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Crestani S, Gasparotto Júnior A, Marques MCA, Sullivan JC, Webb RC, da Silva-Santos JE. Enhanced angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and systemic reactivity to angiotensin II in normotensive rats exposed to a high-sodium diet. Vascul Pharmacol 2013; 60:67-74. [PMID: 24321189 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A high salt diet is associated with reduced activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). However, normotensive rats exposed to high sodium do not show changes in systemic arterial pressure. We hypothesized that, despite the reduced circulating amounts of angiotensin II induced by a high salt diet, the cardiovascular system's reactivity to angiotensin II is increased in vivo, contributing to maintain arterial pressure at normal levels. Male Wistar rats received chow containing 0.27% (control), 2%, 4%, or 8% NaCl for six weeks. The high-sodium diet did not lead to changes in arterial pressure, although plasma levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone were reduced in the 4% and 8% NaCl groups. The 4% and 8% NaCl groups showed enhanced pressor responses to angiotensin I and II, accompanied by unchanged and increased angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, respectively. The 4% NaCl group showed increased expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptors and reduced expression of angiotensin II type 2 receptors in the aorta. In addition, the hypotensive effect of losartan was reduced in both 4% and 8% NaCl groups. In conclusion these results explain, at least in part, why the systemic arterial pressure is maintained at normal levels in non-salt sensitive and healthy rats exposed to a high salt diet, when the functionality of RAAS appears to be blunted, as well as suggest that angiotensin II has a crucial role in the vascular dysfunction associated with high salt intake, even in the absence of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Crestani
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Maria C A Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jennifer C Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Physiology, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - J Eduardo da Silva-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Rattmann YD, Mendéz-Sánchez SC, Furian AF, Paludo KS, de Souza LM, Dartora N, Oliveira MS, Costa EMDS, Miguel OG, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M, Mello CF, Franco CRC, da Silva-Santos JE, Cadena SMSC, Marques MCA, Santos ARS. Standardized extract of Dicksonia sellowiana Presl. Hook (Dicksoniaceae) decreases oxidative damage in cultured endothelial cells and in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 133:999-1007. [PMID: 21094243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 11/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Aging and a variety of pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases have been associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O₂·⁻), hydroxyl radical (·OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) generation. Plant polyphenols bear radical scavenging/antioxidant activity. A phytomedicinal preparation obtained from aerial parts of Dicksonia sellowiana (Dicksoniaceae), a native plant from Central and South America, has been widely used in Brazil against asthma and presents beneficial effects in several other diseases, including cardiovascular disturbance. In this work, we investigated whether Dicksonia sellowiana, which is also known to contain high levels of polyphenols, presents antioxidant activity. METHODS The antioxidant activity of the hydroalcoholic extract obtained from Dicksonia sellowiana leaves (HEDS) was investigated by in vitro and in vivo tests. RESULTS HEDS (0.1-100 μg/mL) exhibited a strong scavenging activity against all reactive species tested (DPPH, O₂·⁻,·OH and H₂O₂; IC₅₀=6.83±2.05, 11.6±5.4, 2.03±0.4, and 4.8±0.4 μg/mL, respectively). HEDS strongly protected endothelial cells against H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress by mechanisms other than increasing catalase activity. In addition, HEDS protected cell membrane from oxidative damage. HEDS, (20 and 40 mg/kg) inhibited lipid peroxidation in vivo (29.8% and 24.5%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS According to our results, we can speculate that the traditional uses of Dicksonia sellowiana for cardiovascular diseases, asthma and skin diseases could be, at least in part, related to the potent antioxidant and endothelial protective activities of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna D Rattmann
- Department of Pharmacology, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Boller S, Soldi C, Marques MCA, Santos EP, Cabrini DA, Pizzolatti MG, Zampronio AR, Otuki MF. Anti-inflammatory effect of crude extract and isolated compounds from Baccharis illinita DC in acute skin inflammation. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 130:262-266. [PMID: 20452414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ETHNOPHARMACOLOGYCAL RELEVANCE: The tea from the leaves of Baccharis illinita DC (Asteraceae family) is commonly used by the population as anti-inflammatory (including topically), protective gastric and anti-infectious. However, no studies have been done with this species to confirm its topical anti-inflammatory action. AIM This study evaluated he topical effects of crude extract of leaves (CE) and its active constituents in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)-induced ear oedema. METHODOLOGY CE and compounds effects were tested in commonly used models of TPA-, arachidonic acid (AA)- and capsaicin-ear oedema. Polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell migration was evaluated by mieloperoxidase and analyzed histologically. RESULTS CE (0.1-1 mg/ear) caused a dose-related inhibition of TPA-induced ear oedema and PMN influx similarly to that produced by topical application of the steroidal anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone. The active constituents of the AcOEt fraction kaurenoic acid, alpha-spinasterol, oleanolic acid and baurenol also inhibited TPA-induced ear edema. Histological analysis of the ear of CE-treated animals confirmed the reduction of edema and of PMN infiltration. Both CE and the nosteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin inhibited the AA-induced ear oedema, but did not change capsaicin-induced oedema. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the CE and the active constituents have a topical anti-inflammatory effect and the possible mechanisms for the pharmacological effects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Boller
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University Federal of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Freitas CS, Baggio CH, Finau J, Anginoni M, Pizzolatti MG, Santos ARS, Marques MCA. Inhibition of H+/K+ ATPase in the gastroprotective effect of Baccharis illinita DC. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:1105-10. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.8.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Baccharis illinita DC (Compositae) is used in folk medicine to treat gastric disturbances. Preliminary studies with other extracts of B. Illinita showed gastric protection against ethanol-, indometacin- and stress-induced ulcers and the inhibition of gastric secretion. Based on these data, the aim of this study was to verify the pathways involved in the inhibition of gastric secretion. The chloroform extract (CE) of flowers from B. illinita (3, 10, 30 and 100 mg kg−1 i.p.) tested on rats with pylorus ligature reduced the volume and the total acidity of gastric content by approximately 50% (ED50 = 69 mg kg−1). Treatment with CE (100 mg kg−1 i.p.) reduced the gastric total acidity stimulated by histamine, bethanechol and pentagastrin to 42%, 27% and 57% of that in the stimulated control group, respectively. The CE (10, 30 and 100 μM) inhibited H+/K+ ATPase activity in-vitro, with an IC50 of 37 μM. The isolated flavonoid luteolin (1, 3, 10 and 30 μM) also inhibited H+/K+ ATPase activity by 50%, at a dose of 30 μM. Our results suggest that the reduction in gastric secretion occurs through inhibition of H+/K+ ATPase, which is the final step in acid secretion and therefore one of the most important steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina S Freitas
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Baggio
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Finau
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Margano Anginoni
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Moacir G Pizzolatti
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Adair R S Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Maria C A Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-990, PR, Brazil
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dos Santos AC, Baggio CH, Freitas CS, Lepieszynski J, Mayer B, Twardowschy A, Missau FC, dos Santos ÉP, Pizzolatti MG, Marques MCA. Gastroprotective activity of the chloroform extract of the roots from Arctium lappa L. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:795-801. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.6.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Arctium lappa L. is used in folk medicine as a diuretic, depurative and digestive stimulant and in dermatological conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect and the possible mechanisms involved in the gastroprotective effects of a chloroform extract (CE) of the roots from A. lappa and its fractions. Oral pretreatment with CE (10, 30 and 100 mgkg−1) significantly reduced gastric lesions induced by ethanol by 61%, 70% and 76%, respectively. Oral administration of CE (100 mgkg−1 per day for 7 days) reduced the chronic gastric ulceration induced by acetic acid by 52%. Intraduodenal CE (100, 300 and 600 mgkg−1) reduced the total acidity of gastric secretion by 22%, 22% and 33%, respectively, while i.p. administration (10, 30 and 100 mgkg−1) inhibited total acidity by 50%, 60% and 67%, respectively. In-vitro, CE inhibited H+, K+-ATPase activity with an EC50 of 53 μgmL−1 and fraction A (30 and 100 μgmL−1) reduced this by 48% and 89%, respectively. CE had no effect on gastrointestinal motility. CE (250 μgmL−1) and fraction B (100 and 250 μgmL−1) had free-radical scavenging ability, inhibiting 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity by 50%, 20% and 55%, respectively. Collectively, the results show that the CE protects animals from gastric lesions by reducing gastric acid secretion via inhibition of gastric H+, K+-ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C dos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Baggio
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristina S Freitas
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lepieszynski
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - André Twardowschy
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabiana C Missau
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Élide P dos Santos
- Department of Botany, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Moacir G Pizzolatti
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria C A Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Boller S, Soldi C, Marques MCA, Santos EP, Cabrini DA, Pizzolatti MG, Zampronio AR, Otuki MF. WITHDRAWN: Comments on "Anti-inflammatory effect of crude extract and isolated compounds from Baccharis illinita DC in acute skin inflammation". J Ethnopharmacol 2009:S0378-8741(09)00525-X. [PMID: 19712737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Revised: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Boller
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University Federal of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Cipriani TR, Mellinger CG, de Souza LM, Baggio CH, Freitas CS, Marques MCA, Gorin PAJ, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M. A polysaccharide from a tea (infusion) of Maytenus ilicifolia leaves with anti-ulcer protective effects. J Nat Prod 2006; 69:1018-21. [PMID: 16872136 DOI: 10.1021/np060045z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Maytenus ilicifolia is a medicinal plant used as a tea (infusion) for treatment of stomach ulcers. This tea furnished a polysaccharide after several purification steps, consisting of a freezing-thawing process, Fehling precipitation, ultrafiltration, and dialysis. It consisted of arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid, 4-O-methylglucuronic acid, rhamnose, and glucose in a 42:41:6:5:4:2 molar ratio. Methylation analysis, controlled Smith degradation, and NMR spectroscopy indicated that it was a type II arabinogalactan containing a (1-->3)-linked beta-d-Galp main chain, substituted at O-6 by (1-->6)-linked beta-d-Galp chains, which were mainly substituted at O-3 by (1-->5)- and (1-->3)-linked alpha-l-Araf chains, and nonreducing end-units of alpha-l-Araf and 4-O-Me-GlcpA. This polysaccharide significantly inhibited ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats with an ED(50) of 9.3 mg/kg, suggesting that the arabinogalactan liberated from the infusion has a protective anti-ulcer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales R Cipriani
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP-19046, CEP-81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Rattmann YD, Cipriani TR, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M, Rieck L, Marques MCA, da Silva-Santos JE. Nitric oxide-dependent vasorelaxation induced by extractive solutions and fractions of Maytenus ilicifolia Mart ex Reissek (Celastraceae) leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 104:328-35. [PMID: 16243464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2005] [Revised: 09/10/2005] [Accepted: 09/16/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study reveals that an ethanolic supernatant obtained from an aqueous extractive solution prepared from residues of methanolic extracts of ground leaves of Maytenus ilicifolia is able to cause a concentration- and endothelium-dependent relaxation in pre-contract rat aorta rings, with EC(50) of 199.7 (190-210) microg/ml. The non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitors l-NAME and l-NMMA abolished this effect, while superoxide dismutase and MnTBAP (a non-enzymatic superoxide dismutase mimetic) enhanced it. Further, relaxation induced by this ethanolic supernatant have been strongly inhibited by the guanylate cyclase inhibitors methylene blue and ODQ, as well as by the potassium channel blockers 4-aminopyridine and tetraethylammonium, but was unchanged by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin and the membrane receptor antagonists atropine, HOE-140 and pirilamine. Partition of the ethanolic supernatant between H(2)O and EtOAc generated a fraction several times more potent, able to fully relax endothelium-intact aorta rings with an EC(50) of 4.3 (3.9-4.8) microg/ml. (13)C NMR spectrum of this fraction showed signals typical of catechin. This study reveals that the leaves of M. ilicifolia possess one or more potent substances able to relax endothelium-intact rat aorta rings, an event that appears to involve nitric oxide production, guanylate cyclase activation and potassium channel opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna D Rattmann
- Department of Pharmacology, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Dalsenter PR, Cavalcanti AM, Andrade AJM, Araújo SL, Marques MCA. Reproductive evaluation of aqueous crude extract of Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) in Wistar rats. Reprod Toxicol 2004; 18:819-23. [PMID: 15279880 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2004.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2003] [Revised: 03/09/2004] [Accepted: 04/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of the exposure to the aqueous extract from leaves (AE) of Achillea millefolium L. on reproductive endpoints in Wistar rats. Adult male rats were treated daily with yarrow extract (0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 g/kg/day) during 90 days by oral gavage. Endpoints including reproductive organ weights, sperm and spermatid numbers as well as sperm morphology were evaluated. No clinical signs of toxicity were detected over the treatment period, and body weight gain was similar in all groups. A significant increase in the percentage of abnormal sperm in the group treated with the highest dose of yarrow extract was detected with no other important changes in the other reproductive endpoints studied in the male rats. Furthermore, a possible estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity of the yarrow extract screened after a 3-day treatment of immature female rats which did not show any uterotrophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R Dalsenter
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.
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