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Kraus S, Lehner B, Reichhart N, Couillard-Despres S, Wagner K, Bogdahn U, Aigner L, Strauß O. Transforming growth factor-β1 primes proliferating adult neural progenitor cells to electrophysiological functionality. Glia 2013; 61:1767-83. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.22551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Kraus
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Eye Clinic; University Medical Center Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
| | - Bernadette Lehner
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
| | - Nadine Reichhart
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Eye Clinic; University Medical Center Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology; Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Sebastien Couillard-Despres
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
| | - Katrin Wagner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
| | - Ulrich Bogdahn
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
| | - Olaf Strauß
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Eye Clinic; University Medical Center Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology; Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
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Cervelli M, Bellavia G, D'Amelio M, Cavallucci V, Moreno S, Berger J, Nardacci R, Marcoli M, Maura G, Piacentini M, Amendola R, Cecconi F, Mariottini P. A New Transgenic Mouse Model for Studying the Neurotoxicity of Spermine Oxidase Dosage in the Response to Excitotoxic Injury. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64810. [PMID: 23840306 PMCID: PMC3686797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermine oxidase is a FAD-containing enzyme involved in polyamines catabolism, selectively oxidizing spermine to produce H2O2, spermidine, and 3-aminopropanal. Spermine oxidase is highly expressed in the mouse brain and plays a key role in regulating the levels of spermine, which is involved in protein synthesis, cell division and cell growth. Spermine is normally released by neurons at synaptic sites where it exerts a neuromodulatory function, by specifically interacting with different types of ion channels, and with ionotropic glutamate receptors. In order to get an insight into the neurobiological roles of spermine oxidase and spermine, we have deregulated spermine oxidase gene expression producing and characterizing the transgenic mouse model JoSMOrec, conditionally overexpressing the enzyme in the neocortex. We have investigated the effects of spermine oxidase overexpression in the mouse neocortex by transcript accumulation, immunohistochemical analysis, enzymatic assays and polyamine content in young and aged animals. Transgenic JoSMOrec mice showed in the neocortex a higher H2O2 production in respect to Wild-Type controls, indicating an increase of oxidative stress due to SMO overexpression. Moreover, the response of transgenic mice to excitotoxic brain injury, induced by kainic acid injection, was evaluated by analysing the behavioural phenotype, the immunodistribution of neural cell populations, and the ultrastructural features of neocortical neurons. Spermine oxidase overexpression and the consequently altered polyamine levels in the neocortex affects the cytoarchitecture in the adult and aging brain, as well as after neurotoxic insult. It resulted that the transgenic JoSMOrec mouse line is more sensitive to KA than Wild-Type mice, indicating an important role of spermine oxidase during excitotoxicity. These results provide novel evidences of the complex and critical functions carried out by spermine oxidase and spermine in the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcello D'Amelio
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroembryology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Virve Cavallucci
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroembryology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Moreno
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università “Roma Tre,” Rome, Italy
| | - Joachim Berger
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Roberta Nardacci
- Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive, IRCCS “L. Spallanzani,” Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Sez. Farmacologia e Tossicologia, Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica CEBR, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Guido Maura
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Sez. Farmacologia e Tossicologia, Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica CEBR, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive, IRCCS “L. Spallanzani,” Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Amendola
- Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), Il Centro Ricerche Casaccia, Sezione Tossicologia e Scienze Biomediche (BAS-BIOTECMED), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroembryology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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Dell'agnello C, Leo S, Agostino A, Szabadkai G, Tiveron C, Zulian A, Prelle A, Roubertoux P, Rizzuto R, Zeviani M. Increased longevity and refractoriness to Ca(2+)-dependent neurodegeneration in Surf1 knockout mice. Hum Mol Genet 2007; 16:431-44. [PMID: 17210671 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddl477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leigh syndrome associated with cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency is a mitochondrial disorder usually caused by mutations of SURF1, a gene encoding a putative COX assembly factor. We present here a Surf1-/- recombinant mouse obtained by inserting a loxP sequence in the open reading frame of the gene. The frequency of -/-, +/+ and +/- genotypes in newborn mice followed a mendelian distribution, indicating that the ablation of Surf1 is compatible with postnatal survival. The biochemical and assembly COX defect was present in Surf1(loxP)-/- mice, but milder than in humans. Surprisingly, not only these animals failed to show spontaneous neurodegeneration at any age, but they also displayed markedly prolonged lifespan, and complete protection from Ca(2+)-dependent neurotoxicity induced by kainic acid. Experiments on primary neuronal cultures showed markedly reduced rise of cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca(2+) in Surf1(loxP)-/- neurons, and reduced mortality, compared to controls. The mitochondrial membrane potential was unchanged in KO versus wild-type neurons, suggesting that the effects of the ablation of Surf1 on Ca(2+) homeostasis, and possibly on longevity, may be independent, at least in part, from those on COX assembly and mitochondrial bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Dell'agnello
- Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, Pierfranco and Luisa Mariani Center for the Study of Children's Mitochondrial Disorders, National Neurological Institute 'C. Besta', Milano, Italy
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Jin S, Yang J, Lee WL, Wong PT. Crucial role of kainate receptors in mediating striatal kainate injection-induced decrease in acetylcholine M(1) receptor binding in rat forebrain. Brain Res 2000; 882:128-38. [PMID: 11056192 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the roles of kainate-, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-propionate (AMPA)- and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptors in mediating striatal kainate injection-induced decrease in the binding of acetylcholine M(1) receptors in rat forebrain. After unilateral intrastriatal injection of kainate (4 nmol), the bindings of [3H]kainate (10 nM), [3H]MK-801 (4 nM) and [3H]pirenzepine (4 nM) to the rat ipsilateral forebrain membranes declined, reaching the lowest on day 2 to 4 and recovering on day 8. Saturation binding studies, performed on day 2 post-injection, showed that kainate (1, 2, 4 nmol) dose-dependently decreased B(max) and K(d) of the three ligands. (+)-5-Methyl-10, 11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine (MK-801), a selective NMDA receptor channel blocker, antagonised (from a dose of 4 nmol) kainate-induced decreases in the bindings of [3H]kainate (up to approximately 20%), [3H]MK-801 (up to approximately 90%) and [3H]pirenzepine (up to approximately 70%). In contrast, 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), a selective non-NMDA receptor antagonist, almost completely abolished (from a dose of 12 nmol) kainate-induced decreases in the bindings of all the three ligands (up to approximately 95-98%). Cyclothiazide, a selective potentiator that enhances AMPA receptor-mediated responses, significantly enhanced (from a dose of 4 nmol) kainate-induced decrease in the binding of [3H]kainate but not that of [3H]pirenzepine or [3H]MK-801. In summary, these results indicate that striatal kainate injection-induced decrease in the binding of acetylcholine M(1) receptors in rat forebrain is dependent on activation of kainate receptors and, to a certain extent, a consequent involvement of NMDA receptors. These and previous studies provide some evidence showing that kainate receptors might play a crucial role in regulating excitatory amino acids (EAA)-modulated cholinergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS).
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MESH Headings
- 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione/pharmacology
- Animals
- Corpus Striatum/drug effects
- Dizocilpine Maleate/metabolism
- Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists/pharmacology
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology
- Kainic Acid/metabolism
- Kainic Acid/pharmacology
- Male
- Pirenzepine/metabolism
- Prosencephalon/drug effects
- Prosencephalon/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Muscarinic M1
- Receptors, AMPA/drug effects
- Receptors, AMPA/metabolism
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/drug effects
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/metabolism
- Receptors, Muscarinic/drug effects
- Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The National University of Singapore, MD2, 18 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore, Singapore.
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