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Alizadeh M, Habach F, Maciulis M, Kontenis L, Bagdonas S, Krouglov S, Baranauskas V, Bulotiene D, Karabanovas V, Rotomskis R, Akens MK, Barzda V. Polarimetric second harmonic generation microscopy of partially oriented fibers II: Imaging study. Biophys J 2023; 122:3937-3949. [PMID: 37621088 PMCID: PMC10560685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polarimetric second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy imaging is employed to investigate the ultrastructural organization of biological and biomimetic partially oriented fibrillar structures. The linear polarization-in polarization-out SHG microscopy measurements are conducted with rat tail tendon, rabbit cornea, pig cartilage, and biomimetic meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine (TPPS4) cylindrical aggregates, which represent different two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) configurations of C6 symmetry fibril structures in the focal volume (voxel) of the microscope. The polarization-in polarization-out imaging of rat tail tendon reveals that SHG intensity is affected by parallel/antiparallel arrangements of the fibers, and achiral (R) and chiral (C) susceptibility component ratio values change by tilting the tendon fibers out of image plane. The R ratio changes for the 2D crossing fibers observed in cornea tissue. The 3D crossing of fibers also affects R ratio in cartilage tissue. The distinctly different dependence of R on crossing and tilting of fibers is demonstrated in collagen and TPPS4 aggregates, due to the achiral molecular susceptibility ratio having values below and above 3, respectively. The polarimetric microscopy results correspond well with the analytical expressions of amplitude and R and C ratios dependence on the crossing angle of the fibers. The experimentally measured SHG intensity and R and C ratio maps are consistent with the computational modeling of various fiber configurations presented in the preceding article. The demonstrated SHG intensity and R and C ratio dependencies on fibril configurations provide the basis for interpreting polarimetric SHG microscopy images in terms of 3D ultrastructural organization of fibers in each voxel of the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Alizadeh
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Fayez Habach
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mykolas Maciulis
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lukas Kontenis
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Light Conversion, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Saulius Bagdonas
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Serguei Krouglov
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vytautas Baranauskas
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Science Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Danute Bulotiene
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vitalijus Karabanovas
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania; Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ricardas Rotomskis
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Margarete K Akens
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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2
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Chatterjee M, Evans MK, Bell R, Nguyen PK, Kamalitdinov TB, Korntner S, Kuo CK, Dyment NA, Andarawis-Puri N. Histological and immunohistochemical guide to tendon tissue. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:2114-2132. [PMID: 37321983 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tendons are unique dense connective tissues with discrete zones having specific structure and function. They are juxtaposed with other tissues (e.g., bone, muscle, and fat) with different compositional, structural, and mechanical properties. Additionally, tendon properties change drastically with growth and development, disease, aging, and injury. Consequently, there are unique challenges to performing high quality histological assessment of this tissue. To address this need, histological assessment was one of the breakout session topics at the 2022 Orthopaedic Research Society (ORS) Tendon Conference hosted at the University of Pennsylvania. The purpose of the breakout session was to discuss needs from members of the ORS Tendon Section related to histological procedures, data presentation, knowledge dissemination, and guidelines for future work. Therefore, this review provides a brief overview of the outcomes of this discussion and provides a set of guidelines, based on the perspectives from our laboratories, for histological assessment to assist researchers in their quest to utilize these techniques to enhance the outcomes and interpretations of their studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monideepa Chatterjee
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Mary K Evans
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebecca Bell
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Phong K Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Timur B Kamalitdinov
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stefanie Korntner
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Catherine K Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nathaniel A Dyment
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nelly Andarawis-Puri
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Bhuiyan S, Widdop RE, Samuel CS. Determination of Interstitial Collagen Deposition and Related Topography Using the Second Harmonic Generation-Based HistoIndex Platform. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2664:173-184. [PMID: 37423990 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3179-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial fibrosis is characterized by the increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components within the interstitial space of various organs, such as the kidneys, heart, lungs, liver, and skin. The primary component of interstitial fibrosis-related scarring is interstitial collagen. Therefore, the therapeutic application of anti-fibrotic medication hinges on the accurate measurement of interstitial collagen levels within tissue samples. Current histological measurement techniques for interstitial collagen are generally semi-quantitative in nature and only provide a ratio of collagen levels within tissues. However, the Genesis™ 200 imaging system and supplemental image analysis software, FibroIndex™, from HistoIndex™, is a novel, automated platform for imaging and characterizing interstitial collagen deposition and related topographical properties of the collagen structures within an organ, in the absence of any staining. This is achieved by using a property of light known as second harmonic generation (SHG). Using a rigorous optimization protocol, collagen structures in tissue sections can be imaged with a high degree of reproducibility and ensures homogeneity across all samples while minimizing the introduction of any imaging artefacts or photobleaching (decreased tissue fluorescence due to prolonged exposure to the laser). This chapter outlines the protocol that should be undertaken to optimize HistoIndex scanning of tissue sections, and the outputs that can be measured and analyzed using the FibroIndex™ software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadman Bhuiyan
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert E Widdop
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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4
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Mirsanaye K, Uribe Castaño L, Kamaliddin Y, Golaraei A, Kontenis L, Ẑurauskas E, Navab R, Yasufuku K, Tsao MS, Wilson BC, Barzda V. Unsupervised determination of lung tumor margin with widefield polarimetric second-harmonic generation microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20713. [PMID: 36456811 PMCID: PMC9715953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24973-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is amongst many tissue components affected by cancer, however, morphological changes of the ECM are not well-understood and thus, often omitted from diagnostic considerations. Polarimetric second-harmonic generation (P-SHG) microscopy allows for visualization and characterization of collagen ultrastructure in the ECM, aiding in better understanding of the changes induced by cancer throughout the tissue. In this paper, a large region of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained human lung section, encompassing a tumor margin, connecting a significant tumor portion to normal tissue was imaged with P-SHG microscopy. The resulting polarimetric parameters were utilized in principal components analysis and unsupervised K-Means clustering to separate normal- and tumor-like tissue. Consequently, a pseudo-color map of the clustered tissue regions is generated to highlight the irregularity of the ECM collagen structure throughout the region of interest and to identify the tumor margin, in the absence of morphological characteristics of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamdin Mirsanaye
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Leonardo Uribe Castaño
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Yasmeen Kamaliddin
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Ahmad Golaraei
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada ,grid.231844.80000 0004 0474 0428Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lukas Kontenis
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania ,Light Conversion, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Edvardas Ẑurauskas
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Roya Navab
- grid.231844.80000 0004 0474 0428Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kazuhiro Yasufuku
- grid.231844.80000 0004 0474 0428Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- grid.231844.80000 0004 0474 0428Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- grid.231844.80000 0004 0474 0428Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada ,grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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5
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Sun H, Wang S, Chen J, Yu H. Label-free second harmonic generation imaging of cerebral vascular wall in local ischemia mouse model in vivo. Neuroscience 2022; 502:10-24. [PMID: 36055560 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging is label-free and non-invasive, and it has been extensively applied in multiple biological and medical studies, but not in the brain in vivo. In this study, we modified classical two photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) system to perform in vivo simultaneous TPEF and SHG imaging in the local ischemia mouse model. In cerebral vascular walls, we found strong SHG signal, which co-localized with collagen. In the continuous 2 days' in vivo imaging, this SHG signal remained stable in the local ischemic blood vessel in the initial 4 hours, then its signal abruptly increased and got spatially thickened 5 hours after thrombosis, and this tendency continued in the following 48 hours. This study provides direct and precise timeline of rapid collagen change in cerebral vascular walls in vivo, and reveals the subtle but significant temporal-spatial dynamics of this structural signal during local ischemia. Thus, this cerebral in vivo SHG imaging provides a powerful tool to identify the early and subtle pathological change of collagen around clinical key therapeutic time window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengfei Sun
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
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6
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Machine learning-enabled cancer diagnostics with widefield polarimetric second-harmonic generation microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10290. [PMID: 35717344 PMCID: PMC9206659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13623-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) collagen undergoes major remodeling during tumorigenesis. However, alterations to the ECM are not widely considered in cancer diagnostics, due to mostly uniform appearance of collagen fibers in white light images of hematoxylin and eosin-stained (H&E) tissue sections. Polarimetric second-harmonic generation (P-SHG) microscopy enables label-free visualization and ultrastructural investigation of non-centrosymmetric molecules, which, when combined with texture analysis, provides multiparameter characterization of tissue collagen. This paper demonstrates whole slide imaging of breast tissue microarrays using high-throughput widefield P-SHG microscopy. The resulting P-SHG parameters are used in classification to differentiate tumor from normal tissue, resulting in 94.2% for both accuracy and F1-score, and 6.3% false discovery rate. Subsequently, the trained classifier is employed to predict tumor tissue with 91.3% accuracy, 90.7% F1-score, and 13.8% false omission rate. As such, we show that widefield P-SHG microscopy reveals collagen ultrastructure over large tissue regions and can be utilized as a sensitive biomarker for cancer diagnostics and prognostics studies.
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7
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Agemura T, Hasegawa T, Yari S, Kikuta J, Ishii M. Arthritis-associated osteoclastogenic macrophage, AtoM, as a key player in pathological bone erosion. Inflamm Regen 2022; 42:17. [PMID: 35650653 PMCID: PMC9161570 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00206-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are myeloid lineage cells with a unique bone-destroying ability that maintains bone homeostasis together with bone formation by osteoblasts. An advanced intravital imaging system using a two-photon microscopy has enabled the observation and evaluation of osteoclast dynamics and behaviors in the bone marrow of living mice. Using this system, it has become clear that pathological osteoclasts under inflamed conditions differ from physiological osteoclasts under a steady-state. Recently, we identified novel osteoclast precursors in arthritis, called arthritis-associated osteoclastogenic macrophages (AtoMs), which differentiate into pathological osteoclasts and induce inflammatory bone destruction. In this review, we introduce the in vivo imaging of physiological and pathological osteoclasts and their differentiation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Agemura
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Hasegawa
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinya Yari
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Junichi Kikuta
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Laboratory of Bioimaging and Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Osaka, Ibaraki, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Laboratory of Bioimaging and Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Osaka, Ibaraki, 567-0085, Japan.
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8
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Padrez Y, Golubewa L, Kulahava T, Vladimirskaja T, Semenkova G, Adzerikho I, Yatsevich O, Amaegberi N, Karpicz R, Svirko Y, Kuzhir P, Rutkauskas D. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of pulmonary arterial hypertension fibrosis using wide-field second harmonic generation microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7330. [PMID: 35513702 PMCID: PMC9072392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11473-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated that wide-field second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy of lung tissue in combination with quantitative analysis of SHG images is a powerful tool for fast and label-free visualization of the fibrosis pathogenesis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Statistical analysis of the SHG images revealed changes of the collagen content and morphology in the lung tissue during the monocrotaline-induced PAH progression in rats. First order statistics disclosed the dependence of the collagen overproduction on time, the second order statistics indicated tightening of collagen fiber network around blood vessels and their spreading into the alveolar region. Fourier analysis revealed that enhancement of the fiber orientation in the collagen network with PAH progression was followed with its subsequent reduction at the terminating phase of the disease. Proposed approach has potential for assessing pulmonary fibrosis in interstitial lung disease, after lung(s) transplantation, cancer, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaraslau Padrez
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania. .,Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Lena Golubewa
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana Kulahava
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Renata Karpicz
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Yuri Svirko
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Photonics, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Photonics, Joensuu, Finland
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9
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Siddiq MM, Hannila SS, Zorina Y, Nikulina E, Rabinovich V, Hou J, Huq R, Richman EL, Tolentino RE, Hansen J, Velenosi A, Kwon BK, Tsirka SE, Maze I, Sebra R, Beaumont KG, Toro CA, Cardozo CP, Iyengar R, Filbin MT. Extracellular histones, a new class of inhibitory molecules of CNS axonal regeneration. Brain Commun 2022; 3:fcab271. [PMID: 34993473 PMCID: PMC8728726 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal regeneration in the mature CNS is limited by extracellular inhibitory factors. Triple knockout mice lacking the major myelin-associated inhibitors do not display spontaneous regeneration after injury, indicating the presence of other inhibitors. Searching for such inhibitors, we have detected elevated levels of histone H3 in human CSF 24 h after spinal cord injury. Following dorsal column lesions in mice and optic nerve crushes in rats, elevated levels of extracellular histone H3 were detected at the injury site. Similar to myelin-associated inhibitors, these extracellular histones induced growth cone collapse and inhibited neurite outgrowth. Histones mediate inhibition through the transcription factor Y-box-binding protein 1 and Toll-like receptor 2, and these effects are independent of the Nogo receptor. Histone-mediated inhibition can be reversed by the addition of activated protein C in vitro, and activated protein C treatment promotes axonal regeneration in the crushed optic nerve in vivo. These findings identify extracellular histones as a new class of nerve regeneration-inhibiting molecules within the injured CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa M Siddiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sari S Hannila
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Yana Zorina
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Gene Editing and Screening Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elena Nikulina
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Vera Rabinovich
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jianwei Hou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rumana Huq
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Erica L Richman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rosa E Tolentino
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jens Hansen
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Brian K Kwon
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stella E Tsirka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA
| | - Ian Maze
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Studies, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Kristin G Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Studies, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Carlos A Toro
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY 10468, USA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christopher P Cardozo
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY 10468, USA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ravi Iyengar
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marie T Filbin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
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10
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Zhou H, Piñeiro Llanes J, Sarntinoranont M, Subhash G, Simmons CS. Label-free quantification of soft tissue alignment by polarized Raman spectroscopy. Acta Biomater 2021; 136:363-374. [PMID: 34537413 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The organization of proteins is an important determinant of functionality in soft tissues. However, such organization is difficult to monitor over time in soft tissue with complex compositions. Here, we establish a method to determine the alignment of proteins in soft tissues of varying composition by polarized Raman spectroscopy (PRS). Unlike most conventional microscopy methods, PRS leverages non-destructive, label-free sample preparation. PRS data from highly aligned muscle layers were utilized to derive a weighting function for aligned proteins via principal component analysis (PCA). This trained weighting function was used as a master loading function to calculate a principal component score (PC1 Score) as a function of polarized angle for tendon, dermis, hypodermis, and fabricated collagen gels. Since the PC1 Score calculated at arbitrary angles was insufficient to determine level of alignment, we developed an Amplitude Alignment Metric by fitting a sine function to PC1 Score with respect to polarized angle. We found that our PRS-based Amplitude Alignment Metric can be used as an indicator of level of protein alignment in soft tissues in a non-destructive manner with label-free preparation and has similar discriminatory capacity among isotropic and anisotropic samples compared to microscopy-based image processing method. This PRS method does not require a priori knowledge of sample orientation nor composition and appears insensitive to changes in protein composition among different tissues. The Amplitude Alignment Metric introduced here could enable convenient and adaptable evaluation of protein alignment in soft tissues of varying protein and cell composition. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Polarized Raman spectroscopy (PRS) has been used to characterize the of organization of soft tissues. However, most of the reported applications of PRS have been on collagen-rich tissues and reliant on intensities of collagen-related vibrations. This work describes a PRS method via a multivariate analysis to characterize alignment in soft tissues composed of varying proteins. Of note, the highly aligned muscle layer of mouse skin was used to train a master function then applied to other soft tissue samples, and the degree of anisotropy in the PRS response was evaluated to obtain the level of alignment in tissues. We have demonstrated that this method supports convenient and adaptable evaluation of protein alignment in soft tissues of varying protein and cell composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Janny Piñeiro Llanes
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Malisa Sarntinoranont
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ghatu Subhash
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Chelsey S Simmons
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
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11
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Bouquiaux C, Castet F, Champagne B. Unravelling the Effects of Cholesterol on the Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Responses of Di-8-ANEPPS Dye Embedded in Phosphatidylcholine Lipid Bilayers. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10195-10212. [PMID: 34491062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is known for its role in maintaining the correct fluidity and rigidity of the animals cell membranes and thus their functions. Assessing the content and the role of cholesterol in lipid bilayers is therefore of crucial importance for a deeper understanding and control of membrane functioning. In this computational work, we investigate bilayers built from three types of glycerophospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids, namely dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC), and containing different amounts of cholesterol by analyzing the second-harmonic generation (SHG) nonlinear optical (NLO) response of a probe molecule, di-8-ANEPPS, inserted into the membranes. This molecular property presents the advantage to be specific to interfacial regions such as lipid bilayers. To unravel these effects, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed on both DPPC and DOPC lipids by varying the cholesterol mole fraction (from 0 to 0.66), while POPC was only considered as a pure bilayer. In the case of the structural properties of the bilayers, all the analyses converge toward the same conclusion: as the mole fraction of cholesterol increases, the systems become more rigid, confirming the condensing effect of cholesterol. In addition, the chromophore is progressively more aligned with respect to the normal to the bilayer. On the contrary, addition of unsaturation disorders the lipid bilayers, with barely no impact on the alignment of the chromophore. Then, using the frames obtained from the MD simulations, the first hyperpolarizability β of the dye in its environment has been computed at the TDDFT level. On the one hand, the addition of cholesterol induces a progressive increase of the diagonal component the β tensor parallel to the bilayer normal. On the other hand, larger β values have been calculated for the unsaturated than for the saturated lipid systems. In summary, this study illustrates the relationship between the composition and structure of the bilayers and the NLO responses of the embedded dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Castet
- , Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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12
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Bhuiyan S, Shen M, Chelvaretnam S, Tan AY, Ho G, Hossain MA, Widdop RE, Samuel CS. Assessment of renal fibrosis and anti-fibrotic agents using a novel diagnostic and stain-free second-harmonic generation platform. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21595. [PMID: 33908676 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002053rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Current histological measurement techniques for interstitial collagen, the basis of interstitial fibrosis, are semi-quantitative at best and only provide a ratio of collagen levels within tissues. The Genesis200 imaging system and supplemental image analysis software, FibroIndex from HistoIndex, is a novel, automated platform that uses second-harmonic generation (SHG) for imaging and characterization of interstitial collagen deposition and additional characteristics, in the absence of any staining. However, its ability to quantify renal fibrosis requires investigation. This study compared SHG imaging of renal fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO), to that of Masson's trichrome staining (MTS) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of collagen I. Additionally, the platform generated data on collagen morphology and distribution patterns. While all three methods determined that UUO-injured mice underwent significantly increased renal fibrosis after 7 days, the HistoIndex platform additionally determined that UUO-injured mice had a significantly increased collagen-to-tissue cross reticulation ratio (all P < .001 vs sham group). Furthermore, in UUO-injured mice treated with the relaxin family peptide receptor-1 agonists, relaxin (0.5 mg/kg/day) or B7-33 (0.25 mg/kg/day), or angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor, perindopril (1 mg/kg/day) over the 7-day period, only the HistoIndex platform determined that the drug-induced prevention of renal fibrosis correlated with significantly reduced collagen fiber thickness and collagen-to-tissue cross reticulation ratio, but increased collagen fiber counts. Relaxin or B7-33 treatment also increased renal matrix metalloproteinase-2 and reduced tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 levels (all P < .01 vs UUO alone). This study demonstrated the diagnostic value of the HistoIndex platform over currently used staining techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadman Bhuiyan
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew Shen
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sharenya Chelvaretnam
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andre Y Tan
- HistoIndex Pte Ltd, The LaunchPad, Fusionopolis, Singapore
| | - Gideon Ho
- HistoIndex Pte Ltd, The LaunchPad, Fusionopolis, Singapore
| | - Mohammed Akhter Hossain
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert E Widdop
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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13
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Chen CH, Nair AV, Chuang SC, Lin YS, Cheng MH, Lin CY, Chang CY, Chen SJ, Lien CH. Dual-LC PSHG microscopy for imaging collagen type I and type II gels with pixel-resolution analysis. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:3050-3065. [PMID: 34168914 PMCID: PMC8194623 DOI: 10.1364/boe.416193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Collagen of type I (Col I) and type II (Col II) are critical for cartilage and connective tissues in the human body, and several diseases may alter their properties. Assessing the identification and quantification of fibrillar collagen without biomarkers is a challenge. Advancements in non-invasive polarization-resolved second-harmonic generation (PSHG) microscopy have provided a method for the non-destructive investigation of collagen molecular level properties. Here we explored an alternative polarization modulated approach, dual-LC PSHG, that is based on two liquid crystal devices (Liquid crystal polarization rotators, LPRs) operating simultaneously with a laser scanning SHG microscope. We demonstrated that this more accessible technology allows the quick and accurate generation of any desired linear and circular polarization state without any mechanical parts. This study demonstrates that this method can aid in improving the ability to quantify the characteristics of both types of collagen, including pitch angle, anisotropy, and circular dichroism analysis. Using this approach, we estimated the effective pitch angle for Col I and Col II to be 49.7° and 51.6°, respectively. The effective peptide pitch angle for Col II gel was first estimated and is similar to the value obtained for Col I gel in the previous studies. Additionally, the difference of the anisotropy parameter of both collagen type gels was assessed to be 0.293, which reflects the different type molecular fibril assembly. Further, our work suggests a potential method for monitoring and differentiating different collagen types in biological tissues, especially cartilage or connective tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Orthopaedic Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsin Cheng
- Orthopaedic Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- College of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Chang
- College of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shean-Jen Chen
- College of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Lien
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan
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14
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Jyothsna KM, Sarkar P, Jha KK, A S LK, Raghunathan V, Bhat R. A biphasic response of polymerized Type 1 collagen architectures to dermatan sulfate. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:1646-1656. [PMID: 33687134 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Collagen I, the most abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) protein in vertebrate tissues provides mechanical durability to tissue microenvironments and regulates cell function. Its fibrillogenesis in biological milieu is predominantly regulated by dermatan sulfate proteoglycans, proteins conjugated with iduronic acid-containing dermatan sulfate (DS) glycosaminoglycans (GAG). Although DS is known to regulate tissue function through its modulation of Coll I architecture, a precise understanding of the latter remains elusive. We investigated this problem by visualizing the fibrillar pattern of fixed Coll I gels polymerized in the presence of varying concentrations of DS using second harmonic generation microscopy. Measuring mean second harmonic generation signal (which estimates the ordering of the fibrils), and surface occupancy (which estimates the space occupied by fibrils) supported by confocal reflectance microscopy, our observations indicated that the effect on fibril pattern of DS is contextual upon the latter's concentrations: Lower levels of DS resulted in sparse disorganized fibrils; higher levels restore organization, with fibrils occupying greater space. An appropriate change in elasticity as a result of DS levels was also observed through atomic force microscopy. Examination of dye-based GAG staining and scanning electron microscopy suggested distinct constitutions of Coll I gels when polymerized with higher and lower levels of DS. We observed that adhesion of the invasive ovarian cancer cells SKOV3 decreased for lower DS levels but was partially restored at higher DS levels. Our study shows how the Coll I gel pattern-tuning of DS is of relevance for understanding its biomaterial applications and possibly, pathophysiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konkada Manattayil Jyothsna
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Purba Sarkar
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Keshav Kumar Jha
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Department of Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | - Lal Krishna A S
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Varun Raghunathan
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramray Bhat
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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15
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Sahu SP, Liu Q, Prasad A, Hasan SMA, Liu Q, Rodriguez MXB, Mukhopadhyay O, Burk D, Francis J, Mukhopadhyay S, Fu X, Gartia MR. Characterization of fibrillar collagen isoforms in infarcted mouse hearts using second harmonic generation imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:604-618. [PMID: 33520391 PMCID: PMC7818962 DOI: 10.1364/boe.410347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We utilized collagen specific second harmonic generation (SHG) signatures coupled with correlative immunofluorescence imaging techniques to characterize collagen structural isoforms (type I and type III) in a murine model of myocardial infarction (MI). Tissue samples were imaged over a four week period using SHG, transmitted light microscopy and immunofluorescence imaging using fluorescently-labeled collagen antibodies. The post-mortem cardiac tissue imaging using SHG demonstrated a progressive increase in collagen deposition in the left ventricle (LV) post-MI. We were able to monitor structural morphology and LV remodeling parameters in terms of extent of LV dilation, stiffness and fiber dimensions in the infarcted myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant P Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Qianglin Liu
- LSU AgCenter, School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Alisha Prasad
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Syed Mohammad Abid Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | | | | | - David Burk
- Shared Instrumentation Facility and Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Joseph Francis
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Supratik Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Xing Fu
- LSU AgCenter, School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Manas Ranjan Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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16
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Hashimoto K, Kaito T, Kikuta J, Ishii M. Intravital imaging of orthotopic and ectopic bone. Inflamm Regen 2020; 40:26. [PMID: 33292699 PMCID: PMC7604953 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-020-00135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is dynamically regulated by a balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Visualizing and evaluating the dynamics of bone cells in vivo remain difficult using conventional technologies, including histomorphometry and imaging analysis. Over the past two decades, multiphoton microscopy, which can penetrate thick specimens, has been utilized in the field of biological imaging. Using this innovative technique, the in vivo dynamic motion of bone metabolism-related cells and their interactions has been revealed. In this review, we summarize previous approaches used for bone imaging and provide an overview of current bone tissue imaging methods using multiphoton excitation microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiko Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine & Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Junichi Kikuta
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine & Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine & Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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17
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Tokarz D, Cisek R, Joseph A, Asa SL, Wilson BC, Barzda V. Characterization of pathological thyroid tissue using polarization-sensitive second harmonic generation microscopy. J Transl Med 2020; 100:1280-1287. [PMID: 32737408 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Polarization-sensitive second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is an established imaging technique able to provide information related to specific molecular structures including collagen. In this investigation, polarization-sensitive SHG microscopy was used to investigate changes in the collagen ultrastructure between histopathology slides of normal and diseased human thyroid tissues including follicular nodular disease, Grave's disease, follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, classical papillary thyroid carcinoma, insular or poorly differentiated carcinoma, and anaplastic or undifferentiated carcinoma ex vivo. The second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility tensor component ratios, χ(2)zzz'/χ(2)zxx' and χ(2)xyz'/χ(2)zxx', were obtained, where χ(2)zzz'/χ(2)zxx' is a structural parameter and χ(2)xyz'/χ(2)zxx' is a measure of the chirality of the collagen fibers. Furthermore, the degree of linear polarization (DOLP) of the SHG signal was measured. A statistically significant increase in χ(2)zzz'/χ(2)zxx' values for all the diseased tissues except insular carcinoma and a statistically significant decrease in DOLP for all the diseased tissues were observed compared to normal thyroid. This finding indicates a higher ultrastructural disorder in diseased collagen and provides an innovative approach to discriminate between normal and diseased thyroid tissues that is complementary to standard histopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Tokarz
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
| | - Richard Cisek
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ariana Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sylvia L Asa
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Brian C Wilson
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
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18
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Piehler S, Wucherpfennig L, Tansi FL, Berndt A, Quaas R, Teichgraeber U, Hilger I. Hyperthermia affects collagen fiber architecture and induces apoptosis in pancreatic and fibroblast tumor hetero-spheroids in vitro. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2020; 28:102183. [PMID: 32222478 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Desmoplasia, an aberrant production of extracellular matrix (ECM), is considered as one predictive marker of malignancy of pancreatic cancer. In this paper, we study the effect of mild hyperthermia on fibrillary collagen architecture in murine Achilles tendons and in a pancreatic cancer model, in vitro, i.e. 3D hetero-type tumor spheroids, consisting of pancreatic cancer (Panc-1) cells and fibroblasts (WI-38), producing collagen fibers. We clearly demonstrate that i) mild hyperthermia (40 °C, 42 °C) damages the collagen architecture in murine Achilles tendons. ii) Mild extrinsic (hot air) and iron oxide nanoparticle based magnetic hyperthermia reduce the level of collagen fiber architecture in the generated hetero-type tumor spheroids. iii) Mild magnetic hyperthermia reduces cell vitality mainly through apoptotic and necrotic processes in the generated tumor spheroids. In conclusion, hetero-type 3D tumor spheroids are suitable for studying the effect of hyperthermia on collagen fibers, in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Piehler
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Lena Wucherpfennig
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Felista L Tansi
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Berndt
- Section Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Ulf Teichgraeber
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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19
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The significance of stromal collagen organization in cancer tissue: An in-depth discussion of literature. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 151:102907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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20
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Golaraei A, Kontenis L, Karunendiran A, Stewart BA, Barzda V. Dual- and single-shot susceptibility ratio measurements with circular polarizations in second-harmonic generation microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960167. [PMID: 31975533 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polarization-resolved second-harmonic generation (P-SHG) microscopy is a technique capable of characterizing nonlinear optical properties of noncentrosymmetric biomaterials by extracting the nonlinear susceptibility tensor components ratio χzzz2'/χzxx2' , with z-axis parallel and x-axis perpendicular to the C6 symmetry axis of molecular fiber, such as a myofibril or a collagen fiber. In this paper, we present two P-SHG techniques based on incoming and outgoing circular polarization states for a fast extraction of χzzz2'/χzxx2' : A dual-shot configuration where the SHG circular anisotropy generated using incident right- and left-handed circularly-polarized light is measured; and a single-shot configuration for which the SHG circular anisotropy is measured using only one incident circular polarization state. These techniques are used to extract the χzzz2'/χzxx2' of myosin fibrils in the body wall muscles of Drosophila melanogaster larva. The results are in good agreement with values obtained from the double Stokes-Mueller polarimetry. The dual- and single-shot circular anisotropy measurements can be used for fast imaging that is independent of the in-plane orientation of the sample. They can be used for imaging of contracting muscles, or for high throughput imaging of large sample areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Golaraei
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lukas Kontenis
- Light Conversion, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Physics, Laser Research Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Abiramy Karunendiran
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bryan A Stewart
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Physics, Laser Research Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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21
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Golaraei A, Mostaço-Guidolin LB, Raja V, Navab R, Wang T, Sakashita S, Yasufuku K, Tsao MS, Wilson BC, Barzda V. Polarimetric second-harmonic generation microscopy of the hierarchical structure of collagen in stage I-III non-small cell lung carcinoma. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:1851-1863. [PMID: 32341852 PMCID: PMC7173881 DOI: 10.1364/boe.387744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Polarimetric second-harmonic generation (P-SHG) microscopy is used to quantify the structural alteration of collagen in stage-I,-II and -III non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) ex vivo tissue. The achiral and chiral molecular second-order susceptibility tensor components ratios (R and C, respectively), the degree of linear polarization (DLP) and the in-plane collagen fiber orientation (δ) were extracted. Further, texture analysis was performed on the SHG intensity, R, C, DLP and δ. The distributions of R, C, DLP and δ as well as the textural features of entropy, correlation and contrast show significant differences between normal and tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Golaraei
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St, Toronto, M5S 1A7, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd North, Mississauga, L5L 1C6, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College St, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Leila B. Mostaço-Guidolin
- Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Vaishnavi Raja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Roya Navab
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College St, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, 88 Stuart St, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Shingo Sakashita
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College St, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kazuhiro Yasufuku
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College St, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College St, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College St, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, 101 College St, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St, Toronto, M5S 1A7, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd North, Mississauga, L5L 1C6, Canada
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 10223, Lithuania
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Bouquiaux C, Tonnelé C, Castet F, Champagne B. Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of an Amphiphilic Dye Embedded in a Lipid Bilayer. A Combined Molecular Dynamics–Quantum Chemistry Study. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2101-2109. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b10988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Castet
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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23
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Rouède D, Schaub E, Bellanger JJ, Ezan F, Tiaho F. Wavy nature of collagen fibrils deduced from the dispersion of their second-order nonlinear optical anisotropy parameters ρ. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:4845-4858. [PMID: 32121716 DOI: 10.1364/oe.380089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
From P-SHG experiments, second-order nonlinear optical anisotropy parameters ρ = χZZZ/χZXX of collagen tissues are calculated assuming the same model of supercoiled collagen fibril characterized by a variable angle θ. Dispersion of experimental ρ values is converted into distribution of θ values based on the wavy nature of collagen fibrils deduced from EM studies. For tendon, the results show that the dispersion of experimental ρ values is mainly due to Poisson photonic shot noise assuming a slight fibrillar undulation with θ = 2.2° ± 1.8°. However for skin and vessels, the dispersion of experimental ρ values is mainly due to a stronger fibrillar undulation with θ = 16.2° ± 1.3°. The results highlight that this undulation is reduced during the development of liver fibrosis therefore, contributing to the rigidity of the tissue.
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Cavinato C, Badel P, Krasny W, Avril S, Morin C. Experimental Characterization of Adventitial Collagen Fiber Kinematics Using Second-Harmonic Generation Imaging Microscopy: Similarities and Differences Across Arteries, Species and Testing Conditions. MULTI-SCALE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX MECHANICS AND MECHANOBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-20182-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Fuentes-Corona CG, Licea-Rodriguez J, Younger R, Rangel-Rojo R, Potma EO, Rocha-Mendoza I. Second harmonic generation signal from type I collagen fibers grown in vitro. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:6449-6461. [PMID: 31853410 PMCID: PMC6913412 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.006449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a study of the optical second-order nonlinearity of type I collagen fibers grown in vitro via second harmonic generation (SHG) experiments and analyze the observed polarization-resolved SHG signal using previously reported SHG analytical expressions obtained for anisotropic tissue. Our results indicate that the effective second-order nonlinearity measured in the grown fibers is one order of magnitude lower than that of native collagen fibers. This is attributed to the formation of loose and dispersive fibrillar networks of thinner collagen fibrils that constitute the reassembled collagen fibers. This is confirmed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) imaging and the polarization dependence of the SHG signal. The measured values of the anisotropy parameter ρ of the reassembled collagen fibers are found to be similar to that obtained for native fibers on the relevant sub-µm scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Grethel Fuentes-Corona
- Departamento de Óptica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana, No. 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860 Ensenada B.C., Mexico
| | - Jacob Licea-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Óptica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana, No. 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860 Ensenada B.C., Mexico
- Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carr Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, C.I.C.E.S.E., 22860 Ensenada, B.C., Mexico
| | - Rebecca Younger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Raul Rangel-Rojo
- Departamento de Óptica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana, No. 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860 Ensenada B.C., Mexico
| | - Eric O Potma
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Israel Rocha-Mendoza
- Departamento de Óptica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana, No. 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860 Ensenada B.C., Mexico
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26
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El-Haddad MT, Tao YK. Non-contact characterization of compound optical elements using reflectance confocal microscopy, low-coherence interferometry, and computational ray-tracing. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17111. [PMID: 31745116 PMCID: PMC6864052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in microscopy have enabled us to see at unprecedented depths and resolutions, even breaking the diffraction-limit by several fold. These improvements have come at the expense of system complexity with microscopes routinely employing multiple objective lenses and custom optical relays. Optimal system design is paramount for imaging performance, but research systems are limited by the use of commercial components because optical prescriptions are often inaccessible. System performance can be further degraded when these components are implemented in nonstandard configurations outside of manufacturer specifications. Here, we describe a method for characterization of compound optical elements including curvatures, material and air-gap thicknesses, and glass types. We present validation data for doublets and a commercial broadband scan lens. Our method is both non-contact and non-destructive, and we believe it addresses a unique gap in optical design that may be extended to broad applications in both research and industrial manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T El-Haddad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Yuankai K Tao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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27
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Lim H. Harmonic Generation Microscopy 2.0: New Tricks Empowering Intravital Imaging for Neuroscience. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:99. [PMID: 31649934 PMCID: PMC6794408 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical harmonic generation, e.g., second- (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG), provides intrinsic contrasts for three-dimensional intravital microscopy. Contrary to two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), however, they have found relatively specialized applications, such as imaging collagenous and non-specific tissues, respectively. Here we review recent advances that broaden the capacity of SHG and THG for imaging the central nervous system in particular. The fundamental contrast mechanisms are reviewed as they encode novel information including molecular origin, spectroscopy, functional probes, and image analysis, which lay foundations for promising future applications in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsik Lim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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28
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Andreana M, Sentosa R, Erkkilä MT, Drexler W, Unterhuber A. Depth resolved label-free multimodal optical imaging platform to study morpho-molecular composition of tissue. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:997-1008. [PMID: 30882117 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00410b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging platforms offer a vast array of tissue information in a single image acquisition by combining complementary imaging techniques. By merging different systems, better tissue characterization can be achieved than is possible by the constituent imaging modalities alone. The combination of optical coherence tomography (OCT) with non-linear optical imaging (NLOI) techniques such as two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), second harmonic generation (SHG) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) provides access to detailed information of tissue structure and molecular composition in a fast, label-free and non-invasive manner. We introduce a multimodal label-free approach for morpho-molecular imaging and spectroscopy and validate the system in mouse skin demonstrating the potential of the system for colocalized acquisition of OCT and NLOI signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Andreana
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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29
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Van Gulick L, Saby C, Morjani H, Beljebbar A. Age-related changes in molecular organization of type I collagen in tendon as probed by polarized SHG and Raman microspectroscopy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7280. [PMID: 31086263 PMCID: PMC6513820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I Collagen is one of the most abundant proteins of the extracellular matrix of the most organs. During chronological aging or in diseases, type I collagen undergoes biochemical and structural changes which can impact biomechanical and physiological properties of organs. In this study, we have investigated the age-related changes in the molecular organization of type I collagen in rat tails tendon using polarized Raman spectroscopy. Our results show that Amide I, amide III as well as the bands related to proline and hydroxyproline are highly sensitive to polarization and age-related. On the other hand, 1453 and 1270 cm−1 do not show any preferential orientation. Depolarization and anisotropic ratios were used to provide information about the changes in orientation of collagen fibers with aging. The anisotropy degree of Raman bands increase from adult to old collagen, indicating a higher collagen fibers alignment to the fascicle backbone axis in old tendons, and consequently a higher straightness of collagen fibers. These data were correlated to those obtained using polarized second harmonic generation technique. Polarized Raman mapping showed a more homogeneous spatial distribution of collagen fibers alignment to the fascicle axis in old tendon. This confirms a higher straightness of collagen fiber with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Van Gulick
- BioSpectroscopie Translationnelle (BioSpecT), EA 7506, SFR CAP-Sante FED4231, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096, Reims, cedex, France
| | - Charles Saby
- BioSpectroscopie Translationnelle (BioSpecT), EA 7506, SFR CAP-Sante FED4231, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096, Reims, cedex, France
| | - Hamid Morjani
- BioSpectroscopie Translationnelle (BioSpecT), EA 7506, SFR CAP-Sante FED4231, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096, Reims, cedex, France
| | - Abdelilah Beljebbar
- BioSpectroscopie Translationnelle (BioSpecT), EA 7506, SFR CAP-Sante FED4231, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096, Reims, cedex, France.
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30
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Prieto SP, Reed CL, James HM, Quinn KP, Muldoon TJ. Differences in colonic crypt morphology of spontaneous and colitis-associated murine models via second harmonic generation imaging to quantify colon cancer development. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:428. [PMID: 31072353 PMCID: PMC6507102 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and increased risk in patients with ulcerative colitis (a subset of inflammatory bowel disease) has motivated studies into early markers of dysplasia. The development of clinically translatable multiphoton imaging systems has allowed for the potential of in vivo label-free imaging of epithelial crypt structures via autofluorescence and/or second harmonic generation (SHG). SHG has been used to investigate collagen structures in various types of cancer, though the changes that colorectal epithelial collagen structures undergo during tumor development, specifically colitis-associated tumors, have not been fully investigated. Methods This study used two murine models, using A/J mice, one for spontaneous carcinoma and one for colitis-associated carcinoma, to investigate and quantify SHG image features that could potentially inform future study designs of endoscopic multiphoton imaging systems. The spontaneous tumor model comprised a series of six weekly injections of azoxymethane (AOM model). The colitis-associated tumor model comprised a single injection of AOM, followed by cycles of drinking water with dissolved dextran sodium sulfate salt (AOM-DSS model). SHG images of freshly resected murine colon were acquired with a multiphoton imaging system, and image features, such as crypt size, shape and distribution, were quantified using an automated algorithm. Results The comparison of quantified features of crypt morphology demonstrated the ability of our quantitative image feature algorithms to detect differences between spontaneous (AOM model) and colitis-associated (AOM-DSS model) murine colorectal tissue specimens. There were statistically significant differences in the mean and standard deviation of nearest neighbor (distance between crypts) and circularity between the Control cohort, AOM and AOM-DSS cohorts. We also saw significance between AOM and AOM-DSS cohorts when calculating nearest neighbor in images acquired at fixed depths. Conclusion The results provide insight into the ability of SHG imaging to yield relevant data about the crypt microstructure in colorectal epithelium, specifically the potential to distinguish between spontaneous and colitis-associated murine models using quantification of crypt shape and distribution, informing future design of translational multiphoton imaging systems and protocols. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5639-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra P Prieto
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Cassandra L Reed
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Haley M James
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Kyle P Quinn
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Timothy J Muldoon
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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31
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Dudenkova VV, Shirmanova MV, Lukina MM, Feldshtein FI, Virkin A, Zagainova EV. Examination of Collagen Structure and State by the Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:S89-S107. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919140062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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32
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Tokarz D, Cisek R, Joseph A, Golaraei A, Mirsanaye K, Krouglov S, Asa SL, Wilson BC, Barzda V. Characterization of Pancreatic Cancer Tissue Using Multiphoton Excitation Fluorescence and Polarization-Sensitive Harmonic Generation Microscopy. Front Oncol 2019; 9:272. [PMID: 31058080 PMCID: PMC6478795 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin tissue sections of normal and tumorous pancreatic tissues stained with hematoxylin and eosin were investigated using multiphoton excitation fluorescence (MPF), second harmonic generation (SHG), and third harmonic generation (THG) microscopies. The cytoplasm, connective tissue, collagen and extracellular structures are visualized with MPF due to the eosin stain, whereas collagen is imaged with endogenous SHG contrast that does not require staining. Cellular structures, including membranous interfaces and nuclear components, are seen with THG due to the aggregation of hematoxylin dye. Changes in the collagen ultrastructure in pancreatic cancer were investigated by a polarization-sensitive SHG microscopy technique, polarization-in, polarization-out (PIPO) SHG. This involves measuring the orientation of the linear polarization of the SHG signal as a function of the linear polarization orientation of the incident laser radiation. From the PIPO SHG data, the second-order non-linear optical susceptibility ratio, χ(2) zzz '/χ(2) zxx ', was obtained that serves as a structural parameter for characterizing the tissue. Furthermore, by assuming C6 symmetry, an additional second-order non-linear optical susceptibility ratio, χ(2) xyz '/χ(2) zxx ', was obtained, which is a measure of the chirality of the collagen fibers. Statistically-significant differences in the χ(2) zzz '/χ(2) zxx ' values were found between tumor and normal pancreatic tissues in periductal, lobular, and parenchymal regions, whereas statistically-significant differences in the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of χ(2) xyz '/χ(2) zxx ' occurrence histograms were found between tumor and normal pancreatic tissues in periductal and parenchymal regions. Additionally, the PIPO SHG data were used to determine the degree of linear polarization (DOLP) of the SHG signal, which indicates the relative linear depolarization of the signal. Statistically-significant differences in DOLP values were found between tumor and normal pancreatic tissues in periductal and parenchymal regions. Hence, the differences observed in the χ(2) zzz '/χ(2) zxx ' values, the FWHM of χ(2) xyz '/χ(2) zxx ' values and the DOLP values could potentially be used to aid pathologists in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Tokarz
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Richard Cisek
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ariana Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ahmad Golaraei
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kamdin Mirsanaye
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Serguei Krouglov
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Sylvia L. Asa
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Understanding the cellular basis of human health and disease requires the spatial resolution of microscopy and the molecular-level details provided by spectroscopy. This review highlights imaging methods at the intersection of microscopy and spectroscopy with applications in cell biology. Imaging methods are divided into three broad categories: fluorescence microscopy, label-free approaches, and imaging tools that can be applied to multiple imaging modalities. Just as these imaging methods allow researchers to address new biological questions, progress in biological sciences will drive the development of new imaging methods. We highlight four topics in cell biology that illustrate the need for new imaging tools: nanoparticle-cell interactions, intracellular redox chemistry, neuroscience, and the increasing use of spheroids and organoids. Overall, our goal is to provide a brief overview of individual imaging methods and highlight recent advances in the use of microscopy for cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Morris
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, Georgia 30043, USA
| | - Christine K Payne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA;
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Mansfield JC, Mandalia V, Toms A, Winlove CP, Brasselet S. Collagen reorganization in cartilage under strain probed by polarization sensitive second harmonic generation microscopy. J R Soc Interface 2019; 16:20180611. [PMID: 30958161 PMCID: PMC6364654 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type II collagen fibril diameters in cartilage are beneath the diffraction limit of optical microscopy, which makes the assessment of collagen organization very challenging. In this work we use polarization sensitive second harmonic generation (P-SHG) imaging to map collagen organization in articular cartilage, addressing in particular its behaviour under strain and changes which occur in osteoarthritis. P-SHG yields two parameters, molecular order and orientation, which provide measures of the degree of organization both at the molecular scale (below the diffraction limit) and above a few hundred nanometres (at the image pixel size). P-SHG clearly demonstrates the zonal collagen architecture and reveals differences in the structure of the fibrils around chondrocytes. P-SHG also reveals sub-micron scale fibril re-organization in cartilage strips exposed to tensile loading, with an increase in local organization in the superficial zone which weakly correlates with tensile modulus. Finally, P-SHG is used to investigate osteoarthritic cartilage from total knee replacement surgery, and reveals widespread heterogeneity across samples both microscale fibril orientations and their sub-micron organization. By addressing collagen fibril structure on scales intermediate between conventional light and electron microscopy, this study provides new insights into collagen micromechanics and mechanisms of degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Mansfield
- Physics, College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Vipul Mandalia
- Princess Elizabeth Orthopaedic Centre, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Andrew Toms
- Princess Elizabeth Orthopaedic Centre, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - C. Peter Winlove
- Physics, College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Sophie Brasselet
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
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35
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Abstract
We review recent work on property decomposition techniques using quantum chemical methods and discuss some topical applications in terms of quantum mechanics-molecular mechanics calculations and the constructing of properties of large molecules and clusters. Starting out from the so-called LoProp decomposition scheme [Gagliardi et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2004, 121, 4994] for extracting atomic and inter-atomic contributions to molecular properties we show how this method can be generalized to localized frequency-dependent polarizabilities, to localized hyperpolarizabilities and to localized dispersion coefficients. Some applications of the generalized decomposition technique are reviewed - calculations of frequency-dependent polarizabilities, Rayleigh scattering of large clusters, and calculations of hyperpolarizabilities of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Ågren
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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36
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Golaraei A, Mirsanaye K, Ro Y, Krouglov S, Akens MK, Wilson BC, Barzda V. Collagen chirality and three-dimensional orientation studied with polarimetric second-harmonic generation microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800241. [PMID: 30288949 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Polarization-dependent second-harmonic generation (P-SHG) microscopy is used to characterize molecular nonlinear optical properties of collagen and determine a three-dimensional (3D) orientation map of collagen fibers within a pig tendon. C6 symmetry is used to determine the nonlinear susceptibility tensor components ratios in the molecular frame of reference χzzz2/χzxx2 and χxyz2/χzxx2 , where the latter is a newly extracted parameter from the P-SHG images and is related to the chiral structure of collagen. The χxyz2/χzxx2 is observed for collagen fibers tilted out of the image plane, and can have positive or negative values, revealing the relative polarity of collagen fibers within the tissue. The P-SHG imaging was performed using a linear polarization-in polarization-out (PIPO) method on thin sections of pig tendon cut at different angles. The nonlinear chiral properties of collagen can be used to construct the 3D organization of collagen in the tissue and determine the orientation-independent molecular susceptibility ratios of collagen fibers in the molecular frame of reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Golaraei
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kamdin Mirsanaye
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yeji Ro
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Serguei Krouglov
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margarete K Akens
- Techna Institute, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian C Wilson
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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Baskey SJ, Andreana M, Lanteigne E, Ridsdale A, Stolow A, Schweitzer ME. Pre-Clinical Translation of Second Harmonic Microscopy of Meniscal and Articular Cartilage Using a Prototype Nonlinear Microendoscope. IEEE JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE-JTEHM 2018; 7:1800211. [PMID: 30701146 PMCID: PMC6342420 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2018.2889496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies using nonlinear microscopy have demonstrated that osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the gradual replacement of Type II collagen with Type I collagen. The objective of this study was to develop a prototype nonlinear laser scanning microendoscope capable of resolving the structural differences of collagen in various orthopaedically relevant cartilaginous surfaces. The current prototype developed a miniaturized femtosecond laser scanning instrument, mounted on an articulated positioning system, capable of both conventional arthroscopy and second-harmonic laser-scanning microscopy. Its optical system includes a multi-resolution optical system using a gradient index objective lens and a customized multi-purpose fiber optic sheath to maximize the collection of backscattered photons or provide joint capsule illumination. The stability and suitability of the prototype arthroscope to approach and image cartilage were evaluated through preliminary testing on fresh, minimally processed, and partially intact porcine knee joints. Image quality was sufficient to distinguish between hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage through unique Type I and Type II collagen-specific characteristics. Imaging the meniscus revealed that the system was able to visualize differences in the collagen arrangement between the superficial and lamellar layers. Such detailed in vivo imaging of the cartilage surfaces could obviate the need to perform biopsies for ex vivo histological analysis in the future, and provide an alternative to conventional external imaging to characterize and diagnose progressive and degenerative cartilage diseases such as OA. Moreover, this system is readily customizable and may provide a suitable and modular platform for developing additional tools utilizing femtosecond lasers for tissue cutting within the familiar confines of two or three portal arthroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Baskey
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1H 8M5Canada.,Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N 6N5Canada.,Emerging Technologies Division, Molecular Photonics GroupNational Research Council CanadaOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada
| | - Marco Andreana
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of Vienna1090ViennaAustria
| | - Eric Lanteigne
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N 6N5Canada
| | - Andrew Ridsdale
- Emerging Technologies Division, Molecular Photonics GroupNational Research Council CanadaOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada
| | - Albert Stolow
- Emerging Technologies Division, Molecular Photonics GroupNational Research Council CanadaOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada.,Department of PhysicsUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N 6N5Canada.,Department of ChemistryUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N 6N5Canada
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38
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de Jesus Palacios-Rodríguez A, Flores-Moreno M, Edith Castellano L, Carriles R, Quintero-Ortega I, Murguía-Pérez M, Cruz G, Vargas-Mancilla J, Vega-González A, Mendoza-Novelo B. Effect of varying the crosslinking degree of a pericardial implant with oligourethane on the repair of a rat full-thickness abdominal wall defect. J Biomater Appl 2018; 33:903-914. [PMID: 30526211 DOI: 10.1177/0885328218817890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The stability and bioactivity of biologic implants rely mainly on the control of the crosslinking process of collagen. However, the most common methods have no control on the crosslinking degree producing it excessively. This study outlines the role of crosslinking of collagen-based implants with oligourethane on the host response following reconstruction of a rat full-thickness abdominal wall defect. We decellularized and crosslinked bovine pericardial tissue to achieve two crosslinking degrees. For the decellularized implants, named as non-crosslinked (N-CL), the collagen-amines were 0.42 ± 0.02 mmol/mg. Crosslinking by the oligourethane reduced the primary amine concentration to 0.28 ± 0.01 and 0.19 ± 0.01 mmol/mg; these values were classified as low (∼30%, L-CL) and medium crosslinking (∼50%, M-CL), respectively. By imaging the implants using second harmonic generation microscopy, we observed undulated bundles of collagen fibers organized in multi-directed layers localized in N-CL and L-CL samples. Post-implantation, a negligible change in the organization of collagen fibers in the crosslinked implants was observed, suggesting that the in vivo biodegradation was delayed. An enlargement of the implant area was also observed, without rupture, in all three (N-CL, L-CL, M-CL) materials, whereas adhesion to the omentum, but not to the bowel, was observed. The number of blood vessels after 90-day implantation in N-CL and L-CL was 13 ± 1 and 12 ± 1 per field, respectively, while the number significantly decreased to 2 ± 1 in M-CL. The results suggest that the controlled degree of crosslinking in oligourethane-modified biologic implants can be used as a strategy to balance biodegradation and remodeling in surgical repair of soft tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ramón Carriles
- 2 Centro de Investigaciones en Optica AC, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Iraís Quintero-Ortega
- 1 División de Ciencias Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, León Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Guillermo Cruz
- 4 Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac, Mexico, EDOMEX
| | | | - Arturo Vega-González
- 1 División de Ciencias Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, León Guanajuato, Mexico
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Hutson HN, Kujawa C, Eliceiri K, Campagnola P, Masters KS. Impact of tissue preservation on collagen fiber architecture. Biotech Histochem 2018; 94:134-144. [PMID: 30354688 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1530373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Microarchitectural features of collagen-rich extracellular matrices provide the mechanical foundation for tissue function and exhibit topographical cues that influence cellular behavior including proliferation, migration and protein expression. Preservation of tissue microarchitecture is required for accurate evaluation of tissue characteristics and pathology. It is unclear whether common tissue preservation methods possess equal ability to preserve microarchitecture. We investigated collagen microarchitecture in samples that had been flash frozen, fixed in formalin or preserved in RNAlater®, and which contained both collagen-rich and collagen-sparse regions. Fibrillar collagen organization was characterized using picrosirius red staining and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. Maintenance of collagen fiber characteristics compared to the gold standard of flash freezing depended on both the method of preservation and the local collagen content of the tissue. Both formalin fixation and RNAlater® preserved collagen fiber characteristics similar to flash freezing in collagen-rich areas of the tissue, but not in collagen-sparse regions. Analysis using picrosirius red staining indicated preservation-dependent changes in overall tissue architecture and suprafibrillar organization. Together with considerations of cost, ease of use, storage conditions and ability to use the preserved tissue for RNA or protein analysis, our quantitative characterization of the effects of preservation method on collagen microarchitecture may help investigators select the most appropriate preservation approach for their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Hutson
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| | - C Kujawa
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| | - K Eliceiri
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA.,b Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| | - P Campagnola
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| | - K S Masters
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
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van der Kolk JN, Bancelin S, Kioulos C, Lesina AC, Légaré F, Ramunno L. Effect of refractive index mismatch on forward-to-backward ratios in SHG imaging. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:5082-5085. [PMID: 30320824 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.005082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical imaging in the epi-direction is used to image subresolution features. We find that a refractive index mismatch between the object to be imaged and the background medium can change the far-field intensity image. As an example, we study second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy where the forward-to-backward (F/B) ratio is used to quantify subresolution features. We show both theoretically and experimentally that the inhomogeneous refractive index in collagen tendon tissue creates near-field effects, which can change the F/B ratio by ∼20%-25%, even though the effect is negligible for most of the individual fibrils in the tissue. This is caused by the sensitivity of the backward signal on phase matching conditions.
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41
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Lin P, Liu X, Wang S, Li X, Song Y, Li L, Cai S, Wang X, Chen J. Diagnosing pituitary adenoma in unstained sections based on multiphoton microscopy. Pituitary 2018; 21:362-370. [PMID: 29594837 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-018-0882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE If we can find a new method that can achieve rapid diagnosis of adenoma during operation, it will help surgeon shorten the operation time and enhance the treatment efficacy. This study discusses the feasibility of multiphoton microscopy (MPM) in diagnosing pituitary adenoma. METHOD MPM, based on two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) is performed for the diagnosis of pituitary adenoma in unstained sections. RESULTS Our results show that MPM can reveal the variation of reticulin fiber by SHG signals of collagen, combined with the measurement of area of acinus, thickness of collagen fiber and collagen percentage. MPM can further reflect the change of meshwork in normal pituitary and hyperplasia quantitatively. And the characteristics of typical growth patterns of pituitary adenoma are demonstrated by the overlay of SHG and TPEF images. What's more, we can identify the boundary of normal pituitary, hyperplasia and adenoma from MPM images. And the experiment also results verify the feasibility of this method in frozen sections. CONCLUSION These results indicated that MPM can make a diagnosis of pituitary adenoma by the morphological changes without routine pathological processing including hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and other special staining. Therefore, this technique is expected to help diagnosis of pituitary adenoma during operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihua Lin
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankun Song
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianhuang Li
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Cai
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfu Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.
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42
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Lin H, Lin L, Wang G, Zuo N, Zhan Z, Xie S, Chen G, Chen J, Zhuo S. Label-free classification of hepatocellular-carcinoma grading using second harmonic generation microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:3783-3793. [PMID: 30338155 PMCID: PMC6191614 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.003783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The clear and accurate understanding of the degree of hepatocellular-carcinoma (HCC) differentiation plays a key role in the determination of the patient prognosis and development of a treatment plan by the clinician. However, label-free and automated classification of the HCC grading is challenging. Here, we demonstrate second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy for label-free classification of HCC grading in paraffin-embedded specimens. A total of 217 images from 113 patients were obtained using SHG microscopy, and the SHG signals from the collagen within the tumor were analyzed using feature extraction and selection, the Mann-Whitney test, and the receiver operating characteristic curves. The results exhibit good correlation between the software analysis and the diagnosis by experienced pathologists. Combining the image features and clinical information, an adaptive quantification algorithm is generated for automatically determining the HCC grade. The results suggest that SHG microscopy might be a promising automated diagnostic method for clinical use, without requiring time for tissue processing and staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Lin
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Liyan Lin
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Guangxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ning Zuo
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Zhenlin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Shusen Xie
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Shuangmu Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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43
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Khadria A, Fleischhauer J, Boczarow I, Wilkinson JD, Kohl MM, Anderson HL. Porphyrin Dyes for Nonlinear Optical Imaging of Live Cells. iScience 2018; 4:153-163. [PMID: 30240737 PMCID: PMC6147020 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG)-based probes are useful for nonlinear optical imaging of biological structures, such as the plasma membrane. Several amphiphilic porphyrin-based dyes with high SHG coefficients have been synthesized with different hydrophilic head groups, and their cellular targeting has been studied. The probes with cationic head groups localize better at the plasma membrane than the neutral probes with zwitterionic or non-charged ethylene glycol-based head groups. Porphyrin dyes with only dications as hydrophilic head groups localize inside HEK293T cells to give SHG, whereas tricationic dyes localize robustly at the plasma membrane of cells, including neurons, in vitro and ex vivo. The copper(II) complex of the tricationic dye with negligible fluorescence quantum yield works as an SHG-only dye. The free-base tricationic dye has been demonstrated for two-photon fluorescence and SHG-based multimodal imaging. This study demonstrates the importance of a balance between the hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of amphiphilic dyes for effective plasma membrane localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjul Khadria
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jan Fleischhauer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Igor Boczarow
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - James D Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Michael M Kohl
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Harry L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
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Heiner Z, Zeise I, Elbaum R, Kneipp J. Insight into plant cell wall chemistry and structure by combination of multiphoton microscopy with Raman imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700164. [PMID: 29024576 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous Raman scattering microspectroscopy, second harmonic generation (SHG) and 2-photon excited fluorescence (2PF) were used in combination to characterize the morphology together with the chemical composition of the cell wall in native plant tissues. As the data obtained with unstained sections of Sorghum bicolor root and leaf tissues illustrate, nonresonant as well as pre-resonant Raman microscopy in combination with hyperspectral analysis reveals details about the distribution and composition of the major cell wall constituents. Multivariate analysis of the Raman data allows separation of different tissue regions, specifically the endodermis, xylem and lumen. The orientation of cellulose microfibrils is obtained from polarization-resolved SHG signals. Furthermore, 2-photon autofluorescence images can be used to image lignification. The combined compositional, morphological and orientational information in the proposed coupling of SHG, Raman imaging and 2PF presents an extension of existing vibrational microspectroscopic imaging and multiphoton microscopic approaches not only for plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Heiner
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- SALSA School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingrid Zeise
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rivka Elbaum
- The Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Janina Kneipp
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- SALSA School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Crisafi F, Kumar V, Perri A, Marangoni M, Cerullo G, Polli D. Multimodal nonlinear microscope based on a compact fiber-format laser source. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 188:135-140. [PMID: 28709138 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present a multimodal non-linear optical (NLO) laser-scanning microscope, based on a compact fiber-format excitation laser and integrating coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and two-photon-excitation fluorescence (TPEF) on a single platform. We demonstrate its capabilities in simultaneously acquiring CARS and SRS images of a blend of 6-μm poly(methyl methacrylate) beads and 3-μm polystyrene beads. We then apply it to visualize cell walls and chloroplast of an unprocessed fresh leaf of Elodea aquatic plant via SRS and TPEF modalities, respectively. The presented NLO microscope, developed in house using off-the-shelf components, offers full accessibility to the optical path and ensures its easy re-configurability and flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Crisafi
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vikas Kumar
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Perri
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Marangoni
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Dario Polli
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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A new mode of contrast in biological second harmonic generation microscopy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13331. [PMID: 29042656 PMCID: PMC5645342 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13752-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced image contrast in biological second harmonic imaging microscopy (SHIM) has previously been reported via quantitative assessments of forward- to epi-generated signal intensity ratio and by polarization analysis. Here we demonstrate a new form of contrast: the material-specific, wavelength-dependence of epi-generated second harmonic generation (SHG) excitation efficiency, and discriminate collagen and myosin by ratiometric epi-generated SHG images at 920 nm and 860 nm. Collagen shows increased SHG intensity at 920 nm, while little difference is detected between the two for myosin; allowing SHIM to characterize different SHG-generating components within a complex biological sample. We propose that momentum-space mapping of the second-order non-linear structure factor is the source of this contrast and develop a model for the forward and epi-generated SHG wavelength-dependence. Our model demonstrates that even very small changes in the assumed material fibrillar structure can produce large changes in the wavelength-dependency of epi-generated SHG. However, in the case of forward SHG, although the same changes impact upon absolute intensity at a given wavelength, they have very little effect on wavelength-dependency beyond the expected monotonic fall. We also propose that this difference between forward and epi-generated SHG provides an explanation for many of the wavelength-dependency discrepancies in the published literature.
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Three-Dimensional Geometry of Collagenous Tissues by Second Harmonic Polarimetry. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2642. [PMID: 28572577 PMCID: PMC5453962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen is a biological macromolecule capable of second harmonic generation, allowing label-free detection in tissues; in addition, molecular orientation can be determined from the polarization dependence of the second harmonic signal. Previously we reported that in-plane orientation of collagen fibrils could be determined by modulating the polarization angle of the laser during scanning. We have now extended this method so that out-of-plane orientation angles can be determined at the same time, allowing visualization of the 3-dimensional structure of collagenous tissues. This approach offers advantages compared with other methods for determining out-of-plane orientation. First, the orientation angles are directly calculated from the polarimetry data obtained in a single scan, while other reported methods require data from multiple scans, use of iterative optimization methods, application of fitting algorithms, or extensive post-optical processing. Second, our method does not require highly specialized instrumentation, and thus can be adapted for use in almost any nonlinear optical microscopy setup. It is suitable for both basic and clinical applications. We present three-dimensional images of structurally complex collagenous tissues that illustrate the power of such 3-dimensional analyses to reveal the architecture of biological structures.
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Zhao Y, Thu Hien KT, Mizutani G, Rutt HN, Amornwachirabodee K, Okajima M, Kaneko T. Optical second-harmonic images of sacran megamolecule aggregates. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2017; 34:146-152. [PMID: 28157840 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.34.000146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We have detected a second-order nonlinear optical response from aggregates of the ampholytic megamolecular polysaccharide sacran extracted from cyanobacterial biomaterials by using optical second-harmonic-generation (SHG) microscopy. The SHG images of sacran cotton-like lump, fibers, and cast films showed SHG intensity microspots of several tens of micrometers in size. The dependence of the SHG spot intensity on an excitation light polarization angle was observed to illustrate sacran molecular orientation in these microdomains. We also observed SHG signals around a special region of the cast film edges of sacran. These results show that sacran megamolecules aggregate in several different ways.
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Bower AJ, Chidester B, Li J, Zhao Y, Marjanovic M, Chaney EJ, Do MN, Boppart SA. A quantitative framework for the analysis of multimodal optical microscopy images. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2017; 7:24-37. [PMID: 28275557 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2017.02.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimodal optical microscopy, a set of imaging techniques based on unique, yet complementary contrast mechanisms and spatially and temporally co-registered data acquisition, has emerged as a powerful biomedical tool. However, the analysis of the dense, high-dimensional datasets acquired by these instruments remains mostly qualitative and restricted to analysis of each modality individually. METHODS Using a custom-built multimodal nonlinear optical microscope, high dimensional datasets were acquired for automated classification of functional cell states as well as identification of histopathological features in tissues slices. Supervised classification of cell death modes was performed through support vector machines (SVM) and semi-supervised classification of tissue slices was performed through the use of the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. RESULTS Applications of these techniques to the automated classification of cell death modes as well as to the identification of tissue components in fixed ex vivo tissue slices are presented. The analysis techniques developed provide a direct link between multimodal image contrast and biological structure and function, resulting in highly accurate classification in both settings. CONCLUSIONS Quantification of multimodal optical microscopy images through statistical modeling of the high dimensional data acquired gives a strong correlation between biological structure and function and image contrast. These methods are sensitive to the identification of diagnostic, cellular-level features important in a variety of clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Bower
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Benjamin Chidester
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joanne Li
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Youbo Zhao
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Eric J Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Minh N Do
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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SHG-specificity of cellular Rootletin filaments enables naïve imaging with universal conservation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39967. [PMID: 28059168 PMCID: PMC5216331 DOI: 10.1038/srep39967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite growing demand for truly naïve imaging, label-free observation of cilium-related structure remains challenging, and validation of the pertinent molecules is correspondingly difficult. In this study, in retinas and cultured cells, we distinctively visualized Rootletin filaments in rootlets in the second harmonic generation (SHG) channel, integrated in custom coherent nonlinear optical microscopy (CNOM) with a simple, compact, and ultra-broadband supercontinuum light source. This SHG signal was primarily detected on rootlets of connecting cilia in the retinal photoreceptor and was validated by colocalization with anti-Rootletin staining. Transfection of cells with Rootletin fragments revealed that the SHG signal can be ascribed to filaments assembled from the R234 domain, but not to cross-striations assembled from the R123 domain. Consistent with this, Rootletin-depleted cells lacked SHG signal expected as centrosome linker. As a proof of concept, we confirmed that similar fibrous SHG was observed even in unicellular ciliates. These findings have potential for broad applications in clinical diagnosis and biophysical experiments with various organisms.
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