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Rodrigues ACBDC, Silva SLR, Dias IRSB, Costa RGA, Oliveira MDS, Soares MBP, Dias RB, Valverde LF, Rocha CAG, Johnson EM, Pina C, Bezerra DP. Piplartine eliminates CD34 + AML stem/progenitor cells by inducing oxidative stress and suppressing NF-κB signalling. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:147. [PMID: 38503729 PMCID: PMC10951277 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01909-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a haematological malignancy characterised by the accumulation of transformed myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow. Piplartine (PL), also known as piperlongumine, is a pro-oxidant small molecule extracted from peppers that has demonstrated antineoplastic potential in solid tumours and other haematological malignancies. In this work, we explored the potential of PL to treat AML through the use of a combination of cellular and molecular analyses of primary and cultured leukaemia cells in vitro and in vivo. We showed that PL exhibits in vitro cytotoxicity against AML cells, including CD34+ leukaemia-propagating cells, but not healthy haematopoietic progenitors, suggesting anti-leukaemia selectivity. Mechanistically, PL treatment increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and induced ROS-mediated apoptosis in AML cells, which could be prevented by treatment with the antioxidant scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine and the pancaspase inhibitor Z-VAD(OMe)-FMK. PL treatment reduced NFKB1 gene transcription and the level of NF-κB p65 (pS536), which was depleted from the nucleus of AML cells, indicating suppression of NF-κB p65 signalling. Significantly, PL suppressed AML development in a mouse xenograft model, and its combination with current AML treatments (cytarabine, daunorubicin and azacytidine) had synergistic effects, indicating translational therapeutic potential. Taken together, these data position PL as a novel anti-AML candidate drug that can target leukaemia stem/progenitors and is amenable to combinatorial therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina B da C Rodrigues
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Suellen L R Silva
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Ingrid R S B Dias
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Rafaela G A Costa
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Maiara de S Oliveira
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Milena B P Soares
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
- SENAI Institute for Innovation in Advanced Health Systems, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Bahia, 41650-010, Brazil
| | - Rosane B Dias
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
- Department of Propaedeutics and Integrated Clinical, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, 40301-155, Brazil
| | - Ludmila F Valverde
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Clarissa A G Rocha
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
- Department of Propaedeutics and Integrated Clinical, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, 40301-155, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Salvador, Bahia, 41253-190, Brazil
| | - Emily M Johnson
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Cristina Pina
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK.
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
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2
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Castelli G, Logozzi M, Mizzoni D, Di Raimo R, Cerio A, Dolo V, Pasquini L, Screnci M, Ottone T, Testa U, Fais S, Pelosi E. Ex Vivo Anti-Leukemic Effect of Exosome-like Grapefruit-Derived Nanovesicles from Organic Farming-The Potential Role of Ascorbic Acid. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15663. [PMID: 37958646 PMCID: PMC10648274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits are a natural source of ascorbic acid, and exosome-like nanovesicles obtained from these fruits contain measurable levels of ascorbic acid. We tested the ability of grapefruit-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to inhibit the growth of human leukemic cells and leukemic patient-derived bone marrow blasts. Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) showed that the obtained EVs were homogeneous exosomes, defined as exosome-like plant-derived nanovesicles (ELPDNVs). The analysis of their content has shown measurable amounts of several molecules with potent antioxidant activity. ELPDNVs showed a time-dependent antiproliferative effect in both U937 and K562 leukemic cell lines, comparable with the effect of high-dosage ascorbic acid (2 mM). This result was confirmed by a clear decrease in the number of AML blasts induced by ELPDNVs, which did not affect the number of normal cells. ELPDNVs increased the ROS levels in both AML blast cells and U937 without affecting ROS storage in normal cells, and this effect was comparable to ascorbic acid (2 mM). With our study, we propose ELPDNVs from grapefruits as a combination/supporting therapy for human leukemias with the aim to improve the effectiveness of the current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germana Castelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.L.); (D.M.); (R.D.R.); (A.C.); (U.T.)
| | - Mariantonia Logozzi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.L.); (D.M.); (R.D.R.); (A.C.); (U.T.)
- ExoLab Italia, Tecnopolo d’Abruzzo, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Mizzoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.L.); (D.M.); (R.D.R.); (A.C.); (U.T.)
- ExoLab Italia, Tecnopolo d’Abruzzo, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Rossella Di Raimo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.L.); (D.M.); (R.D.R.); (A.C.); (U.T.)
- ExoLab Italia, Tecnopolo d’Abruzzo, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cerio
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.L.); (D.M.); (R.D.R.); (A.C.); (U.T.)
| | - Vincenza Dolo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Luca Pasquini
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Screnci
- Banca Regionale Sangue Cordone Ombelicale, UOC Immunoematologia e Medicina Trasfusionale, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Neuro-Oncohematology, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Ugo Testa
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.L.); (D.M.); (R.D.R.); (A.C.); (U.T.)
| | - Stefano Fais
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.L.); (D.M.); (R.D.R.); (A.C.); (U.T.)
| | - Elvira Pelosi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.L.); (D.M.); (R.D.R.); (A.C.); (U.T.)
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3
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Toki E, Goto S, Setoguchi S, Terada K, Watase D, Yamakawa H, Yamada A, Koga M, Kubota K, Iwasaki K, Karube Y, Matsunaga K, Takata J. Delivery of the reduced form of vitamin K 2(20) to NIH/3T3 cells partially protects against rotenone induced cell death. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19878. [PMID: 36400879 PMCID: PMC9674836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria generate energy through the action of the electron transport chain (ETC) and ATP synthase. Mitochondrial malfunction can lead to various disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Several reports have shown that menaquinone-4 (MK-4, vitamin K2(20)), a safe drug for osteoporosis, may improve mitochondrial function. Here, we hypothesized that the efficient delivery of menahydroquinone-4 (MKH), an active form of MK-4, could exert a supporting effect. We verified the effects of MKH delivery on mitochondrial dysfunction by using MK-4 and MKH ester derivatives in NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblast cells treated with mitochondrial inhibitors. MK-4 and MKH derivatives suppressed cell death, the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and a decrease in intrinsic coenzyme Q9 (CoQ9) induced by rotenone (ROT, complex I inhibitor). MK-4 and MKH derivatives delivered MKH to NIH/3T3 cells, acting as an effective MKH prodrug, proving that the delivered MKH may reflect the mitigation effects on ROT-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. MKH prodrugs are also effective against 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP, complex II inhibitor) and carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP, uncoupler)-induced cell death. In conclusion, MKH delivery may mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction by maintaining MMP, ROS, and CoQ9, indicating that MKH prodrugs may be good candidates for treating mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erina Toki
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Shotaro Goto
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Shuichi Setoguchi
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Kazuki Terada
- grid.412142.00000 0000 8894 6108Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji, 670-8524 Japan
| | - Daisuke Watase
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamakawa
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Radioisotope Center, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Ayano Yamada
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Koga
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Kaori Kubota
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Katsunori Iwasaki
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Karube
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Matsunaga
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Jiro Takata
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
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4
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Targeting Redox Regulation as a Therapeutic Opportunity against Acute Leukemia: Pro-Oxidant Strategy or Antioxidant Approach? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091696. [PMID: 36139768 PMCID: PMC9495346 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox adaptation is essential for human health, as the physiological quantities of non-radical reactive oxygen species operate as the main second messengers to regulate normal redox reactions by controlling several sensors. An abnormal increase reactive oxygen species, called oxidative stress, induces biological injury. For this reason, variations in oxidative stress continue to receive consideration as a possible approach to treat leukemic diseases. However, the intricacy of redox reactions and their effects might be a relevant obstacle; consequently, and alongside approaches aimed at increasing oxidative stress in neoplastic cells, antioxidant strategies have also been suggested for the same purpose. The present review focuses on the molecular processes of anomalous oxidative stress in acute myeloid and acute lymphoblastic leukemias as well as on the oxidative stress-determined pathways implicated in leukemogenic development. Furthermore, we review the effect of chemotherapies on oxidative stress and the possibility that their pharmacological effects might be increased by modifying the intracellular redox equilibrium through a pro-oxidant approach or an antioxidant strategy. Finally, we evaluated the prospect of varying oxidative stress as an efficacious modality to destroy chemoresistant cells using new methodologies. Altering redox conditions may be advantageous for inhibiting genomic variability and the eradication of leukemic clones will promote the treatment of leukemic disease.
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5
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Romo-González M, Ijurko C, Hernández-Hernández Á. Reactive Oxygen Species and Metabolism in Leukemia: A Dangerous Liaison. Front Immunol 2022; 13:889875. [PMID: 35757686 PMCID: PMC9218220 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.889875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), previously considered toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism, are increasingly recognized as regulators of cellular signaling. Keeping ROS levels low is essential to safeguard the self-renewal capacity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). HSC reside in a hypoxic environment and have been shown to be highly dependent on the glycolytic pathway to meet their energy requirements. However, when the differentiation machinery is activated, there is an essential enhancement of ROS together with a metabolic shift toward oxidative metabolism. Initiating and sustaining leukemia depend on the activity of leukemic stem cells (LSC). LSC also show low ROS levels, but unlike HSC, LSC rely on oxygen to meet their metabolic energetic requirements through mitochondrial respiration. In contrast, leukemic blasts show high ROS levels and great metabolic plasticity, both of which seem to sustain their invasiveness. Oxidative stress and metabolism rewiring are recognized as hallmarks of cancer that are intimately intermingled. Here we present a detailed overview of these two features, sustained at different levels, that support a two-way relationship in leukemia. Modifying ROS levels and targeting metabolism are interesting therapeutic approaches. Therefore, we provide the most recent evidence on the modulation of oxidative stress and metabolism as a suitable anti-leukemic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Romo-González
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carla Ijurko
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ángel Hernández-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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6
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Extracellular Vesicles and Cancer Therapy: Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061194. [PMID: 35740091 PMCID: PMC9228181 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a significant role in cancer development and cancer therapy, and is a major contributor to normal tissue injury. The unique characteristics of extracellular vesicles (EVs) have made them potentially useful as a diagnostic tool in that their molecular content indicates their cell of origin and their lipid membrane protects the content from enzymatic degradation. In addition to their possible use as a diagnostic tool, their role in how normal and diseased cells communicate is of high research interest. The most exciting area is the association of EVs, oxidative stress, and pathogenesis of numerous diseases. However, the relationship between oxidative stress and oxidative modifications of EVs is still unclear, which limits full understanding of the clinical potential of EVs. Here, we discuss how EVs, oxidative stress, and cancer therapy relate to one another; how oxidative stress can contribute to the generation of EVs; and how EVs’ contents reveal the presence of oxidative stress. We also point out the potential promise and limitations of using oxidatively modified EVs as biomarkers of cancer and tissue injury with a focus on pediatric oncology patients.
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7
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Raimondi V, Ciotti G, Gottardi M, Ciccarese F. 2-Hydroxyglutarate in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Journey from Pathogenesis to Therapies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061359. [PMID: 35740380 PMCID: PMC9220225 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) plays a key role in differentiation blockade and metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. Approximatively 20–30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases carry mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes, leading to a reduction in the Krebs cycle intermediate α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to 2-HG. Relapse and chemoresistance of AML blasts following initial good response to standard therapy account for the very poor outcome of this pathology, which represents a great challenge for hematologists. The decrease of 2-HG levels through pharmacological inhibition of mutated IDH enzymes induces the differentiation of AML blasts and sensitizes leukemic cells to several anticancer drugs. In this review, we provide an overview of the main genetic mutations in AML, with a focus on IDH mutants and the role of 2-HG in AML pathogenesis. Moreover, we discuss the impact of high levels of 2-HG on the response of AML cells to antileukemic therapies and recent evidence for highly efficient combinations of mutant IDH inhibitors with other drugs for the management of relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Raimondi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giulia Ciotti
- Onco Hematology, Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 31033 Castelfranco Veneto, Italy; (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Michele Gottardi
- Onco Hematology, Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 31033 Castelfranco Veneto, Italy; (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Francesco Ciccarese
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy;
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Brandsma AM, Bertrums EJM, van Roosmalen MJ, Hofman DA, Oka R, Verheul M, Manders F, Ubels J, Belderbos ME, van Boxtel R. Mutation signatures of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia and normal blood progenitors associated with differential patient outcomes. Blood Cancer Discov 2021; 2:484-499. [PMID: 34642666 PMCID: PMC7611805 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-21-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of pediatric AML cases harbors more somatic mutations in their genomes compared to normal blood progenitors. This subset displays expression profiles that resemble more committed progenitors and associates with better patient survival. Acquisition of oncogenic mutations with age is believed to be rate limiting for carcinogenesis. However, the incidence of leukemia in children is higher than in young adults. Here we compare somatic mutations across pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML) patient-matched leukemic blasts and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), as well as HSPCs from age-matched healthy donors. HSPCs in the leukemic bone marrow have limited genetic relatedness and share few somatic mutations with the cell of origin of the malignant blasts, suggesting polyclonal hematopoiesis in patients with pAML. Compared with normal HSPCs, a subset of pAML cases harbored more somatic mutations and a distinct composition of mutational process signatures. We hypothesize that these cases might have arisen from a more committed progenitor. This subset had better outcomes than pAML cases with mutation burden comparable with age-matched healthy HSPCs. Our study provides insights into the etiology and patient stratification of pAML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianne M Brandsma
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eline J M Bertrums
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus J van Roosmalen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Damon A Hofman
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rurika Oka
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Verheul
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Freek Manders
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joske Ubels
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam E Belderbos
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben van Boxtel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
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9
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Kaweme NM, Zhou S, Changwe GJ, Zhou F. The significant role of redox system in myeloid leukemia: from pathogenesis to therapeutic applications. Biomark Res 2020; 8:63. [PMID: 33292641 PMCID: PMC7661181 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-020-00242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of a defective antioxidant system can induce cellular damage and disrupt normal physiological functions. Several studies have revealed the unfavorable role of ROS in promoting the growth, proliferation, migration, and survival of leukemia cells. In this review study, we summarize the mechanisms of ROS production and its role in leukemogenesis, counteractive effects of antioxidants, and implicate the current ROS-dependent anticancer therapies in acute myeloid leukemia. BODY: The dysregulation of the redox system is known to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of leukemia. Leukemia cells generate high levels of ROS, which further increases the levels through extra pathways, including mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic mutation, leukemic oncogene activation, increased nicotinamide adenine phosphate hydrogen (NADPH), and cytochrome P450 activities. Aforementioned pathways once activated have shown to promote genomic instability, induce drug resistance to leukemia medical therapy, disease relapse and reduce survival period. The current standard of treatment with chemotherapy employs the pro-oxidant approach to induce apoptosis and promote tumor regression. However, this approach retains several deleterious effects on the subject resulting in degradation of the quality of life. Nevertheless, the addition of an antioxidant as an adjuvant drug to chemotherapy alleviates treatment-related toxicity, increases chemotherapeutic efficacy, and improves survival rates of a patient. CONCLUSION Acute myeloid leukemia remains a daunting challenge to clinicians. The desire to achieve the maximum benefit of chemotherapy but also improve patient outcomes is investigated. ROS generated through several pathways promotes leukemogenesis, drug resistance, and disease relapse. Chemotherapy, the mainstay of treatment, further upregulates ROS levels. Therefore, the addition of an antioxidant to leukemia medical therapy alleviates toxicity and improves patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Mupeta Kaweme
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu road, 430071, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Shu Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu road, 430071, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Geoffrey Joseph Changwe
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu road, 430071, Wuhan, P.R. China.
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10
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Mun YC, Ahn JY, Yoo ES, Lee KE, Nam EM, Huh J, Woo HA, Rhee SG, Seong CM. Peroxiredoxin 3 Has Important Roles on Arsenic Trioxide Induced Apoptosis in Human Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line via Hyperoxidation of Mitochondrial Specific Reactive Oxygen Species. Mol Cells 2020; 43:813-820. [PMID: 32975211 PMCID: PMC7528683 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2020.2234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NB4 cell, the human acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line, was treated with various concentrations of arsenic trioxide (ATO) to induce apoptosis, measured by staining with 7-amino-actinomycin D (7-AAD) by flow cytometry. 2', 7'-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein-diacetate (DCF-DA) and MitoSOXTM Red mitochondrial superoxide indicator were used to detect intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). The steady-state level of SO2 (Cysteine sulfinic acid, Cys-SO2H) form for peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) was measured by a western blot. To evaluate the effect of sulfiredoxin 1 depletion, NB4 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA and analyzed for their influence on ROS, redox enzymes, and apoptosis. The mitochondrial ROS of NB4 cells significantly increased after ATO treatment. NB4 cell apoptosis after ATO treatment increased in a time-dependent manner. Increased SO2 form and dimeric PRX3 were observed as a hyperoxidation reaction in NB4 cells post-ATO treatment, in concordance with mitochondrial ROS accumulation. Sulfiredoxin 1 expression is downregulated by small interfering RNA transfection, which potentiated mitochondrial ROS generation and cell growth arrest in ATO-treated NB4 cells. Our results indicate that ATO-induced ROS generation in APL cell mitochondria is attributable to PRX3 hyperoxidation as well as dimerized PRX3 accumulation, subsequently triggering apoptosis. The downregulation of sulfiredoxin 1 could amplify apoptosis in ATO-treated APL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeung-Chul Mun
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Jee Young Ahn
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Kyoung Eun Lee
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Nam
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Jungwon Huh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Woo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Sue Goo Rhee
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Chu Myong Seong
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
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11
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LKB1/AMPK Pathway and Drug Response in Cancer: A Therapeutic Perspective. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8730816. [PMID: 31781355 PMCID: PMC6874879 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8730816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Inactivating mutations of the tumor suppressor gene Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1) are frequently detected in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and cervical carcinoma. Moreover, LKB1 expression is epigenetically regulated in several tumor types. LKB1 has an established function in the control of cell metabolism and oxidative stress. Clinical and preclinical studies support a role of LKB1 as a central modifier of cellular response to different stress-inducing drugs, suggesting LKB1 pathway as a highly promising therapeutic target. Loss of LKB1-AMPK signaling confers sensitivity to energy depletion and to redox homeostasis impairment and has been associated with an improved outcome in advanced NSCLC patients treated with chemotherapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the interplay between LKB1 and its downstream targets in cancer and focus on potential therapeutic strategies whose outcome could depend from LKB1.
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12
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Bermejo A, Collado A, Barrachina I, Marqués P, El Aouad N, Franck X, Garibotto F, Dacquet C, Caignard DH, Suvire FD, Enriz RD, Piqueras L, Figadère B, Sanz MJ, Cabedo N, Cortes D. Polycerasoidol, a Natural Prenylated Benzopyran with a Dual PPARα/PPARγ Agonist Activity and Anti-inflammatory Effect. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1802-1812. [PMID: 31268307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α/γ (PPARα/γ) agonists regulate both lipid and glucose homeostasis under different metabolic conditions and can exert anti-inflammatory activity. We investigated the potential dual PPARα/γ agonism of prenylated benzopyrans polycerasoidol (1) and polycerasoidin (2) and their derivatives for novel drug development. Nine semisynthetic derivatives were prepared from the natural polycerasoidol (1) and polycerasoidin (2), which were evaluated for PPARα, -γ, -δ and retinoid X receptor-α activity in transactivation assays. Polycerasoidol (1) exhibited potent dual PPARα/γ agonism and low cytotoxicity. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that a free phenol group at C-6 and a carboxylic acid at C-9' were key features for dual PPARα/γ agonism activity. Molecular modeling indicated the relevance of these groups for optimal ligand binding to the PPARα and PPARγ domains. In addition, polycerasoidol (1) exhibited a potent anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting mononuclear leukocyte adhesion to the dysfunctional endothelium in a concentration-dependent manner via RXRα/PPARγ interactions. Therefore, polycerasoidol (1) can be considered a hit-to-lead molecule for the further development of novel dual PPARα/γ agonists capable of preventing cardiovascular events associated with metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Bermejo
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Center of Citriculture and Vegetal Production , IVIA , Moncada, 46100 Valencia , Spain
| | - Aida Collado
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
| | - Isabel Barrachina
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
| | - Patrice Marqués
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA , University Clinic Hospital of Valencia , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | | | - Xavier Franck
- UMR CNRS 6014/FR 3038, COBRA, Université de Rouen , Mont-Saint-Aignan 76821 , France
| | - Francisco Garibotto
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET , Chacabuco 915 , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Catherine Dacquet
- Départament des Sciences Expérimentales , Institut de Recherches Servier , Suresnes 92150 , France
| | - Daniel H Caignard
- Départament des Sciences Expérimentales , Institut de Recherches Servier , Suresnes 92150 , France
| | - Fernando D Suvire
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET , Chacabuco 915 , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET , Chacabuco 915 , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Laura Piqueras
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA , University Clinic Hospital of Valencia , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | - Bruno Figadère
- UMR CNRS 8076, LERMIT , Université Paris-Sud, UFR de Pharmacie , Châtenay-Malabry 92290 , France
| | - María-Jesús Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA , University Clinic Hospital of Valencia , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | - Nuria Cabedo
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA , University Clinic Hospital of Valencia , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | - Diego Cortes
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
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13
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Vettorazzi M, Vila L, Lima S, Acosta L, Yépes F, Palma A, Cobo J, Tengler J, Malik I, Alvarez S, Marqués P, Cabedo N, Sanz MJ, Jampilek J, Spiegel S, Enriz RD. Synthesis and biological evaluation of sphingosine kinase 2 inhibitors with anti-inflammatory activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800298. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Vettorazzi
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL); San Luis Argentina
| | - Laura Vila
- Department of Pharmacology; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA University Clinic Hospital of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - Santiago Lima
- Department of Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Richmond Virginia
| | - Lina Acosta
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Escuela de Química; Universidad Industrial de Santander; Bucaramanga Colombia
| | - Felipe Yépes
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Escuela de Química; Universidad Industrial de Santander; Bucaramanga Colombia
| | - Alirio Palma
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Escuela de Química; Universidad Industrial de Santander; Bucaramanga Colombia
| | - Justo Cobo
- Inorganic and Organic Department; University of Jaén; Jaén Spain
| | - Jan Tengler
- Medis International a.s.; Bolatice Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Malik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Comenius University; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Sergio Alvarez
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL); San Luis Argentina
| | - Patrice Marqués
- Department of Pharmacology; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA University Clinic Hospital of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - Nuria Cabedo
- Department of Pharmacology; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA University Clinic Hospital of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - María J. Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA University Clinic Hospital of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Comenius University; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Richmond Virginia
| | - Ricardo D. Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL); San Luis Argentina
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14
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Takam Kamga P, Dal Collo G, Midolo M, Adamo A, Delfino P, Mercuri A, Cesaro S, Mimiola E, Bonifacio M, Andreini A, Chilosi M, Krampera M. Inhibition of Notch Signaling Enhances Chemosensitivity in B-cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cancer Res 2018; 79:639-649. [PMID: 30563887 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Notch3 and Notch4 support survival of primary B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) cells, suggesting a role for Notch signaling in drug response. Here we used in vitro, in silico, and in vivo mouse xenograft model-based approaches to define the role of the Notch pathway in B-ALL chemosensitivity. We observed significant Notch receptor and ligand expression in B-ALL primary cells and cell lines. Primary leukemia cells from high-risk patients overexpressed Notch3, Notch4, and Jagged2 while displaying a reduction in expression levels of Notch1-4 following chemotherapy. We then analyzed in vitro cell survival of B-ALL cells treated with conventional chemotherapeutic agents alone or in combination with Notch signaling inhibitors. Gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSI) and anti-Notch4 were all capable of potentiating drug-induced cell death in B-ALL cells by upregulating intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species, which in turn modulated mTOR, NF-κB, and ERK expression. In NOG-mouse-based xenograft models of B-ALL, co-administration of the Notch inhibitor GSI-XII with the chemotherapeutic agent Ara-C lowered bone marrow leukemic burden compared with DMSO or Ara-C alone, thus prolonging mouse survival. Overall, our results support the potential effectiveness of Notch inhibitors in patients with B-ALL.Significance: Inhibition of Notch signaling enhances the chemosensitivity of B-ALL cells, suggesting Notch inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy to improve the outcome of patients with B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Takam Kamga
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,EA4340-BCOH: Biomarker in Cancerology and Onco-Hematology, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - Giada Dal Collo
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Martina Midolo
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Annalisa Adamo
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angela Mercuri
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Cesaro
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elda Mimiola
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonifacio
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angelo Andreini
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Chilosi
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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15
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Prieto-Bermejo R, Romo-González M, Pérez-Fernández A, Ijurko C, Hernández-Hernández Á. Reactive oxygen species in haematopoiesis: leukaemic cells take a walk on the wild side. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:125. [PMID: 29940987 PMCID: PMC6019308 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0797-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is related to ageing and degenerative diseases, including cancer. However, a moderate amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is required for the regulation of cellular signalling and gene expression. A low level of ROS is important for maintaining quiescence and the differentiation potential of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), whereas the level of ROS increases during haematopoietic differentiation; thus, suggesting the importance of redox signalling in haematopoiesis. Here, we will analyse the importance of ROS for haematopoiesis and include evidence showing that cells from leukaemia patients live under oxidative stress. The potential sources of ROS will be described. Finally, the level of oxidative stress in leukaemic cells can also be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. In this regard, the reliance of front-line anti-leukaemia chemotherapeutics on increased levels of ROS for their mechanism of action, as well as the active search for novel compounds that modulate the redox state of leukaemic cells, will be analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Prieto-Bermejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Romo-González
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carla Ijurko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ángel Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain. .,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.
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16
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Párraga J, Andujar SA, Rojas S, Gutierrez LJ, El Aouad N, Sanz MJ, Enriz RD, Cabedo N, Cortes D. Dopaminergic isoquinolines with hexahydrocyclopenta[ij]-isoquinolines as D2-like selective ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:27-42. [PMID: 27343851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine receptors (DR) ligands are potential drug candidates for treating neurological disorders including schizophrenia or Parkinson's disease. Three series of isoquinolines: (E)-1-styryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (series 1), 7-phenyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydrocyclopenta[ij]-IQs (HCPIQs) (series 2) and (E)-1-(prop-1-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinolines (series 3), were prepared to determine their affinity for both D1 and D2-like DR. The effect of different substituents on the nitrogen atom (methyl or allyl), the dioxygenated function (methoxyl or catechol), the substituent at the β-position of the THIQ skeleton, and the presence or absence of the cyclopentane motif, were studied. We observed that the most active compounds in the three series (2c, 2e, 3a, 3c, 3e, 5c and 5e) possessed a high affinity for D2-like DR and these remarkable features: a catechol group in the IQ-ring and the N-substitution (methyl or allyl). The series showed the following trend to D2-RD affinity: HCPIQs > 1-styryl > 1-propenyl. Therefore, the substituent at the β-position of the THIQ and the cyclopentane ring also modulated this affinity. Among these dopaminergic isoquinolines, HCPIQs stood out for unexpected selectivity to D2-DR since the Ki D1/D2 ratio reached values of 2465, 1010 and 382 for compounds 3a, 3c and 3e, respectively. None of the most active THIQs in D2 DR displayed relevant cytotoxicity in human neutrophils and HUVEC. Finally, and in agreement with the experimental data, molecular modeling studies on DRs of the most characteristic ligands of the three series revealed stronger molecular interactions with D2 DR than with D1 DR, which further supports to the encountered enhanced selectivity to D2 DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Párraga
- Departamento de Farmacología, Laboratorio de Farmacoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sebastián A Andujar
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL, Chacabuco 915, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Rojas
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL, Chacabuco 915, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Lucas J Gutierrez
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL, Chacabuco 915, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | | | - M Jesús Sanz
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL, Chacabuco 915, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Nuria Cabedo
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Diego Cortes
- Departamento de Farmacología, Laboratorio de Farmacoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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17
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Zhang W, Wang J, Wang Y, Dong F, Zhu M, Wan W, Li H, Wu F, Yan X, Ke X. B7-H3 silencing by RNAi inhibits tumor progression and enhances chemosensitivity in U937 cells. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:1721-33. [PMID: 26203263 PMCID: PMC4508088 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s85272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of B7-H3 in acute monocytic leukemia U937 cells has not been thoroughly investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS B7-H3 knockdown in the U937 cell line was performed using small hairpin (sh)RNA lentivirus transduction. The effects on cell proliferation, cycle, migration, and invasion were investigated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, methyl cellulose colony-forming assay, propidium iodide staining, and Transwell assays in vitro. Changes in cell growth inhibition and apoptosis, when combined with chemotherapy drugs, were determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays. U937 xenograft models were used to assess the effects of B7-H3 on tumorigenicity and the therapeutic effect of B7-H3 knockdown in combination with chemotherapy drugs in vivo. RESULTS Downregulation of B7-H3 significantly decreased U937 cell growth and colony-forming ability. The mean inhibition rate of tumor growth with B7-H3 knockdown was 59.4%, and the expression of both Ki-67 and PCNA in xenografts was significantly reduced. After B7-H3 silencing, the U937 cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 phase. The cell migration rate of B7-H3 knockdown cells was reduced more than fivefold, and invasion capacity decreased by 86.7%. B7-H3 RNAi profoundly increased the antitumor effect of chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. On day 19, inhibition rates of tumor growth in B7-H3 shRNA combined with idarubicin, cytarabine, and idarubicin plus cytarabine were 70.5%, 80.0%, and 90.0%, respectively (P=0.006, P=0.004, and P=0.016, respectively). CONCLUSION B7-H3 may promote U937 cell progression, and shRNA targeting B7-H3 significantly enhances sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. These results may provide new insight into the function of B7-H3 and a promising therapeutic approach targeting B7-H3 in acute monocytic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Dong
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Zhu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenli Wan
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haishen Li
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feifei Wu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxing Yan
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Synthesis and antibacterial activities of cadiolides A, B and C and analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3618-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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LC-based targeted metabolomics analysis of nucleotides and identification of biomarkers associated with chemotherapeutic drugs in cultured cell models. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 25:690-703. [PMID: 24667660 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of mammalian cells with chemotherapeutic drugs can result in perturbations of nucleotide pools. Monitoring these perturbations in cultured tumor cells from human sources is useful for assessment of the effect of drug therapy and a better understanding of the mechanism of action of these drugs. In this study, three classes of chemotherapeutic drugs with different mechanisms of action were used in the development of drug-treated cell models. The LC-based targeted metabolomics analysis of nucleotides in cells of the control group and the drug-treated group was carried out. Several data processing methods were combined for the identification of potential biomarkers associated with the action of drugs, including one-way analysis of variance, principal component analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curves. Intriguingly, tumor cells of both the control group and the drug-treated groups can be distinguished from each other, and several variables were recognized as potential biomarkers, such as ATP, GMP, and UDP for antimetabolite agents, ATP, GMP, and CTP for DNA-damaging agents, as well as GMP, ATP, UDP, and GDP for the mitotic spindle agents. Further validation of the potential biomarkers was performed using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Considering their corresponding area under the curve, which was larger than 0.9, it can be concluded that GMP and ATP are the best potential biomarkers for DNA-damaging drugs, as well as GMP, ATP, and UDP for the other two classes of drugs. This limited nucleotide approach cannot completely distinguish the mechanisms of the nine drugs, but it provides preliminary evidence for the role of pharmacometabolomics in the preclinical development of drugs at least.
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Winter E, Dal Pizzol C, Filippin-Monteiro FB, Brondani P, Silva AMPW, Silva AH, Bonacorso HG, Martins MAP, Zanatta N, Creczynski-Pasa TB. Antitumoral activity of a trichloromethyl pyrimidine analogue: molecular cross-talk between intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:1040-9. [PMID: 24848672 DOI: 10.1021/tx500094x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disorder caused by the proliferation of lymphoid progenitor cells and is the most common cancer in children. Cytotoxic nucleoside analogues are important chemotherapeutic agents, which are used in many cancers, including leukemias. In this study, we investigated the effects of the synthetic nucleoside analogue 1-(5,5,5-trichloro-2-methoxy-4-oxopenten-2-yl)-4-trichloromethyl-pyrimidin-2(1H)-one, named compound 3 or C3, on leukemia cell lines. The compound stimulated cell death by apoptosis, evidenced by DNA fragmentation, phosphatidylserine externalization, and caspase-3 activation. Compound 3 seemed to trigger several cell death pathways. The mitochondrial pathway was evidenced through a disturbance of mitochondrial membrane potential, strong cytochrome c liberation, decrease of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression, and caspase-9 activation. The C3 also induced caspase-8 and -12 activation, an increase in the intracellular calcium level, and an overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Increased caspase 8 activity suggests that the extrinsic pathway was activated and that the ROS production and enzyme activity alteration (glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase) might be related to oxidative stress. Finally, the increase in calcium release, CHOP expression, and caspase-12 activity might characterize endoplasmic reticulum stress. Compound 3 was likewise cytotoxic to leukemic and melanoma human cell lines. Taken together, the results contribute to further understanding the new pyrimidine analogue as a potential chemotherapeutic drug or lead molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Winter
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , 88040-900 Florianópolis SC, Brazil
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21
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Párraga J, Cabedo N, Andujar S, Piqueras L, Moreno L, Galán A, Angelina E, Enriz RD, Ivorra MD, Sanz MJ, Cortes D. 2,3,9- and 2,3,11-Trisubstituted tetrahydroprotoberberines as D2 dopaminergic ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 68:150-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Lee MW, Parker WB, Xu B. New insights into the synergism of nucleoside analogs with radiotherapy. Radiat Oncol 2013; 8:223. [PMID: 24066967 PMCID: PMC3851323 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-8-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside analogs have been frequently used in combination with radiotherapy in the clinical setting, as it has long been understood that inhibition of DNA repair pathways is an important means by which many nucleoside analogs synergize. Recent advances in our understanding of the structure and function of deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), a critical enzyme required for the anti-tumor activity for many nucleoside analogs, have clarified the mechanistic role this kinase plays in chemo- and radio-sensitization. A heretofore unrecognized role of dCK in the DNA damage response and cell cycle machinery has helped explain the synergistic effect of these agents with radiotherapy. Since most currently employed nucleoside analogs are primarily activated by dCK, these findings lend fresh impetus to efforts focused on profiling and modulating dCK expression and activity in tumors. In this review we will briefly review the pharmacology and biochemistry of the major nucleoside analogs in clinical use that are activated by dCK. This will be followed by discussions of recent advances in our understanding of dCK activation via post-translational modifications in response to radiation and current strategies aimed at enhancing this activity in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Lee
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd,, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
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Irwin ME, Rivera-Del Valle N, Chandra J. Redox control of leukemia: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1349-83. [PMID: 22900756 PMCID: PMC3584825 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play both positive and negative roles in the proliferation and survival of a cell. This dual nature has been exploited by leukemia cells to promote growth, survival, and genomic instability-some of the hallmarks of the cancer phenotype. In addition to altered ROS levels, many antioxidants are dysregulated in leukemia cells. Together, the production of ROS and the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes make up the primary redox control of leukemia cells. By manipulating this system, leukemia cells gain proliferative and survival advantages, even in the face of therapeutic insults. Standard treatment options have improved leukemia patient survival rates in recent years, although relapse and the development of resistance are persistent challenges. Therapies targeting the redox environment show promise for these cases. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms that control the redox milieu of leukemia cells. In particular, ROS production by the mitochondrial electron transport chain, NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidoreductase, and cytochrome P450 will be addressed. Expression and activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, heme oxygenase, glutathione, thioredoxin, and peroxiredoxin are perturbed in leukemia cells, and the functional consequences of these molecular alterations will be described. Lastly, we delve into how these pathways can be potentially exploited therapeutically to improve treatment regimens and promote better outcomes for leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Irwin
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Wen Y, Gorsic LK, Wheeler HE, Ziliak DM, Huang RS, Dolan ME. Chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis: a phenotype for pharmacogenomics studies. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2011; 21:476-88. [PMID: 21642893 PMCID: PMC3134538 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e3283481967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether cellular apoptosis is a suitable phenotypic trait for pharmacogenomics studies by evaluating caspase 3/7-mediated activity in lymphoblastoid cell lines after treatment with six chemotherapeutic agents: 5'-deoxyfluorouridine, pemetrexed, cytarabine, paclitaxel, carboplatin, and cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using monozygotic twin pair and sibling pair lymphoblastoid cell lines, we identified conditions for measurement of caspase 3/7 activity in lymphoblastoid cell lines. Genome-wide association studies were performed with over 2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cisplatin-induced apoptosis in HapMap CEU cell lines (n=77). RESULTS Although treatment with 5'-deoxyfluorouridine and pemetrexed for up to 24 h resulted in low levels of apoptosis or interindividual variation in caspase-dependent cell death; paclitaxel, cisplatin, carboplatin, and cytarabine treatment for 24 h resulted in 9.4-fold, 9.1-fold, 7.0-fold, and 6.0-fold increases in apoptosis relative to control, respectively. There was a weak correlation between caspase activity and cytotoxicity (r(2)=0.03-0.29) demonstrating that cytotoxicity and apoptosis are two distinct phenotypes that may produce independent genetic associations. Estimated heritability (h(2)) for apoptosis was 0.57 and 0.29 for cytarabine (5 and 40 μmol/l, respectively), 0.22 for paclitaxel (12.5 nmol/l), and 0.34 for cisplatin (5 μmol/l). In the genome-wide association study using the HapMap CEU panel, we identified a significant enrichment of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity SNPs within the significant cisplatin-induced apoptosis SNPs and an enrichment of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). Among these eQTLs, we identified several eQTLs with known function related to apoptosis and/or cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Our study identifies apoptosis as a phenotype for pharmacogenomic studies in lymphoblastoid cell lines after treatment with paclitaxel, cisplatin, carboplatin, and cytarabine that may have utility for discovering biomarkers to predict response to certain chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heather E. Wheeler
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dana M. Ziliak
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - R. Stephanie Huang
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - M. Eileen Dolan
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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25
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Galluzzi L, Vitale I, Vacchelli E, Kroemer G. Cell death signaling and anticancer therapy. Front Oncol 2011; 1:5. [PMID: 22655227 PMCID: PMC3356092 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2011.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, it was commonly believed that efficient anticancer regimens would either trigger the apoptotic demise of tumor cells or induce a permanent arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, i.e., senescence. The recent discovery that necrosis can occur in a regulated fashion and the increasingly more precise characterization of the underlying molecular mechanisms have raised great interest, as non-apoptotic pathways might be instrumental to circumvent the resistance of cancer cells to conventional, pro-apoptotic therapeutic regimens. Moreover, it has been shown that some anticancer regimens engage lethal signaling cascades that can ignite multiple oncosuppressive mechanisms, including apoptosis, necrosis, and senescence. Among these signaling pathways is mitotic catastrophe, whose role as a bona fide cell death mechanism has recently been reconsidered. Thus, anticancer regimens get ever more sophisticated, and often distinct strategies are combined to maximize efficacy and minimize side effects. In this review, we will discuss the importance of apoptosis, necrosis, and mitotic catastrophe in the response of tumor cells to the most common clinically employed and experimental anticancer agents.
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The antiparasitic agent ivermectin induces chloride-dependent membrane hyperpolarization and cell death in leukemia cells. Blood 2010; 116:3593-603. [PMID: 20644115 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-01-262675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify known drugs with previously unrecognized anticancer activity, we compiled and screened a library of such compounds to identify agents cytotoxic to leukemia cells. From these screens, we identified ivermectin, a derivative of avermectin B1 that is licensed for the treatment of the parasitic infections, strongyloidiasis and onchocerciasis, but is also effective against other worm infestations. As a potential antileukemic agent, ivermectin induced cell death at low micromolar concentrations in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines and primary patient samples preferentially over normal hematopoietic cells. Ivermectin also delayed tumor growth in 3 independent mouse models of leukemia at concentrations that appear pharmacologically achievable. As an antiparasitic, ivermectin binds and activates chloride ion channels in nematodes, so we tested the effects of ivermectin on chloride flux in leukemia cells. Ivermectin increased intracellular chloride ion concentrations and cell size in leukemia cells. Chloride influx was accompanied by plasma membrane hyperpolarization, but did not change mitochondrial membrane potential. Ivermectin also increased reactive oxygen species generation that was functionally important for ivermectin-induced cell death. Finally, ivermectin synergized with cytarabine and daunorubicin that also increase reactive oxygen species production. Thus, given its known toxicology and pharmacology, ivermectin could be rapidly advanced into clinical trial for leukemia.
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27
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Apoptosis- and necrosis-induced changes in light attenuation measured by optical coherence tomography. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 25:259-67. [PMID: 19756838 PMCID: PMC2807596 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0723-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to determine optical properties of pelleted human fibroblasts in which necrosis or apoptosis had been induced. We analysed the OCT data, including both the scattering properties of the medium and the axial point spread function of the OCT system. The optical attenuation coefficient in necrotic cells decreased from 2.2 ± 0.3 mm−1 to 1.3 ± 0.6 mm−1, whereas, in the apoptotic cells, an increase to 6.4 ± 1.7 mm−1 was observed. The results from cultured cells, as presented in this study, indicate the ability of OCT to detect and differentiate between viable, apoptotic, and necrotic cells, based on their attenuation coefficient. This functional supplement to high-resolution OCT imaging can be of great clinical benefit, enabling on-line monitoring of tissues, e.g. for feedback in cancer treatment.
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Loeffler S, Fehsel K, Krieger K, Henning U, Klimke A. Inhibition of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase may protect from clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. World J Biol Psychiatry 2009; 5:54-5. [PMID: 15048637 DOI: 10.1080/15622970410029909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Sánchez Y, Amrán D, Fernández C, de Blas E, Aller P. Genistein selectively potentiates arsenic trioxide‐induced apoptosis in human leukemia cellsviareactive oxygen species generation and activation of reactive oxygen species‐inducible protein kinases (p38‐MAPK, AMPK). Int J Cancer 2008; 123:1205-14. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Song HO, Shin MH, Ahn MH, Min DY, Kim YS, Ryu JS. Trichomonas vaginalis: Reactive oxygen species mediates caspase-3 dependent apoptosis of human neutrophils. Exp Parasitol 2008; 118:59-65. [PMID: 17709105 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2007.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2006] [Revised: 06/15/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There are many neutrophils in the vaginal discharge from women infected with Trichomonas vaginalis. The aim of our study was to determine whether human neutrophil apoptosis may be regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to trichomonads infection. Incubation of human neutrophils with live trichomonads caused marked receptor shedding of CD16, decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and caspase-3 activation in human neutrophils. These proapoptotic effects of T. vaginalis on neutrophils were inhibited by pretreatment of neutrophils with an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), suggesting an important role of intracellular ROS accumulation in T. vaginalis-triggered apoptosis. Indeed, large amounts of ROS levels were detected in neutrophils incubated with live trichomonads, and were also effectively inhibited by DPI. However, pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk or caspase-3 inhibitor z-DEVD-fmk did not affect T. vaginalis-induced ROS generation in neutrophils. These results suggest that ROS-dependent caspase-3 activation plays an important role in apoptosis of human neutrophils induced by T. vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ouk Song
- Department of Parasitology, Brain Korea 21, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
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31
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Dou J, Tan C, Du Y, Bai X, Wang K, Ma X. Effects of chitooligosaccharides on rabbit neutrophils in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Agostinelli E, Seiler N. Non-irradiation-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cancer: therapeutic implications. Amino Acids 2006; 31:341-55. [PMID: 16680401 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-005-0271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2005] [Accepted: 10/11/2005] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their chemical reactivity, radicals have cytocidal properties. Destruction of cells by irradiation-induced radical formation is one of the most frequent interventions in cancer therapy. An alternative to irradiation-induced radical formation is in principle drug-induced formation of radicals, and the formation of toxic metabolites by enzyme catalysed reactions. Although these developments are currently still in their infancy, they nevertheless deserve consideration. There are now numerous examples known of conventional anti-cancer drugs that may at least in part exert cytotoxicity by induction of radical formation. Some drugs, such as arsenic trioxide and 2-methoxy-estradiol, were shown to induce programmed cell death due to radical formation. Enzyme-catalysed radical formation has the advantage that cytotoxic products are produced continuously over an extended period of time in the vicinity of tumour cells. Up to now the enzymatic formation of toxic metabolites has nearly exclusively been investigated using bovine serum amine oxidase (BSAO), and spermine as substrate. The metabolites of this reaction, hydrogen peroxide and aldehydes are cytotoxic. The combination of BSAO and spermine is not only able to prevent tumour cell growth, but prevents also tumour growth, particularly well if the enzyme has been conjugated with a biocompatible gel. Since the tumour cells release substrates of BSAO, the administration of spermine is not required. Combination with cytotoxic drugs, and elevation of temperature improves the cytocidal effect of spermine metabolites. The fact that multidrug resistant cells are more sensitive to spermine metabolites than their wild type counterparts makes this new approach especially attractive, since the development of multidrug resistance is one of the major problems of conventional cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Agostinelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences A. Rossi Fanelli, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
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Diaz Z, Colombo M, Mann KK, Su H, Smith KN, Bohle DS, Schipper HM, Miller WH. Trolox selectively enhances arsenic-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in APL and other malignant cell lines. Blood 2005; 105:1237-45. [PMID: 15466933 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-05-1772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAlthough arsenic trioxide (As2O3) is an effective therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), its use in other malignancies is limited by the toxicity of concentrations required to induce apoptosis in non-APL tumor cells. We looked for agents that would synergize with As2O3 to induce apoptosis in malignant cells, but not in normal cells. We found that trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid), a widely known antioxidant, enhances As2O3-mediated apoptosis in APL, myeloma, and breast cancer cells. Treatment with As2O3 and trolox increased intracellular oxidative stress, as evidenced by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein levels, c-Jun terminal kinase (JNK) activation, and protein and lipid oxidation. The synergistic effects of trolox may be specific to As2O3, as trolox does not add to toxicity induced by other chemotherapeutic drugs. We explored the mechanism of this synergy using electron paramagnetic resonance and observed the formation of trolox radicals when trolox was combined with As2O3, but not with doxorubicin. Importantly, trolox protected nonmalignant cells from As2O3-mediated cytotoxicity. Our data provide the first evidence that trolox may extend the therapeutic spectrum of As2O3. Furthermore, the combination of As2O3 and trolox shows potential specificity for tumor cells, suggesting it may not increase the toxicity associated with As2O3 monotherapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuanel Diaz
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research,McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Kanno SI, Shouji A, Hirata R, Asou K, Ishikawa M. Effects of naringin on cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C)-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in P388 cells. Life Sci 2004; 75:353-65. [PMID: 15135655 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2003.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2003] [Accepted: 12/20/2003] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Naringin (NG), a flavonoid in grapefruit and citrus, has been reported to exhibit antioxidant effects and pharmacological actions. Recently, we have reported that NG suppressed the cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by H(2)O(2), a typical pro-oxidant, in mouse leukemia P388 cells. Cytosine arabinoside (1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine; Ara-C) is the most important antimetabolite chemotherapeutic drug used for acute leukemia. It has been suggested that Ara-C-induced cytotoxicity is caused by apoptosis, which is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we examined the effect of NG on the cytotoxicity and apoptosis in mouse leukemia P388 cells treated with Ara-C. Ara-C caused cytotoxicity in a concentration and time-dependent manner in the cells. N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), cystamine (CysA) or a reduced form of glutathione (GSH), typical antioxidants significantly blocked Ara-C-induced cytotoxicity. Similarly, Ara-C-induced cell death was completely prevented by NG. NG strongly reduced ROS production caused by Ara-C in the cells. NG slightly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Ara-C caused apoptosis with nuclear morphological change and DNA fragmentation. NG remarkably attenuated the Ara-C-induced apoptosis. NG completely blocked the DNA damage caused by Ara-C treatment at 6 h using the Comet assay. Our data suggest that NG reduces Ara-C-induced oxidative stress through both an inhibition of the generation of ROS production and an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. Consequently, NG blocked apoptosis caused by Ara-C-induced oxidative stress, resulting in the inhibition of the cytotoxicity of Ara-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syu-Ichi Kanno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cancer Research Institute, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba, Sendai 981-8558, Japan.
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Goto H, Takahashi H, Fujii H, Ikuta K, Yokota S. N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR) induces leukemia cell death via generation of reactive oxygen species. Int J Hematol 2004; 78:219-25. [PMID: 14604280 DOI: 10.1007/bf02983798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cytotoxicity of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR) was studied with use of the B-precursor lymphoblastic leukemia cell line YCUB-2. The increase in intracellular ROS measured with 2'-7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate after 3 hours' incubation was 3.7-fold with 1 microM 4-HPR and 5.8-fold with 5 microM 4-HPR. The rate of apoptosis after 48 hours' incubation was 9.8% and 56.4% in comparison with untreated cells. Hydroethidine, which is a more specific indicator of superoxide anion radical level, did not effectively detect 4-HPR-induced ROS. The antioxidant 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one suppressed 4-HPR-induced ROS production and apoptosis. The cytotoxicity of 4-HPR was analyzed in 4 other leukemia/lymphoma lines (CCRF-HSB2, Molt-4, KG-1, HL-60). We found that the cytotoxicity of 4-HPR correlated with the amount of ROS produced in cell lines, except in HL-60 cells. The intracellular glutathione level varied among the 5 cell lines, the highest levels occurring in Molt-4 and KG-1, which were less sensitive to 4-HPR. Suppression of glutathione by buthionine sulfoximine enhanced the level of 4-HPR-induced ROS production and apoptosis in Molt-4. Our findings suggest that ROS play a significant role in the antileukemia effect of 4-HPR and that the glutathione level in leukemias may be associated the sensitivity of the cells to 4-HPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Goto
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Pae HO, Oh GS, Choi BM, Seo EA, Oh H, Shin MK, Kim TH, Kwon TO, Chung HT. Induction of apoptosis by 4-acetyl-12,13-epoxyl-9-trichothecene-3,15-diol from Isaria japonica Yasuda through intracellular reactive oxygen species formation and caspase-3 activation in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2003; 17:49-57. [PMID: 12537962 DOI: 10.1016/s0887-2333(02)00097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Recently we have reported that the trichothecene mycotoxin 4-acetyl-12,13-epoxyl-9-trichothecene-3,15-diol (AETD) from the fruiting bodies of Isaria japonica Yasuda is a potent inducer of apoptosis in human promyelocytic HL-60 cells. The present study aims to characterize the molecular events leading to AETD-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. The percentage of apoptotic cells (annexin-V-positive cell population) increased dose- and time-dependently after AETD exposure. Apoptosis of HL-60 cells by AETD was associated with the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) and the activation of caspase-3. Pretreating the cells with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cystein (NAC) and the caspase-3 inhibitor Z-DEVD-fmk abrogated AETD-induced apoptosis and caspase-3 activation. NAC blocked intracellular ROS formation and GSH depletion, but Z-DEVD-fmk did not. These results indicate that AETD induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells by causing intracellular ROS formation and GSH depletion followed by the downstream event of caspase-3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H O Pae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medicinal Resources Research Center of Wonkwang University, 344-2 Shinyong-Dong, Iksan-Shi, Chonbuk 570-749, South Korea
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Xue L, Borutaite V, Tolkovsky AM. Inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition and release of cytochrome c by anti-apoptotic nucleoside analogues. Biochem Pharmacol 2002; 64:441-9. [PMID: 12147295 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(02)01181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated whether nucleoside drugs that induce or protect neurones against apoptosis might directly activate or inhibit mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) since opening of the mPT pore can promote release of cytochrome c and apoptosis, while its closure can prevent these changes. We found that the pro-apoptotic pyrimidine analogues cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside and cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside 5'-triphosphate, which activated apoptosis in post-mitotic neurones without incorporation into nuclear DNA, induced rapid calcium-dependent mitochondrial swelling of isolated liver mitochondria in a dose-dependent manner. Induction of up to 50 and 80%, respectively, of maximal swelling induced by high calcium was obtained at 1mM concentrations, which also promoted a 17-fold increase in the release of cytochrome c. Both activities were inhibited by cyclosporine A to unstimulated levels; dCTP had no effect. In contrast, the anti-apoptotic adenine analogues, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and olomoucine (but not iso-olomoucine), inhibited swelling induced by calcium or phenylarsine oxide in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations that protect neurones from apoptosis. Both compounds also inhibited the release of cytochrome c (by 82%, 20 mM 3-MA and 95%, 0.9 mM olomoucine), similar to the inhibition obtained with cyclosporine A, and 5mM ADP or ATP. Similar inhibitory effects with olomoucine and 3-MA were found in isolated heart mitochondria. These studies identify the mPT as an important target for hitherto untested pro- and anti-apoptotic nucleoside-based drugs and suggest that screening for mPT modulation is an important component in the validation of a drug's mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzheng Xue
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1QW, Cambridge, UK
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Pelletier M, Girard D. Dieldrin induces human neutrophil superoxide production via protein kinases C and tyrosine kinases. Hum Exp Toxicol 2002; 21:415-20. [PMID: 12412634 DOI: 10.1191/0960327102ht272oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We have recently found that dieldrin is a potent human neutrophil agonist in vitro and induces neutrophilic inflammation in vivo. Among the responses observed in vitro, dieldrin was found to induce superoxide (O2-) production by a yet unknown mechanism. In the present study, dieldrin- and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced O2- responses were compared. For this purpose, cells were preincubated with a panel of signal transduction inhibitors including genistein, H-7, HA-1077, pertussis toxin, staurosporine, calphostin C, SB203580, PD098059, and wortmannin. Dieldrin-induced O2- response was significantly reduced with treatment with genistein, H-7, HA-1077, staurosporine, and calphostin C, whereas PMA-induced response was significantly reduced by treatment with H-7, HA-1077, and staurosporine. This indicates that dieldrin mediates its effect via protein kinases C (PKCs) and tyrosine kinases. Involvement of tyrosine kinases in dieldrin-induced human neutrophils was further demonstrated by an increase in tyrosine phosphorylated protein level expression. Finally, we found that treatment with the mitochondrial stabilizer bongkrekic acid and with the inhibitor of vesicular transport brefeldin A did not reverse dieldrin-induced O2- response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pelletier
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier/Santé humaine, Université du Québec, Canada
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