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Miao Q, Jiang H, Gao L, Cheng Y, Xu J, Fu X, Gao X. Rheological Properties of Five Plant Gums. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2018.94017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Scoparo CT, Souza LM, Dartora N, Sassaki GL, Santana-Filho AP, Werner MFP, Borato DG, Baggio CH, Iacomini M. Chemical characterization of heteropolysaccharides from green and black teas (Camellia sinensis) and their anti-ulcer effect. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 86:772-81. [PMID: 26861826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In order to obtain polysaccharides from green and black teas (Camellia sinensis), commercial leaves were submitted to infusion and then to alkaline extraction. The extracts were fractionated by freeze-thawing process, giving insoluble and soluble fractions. Complex arabinogalactan protein from the soluble fractions of both teas (GTPS and BTPS) were determined by methylation analysis and (1)H/(13)C-HSQC spectroscopy, showing a main chain of (1→3)-β-Galp, substituted at O-6 by (1→6)-linked β-Galp with side chains of α-Araf and terminal units of α-Araf, α-Fucp and α-Rhap. A highly branched heteroxylan from the insoluble fractions (GTPI and BTPI) showed in methylation analysis and (1)H/(13)C-HSQC spectroscopy the main chain of (1→4)-β-Xylp, substituted in O-3 by α-Araf, β-Galp and α-Glcp units. Evaluating their gastroprotective activity, the fractions containing the soluble heteropolysaccharides from green (GTPS) and black teas (BTPS) reduced the gastric lesions induced by ethanol. Furthermore, the fraction of insoluble heteropolysaccharides of green (GTPI) and black (BTPI) teas also protected the gastric mucosa. In addition, the maintenance of gastric mucus and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels was involved in the polysaccharides gastroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila T Scoparo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lauro M Souza
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdade Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Nessana Dartora
- Department of Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, State University of Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Sassaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes P Santana-Filho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda P Werner
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Débora G Borato
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Baggio
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Marcello Iacomini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Simas-Tosin FF, Barraza RR, Maria-Ferreira D, Werner MFDP, Baggio CH, Wagner R, Smiderle FR, Carbonero ER, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M, Gorin PAJ. Glucuronoarabinoxylan from coconut palm gum exudate: chemical structure and gastroprotective effect. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 107:65-71. [PMID: 24702919 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A glucuronoarabinoxylan (CNAL) was extracted with 1% aq. KOH (25°C) from Cocos nucifera gum exudate. It had a homogeneous profile on HPSEC-MALLS-RI (Mw 4.6 × 10(4)g/mol) and was composed of Fuc, Ara, Xyl, GlcpA (and 4-O-GlcpA) in a 7:28:62:3 molar ratio. Methylation data showed a branched structure with 39% of non-reducing end units, 3-O-substituted Araf (8%), 3,4-di-O- (15%), 2,4-di-O- (5%) and 2,3,4-tri-O-substituted Xylp units (17%). The anomeric region of CNAL (13)C NMR spectrum contained 9 signals, indicating a complex structure. The main chain of CNAL was characterized by analysis of a Smith-degraded polysaccharide. Its (13)C NMR spectrum showed 5 main signals at δ 101.6, δ 75.5, δ 73.9, δ 72.5, and δ 63.1 that were attributed to C-1, C-4, C-3, C-2 and C-5 of (1→4)-linked β-Xylp-main chain units, respectively. CNAL exhibited gastroprotective effect, by reducing gastric hemorrhagic lesions, when orally administered (1 and 3mg/kg) to rats prior to ethanol administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda F Simas-Tosin
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ruth R Barraza
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniele Maria-Ferreira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda de P Werner
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Baggio
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Wagner
- Departamento de Medicina Forense e Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Fhernanda R Smiderle
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Elaine R Carbonero
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, CEP 75702-040 Catalão, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Sassaki
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcello Iacomini
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Philip A J Gorin
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Structural characterization of a glucuronoarabinoxylan from pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill) gum exudate. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 94:704-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Amarioarei G, Spiridon I, Lungu M, Bercea M. Rheological Investigation of Prunus Sp. Gums in Aqueous Medium. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie2014179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Amarioarei
- ″Gheorghe Asachi″ Technical University, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, 71 Bd. Mangeron, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Iuliana Spiridon
- ″Petru Poni″ Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Maria Lungu
- ″Gheorghe Asachi″ Technical University, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, 71 Bd. Mangeron, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Maria Bercea
- ″Petru Poni″ Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iaşi, Romania
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Cipriani TR, Mellinger CG, de Souza LM, Baggio CH, Freitas CS, Marques MC, Gorin PA, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M. Acidic heteroxylans from medicinal plants and their anti-ulcer activity. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Utille JP, Jeacomine I. Synthesis of a library of allyl α-l-arabinofuranosyl-α- or β-d-xylopyranosides; route to higher oligomers. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:2649-56. [PMID: 17904112 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Revised: 07/08/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Six isomeric disaccharides allyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-l-arabinofuranosyl-alpha-d-xylopyranosides and beta-d-xylopyranosides were synthetized by the stereoselective glycosylation of pure allyl alpha- or beta-d-xylopyranosides with 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-l-arabinofuranose as donor, catalyzed with BF(3).Et(2)O in DCM. Regio- and stereoselective glycosylation with excess of donor furnished almost exclusively the trisaccharides allyl 2,3-di-O-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-l-arabinofuranosyl)-alpha- or beta-d-xylopyranosides. Extension of the reaction to the triol beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-d-xylopyranose, obtained from the 4-hydroxyl penta-O-acetyl-alpha-xylobiose, gave in the same manner the tetrasaccharide [2,3-di-O-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-l-arabinofuranosyl)-beta-d-xylopyranosyl]-(1-->4)-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-d-xylopyranose. The protocol described herein should offer the possibility to produce branched oligosaccharides with a 2,3-di-O-(alpha-l-Ara(f))-beta-d-Xyl(p) block unit at the terminal non-reducing end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Utille
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
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Wagner R, Simas FF, Pereira GC, Angeli A, Brito JO, Woranovicz-Barreira SM, Delgobo CL, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M, Gorin PA. Structure of a glycoglucuronomannan from the gum exudate of Vochysia tucanorum (family Vochysiaceae). Carbohydr Polym 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cipriani TR, Mellinger CG, de Souza LM, Baggio CH, Freitas CS, Marques MCA, Gorin PAJ, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M. A polysaccharide from a tea (infusion) of Maytenus ilicifolia leaves with anti-ulcer protective effects. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2006; 69:1018-21. [PMID: 16872136 DOI: 10.1021/np060045z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Maytenus ilicifolia is a medicinal plant used as a tea (infusion) for treatment of stomach ulcers. This tea furnished a polysaccharide after several purification steps, consisting of a freezing-thawing process, Fehling precipitation, ultrafiltration, and dialysis. It consisted of arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid, 4-O-methylglucuronic acid, rhamnose, and glucose in a 42:41:6:5:4:2 molar ratio. Methylation analysis, controlled Smith degradation, and NMR spectroscopy indicated that it was a type II arabinogalactan containing a (1-->3)-linked beta-d-Galp main chain, substituted at O-6 by (1-->6)-linked beta-d-Galp chains, which were mainly substituted at O-3 by (1-->5)- and (1-->3)-linked alpha-l-Araf chains, and nonreducing end-units of alpha-l-Araf and 4-O-Me-GlcpA. This polysaccharide significantly inhibited ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats with an ED(50) of 9.3 mg/kg, suggesting that the arabinogalactan liberated from the infusion has a protective anti-ulcer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales R Cipriani
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP-19046, CEP-81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Simas F, Maurer-Menestrina J, Reis R, Sassaki G, Iacomini M, Gorin P. Structure of the fucose-containing acidic heteroxylan from the gum exudate of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Queen palm). Carbohydr Polym 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Busato AP, Vargas-Rechia CG, Gorin PAJ, Petkowicz CL, Tischer CA, Bochicchio R, Reicher F. New 4-O-substituted xylosyl units in the xyloglucan from leaves of Hymenaea courbaril. Int J Biol Macromol 2005; 35:277-82. [PMID: 15862867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2005.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2004] [Revised: 03/03/2005] [Accepted: 03/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A homogeneous fucogalactoxyloglucan, isolated from the leaves of Hymenaea courbaril, was analysed by methylation-GC-MS. These procedures involved derived partially O-methylated alditol acetates and acetylated aldononitriles, which demonstrated the presence of both 2-O- and 4-O-substituted Xylp units in the side-chains. The presence of the unusual, latter structure was confirmed by 2D NMR spectroscopy with a correlated HMQC C-4/H-4 signal at delta 77.8/3.73. A similar 4-O-substituted xylosyl structure was present in a decasaccharide Glc4Xyl3Gal2Fuc obtained via endo-glucanase treatment of the polysaccharide, which gave rise to a molecular ion with m/z 1555 (ESI-MS, Na+ form).
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Busato
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Simas FF, Gorin PAJ, Guerrini M, Naggi A, Sassaki GL, Delgobo CL, Iacomini M. Structure of a heteroxylan of gum exudate of the palm Scheelea phalerata (uricuri). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2004; 65:2347-2355. [PMID: 15381006 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2003] [Revised: 03/17/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The polysaccharide isolated from the gum exudate of palm Scheelea phalerata (SPN) was water-insoluble and composed of Fuc, Ara, Xyl, and uronic acid moieties in a 5:34:54:7 molar ratio: 12% of phenolics were also present. A soluble polysaccharide (SPNa) was obtained after alkaline treatment, which contained Fuc, Ara, Xyl and uronic acid in a 7:44:42:7 molar ratio, with only 2% phenolics. SPNa had an M(W) approximately 1.04 x 10(5) g mol(-1) and was almost monodisperse (M(W)/M(N) : 1.25 +/-0.22). It had a branched structure with side chains of 2-O-substituted Xylp (approximately 8%) and 3-O-substituted Araf (12%) units, and a large proportion of nonreducing end-units of Araf (15%), Fucp (10%), Xylp (4%), and Arap (6%). The (1 --> 4)-linked beta-Xylp main-chain units were 3-O- (9%), 2-O- (13%), and 2,3-di-O- (13%) substituted. Its (13)C NMR spectrum contained at least 9 C-1 signals, those at delta 108.6 and 107.7 arising from alpha-Araf units. Others were present at delta 175.4 from C-6 of alpha-GlcpA and delta 15.6 from C-6 of Fucp units. The main chain of SPNa was confirmed by analysis of a Smith-degraded polysaccharide (SPDS): methylation analysis provided a 2,3-Me(2)-Xyl (65%) derivative and its (13)C NMR spectrum showed five main signals typical of a (1 --> 4)-linked beta-Xylp units. Methylation analysis of a carboxy-reduced polysaccharide (SPN-CR) revealed a 2,3,4,6-Me(4)-Glc derivative (4%) arising from nonreducing end-units of GlcpA. Alpha-GlcpA-(1 --> 2)-alphabeta-Xy1p and alpha-GlcpA-(1 --> 2)-beta-Xylp-(1 --> 4)-alphabeta-Xylp were obtained via partial acid hydrolysis of SPN, showing the structure of side-chain substituents on O-2 of the main-chain units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda F Simas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, C.P. 19046, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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