1
|
Diaz-Rodriguez RM, Kitos AA, Murugesu M. Expanding the series of alkali metal plumbolyl complexes to Na and K. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:14420-14428. [PMID: 36129130 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02615e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we detail the straightforward and scalable synthesis of sodium and potassium complexes of the 2,5-bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3,4-diphenylplumbolyl dianion (PblTBS,Ph). Their solid-state structures were found to comprise either monomeric solvates or coordination polymers depending on the alkali metal ion and crystallization medium. These complexes were readily prepared with high yields and purity compared to known routes to the dilithium congener of PblTBS,Ph and are well-positioned to serve as convenient precursors for salt metathesis-type reactions leading to metal complexes of the understudied PblTBS,Ph ligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto M Diaz-Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Alexandros A Kitos
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hyun HR, Han J, Lim J, Park YJ, Choi B, Baik C, Kim JS. Liquid-like properties of cyclopentadienyl complexes of barium: molecular dynamics simulations of nanoscale droplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15982-15990. [PMID: 35730698 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02322a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopentadienyl complexes of barium have great utility in materials science and engineering, in particular, as precursors in the atomic layer deposition processes, which are required to be fluidic as well as thermally stable and volatile. Here, we investigated the liquid-like properties of cyclopentadienyl barium complexes including (Me5C5)2Ba, (tBu3C5H2)2Ba, (iPr4C5H)2Ba, (iPr5C5)2Ba, and [(SiMe3)3C5H2]2Ba, using molecular dynamics simulations of nanoscale droplets. The compounds were modeled using a recently developed generic force field, GFN-FF. Nanoscale droplets with about 5.0 nm diameters were formed by aggregating 96 molecules of each compound. Simulation results reveal that substituting methyl groups of (Me5C5)2Ba with other alkyl and silyl moieties has a non-negligible effect on the intra- and intermolecular structure and dynamics. In particular, in contrast to more flexible (Me5C5)2Ba, the substitution with five iso-propyl groups to form (iPr5C5)2Ba adds rigidity to the complex with restricted orientational fluctuations for two cyclopentadienyl ligands and arranges molecules parallel to each other with greater probability. In addition, comparison between (tBu3C5H2)2Ba, with three tert-butyl groups, and its silyl analogue, [(SiMe3)3C5H2]2Ba, reveals that intermolecular interactions between the molecules with silyl groups are softer than those with tert-butyl groups and result in broader radial distribution functions, whereas the dynamic properties are similar for both compounds. This work suggests that molecular dynamics simulations contribute to molecular-level understanding of the effect of chemical substitution in organometallic compounds on the intra- and intermolecular properties of molecular liquids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ree Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jungim Han
- Organic Material Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16678, Republic of Korea.
| | - Juhyung Lim
- Organic Material Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16678, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Jae Park
- Organic Material Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16678, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byoungki Choi
- Organic Material Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16678, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul Baik
- Organic Material Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16678, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Soo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Baguli S, Mondal S, Mandal C, Goswami S, Mukherjee D. Cyclopentadienyl Complexes of the Alkaline Earths in Light of the Periodic Trends. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202100962. [PMID: 34825506 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The electron-rich cyclopentadienyl and the analogous indenyl and fluorenyl ligands (collectively denoted here as Cp') have been impactful in stabilizing electron-deficient metal centers including the highly electropositive alkaline earths. Being in the s-block, the group 2 metals follow a major periodic variation in their atomic and ionic properties which is reflected in those Cp' compounds. This article presents an overview of this class of compounds for all the five metals from beryllium to barium (radium is excluded for its radioactivity), highlighting their systematic variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Baguli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Nadia, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Sumana Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Nadia, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Chhotan Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Nadia, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Santu Goswami
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Nadia, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Nadia, 741246, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Coughlin O, Krämer T, Benjamin SL. Diverse structure and reactivity of pentamethylcyclopentadienyl antimony(iii) cations. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:1726-1730. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00024h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rare examples of Sb(iii) cations which are not supported by coordinative bonds demonstrate Lewis acidic reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Coughlin
- Department of Chemistry and Forensics
- Nottingham Trent University
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry
- Maynooth University
- Maynooth
- Ireland
| | - Sophie L. Benjamin
- Department of Chemistry and Forensics
- Nottingham Trent University
- Nottingham
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang C, Lin Y, Tseng H, Lee G, Peng S, Chiu C. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Cp*–Aluminum Triflate. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen‐Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ya‐Fan Lin
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University 100 Shi‐Chuan 1st Rd. 80708 Kaohsiung San‐Ming Dist. Taiwan
| | - Hsi‐Ching Tseng
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Gene‐Shiang Lee
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shie‐Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ching‐Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Evers-McGregor DA, Bezpalko MW, Foxman BM, Thomas CM. Exploring the coordination chemistry of N-heterocyclic phosphenium/phosphido ligands using nickelocene as a synthon. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
7
|
Tidey JP, Wong HL, Schröder M, Blake AJ. Structural chemistry of metal coordination complexes at high pressure. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
8
|
Lee SW, Choi BJ, Eom T, Han JH, Kim SK, Song SJ, Lee W, Hwang CS. Influences of metal, non-metal precursors, and substrates on atomic layer deposition processes for the growth of selected functional electronic materials. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
9
|
Liu R, Zhou X. Selective transformations of cyclopentadienyl ligands of transition-metal and rare-earth metal complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3171-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35637f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
10
|
Wójcik K, Ecorchard P, Schaarschmidt D, Rüffer T, Lang H, Mehring M. Cyclopentadienyl Dicarbonyl Iron-Bismuth Compounds - Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201200095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
11
|
Hurtado M, Lamsabhi AM, Mó O, Yáñez M, Guillemin JC. Stability trends and tautomerization of chalcocyclopentadienes. The role of aromaticity. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20604d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
12
|
Mahadevi AS, Sastry GN. A Theoretical Study on Interaction of Cyclopentadienyl Ligand with Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals. J Phys Chem B 2010; 115:703-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jp109749a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Subha Mahadevi
- Molecular Modeling Group, Organic Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 607, AP, India
| | - G. Narahari Sastry
- Molecular Modeling Group, Organic Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 607, AP, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Craciun S, Donald KJ. Radical Bonding: Structure and Stability of Bis(Phenalenyl) Complexes of Divalent Metals from across the Periodic Table. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:5810-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic900058q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Smaranda Craciun
- Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173
| | - Kelling J. Donald
- Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Monakhov KY, Linti G. Theoretical Study of Structure, Bonding, and Electronic Behavior of Low-Valent Bismuth Cyclopentadienyl and Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Half-Sandwich Compounds. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:6986-96. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9006229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Yu. Monakhov
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerald Linti
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hatanpää T, Ritala M, Leskelä M. Crystal structures and thermal properties of Ba(1,2,4-t-Bu3C5H2)2 and Sr(1,2,4-t-Bu3C5H2)2: Precursors for atomic layer deposition. J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2007.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
16
|
Burck S, Gudat D, Nieger M, Tirreé J. Structures, dynamic behaviour, and reactivity of P-cyclopentadienyl-substituted 1,3,2-diazaphospholenes. Dalton Trans 2007:1891-7. [PMID: 17702167 DOI: 10.1039/b702720f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
P-Cyclopentadienyl-substituted 1,3,2-diazaphospholenes were prepared by salt metathesis from NaCp or LiCp* and 2-chloro-1,3,2-diazaphospholenes. Comprehensive spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction studies revealed a significant lengthening of the phosphorus-carbon bonds as compared with typical P-C bond distances, and the presence of fluxional molecular structures in solution and solid state as a consequence of circumambulatory migration of the diazaphospholene moiety around the Cp-ring. The P-C bond lengthening is accompanied by the capability to react with transition metal complexes under P-C bond activation and cyclopentadienyl transfer. At the same time, 2-Cp-diazaphospholenes react with strong bases under deprotonation to afford a phosphinyl-cyclopentadienide anion that reacts further with FeCl2 to a 1,1'-bisphosphinyl-ferrocene. The ambivalent behaviour of the diazaphospholenes offers interesting prospects to develop new synthetic methods for functional cyclopentadienyl complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Burck
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Leszczyńska K, Madura I, Kunicki AR, Zachara J. Cyclopentadienylaluminum donor–acceptor complexes – Molecular and supramolecular structure. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
18
|
Szumacher S, Madura I, Zachara J, Kunicki AR. Cyclopentadienylaluminum thiolates – synthesis and structure. J Organomet Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
19
|
Dinnebier RE, van Smaalen S, Olbrich F, Carlson S. Effect of Crystal Packing on the Structures of Polymeric Metallocenes. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:964-8. [PMID: 15859275 DOI: 10.1021/ic049214y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The pressure dependencies of the crystal structures of the polymeric metallocenes lithium cyclopentadienide (LiCp) and potassium cyclopentadienide (KCp) have been determined by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. The decrease of the volume of LiCp by 34% up to a pressure of p = 12.2 GPa and of KCp by 23% at p = 5.3 GPa as well as the bulk moduli of K = 7.7 GPa for LiCp and 4.9 GPa for KCp indicate a high compressibility for these compounds. The crystal structures of KCp have been determined up to p = 3.9 GPa. An increase of the bend angle is found from 45 degrees at p = 0 GPa up to 51 degrees at p = 3.9 GPa. This variation is completely explained by a model invoking attractive K+ Cp- interaction and repulsive nonbonded carbon-carbon interactions. It is proposed that the bend angle in the polymeric alkali metal metallocenes is the result of the optimization of the crystal packing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E Dinnebier
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Schurko RW, Hung I, Macdonald CLB, Cowley AH. Anisotropic NMR interaction tensors in the decamethylaluminocenium cation. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:13204-14. [PMID: 12405849 DOI: 10.1021/ja020394p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR experiments, analytical and numerical simulations of solid NMR powder patterns, ab initio self-consistent field and hybrid density functional theory calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction are used to characterize the molecular structure and anisotropic NMR interaction tensors in the bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)aluminum cation, [Cp(2)Al](+). This highly symmetric main group metallocene has a structure analogous to that of ferrocene and the cobaltocenium cation. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure is reported for [Cp(2)Al][AlCl(4)]. Solid-state (27)Al[(1)H] magic-angle spinning and static NMR experiments are used to study the aluminum chemical shielding and electric field gradient tensors, revealing axial symmetry in both cases with a large chemical shielding span of Omega = 83(3) ppm and a small nuclear quadrupole coupling constant, C(Q)((27)Al) = 0.86(10) MHz. Carbon-13 CPMAS NMR experiments in combination with ab initio calculations and simulations of the effects of chemical exchange on (13)C static powder patterns reveal dynamic rotation of rings and suggest a low internal rotational barrier for this process. Theoretical computations of interaction tensors using the Gaussian 98 and Amsterdam Density Functional software packages are in good agreement with experiment and lend insight into the molecular origin of these NMR interactions. Orientations of the NMR tensors determined from theory, the large chemical shielding span, and the very small value of C(Q)((27)Al) can all be rationalized in terms of the high molecular symmetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Aneetha H, Jiménez-Tenorio M, Puerta MC, Valerga P, Sapunov VN, Schmid R, Kirchner K, Mereiter K. Coordinatively Unsaturated Ruthenium Phosphine Half-Sandwich Complexes: Correlations to Structure and Reactivity. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om020359r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kurt Mereiter
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Moran D, Stahl F, Jemmis ED, Schaefer HF, Schleyer PVR. Structures, Stabilities, and Ionization Potentials of Dodecahedrane Endohedral Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp014471z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Moran
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India, and the Computer Chemistry Center, Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Stahl
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India, and the Computer Chemistry Center, Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eluvathingal D. Jemmis
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India, and the Computer Chemistry Center, Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India, and the Computer Chemistry Center, Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul von R. Schleyer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India, and the Computer Chemistry Center, Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|