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Haughan JE, Missanelli JR, You Y, Stefanovski D, Soma LR, Robinson MA. Pharmacokinetics of glaucine after intravenous and oral administrations and detection of systemic aporphine alkaloids after ingestion of tulip poplar shavings in horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2022; 45:273-282. [PMID: 35394081 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glaucine, an aporphine alkaloid with anti-tussive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive properties, has been identified in post-race samples from racehorses. To investigate pharmacokinetics of glaucine in horses, a three-way crossover study of intravenous and oral glaucine (0.1 mg/kg) and orally administered tulip poplar shavings (50 g shavings = 0.001 mg/kg glaucine) was performed in six horses. A two-compartment model best described IV administration with alpha ( t 1 / 2 α $$ {t}_{1/2\alpha } $$ ) and beta ( t 1 / 2 β $$ {t}_{1/2\beta } $$ ) half-life lives of 0.3 (0.1-0.7) and 3.1 (2.4-7.8) h, respectively. The area under the curve ( AUC 0 ∞ $$ {\mathrm{AUC}}_0^{\infty } $$ iv ) was 45.4 (34.7-52.3) h*ng/ml, and the volume of distribution of the central (Vdc ) and peripheral (Vdp ) compartments was 2.7 (1.3-4.6) and 4.9 (4.3-8.2) L/kg, respectively. A one compartment model best described the oral administration of glaucine with absorption ( t 1 / 2 ka $$ {t}_{1/2 ka} $$ ) and elimination ( t 1 / 2 kel $$ {t}_{1/2 kel} $$ ) half-lives of 0.09 (0.05-0.15) and 0.7 (0.6-0.8) h, respectively. The area under the curve ( AUC 0 ∞ $$ {\mathrm{AUC}}_0^{\infty } $$ PO ) was 15.1 (8.0-19.5) h·ng/ml. Bioavailability following oral administration was 17%-48%. Following ingestion of shavings, glaucine and liriodenine were detectable in plasma for up to 16 and 48 h, respectively. Glaucine was quantifiable briefly in the urine from two horses. Liriodenine was quantifiable in urine for 12-20 h in four horses and for 48 h in two horses. The presence of liriodenine indicates ingestion of tulip poplar tree parts, however, does not rule out co-administration of purified glaucine in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne E Haughan
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jaclyn R Missanelli
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.,PA Equine Toxicology & Research Laboratory, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Youwen You
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.,PA Equine Toxicology & Research Laboratory, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Darko Stefanovski
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lawrence R Soma
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary A Robinson
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.,PA Equine Toxicology & Research Laboratory, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
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Borrelli F, Capasso F, Capasso R, Ascione V, Aviello G, Longo R, Izzo AA. Effect of Boswellia serrata on intestinal motility in rodents: inhibition of diarrhoea without constipation. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 148:553-60. [PMID: 16633355 PMCID: PMC1751779 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies suggest that the Ayurvedic plant Boswellia serrata may be effective in reducing diarrhoea in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of a Boswellia serrata gum resin extract (BSE) on intestinal motility and diarrhoea in rodents. BSE depressed electrically-, acetylcholine-, and barium chloride-induced contractions in the isolated guinea-pig ileum, being more potent in inhibiting the contractions induced by acetylcholine and barium chloride. The inhibitory effect of BSE on acetylcholine-induced contractions was reduced by the L-type Ca(2+) channel blockers verapamil and nifedipine, but not by the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor cyclopiazonic acid, by the phosphodiesterase type IV inhibitor rolipram or by the lipoxygenase inhibitor zileuton. 3-acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid, one of the main active ingredients of B. serrata, inhibited acetylcholine-induced contractions. BSE inhibited upper gastrointestinal transit in croton oil-treated mice as well as castor oil-induced diarrhoea. However, BSE did not affect intestinal motility in control mice, both in the small and in the large intestine. It is concluded that BSE directly inhibits intestinal motility with a mechanism involving L-type Ca(2+) channels. BSE prevents diarrhoea and normalizes intestinal motility in pathophysiological states without slowing the rate of transit in control animals. These results could explain, at least in part, the clinical efficacy of this Ayurvedic remedy in reducing diarrhoea in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Borrelli
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Capasso
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Author for correspondence:
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Ascione
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Aviello
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rocco Longo
- Carlo Sessa SpA Pharmaceutical Laboratory, viale Gramsci 212, 20099 Sesto S.G. Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Author for correspondence:
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Horie S, Tsurumaki Y, Someya A, Hirabayashi T, Saito T, Okuma Y, Nomura Y, Murayama T. Involvement of cyclooxygenase-dependent pathway in contraction of isolated ileum by urotensin II. Peptides 2005; 26:323-9. [PMID: 15629545 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2004] [Revised: 09/15/2004] [Accepted: 09/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that urotensin II induced biphasic (brief- and long-lasting) contractions and the brief contraction was mediated by acetylcholine release from ganglionic cholinergic neurons in a segment of guinea-pig ileum. In the present work, we studied the mechanism contributing to long-lasting contractions induced by urotensin II. Treatment with 0.1 microM tetrodotoxin, 300 nM omega-conotoxin GVIA (an inhibitor of N-type Ca2+ channels) and 10 microM indomethacin (an inhibitor of cyclooxygenases) markedly inhibited 100 nM urotensin II-induced long-lasting contractions. The addition of 1 microM prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) caused a limited brief contraction following long-lasting contraction, while 1 microM PGE2 induced marked biphasic contractions. Treatment with neurotoxins inhibited the long-lasting contractions induced by PGF2alpha and PGE2 without changing the PGE2-induced brief contractions. Treatment with 1 microM atropine markedly inhibited the urotensin II- and PGF2alpha-induced long-lasting contractions, but was less effective on the PGE2 responses. Treatment with a phospholipase A2 inhibitor decreased the urotensin II-induced contractions. These findings suggest that urotensin II induces, at least partially, long-lasting contractions via PG-sensitive cholinergic neurons and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syunji Horie
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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Aiello A, Borrelli F, Capasso R, Fattorusso E, Luciano P, Menna M. Conicamin, a novel histamine antagonist from the mediterranean tunicate Aplidium conicum. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 13:4481-3. [PMID: 14643351 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the known 6-bromo-hypaphorine (2) and plakohypaphorine-A (3), the methanol extract of the Mediterranean tunicate Aplidium conicum was shown to contain conicamin, a novel indole alkaloid having histamine-antagonistic activity which structure was determined to be 1 on the basis of the spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aiello
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, via D. Montesano, 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
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