (author's transl)]. Eur Food Res Technol 1977; 165:77-81. [PMID: 413276 DOI: 10.1007/bf02427785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Isolation and purification of soya bean lipoxygenase (linoleate: O2 oxidoreductase, EC, 1.13.11.12) on Sephadex G-200, DEAE-cellulose and by isolectric focusing yields two isoenzymes of the L- 2 type (optimum pH 6.5) and two of the L-1 type (optimum pH9.0). Different crude extracts from soya beans as well as the purified L-2 isoenzymes exhibit the same capacity for co-oxidation of beta-carotene and canthaxanthine, when the comparison is based upon equal lipoxygenase activities. In contrast to L-2 the alkaline lipoxygenase L-1 is a poor "carotene oxidase".
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Bild GS, Ramadoss CS, Axelrod B. Multiple dioxygenation by lipoxygenase of lipids containing all-cis-1, 4, 7-octatriene moieties. Arch Biochem Biophys 1977; 184:36-41. [PMID: 21632 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(77)90323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Unusual Fatty Acids in Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-612408-8.50015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Roza M, Francke A. Product specificity of soyabean lipoxygenases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 316:76-82. [PMID: 4737328 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(73)90168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Gardner HW, Christianson DD, Kleiman R. Dimorphotheca sinuata lipoxygenase: formation of 13-L-hydroperoxy-cis-9,trans- 11-octadecadienoic acid from linoleic acid. Lipids 1973; 8:271-6. [PMID: 4736566 DOI: 10.1007/bf02531904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AbstractLipoxygenase (EC 1.13.1.13) from the seed ofDimorphotheca sinuata oxidized linoleic acid to predominantly 13‐L‐hydroperoxy‐cis‐9,trans‐11‐octadecadienoic acid. When the reaction proceeded at pH 6.9, the 13‐hydroperoxide was the only isomer detected; but at pH 5.1, the 13‐isomer was 92% of the total, the remaining 8% being the 9‐hydroperoxide. At both pH's small amounts of hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid accumulated during the reaction. This acid from the pH 6.9 reaction was analyzed as 13‐hydroxy‐cis,trans‐octadecadienoic. The postulate advanced by many workers that dimorphecolic acid, 9‐D‐hydroxy‐trans‐10,trans‐12‐octadecadienoic acid, is biosynthesized via a lipoxygenase product was not proved. Although the product specificity ofD. sinuata lipoxygenase is like that of lipoxygenase type 1 from soybeans, its inactivity at pH 9 demonstrated that it is a novel enzyme.
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St Angelo AJ, Dupuy HP, Ory RL. A simplified gas chromatographic procedure for analysis of lipoxygenase reaction products. Lipids 1972; 7:793-5. [PMID: 4649512 DOI: 10.1007/bf02533248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Christopher JP, Pistorius EK, Regnier FE, Axelrod B. Factors influencing the positional specificity of soybean lipoxygenase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 289:82-7. [PMID: 4673669 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(72)90110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Verhue WM, Francke A. The heterogeneity of soyabean lipoxygenase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 284:43-53. [PMID: 4672510 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(72)90044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Veldink GA, Garssen GJ, Vliegenthart JF, Boldingh J. Positional specificity of corn germ lipoxygenase as a function of pH. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1972; 47:22-6. [PMID: 5027132 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(72)80004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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