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Wang H, Yan J, Wang K, Liu Y, Liu S, Wu K, Wang X, Haider A, Liu Y, Zhou Q, Wang X. The gut-liver axis perspective: Exploring the protective potential of polysaccharides from Cistanche deserticola against alcoholic liver disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128394. [PMID: 38013074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study is to investigate the potential mechanism behind the protective effect of Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides (CP) against alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Multiple chromography techniques were employed to characterize CP from polysaccharide, the molecular weight distribution of polysaccharides, monosaccharide composition, isomeric hydrogen and isomeric carbon, in order to clarify the material basis of CP. To create the ALD mouse model, we utilized the well-established Lieber-DeCarli alcoholic liquid feed method. Findings from the study revealed that CP administration resulted in significant improvements in intestinal permeability, upregulation of barrier proteins expression, and reduced levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in mouse liver and serum. Additionally, CP treatment reduced the presence of inflammatory cytokines both in serum and liver while enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver. Furthermore, CP effectively reduced alcohol-induced oxidative damage by downregulating Keap1 protein levels in the liver, leading to increased expression of Nrf2 protein. The 16S rDNA sequencing results revealed that CP significantly restored the intestinal microbiota composition in ALD mice. These findings establish a strong association between gut microbiota and liver injury indicators, highlighting the potential of CP in preventing and treating ALD by modulating the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Jiajing Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Reyoung Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Jinan Branch, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Xumei Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Yuhong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- Shandong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China.
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Pawlaczyk-Graja I, Balicki S, Ziewiecki R, Capek P, Matulová M, Wilk KA. New isolation process for bioactive food fiber from wild strawberry leaf. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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3
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Starch and Glycogen Analyses: Methods and Techniques. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071020. [PMID: 32660096 PMCID: PMC7407607 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
For complex carbohydrates, such as glycogen and starch, various analytical methods and techniques exist allowing the detailed characterization of these storage carbohydrates. In this article, we give a brief overview of the most frequently used methods, techniques, and results. Furthermore, we give insights in the isolation, purification, and fragmentation of both starch and glycogen. An overview of the different structural levels of the glucans is given and the corresponding analytical techniques are discussed. Moreover, future perspectives of the analytical needs and the challenges of the currently developing scientific questions are included.
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Agirre J, Moroz O, Meier S, Brask J, Munch A, Hoff T, Andersen C, Wilson KS, Davies GJ. The structure of the AliC GH13 α-amylase from Alicyclobacillus sp. reveals the accommodation of starch branching points in the α-amylase family. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2019; 75:1-7. [PMID: 30644839 PMCID: PMC6333287 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798318014900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Amylases are glycoside hydrolases that break the α-1,4 bonds in starch and related glycans. The degradation of starch is rendered difficult by the presence of varying degrees of α-1,6 branch points and their possible accommodation within the active centre of α-amylase enzymes. Given the myriad industrial uses for starch and thus also for α-amylase-catalysed starch degradation and modification, there is considerable interest in how different α-amylases might accommodate these branches, thus impacting on the potential processing of highly branched post-hydrolysis remnants (known as limit dextrins) and societal applications. Here, it was sought to probe the branch-point accommodation of the Alicyclobacillus sp. CAZy family GH13 α-amylase AliC, prompted by the observation of a molecule of glucose in a position that may represent a branch point in an acarbose complex solved at 2.1 Å resolution. Limit digest analysis by two-dimensional NMR using both pullulan (a regular linear polysaccharide of α-1,4, α-1,4, α-1,6 repeating trisaccharides) and amylopectin starch showed how the Alicyclobacillus sp. enzyme could accept α-1,6 branches in at least the -2, +1 and +2 subsites, consistent with the three-dimensional structures with glucosyl moieties in the +1 and +2 subsites and the solvent-exposure of the -2 subsite 6-hydroxyl group. Together, the work provides a rare insight into branch-point acceptance in these industrial catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Agirre
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of York, York YO10 5DD, England
| | - Olga Moroz
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of York, York YO10 5DD, England
| | - Sebastian Meier
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jesper Brask
- Novozymes A/S, Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
| | - Astrid Munch
- Novozymes A/S, Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
| | - Tine Hoff
- Novozymes A/S, Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
| | | | - Keith S. Wilson
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of York, York YO10 5DD, England
| | - Gideon J. Davies
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of York, York YO10 5DD, England
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Yao K, Gao S, Wu Y, Zhao Z, Wang W, Mao Q. Influence of dextrins on the production of spiramycin and impurity components by Streptomyces ambofaciens. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2017; 63:105-113. [PMID: 28823059 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-017-0544-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Spiramycin is a 16-membered macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens and used in human medicine for the treatment of various respiratory tract and genital infections. Several impurities were detected in spiramycin-fermentation broth, especially impurities D and F, which decreased the separation-extraction yield and increased production cost. Dextrins, as the main carbon source, influence the accumulation of spiramycin and impurities. In this work, two types of dextrin from vendor Y and Z were compared to study their influences on spiramycin production. Our results showed that final spiramycin production with dextrin Z was enhanced twofold as compared with dextrin Y; however, the content of impurities F and D were higher with dextrin Z relative to dextrin Y. Several parameters (adenosine triphosphate, total sugar, reducing sugar, and reducing sugar to total sugar) were analyzed to reveal differences in the fermentation process. In vitro dextrin hydrolysis by amylase revealed structural differences in the two types of dextrin, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that the transcription of srm7 and srm21 (involved in forosaminyl methylation) was enhanced and potentially related to the reduced formation of impurity F with dextrin Y. Furthermore, the srm20/srm33 ratio, representing flux balance of forosaminyl and mycarosyl, was ~ 1, implying that forosaminyl and mycarosyl biosynthesis were well balanced, resulting in reduced production of impurity D with dextrin Y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiya Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shuhong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Yanjie Wu
- Topfond Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Zhumadian, Henan, 463000, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Topfond Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Zhumadian, Henan, 463000, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Topfond Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Zhumadian, Henan, 463000, China
| | - Quangui Mao
- Topfond Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Zhumadian, Henan, 463000, China
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Peymanpour G, Marcone M, Ragaee S, Tetlow I, Lane CC, Seetharaman K, Bertoft E. On the molecular structure of the amylopectin fraction isolated from “high-amylose” ae maize starches. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:768-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Sundekilde UK, Meier S. 1H–13C NMR-Based Profiling of Biotechnological Starch Utilization. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9685-9690. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik K. Sundekilde
- Department
of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Årslev, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Meier
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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8
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Ali F, Cheong WJ. Open tubular capillary electrochromatography with an N
-phenylacrylamide-styrene copolymer-based stationary phase for the separation of anomers of glucose and structural isomers of maltotriose. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:1763-70. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Inha University; Namku Incheon South Korea
| | - Won Jo Cheong
- Department of Chemistry; Inha University; Namku Incheon South Korea
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Petersen BO, Motawie MS, Møller BL, Hindsgaul O, Meier S. NMR characterization of chemically synthesized branched α-dextrin model compounds. Carbohydr Res 2015; 403:149-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Liu H, Wang X, Liu W, Liu B, Zhou H, Wang W. Reactive Modification of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) and its Foaming Behavior. CELLULAR POLYMERS 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/026248931403300402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A methodology for the preparation of chain extended poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and its foams by autoclave batching foaming method was proposed. First, PET was mixed with tetraglycidyl diamino diphenyl methane (TGDDM) as chain extender to generate the branching/crosslinking molecular structure and improve the viscoelasticity of PET. Then, PET foams were prepared using supercritical CO2 as physical blowing agent. The molecular structures of various PET samples were characterized by the nuclear magnetic resonance, gelation degree and crosslinking density test. The results showed that with the introduction of TGDDM, the branching/crosslinking structure of PET appeared. The influences of various molecular structures on the thermal property and rheology of PET were also studied. The results showed that the crystallization temperature, crystallization rate, and crystallinity of various PET samples decreased with the content of TGDDM, but the modified PET had higher melt elasticity than that of pure PET. PET foam with the addition of 0.4% TGDDM had finer cellular morphology and the highest expansion ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Liu
- School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Bengang Liu
- School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Hongfu Zhou
- School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
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11
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Beeren SR, Petersen BO, Bøjstrup M, Hindsgaul O, Meier S. Time-Resolved in-Situ Observation of Starch Polysaccharide Degradation Pathways. Chembiochem 2013; 14:2506-11. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Nantanga KKM, Bertoft E, Seetharaman K. Structure of starch hydrolysates following in vitro oral digestion: Effect of botanical source of starch and hydrothermal treatments. STARCH-STARKE 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201200253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Structure of building blocks in amylopectins. Carbohydr Res 2012; 361:105-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Wikman J, Blennow A, Bertoft E. Effect of amylose deposition on potato tuber starch granule architecture and dynamics as studied by lintnerization. Biopolymers 2012; 99:73-83. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Petersen BO, Meier S, Duus JØ. NMR assignment of structural motifs in intact β-limit dextrin and its α-amylase degradation products in situ. Carbohydr Res 2012; 359:76-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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17
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The building block structure of barley amylopectin. Int J Biol Macromol 2011; 49:900-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Structures of building blocks in clusters of sweetpotato amylopectin. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:2913-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Li S, Zuo Z, Niu D, Singh S, Permaul K, Prior BA, Shi G, Wang Z. Gene cloning, heterologous expression, and characterization of a high maltose-producing α-amylase of Rhizopus oryzae. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 164:581-92. [PMID: 21243443 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A putative α-amylase gene, designated as RoAmy, was cloned from Rhizopus oryzae. The deduced amino acid sequence showed the highest (42.8%) similarity to the α-amylase from Trichoderma viride. The RoAmy gene was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 under the induction of methanol. The molecular weight of the purified RoAmy determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was approximately 48 kDa. The optimal pH and temperature were 4-6 and 60 °C, respectively. The enzyme was stable at pH ranges of 4.5-6.5 and temperatures below 50 °C. Purified RoAmy had a K(m) and V(max) of 0.27 mg/ml and 0.068 mg/min, respectively, with a specific activity of 1,123 U/mg on soluble starch. Amylase activity was strongly inhibited by 5 mM Cu(2+) and 5 mM Fe(2+), whereas 5 mM Ca(2+) showed no significant effect. The RoAmy hydrolytic activity was the highest on wheat starch but showed only 55% activity on amylopectin relative to soluble corn starch, while the pullulanase activity was negligible. The main end products of the polysaccharides tested were glucose and maltose. Maltose reached a concentration of 74% (w/w) with potato starch as the substrate. The enzyme had an extremely high affinity (K(m) = 0.22 mM) to maltotriose. A high ratio of glucose/maltose of 1:4 was obtained when maltotriose was used at an initial concentration of 40 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Li
- Research Center of Bioresource & Bioenergy, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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20
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Bertoft E, Laohaphatanalert K, Piyachomkwan K, Sriroth K. The fine structure of cassava starch amylopectin. Part 2: Building block structure of clusters. Int J Biol Macromol 2010; 47:325-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2010.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Montesanti N, Véronèse G, Buléon A, Escalier PC, Kitamura S, Putaux JL. A-Type Crystals from Dilute Solutions of Short Amylose Chains. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:3049-58. [DOI: 10.1021/bm1008712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Montesanti
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Université de Toulouse, INSA-UPS-INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France, UMR 5504, UMR 792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, CNRS, INRA, F-31400 Toulouse, France, Unité Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France, and Graduate School of Life and
| | - Gabrielle Véronèse
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Université de Toulouse, INSA-UPS-INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France, UMR 5504, UMR 792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, CNRS, INRA, F-31400 Toulouse, France, Unité Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France, and Graduate School of Life and
| | - Alain Buléon
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Université de Toulouse, INSA-UPS-INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France, UMR 5504, UMR 792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, CNRS, INRA, F-31400 Toulouse, France, Unité Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France, and Graduate School of Life and
| | - Pierre-Claude Escalier
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Université de Toulouse, INSA-UPS-INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France, UMR 5504, UMR 792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, CNRS, INRA, F-31400 Toulouse, France, Unité Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France, and Graduate School of Life and
| | - Shinichi Kitamura
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Université de Toulouse, INSA-UPS-INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France, UMR 5504, UMR 792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, CNRS, INRA, F-31400 Toulouse, France, Unité Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France, and Graduate School of Life and
| | - Jean-Luc Putaux
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Université de Toulouse, INSA-UPS-INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France, UMR 5504, UMR 792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, CNRS, INRA, F-31400 Toulouse, France, Unité Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France, and Graduate School of Life and
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Angellier-Coussy H, Putaux JL, Molina-Boisseau S, Dufresne A, Bertoft E, Perez S. The molecular structure of waxy maize starch nanocrystals. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:1558-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2008] [Revised: 03/28/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Chairam S, Poolperm C, Somsook E. Starch vermicelli template-assisted synthesis of size/shape-controlled nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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26
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Stadnichuk IN, Semenova LR, Smirnova GP, Usov AI. A highly branched storage polyglucan in the thermoacidophilic red microalga Galdieria maxima cells. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683807010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Corzana F, Motawia MS, Hervé du Penhoat C, van den Berg F, Blennow A, Perez S, Engelsen SB. Hydration of the Amylopectin Branch Point. Evidence of Restricted Conformational Diversity of the α-(1→6) Linkage. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:13144-55. [PMID: 15469314 DOI: 10.1021/ja048622y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The hydration behavior of a model compound for the amylopectin branch point, methyl 6'-alpha-maltosyl-alpha-maltotrioside, was investigated by combining molecular dynamics simulations in explicit water, 500 MHz NMR spectroscopy, including pulsed field gradient diffusion measurements, and exploratory multivariate data analysis. In comparison with results on a tetrasaccharide analogue, the study reveals that the conformational diversity of the three-bond alpha-(1-->6) linkage becomes quite limited in aqueous solution upon the addition of a fifth glucose residue that elongates the alpha-(1-->6) branch. This investigation reveals two plausible starch branch point structures, one that permits the formation of double helices and one that is adapted for interconnection of double helices. The apparent rigidity of the former is explained by the presence of water pockets/bridges in the vicinity of the branch point that lock the pentasaccharide structure into one conformational family that is able to accommodate the creation of the double-helical amylopectin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Corzana
- Contribution from the Centre for Advanced Food Studies (LMC), The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University (KVL), Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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28
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Dinadayala P, Lemassu A, Granovski P, Cérantola S, Winter N, Daffé M. Revisiting the structure of the anti-neoplastic glucans of Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin. Structural analysis of the extracellular and boiling water extract-derived glucans of the vaccine substrains. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:12369-78. [PMID: 14715664 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m308908200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), used worldwide to prevent tuberculosis and leprosy, is also clinically used as an immunotherapeutic agent against superficial bladder cancer. An anti-tumor polysaccharide has been isolated from the boiling water extract of the Tice substrain of BCG and tentatively characterized as consisting primarily of repeating units of 6-linked-glucosyl residues. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacterial species produce a glycogen-like alpha-glucan composed of repeating units of 4-linked glucosyl residues substituted at some 6 positions by short oligoglucosyl units that also exhibits an anti-tumor activity. Therefore, the impression prevails that mycobacteria synthesize different types of anti-neoplastic glucans or, alternatively, the BCG substrains are singular in producing a unique type of glucan that may confer to them their immunotherapeutic property. The present study addresses this question through the comparative analysis of alpha-glucans purified from the extracellular materials and boiling water extracts of three vaccine substrains. The polysaccharides were purified, and their structural features were established by mono- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of the enzymatic and chemical degradation products of the purified compounds. The glucans isolated by the two methods from the three substrains of BCG were shown to exhibit identical structural features shared with the glycogen-like alpha-glucan of M. tuberculosis and other mycobacteria. Incidentally, we observed an occasional release of dextrans from Sephadex columns that may explain the reported occurrence of 6-substituted alpha-glucans in mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premkumar Dinadayala
- Département Mécanismes Moléculaires des Infections Mycobactériennes, Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR 5089 du CNRS et de l'Université Paul Sabatier, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex 04, France
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29
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Duarte IF, Godejohann M, Braumann U, Spraul M, Gil AM. Application of NMR spectroscopy and LC-NMR/MS to the identification of carbohydrates in beer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2003; 51:4847-4852. [PMID: 12903934 DOI: 10.1021/jf030097j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The application of LC-NMR/MS for the direct identification of carbohydrates in beer has been studied. Carbohydrates are major beer components, and their structural characterization by NMR alone is seriously hindered by strong spectroscopic overlap. Direct analysis of beer by LC-NMR/MS enables the rapid (1-2 h) identification of dextrins with degree of polymerization (DP) of up to nine monomers, with degassing being the only sample treatment required. Although the presence of alpha(1-->6) branching points is easily indicated by NMR for each subfraction separated by LC, difficulties arise for the unambiguous assignment of linear or branched forms of high DP dextrins. The two beer samples investigated in this work were found to have significantly different oligosaccharide compositions, reflecting the different production conditions employed. The use of hyphenated NMR for the rapid characterization of the carbohydrate composition of beers may be the basis of a useful tool for the quality control of beer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iola F Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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30
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Kabel MA, de Waard P, Schols HA, Voragen AGJ. Location of O-acetyl substituents in xylo-oligosaccharides obtained from hydrothermally treated Eucalyptus wood. Carbohydr Res 2003; 338:69-77. [PMID: 12504383 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(02)00351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A combination of techniques was used to localise the O-acetyl substituents in xylo-oligosaccharides, which are present in hydrolysates of hydrothermally treated Eucalyptus wood. Reversed-phase (RP)-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled on-line to both a mass spectrometer and an evaporating light scattering (ELS) detector provided data about the order of elution of the various O-acetylated oligomers. The retention of the oligomers on the column depended on the number and position of the O-acetyl substituents within the xylo-oligosaccharides. One dimensional (1D)- and two dimensional (2D)-(1)H NMR spectroscopy was used to study the structural features of several xylotetramers separated by RP-HPLC, each having one O-acetyl substituent. O-Acetyl migration was proven to have occurred in these xylo-oligosaccharides. Mainly O-acetyl migration within the same xylosyl residue was observed. RP-HPLC-NMR was performed in order to study the structural features of the acetylated oligomers 'on-line' avoiding O-acetyl migration. Finally, the precise location of the 2-O- or 3-O-acetyl substituent in 6 xylotetramers and 4 xylotrimers separated by RP-HPLC was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam A Kabel
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Matulova M, Delort AM, Nouaille R, Gaudet G, Forano E. Concurrent maltodextrin and cellodextrin synthesis by Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 as identified by 2D NMR spectroscopy. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2001; 268:3907-15. [PMID: 11453983 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1D and 2D NMR experiments were used to analyse the synthesis of various metabolites by resting cells of Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 when incubated with [1-(13)C]glucose, in both extracellular and cellular media. Besides the expected glycogen, succinate, acetate, glucose-1-P and glucose-6-P, maltodextrins and cellodextrins were detected. Maltodextrins were excreted into the external medium. They were found to have linear structures with a maximum degree of polymerization (DP) of about 6 or 7 units. Cellodextrins were located in the cells (cytoplasm and/or periplasm), and their DP was < or = 4. Both labelled (1-(13)C and 6-(13)C) and unlabelled maltodextrins and cellodextrins were detected, showing the contribution of carbohydrate cycling in F. succinogenes, including the reversal of glycolysis and the futile cycle of glycogen. The mechanisms of these oligosaccharide syntheses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matulova
- Laboratoire de Synthèse, Electrosynthèse et Etude de Systèmes à Intérêt Biologique, UMR 6504, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS, Aubière, France.
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