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Ling C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Sun H, Du Q, Li X. Updates on the molecular genetics of primary congenital glaucoma (Review). Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:968-977. [PMID: 32742340 PMCID: PMC7388405 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is one of the primary causes of blindness in children and is characterized by congenital trabecular meshwork and anterior chamber angle dysplasia. While being a rare condition, PCG severely impairs the quality of life of affected patients. However, the pathogenesis of PCG remains to be fully elucidated. It has previously been indicated that genetic factors serve a critical role in the pathogenesis of PCG, although patients with PCG exhibit significant genetic heterogeneity. Mutations in the cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1 gene have been implicated in PCG and further genes that have been reported to be involved in PCG are myocilin, forkhead box C1, collagen type I α1 chain and latent transforming growth factor β binding protein 2. The present review aims to provide an up to date understanding of the genes associated with PCG and the use of molecular technologies in the identification of such genes and mutations. This may pave the way for the development of preventative methods, early diagnosis and improved therapeutic strategies in PCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ling
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Disease, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Disease, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Huanxin Sun
- Department of Immunology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637100, P.R. China
| | - Qiu Du
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xuefei Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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Bee YS, Tu L, Sheu SJ, Lin HC, Tang JH, Wang JH, Prea SM, Dusting GJ, Wu DC, Zhong J, Bui BV, Tai MH, Liu GS. Gene Delivery of Calreticulin Anti-Angiogenic Domain Attenuates the Development of Choroidal Neovascularization in Rats. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:403-414. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Shen Bee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Leilei Tu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shwu-Jiuan Sheu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hua Tang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiang-Hui Wang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Selwyn M. Prea
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gregory J. Dusting
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jingxiang Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bang V. Bui
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Guei-Sheung Liu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia
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Liu GS, Wang JH, Lee JH, Tsai PJ, Tsai HE, Sheu SJ, Lin HC, Dusting GJ, Tai MH, Bee YS. Gene Delivery by Subconjunctival Injection of Adenovirus in Rats: A Study of Local Distribution, Transgene Duration and Safety. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143956. [PMID: 26642208 PMCID: PMC4671571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Subconjunctival injection is a minimally invasive route for gene delivery to ocular tissues, but has traditionally been limited to use in the cornea. The accurate ocular distribution of virus has not, however, been previously investigated. Adenovirus is an attractive gene vector as it can deliver large genes and allow for short-term gene expression, but how safe it is when delivered via subconjunctival injection remains to be established. We have characterized the bio-distribution and safety of subconjunctivally administered adenovirus in Brown Norway rats. The bio-distribution and transgene duration of adenovirus carrying luciferase gene (Ad-Luci) at various time intervals were evaluated via bioluminescence imaging after subconjunctival injection. Adenovirus carrying a reporter gene, β-galactosidase (Ad-LacZ) or hrGFP (Ad-hrGFP) was administered subconjunctivally and the viral distribution in various ocular tissues was assessed by histological analysis and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Hepatic damage was assessed by biochemical and immunohistological analysis with TUNEL stain. Systemic immunogenicity was assessed by measuring serum level of TNF-α via ELISA, 2 hours and 14 days after administration of adenovirus. Retinal function was examined by electroretinography. Subconjunctival injection of Ad-Luci induced luciferase expression in the injected eyes within 24 hours, for at least 64 days. Histological analysis showed adenovirus distributed across anterior and posterior ocular tissues. qPCR demonstrated different amounts of adenovirus in different ocular tissues, with the highest amounts closest to the injection site Unlike the intravenous route, subconjunctivally delivered adenovirus did not elicit any detectable hepatic injury or systemic immunogenicity. Retinal function was unaffected by adenovirus irrespective of administration route. In conclusion, an adenoviral vector administered subconjunctivally can infiltrate into different ocular tissues and lead to short-term ocular transgene expression, without causing hepatic injury and immune activation. Therefore, subconjunctivally administered adenovirus may be a promising gene delivery approach for managing anterior and posterior segment eye diseases requiring short-term therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guei-Sheung Liu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jiang-Hui Wang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jia Hui Lee
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pei-Jhen Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Han-En Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Jiuan Sheu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Gregory J. Dusting
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Youn-Shen Bee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care & Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Sequential administration of bovine and human adenovirus vectors to overcome vector immunity in an immunocompetent mouse model of breast cancer. Virus Res 2011; 163:202-11. [PMID: 21971215 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The potential of a bovine adenovirus serotype 3 (BAd3)-based vector to bypass the human adenoviral serotype 5 (HAd5)-specific neutralizing immune response was evaluated in an immunocompetent mouse model of breast cancer. Initially we monitored vector biodistribution, genome persistence, transgene expression, and potential toxicity of HAd-GFP [HAd5 vector expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)] or BAd-GFP (BAd3 vector expressing GFP) in FVB/n mice bearing tumors. A comparable biodistribution pattern for BAd-GFP and HAd-GFP was evident. In addition, following the development of vector-specific immune responses, animals were inoculated intratumorally (i.t.) with HAd-GFP or BAd-GFP. HAd-GFP immunity did not hamper the transduction and persistence of BAd-GFP into the tumors and other organs, and, similarly, BAd-GFP immunity did not hamper the transduction and persistence of HAd-GFP. Both BAd3 and HAd5 vectors showed relatively higher transgene expression in the presence of heterologous vector immunity. In contrast, the homologous vector immunity was associated with a rapid vector clearance and decline in transgene expression levels. Histopathological changes in BAd-GFP inoculated animals were generally mild with some acute but recoverable hepatic perturbations. Overall, the data suggest the importance of BAd3 vectors for sequential vector administration in overcoming the vector immunity for cancer gene therapy.
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Zhao Z, Liu W, Su Y, Zhu J, Zheng G, Luo Q, Jin X. Evaluation of biodistribution and safety of adenovirus vector containing MDR1 in mice. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2010; 29:1. [PMID: 20044941 PMCID: PMC2819043 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-29-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to examine the safety and distribution of Ad-EGFP-MDR1, an adenovirus encoding human multidurg resistance gene (human MDR1), in the mice colon carcinoma model. Methods After bone marrow cells (BMCs) were infected with Ad-EGFP-MDR1, they were administered by intra bone marrow-bone marrow transplantation (IBM-BMT). Total adenovirus antibody and serum adenovirus neutralizing factor (SNF) were determined. Biodistribution of Ad-EGFP-MDR1 was detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The peripheral hematocyte white blood cell (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) and platelet (Plt) counts were analyzed. Results Neither total adenovirus antibody nor SNF increased weeks after BMT. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry demonstrated concordant expression of human MDR1 and P-gp which were found in lung, intestine, kidney and BMCs after BMT, but not detected in liver, spleen, brain and tumor. No significant abnormality of the recovery hematocyte was observed on Day 30 after treatment. Conclusion The results indicate that IBM-BMT administration of a replication defective adenovirus is a feasible mode of delivery, allowing exogenous transference. The findings in this study are conducted for the future long-term studies of safety assessment of Ad-EGFP-MDR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhenZhen Zhao
- Surgery and Oncology Laboratory, Pediatric Research Institution, Children's Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, ChongQing, China
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Abstract
In a chronic disease such as glaucoma, a therapy that provides a long lasting local effect with minimal systemic side effects, while circumventing the issue of patient compliance, is very attractive. The field of gene therapy is growing rapidly and ocular applications are expanding. Our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of glaucoma is leading to greater specificity in ocular tissue targeting. Improvements in gene delivery techniques, refinement of vector construction methods, and development of better animal models combine to bring this potential therapy closer to reality.
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Yang JG, Sun NX, Cui LJ, Wang XH, Feng ZH. Adenovirus-mediated delivery of p27(KIP1) to prevent wound healing after experimental glaucoma filtration surgery. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2009; 30:413-23. [PMID: 19343060 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2009.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of adenovirus-mediated p27(KIP1) (Ad-p27) expression on wound healing after filtration surgery and to investigate the inhibition of cell proliferation induced by Ad-p27. METHODS We constructed the adenovirus recombinant vector Ad-p27 and administered it to a rabbit model of glaucoma filtration surgery by subconjunctival injection; phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and mitomycin C (MMC) were used as controls. Intraocular pressure (IOP), bleb scores, and anterior chamber depths were observed during a 28-d period. Histological examinations, fluorescence observations and Western blot analyses were evaluated. RESULTS Ad-p27 enhanced the surgical outcome and inhibited cell proliferation when compared with PBS. Bleb scores in the Ad-p27-treated eyes were higher than those in the PBS-treated eyes on d 7 (P<0.01), 14 (P<0.01) and 21 (P<0.05). On d 28, IOP remained significantly decreased in the Ad-p27 group compared with the PBS group (P<0.05). However, no differences in bleb scores or IOPs were observed between the Ad-p27 and MMC groups. Histological analysis showed that total cell numbers were markedly reduced, and less scar tissue was observed at the surgical site in eyes treated with Ad-p27. The number of fibroblasts was decreased in Tenon's capsule in Ad-p27-treated eyes; however, a marked and diffuse signal from the green fluorescent protein (GFP) was observed in fibroblasts. Western blot analysis revealed a high level of p27(KIP1) expression in conjunctival epithelium (P<0.01), relatively high expression in superficial scleral stroma (P<0.01), and low expression in corneal epithelium in the Ad-p27 group. CONCLUSIONS Ad-p27 administration significantly improves the outcome of filtration surgery and inhibits postoperative proliferation in rabbit eyes. These findings suggest that p27(KIP1) is a potential adjunctive agent for inhibition of wound healing after filtration surgery.
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Hsieh JL, Shen PC, Shiau AL, Jou IM, Lee CH, Teo ML, Wang CR, Chao J, Chao L, Wu CL. Adenovirus-Mediated Kallistatin Gene Transfer Ameliorates Disease Progression in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis Induced by Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection. Hum Gene Ther 2009; 20:147-58. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2008.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Long Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan Hsien 717, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chuan Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tainan Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Tainan 70034, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Li Shiau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hsin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Min-Li Teo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chrong-Reen Wang
- Section of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Julie Chao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Lee Chao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Chao-Liang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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Yamashita T, Sonoda S, Suzuki R, Arimura N, Tachibana K, Maruyama K, Sakamoto T. A novel bubble liposome and ultrasound-mediated gene transfer to ocular surface: RC-1 cells in vitro and conjunctiva in vivo. Exp Eye Res 2007; 85:741-8. [PMID: 17889849 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2007.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2007] [Revised: 08/13/2007] [Accepted: 08/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a promising method; however, a potential risk of viral vector or low gene transfer efficacy of non-viral vector prevents it from clinical application for common diseases. The major obstacle in the clinical application of gene therapy is not due to the lack of an ideal gene, but rather the lack of a clinically safe and efficient gene transfer method. To complete a safe and effective gene transfer, we developed a novel bubble liposome (BL) with ultrasound (US) method. BL is composed of polyethylenglycol (PEG) modified liposome (PEGylated liposome) containing perfluoropropane gas, each of which independently has been used safely in human treatment and a PEGylated liposome is quite stable in vivo. Plasmids containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) cDNA were added to cultured rabbit corneal epithelial cells (RC-1, 2x10(5)cell/well and 5microl of a plasmid solution) followed by US exposure with BL (BL-US group). Similar experiments were conducted for US exposure-only (US-only group) and US exposure and conventional micro-bubble (MB-US group). Gene transfer efficacy was evaluated by immunofluorescent microscopy and the cell damage was analyzed by MTS assay. In an in vivo study, BL and plasmid were injected into rat subconjunctiva followed by US exposure (BLUS group, 1.2W/cm(2), 20s, duty cycle 50%) and GFP expression was evaluated by imaging (maximum +5 to minimum 0) for 8 days. Rats undergoing subconjunctival plasmid injection alone (injection group), plasmid injection and US exposure (US group), MB and plasmid injection and US exposure (MBUS group) were used as controls. Histological examination was conducted. BL and US exposure significantly increased gene transfer efficacy in cultured RC-1 cells (BL-US group, 27%; US-only group, 1%; MB-US group, 11%; P<0.05: ANOVA). Gene transfer was most prominent under the condition of US intensity of 1.2W/cm(2) with 21microg/well BL, duration 20s. No apparent cell damage was found in the BL-US group by MTS assay. In rat eyes, strong GFP staining was seen in conjunctiva of BLUS group (average: 3.6). It was significantly higher than in any of the following groups, injection group (average: 2.3), US group (average: 2.1), or MBUS group (average: 2.0; P=0.001, ANOVA). GFP-positive cells were mainly in the conjunctiva and no tissue damage was seen histologically. BL with US method effectively transfers genes to cultured corneal epithelial cells and rat subconjunctival tissue without causing any apparently adverse effect. This method would have a great advantage for gene therapy in ocular surface disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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Veneziale RW, Bral CM, Sinha DP, Watkins RW, Cartwright ME, Rosenblum IY, Treinen KA, Kishnani NS, Nelson J, Chen Z, Faha B, Maneval D, Munger RJ, Cai XY, Cullen C, Arezzo JC. SCH 412499: biodistribution and safety of an adenovirus containing P21(WAF-1/CIP-1) following subconjunctival injection in Cynomolgus monkeys. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2007; 26:83-105. [PMID: 17612977 DOI: 10.1080/15569520701212167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Monkey studies were conducted for the preclinical safety assessment of SCH 412499, an adenovirus encoding p21, administered by subconjunctival injection prior to trabeculectomy for postoperative maintenance of the surgical opening. Biodistribution of SCH 412499 was minimal and there was no systemic toxicity. Findings included swollen, partially closed or shut eye(s) and transient congestion in the conjunctiva. A mononuclear cell infiltrate was present in the conjunctiva, choroid and other ocular tissues, but completely or partially resolved over time. Electroretinograms and visual evoked potentials revealed no adverse findings. Thus, the findings are not expected to preclude the clinical investigation of SCH 412499.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Veneziale
- Drug Safety, Schering-Plough Research Institute. Lafayette, New Jersey 07848-0032, USA.
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Ayalasomayajula SP, Kompella UB. Retinal delivery of celecoxib is several-fold higher following subconjunctival administration compared to systemic administration. Pharm Res 2005; 21:1797-804. [PMID: 15553225 DOI: 10.1023/b:pham.0000045231.51924.e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have previously demonstrated that celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, reaches the retina following repeated oral administrations and inhibits diabetes-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression and vascular leakage in a rat model. The aim of this study was to quantify the relative retinal bioavailability of celecoxib from the subconjunctival route compared to a systemic route. METHODS The plasma and ocular tissue distribution of celecoxib was determined in male Sprague-Dawley rats following subconjunctival and intraperitoneal administrations of drug suspension at a dose of 3 mg/rat. The animals were sacrificed at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12 h post-dosing, the blood was collected, and the eyes were enucleated and frozen. The plasma, sclera, retina, vitreous, lens, and the cornea were isolated and celecoxib levels were determined using an HPLC method. The tissue exposure of the drug was measured as the area under the curve (AUC(0-infinity)) of the concentration vs. time profiles. The relative bioavailability was estimated as the AUC(0-infinity) ratio between subconjunctival and intraperitoneal groups. RESULTS For the subconjunctivally dosed (ipsilateral) eye, the AUC(0-infinity) ratios between subconjunctival and intraperitoneal groups were 0.8 +/- 0.1, 53 +/- 4, 54 +/- 8, 145 +/- 21, 61 +/- 16, and 52 +/- 6 for plasma, sclera, retina, vitreous, lens, and cornea, respectively. For the contralateral ocular tissues, the AUC0-infinity ratios were 1.2 +/- 03, 11 +/- 0.3, 1.1 +/- 0.4, 1.0 +/- 0.3, and 1.2 +/- 0.3 in the sclera, retina, vitreous, lens, and the cornea, respectively, between the subconjunctival and the intraperitoneal groups. Assuming that the drug AUCs in contralateral eye were equal to the systemic pathway contribution to AUCs in the ipsilateral eye, the percent contribution of local pathways as opposed to systemic circulation for celecoxib delivery to the ipsilateral eye tissues was estimated to be 98% or greater. CONCLUSIONS The retinal delivery of celecoxib was substantially higher following subconjunctival administration compared to the intraperitoneal route. The transscleral pathway almost completely accounts for the retinal celecoxib delivery following subconjunctival administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya P Ayalasomayajula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Pun SH, Bellocq NC, Liu A, Jensen G, Machemer T, Quijano E, Schluep T, Wen S, Engler H, Heidel J, Davis ME. Cyclodextrin-Modified Polyethylenimine Polymers for Gene Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2004; 15:831-40. [PMID: 15264871 DOI: 10.1021/bc049891g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Linear and branched poly(ethylenimines), lPEI and bPEI, respectively, grafted with beta-cyclodextrin are prepared to give CD-lPEI and CD-bPEI, respectively, and are investigated as in vitro and in vivo nonviral gene delivery agents. The in vitro toxicity and transfection efficiency are sensitive to the level of cyclodextrin grafting. The cyclodextrin-containing polycations, when combined with adamantane-poly(ethylene glycol) (AD-PEG) conjugates, form particles that are stable at physiological salt concentrations. PEGylated CD-lPEI-based particles give in vitro gene expression equal to or greater than lPEI as measured by the percentage of EGFP expressing cells. Tail vein injections into mice of 120 microg of plasmid DNA formulated with CD-lPEI and AD-PEG do not reveal observable toxicities, and both nucleic acid accumulation and expression are observed in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzie H Pun
- Insert Therapeutics Inc., 2585 Nina Street, Pasadena, California 91107, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean-Paul A Atreides
- Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, 608 Stanton L. Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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