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Funatsu R, Terasaki H, Mihara N, Sonoda S, Shiihara H, Sakamoto T. Evaluating photodynamic therapy versus brolucizumab as a second-line treatment for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Int J Retina Vitreous 2024; 10:32. [PMID: 38589964 PMCID: PMC11000321 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-024-00553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the one-year outcomes between intravitreal brolucizumab (IVBr) monotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a second-line treatment in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) who did not respond to first-line therapy. METHODS This case-control study included eyes with PCV that do not respond to aflibercept or ranibizumab. The patients were retrospectively registered. We compared outcomes, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anatomical results, and the need for additional treatments, between IVBr and a combination therapy using PDT as second-line treatments for refractory PCV, after adjusting for potential confounders. We analyzed E-values to evaluate the robustness of the results against unmeasured confounders. RESULTS Twenty-two eyes received IVBr, and twenty-four underwent PDT. No apparent differences were observed in BCVA and central macular thickness (CMT) changes from baseline between the groups (IVBr vs. PDT: BCVA, 0.01 ± 0.47 logMAR vs. 0.04 ± 0.18 logMAR, P-value = 0.756; CMT: - 36.3 ± 99.4 μm vs. - 114.7 ± 181.4 μm, P-value = 0.146). Only in the PDT group, five eyes (20.8%) did not require additional treatment after the second-line treatment, the adjusted odds ratio indicating no further treatment needed was 11.98 (95% confidence interval: 1.42-2070.07, P-value = 0.019). The E-value for the adjusted odds ratio was 23.44. CONCLUSIONS Both second-line treatments for PCV exhibited similar visual and anatomical outcomes. Only in the PDT-treated eyes were there some patients who did not require further treatment after second-line therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Naohisa Mihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Fujiwara K, Yamashita T, Terasaki H, Nakao K, Sakamoto T. Quantification of peripapillary nerve fibre elevation and its association with axial length, optic disc tilt, and parapapillary atrophy area in young, healthy eyes. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:1112-1117. [PMID: 37968515 PMCID: PMC11009348 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02827-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eyes with peripapillary nerve fibre elevation (pNFE) may have a gap between the optic nerve papillary margin on colour fundus photography and Bruch's membrane opening on cross-sectional optical coherence tomography (OCT). This study was conducted to evaluate the quantification of the height of pNFE in young healthy eyes and examine the relationship between pNFE height and axial length. METHODS A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was performed involving 117 right eyes. All participants (mean age 25.8 years) underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examination involving axial length, fundus photography, and peripapillary and optic disc OCT. pNFE height was defined as the distance between the retinal surface plane and the upper edge of the pNFE in optic disc cross-sectional OCT images. Optic disc tilt was evaluated using a sine curve on retinal nerve fibre layer B-scan images. Parapapillary atrophy (PPA) area in colour fundus images was calculated using ImageJ and corrected using Bennett's formula. We evaluated relationships between pNFE height, axial length, optic disc papillary tilt, and PPA area using Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS Sixty-five eyes had pNFE, with a mean pNFE height of 84.7 μm. pNFE height was significantly positively correlated with axial length (r = 0.32, p < 0.001), optic disc tilt (r = 0.25, p = 0.008), and PPA area (r = 0.27, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS pNFE is not rare in young healthy eyes. Eyes with higher pNFE had a longer axial length and larger optic disc tilt and PPA area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Fujiwara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Kumiko Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Brown DM, Boyer DS, Do DV, Wykoff CC, Sakamoto T, Win P, Joshi S, Salehi-Had H, Seres A, Berliner AJ, Leal S, Vitti R, Chu KW, Reed K, Rao R, Cheng Y, Sun W, Voronca D, Bhore R, Schmidt-Ott U, Schmelter T, Schulze A, Zhang X, Hirshberg B, Yancopoulos GD, Sivaprasad S. Intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg in diabetic macular oedema (PHOTON): 48-week results from a randomised, double-masked, non-inferiority, phase 2/3 trial. Lancet 2024; 403:1153-1163. [PMID: 38461843 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02577-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high-dose formulation of intravitreal aflibercept (8 mg) could improve treatment outcomes in diabetic macular oedema (DMO) by requiring fewer injections than the standard comparator, aflibercept 2 mg. We report efficacy and safety results of aflibercept 8 mg versus 2 mg in patients with DMO. METHODS PHOTON was a randomised, double-masked, non-inferiority, phase 2/3 trial performed at 138 hospitals and specialty retina clinics in seven countries. Eligible patients were adults aged 18 years or older with type 1 or 2 diabetes and centre-involved DMO. Patients were randomly assigned (1:2:1) to intravitreal aflibercept 2 mg every 8 weeks (2q8), aflibercept 8 mg every 12 weeks (8q12), or aflibercept 8 mg every 16 weeks (8q16), following initial monthly dosing. From week 16, dosing intervals for the aflibercept 8 mg groups were shortened if patients met prespecified dose regimen modification criteria denoting disease activity. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at week 48 (non-inferiority margin of 4 letters). Efficacy and safety analyses included all randomly assigned patients who received at least one dose of study treatment. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04429503). FINDINGS Between June 29, 2020, and June 28, 2021, 970 patients were screened for eligibility. After exclusions, 660 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive aflibercept 8q12 (n=329), 8q16 (n=164), or 2q8 (n=167); two patients were randomly assigned in error and did not receive treatment. 658 (99·7%) patients were treated and included in the full analysis set and safety analysis set (8q12 n=328, 8q16 n=163, and 2q8 n=167). Mean patient age was 62·3 years (SD 10·4). 401 (61%) patients were male. 471 (72%) patients were White. Aflibercept 8q12 and 8q16 demonstrated non-inferior BCVA gains to aflibercept 2q8 (BCVA mean change from baseline 8·8 letters [SD 9·0] in the 8q12 group, 7·9 letters [8·4] in the 8q16 group, and 9·2 letters [9·0] in the 2q8 group). The difference in least squares means was -0·57 letters (95% CI -2·26 to 1·13, p value for non-inferiority <0·0001) between 8q12 and 2q8 and -1·44 letters (-3·27 to 0·39, p value for non-inferiority 0·0031) between aflibercept 8q16 and 2q8. Proportions of patients with ocular adverse events in the study eye were similar across groups (8q12 n=104 [32%], 8q16 n=48 [29%], and 2q8 n=46 [28%]). INTERPRETATION Aflibercept 8 mg demonstrated efficacy and safety with extended dosing intervals and could decrease treatment burden in patients with DMO. FUNDING Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Bayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Brown
- Retina Consultants of Texas, Retina Consultants of America, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Diana V Do
- Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Charles C Wykoff
- Retina Consultants of Texas, Retina Consultants of America, Houston, TX, USA; Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Sunir Joshi
- Pinnacle Research Institute, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Hani Salehi-Had
- Retina Associates of Southern California, Huntington Beach, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Karen W Chu
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Rohini Rao
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Wei Sun
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Rafia Bhore
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Xin Zhang
- Bayer Consumer Care, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- National Institute for Health Research, Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
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Funatsu R, Sakamoto T. Reply. Retina 2024; 44:e26-e28. [PMID: 38016090 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000004011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Kanzaki Y, Matoba R, Ishihara K, Morita T, Muraoka Y, Kimura S, Koto T, Kawasaki R, Baba T, Okamoto F, Inoue M, Sakamoto T, Tsujikawa A, Morizane Y. Japan-epiretinal membrane (J-ERM) registry: A prospective cohort study protocol investigating the surgical outcome of epiretinal membrane. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297347. [PMID: 38329968 PMCID: PMC10852224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epiretinal membrane (ERM) causes visual impairment such as reduction in visual acuity and metamorphopsia due to retinal traction. With the improvement of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and microincision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS), the surgery of ERM has significantly advanced. However, there have been no large-scale studies on the following: (1) how to evaluate visual impairment in ERM, (2) the relationship between OCT findings and visual function, (3) when is the optimal timing of surgery, and (4) the relationship between the surgical instruments as well as techniques and prognosis. The purpose of this study was to obtain evidence regarding these ERM surgeries. METHODS AND DESIGN This is a prospective, multicenter cohort study of ERM surgery in Japan from March 1, 2023, to March 31, 2027 (UMIN000048472, R-3468-2). Patients who underwent ERM surgery during the study period and agreed to participate in this study will be included. The goal is to have a total of 5,000 eyes surgically treated for ERM. The following data will be collected: age, gender, medical history, subjective symptoms, visual function before and 6 and 12 months after surgery, clinical findings, OCT data, surgical technique, instruments used in surgery, and complications. DISCUSSION The results of this study will support the surgical decisions and procedures in ERM practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kanzaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama City, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryo Matoba
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama City, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishihara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Morita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama City, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Muraoka
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama City, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Koto
- Kyorin Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Kawasaki
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Baba
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fumiki Okamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Inoue
- Kyorin Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akitaka Tsujikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Morizane
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama City, Okayama, Japan
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Ito Y, Endo H, Kase S, Takahashi M, Sonoda S, Sakoguchi T, Sakamoto T, Ishida S, Kase M. Effects of age and axial length on choroidal stratified structure in normal eyes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2527. [PMID: 38291062 PMCID: PMC10827798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
To quantify the choroidal structures of normal eyes by optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based binarization and evaluate the relationships among age, refractive power, and ocular axial length. This was a retrospective observational study. One hundred and eighty nine eyes of 189 subjects without ocular diseases were examined by enhanced depth imaging (EDI)-OCT. A choroidal OCT horizontal image with a width of 1500 μm centered on the fovea was binarized. The lumen, stroma, and total choroidal area in the choriocapillaris (CC), Sattler's layer (SL), and Haller's layer (HL) were measured, and the ratio of the luminal area to total choroidal area (L/C ratio) was calculated. Multiple regression analysis was performed for choroidal parameters in each choroidal layer and for age, refractive power, and ocular axial length. Multiple regression analysis showed that an older age was significantly correlated with a lower choroidal area and the L/C ratio in all choroidal layers (each P < 0.05). A Long axial length was significantly associated with lower SL and HL (P < 0.05), but not with refractive power. In the choroid of normal eyes, age-related decreases in the choroidal area and L/C ratio were associated with all choroidal layers, and elongation of the axial length was associated with thinning of SL and HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12 Maeda, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Endo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12 Maeda, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8555, Japan.
| | - Satoru Kase
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12 Maeda, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8555, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tomonori Sakoguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Susumu Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Manabu Kase
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12 Maeda, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8555, Japan
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Tadayoni R, Paris LP, Danzig CJ, Abreu F, Khanani AM, Brittain C, Lai TYY, Haskova Z, Sakamoto T, Kotecha A, Schlottmann PG, Liu Y, Seres A, Retiere AC, Willis JR, Yoon YH. Efficacy and Safety of Faricimab for Macular Edema due to Retinal Vein Occlusion: 24-Week Results from the BALATON and COMINO Trials. Ophthalmology 2024:S0161-6420(24)00090-3. [PMID: 38280653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the 24-week efficacy and safety of the dual angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A inhibitor faricimab versus aflibercept in patients with vein occlusion. DESIGN Phase 3, global, randomized, double-masked, active comparator-controlled trials: BALATON/COMINO (ClincalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT04740905/NCT04740931; sites: 149/192). PARTICIPANTS Patients with treatment-naïve foveal center-involved macular edema resulting from branch (BALATON) or central or hemiretinal (COMINO) RVO. METHODS Patients were randomized 1:1 to faricimab 6.0 mg or aflibercept 2.0 mg every 4 weeks for 24 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary end point: change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline to week 24. Efficacy analyses included patients in the intention-to-treat population. Safety analyses included patients who received ≥ 1 doses of study drug. RESULTS Enrollment: BALATON, n = 553; COMINO, n = 729. The BCVA gains from the baseline to week 24 with faricimab were noninferior versus aflibercept in BALATON (adjusted mean change, +16.9 letters [95.03% confidence interval (CI), 15.7-18.1 letters] vs. +17.5 letters [95.03% CI, 16.3-18.6 letters]) and COMINO (+16.9 letters [95.03% CI, 15.4-18.3 letters] vs. +17.3 letters [95.03% CI, 15.9-18.8 letters]). Adjusted mean central subfield thickness reductions from the baseline were comparable for faricimab and aflibercept at week 24 in BALATON (-311.4 μm [95.03% CI, -316.4 to -306.4 μm] and -304.4 μm [95.03% CI, -309.3 to -299.4 μm]) and COMINO (-461.6 μm [95.03% CI, -471.4 to -451.9 μm] and -448.8 μm [95.03% CI, -458.6 to -439.0 μm]). A greater proportion of patients in the faricimab versus aflibercept arm achieved absence of fluorescein angiography-based macular leakage at week 24 in BALATON (33.6% vs. 21.0%; nominal P = 0.0023) and COMINO (44.4% vs. 30.0%; nominal P = 0.0002). Faricimab was well tolerated, with an acceptable safety profile comparable with aflibercept. The incidence of ocular adverse events was similar between patients receiving faricimab (16.3% [n = 45] and 23.0% [n = 84] in BALATON and COMINO, respectively) and aflibercept (20.4% [n = 56] and 27.7% [n = 100], respectively). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the efficacy and safety of faricimab, a dual Ang-2/VEGF-A inhibitor, in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Tadayoni
- Lariboisière and Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild Hospitals, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | | | - Carl J Danzig
- Rand Eye Institute, Deerfield Beach, Florida; Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
| | | | - Arshad M Khanani
- Sierra Eye Associates, Reno, Nevada; University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
| | | | - Timothy Y Y Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, New Territories, China
| | | | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | | | - Ying Liu
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | - Young Hee Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Sakamoto T. Historical value and the future of Graefes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:1-2. [PMID: 38157034 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
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9
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Sakono T, Terasaki H, Kubozono T, Sonoda S, Funatsu R, Mihara N, Shiihara H, Ohishi M, Sakamoto T. Colour tone of retinal arterioles imaged with a colour scanning laser ophthalmoscope can be an indicator of systemic arterial stiffness. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2023; 8:e001456. [PMID: 38057107 PMCID: PMC10711855 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2023-001456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colour scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO) offers several advantages, including improved image quality and better visualisation of the retinal structures compared with colour fundus photograph (CFP). This study aimed to identify whether cSLO could be used to predict systemic arterial stiffness. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We retrospectively analysed the data of 54 patients with 103 eyes. In addition to blood pressure and blood data, all patients had cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) measurements, as well as images of the fundus acquired using cSLO and CFP. We determined the retinal artery sclerosis (RAS) index from the colour of the retinal artery in cSLO images, the ratio of arterial to venous diameter (A/V ratio), and Scheie's classification in CFP images. The correlation between each parameter and CAVI was examined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and the correlation between Scheie's classification and CAVI was examined using Steel-Dowass tests. RESULTS CAVI showed a significant positive correlation with the RAS index (r=0.679, p<0.001) but not with the A/V ratio or Scheie's classification. Multiple regression analysis showed that the RAS index was significantly and independently correlated with CAVI. CONCLUSION cSLO is a non-invasive imaging modality that has the potential to accurately and instantaneously detect early systemic arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takato Sakono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takuro Kubozono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naohisa Mihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Ohishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Funatsu R, Sonoda S, Terasaki H, Shiihara H, Hirokawa M, Yuanting J, Tanabe Y, Sakamoto T. Vortex Veins in Eyes With Pachychoroid Spectrum Disorders Evaluated by the Adjusted Reverse 3-Dimensional Projection Model. Ophthalmol Sci 2023; 3:100320. [PMID: 37274011 PMCID: PMC10238580 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2023.100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the distribution of vortex vein ampulla (VVA) between pachychoroid spectrum disorder (PSD) and controls. Design A single-center, case-control study. Participants This study included 75 PSD, 35 fellow, and 65 control eyes. Methods We quantified VVA distribution using a 3-dimensional reverse projection model corrected for image distortion. We investigated the distribution of major drainage veins (MDV), in which macular Haller's vessels directly influx. Main Outcome Measures The mean distances from the optic disc to VVAs and the mean angles between VVAs and the fovea-disc line. Results The PSD group had significantly fewer VVA in infranasal sector (PSD, fellow, control; 1.6 ± 0.6, 1.8 ± 0.6, 1.9 ± 0.6, respectively, P = 0.026). In supralateral sector, for PSD, fellows, and controls, the mean distances from the optic disc to VVAs were 14.1 ± 1.0 mm, 14.1 ± 1.1 mm, and 13.6 ± 1.4 mm, respectively, and were significantly farther in PSD than in controls (P = 0.023). The mean angles between VVAs and the fovea-disc line were 64.8 ± 5.9°, 66.4 ± 6.4°, and 61.7 ± 6.4°, respectively, and were significantly higher in PSD and fellows than in controls (P = 0.008). The mean distances from the optic disc to MDV in supratemporal sector were 14.1 ± 1.2 and 13.7 ± 1.2 in eyes whose Haller's vessels extended beyond the fovea-disc line (asymmetry), and those that did not, respectively, with the asymmetric eyes significantly farther (P = 0.016). Conclusions The VVA position in supralateral sector was farther and higher in PSD than in controls, suggesting that the distribution of VVA may be associated with the development of PSD. Financial Disclosures Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mariko Hirokawa
- System Development Department, Nikon Corporation, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ji Yuanting
- System Development Department, Nikon Corporation, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Tanabe
- System Development Department, Nikon Corporation, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Funatsu R, Terasaki H, Sonoda S, Shiihara H, Mihara N, Sakamoto T. Characteristics Related to Visual Acuity Loss After Successful Photodynamic Therapy for Eyes With Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 2023; 256:164-174. [PMID: 37331678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine baseline characteristics for identifying factors associated with vision loss (VL) in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) who successfully responded to photodynamic therapy (PDT). DESIGN A retrospective, clinical case-control study. METHODS This study included 85 eyes with CSC, which underwent PDT, and resolved serous retinal detachment. These eyes were classified into 2 groups: the VL group (best-corrected visual acuity 6 months after PDT was worse than that at baseline) and the vision maintenance or improved group (the others). Baseline factors were analyzed to determine the characteristics of the VL group and assess the diagnostic potential of these factors. RESULT Seventeen eyes were included in the VL group. The mean values of the neurosensory retinal (NSR) thickness, the internal limiting membrane-external limiting membrane thickness (IET), and the external limiting membrane-photoreceptor outer segment thickness (EOT) in the VL group were significantly thinner than those in the vision maintenance or improved group (NSR thickness, 123.2 ± 39.7 µm vs 166.3 ± 49.6 µm, P < .001; IET, 63.1 ± 17.0 µm vs 88.0 ± 25.4 µm, P < .001; EOT, 60.1 ± 28.6 µm vs 78.3 ± 33.1, P = .041). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for predicting VL were 94.1%, 50.0%, 32.0%, and 97.1% for NSR thickness; 94.1%, 51.5%, 32.7%, and 97.2% for IET; and 94.1%, 30.9%, 25.4%, and 95.5% for EOT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment sensory retinal layer thickness could predict VL after PDT for CSC and may be a helpful reference for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoh Funatsu
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan (R.F., H.T., S.S., H.S., N.M., T.S.)
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan (R.F., H.T., S.S., H.S., N.M., T.S.)
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan (R.F., H.T., S.S., H.S., N.M., T.S.)
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan (R.F., H.T., S.S., H.S., N.M., T.S.)
| | - Naohisa Mihara
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan (R.F., H.T., S.S., H.S., N.M., T.S.)
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan (R.F., H.T., S.S., H.S., N.M., T.S.).
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12
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Yamashita T, Asaoka R, Terasaki H, Yoshihara N, Kakiuchi N, Sakamoto T. Three-year changes in sex judgment using color fundus parameters in elementary school students. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295123. [PMID: 38033010 PMCID: PMC10688721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In a previous cross-sectional study, we reported that the sexes can be distinguished using known factors obtained from color fundus photography (CFP). However, it is not clear how sex differences in fundus parameters appear across the human lifespan. Therefore, we conducted a cohort study to investigate sex determination based on fundus parameters in elementary school students. METHODS This prospective observational longitudinal study investigated 109 right eyes of elementary school students over 4 years (age, 8.5 to 11.5 years). From each CFP, the tessellation fundus index was calculated as red/red + green + blue (R/[R+G+B]) using the mean value of red-green-blue intensity in eight locations around the optic disc and macular region. Optic disc area, ovality ratio, papillomacular angle, and retinal vessel angles and distances were quantified according to the data in our previous report. Using 54 fundus parameters, sex was predicted by L2 regularized binomial logistic regression for each grade. RESULTS The right eyes of 53 boys and 56 girls were analyzed. The discrimination accuracy rate significantly increased with age: 56.3% at 8.5 years, 46.1% at 9.5 years, 65.5% at 10.5 years and 73.1% at 11.5 years. CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of sex discrimination by fundus photography improved during a 3-year cohort study of elementary school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryo Asaoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
- School of Nursing, Seirei Christopher University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
- Nanovision Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
- The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naoko Kakiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima, Japan
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13
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Sato T, Wada M, Mori T, Sakamoto T, Imada R, Matsui T, Nakajima K, Saitoh K. Broadband design of silica-PLC mode-dependent-loss equalizer for 2LP-mode transmission systems. Opt Express 2023; 31:39965-39980. [PMID: 38041308 DOI: 10.1364/oe.502780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
A new configuration of mode-dependent-loss (MDL) equalizer for two linearly-polarized mode transmission systems using the silica planar lightwave circuit platform is proposed. This device acts as an LP01-mode attenuator (precisely, LP01/LP21 mode converter) to adjust the MDL keeping a high transmission of the LP11 modes. Almost all components constructing the device are based on the adiabatic mode conversion, which brings broadband operation. Especially, a newly proposed E12/E22 mode converter plays a key role in broadband MDL equalization. It is numerically revealed that the flattened spectra with designated transmission can be obtained for the wavelength from 1200 nm to 1650 nm.
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14
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Direct Measurement of the Spectral Structure of Cosmic-Ray Electrons+Positrons in the TeV Region with CALET on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:191001. [PMID: 38000434 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.191001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Detailed measurements of the spectral structure of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons from 10.6 GeV to 7.5 TeV are presented from over 7 years of observations with the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the International Space Station. The instrument, consisting of a charge detector, an imaging calorimeter, and a total absorption calorimeter with a total depth of 30 radiation lengths at normal incidence and a fine shower imaging capability, is optimized to measure the all-electron spectrum well into the TeV region. Because of the excellent energy resolution (a few percent above 10 GeV) and the outstanding e/p separation (10^{5}), CALET provides optimal performance for a detailed search of structures in the energy spectrum. The analysis uses data up to the end of 2022, and the statistics of observed electron candidates has increased more than 3 times since the last publication in 2018. By adopting an updated boosted decision tree analysis, a sufficient proton rejection power up to 7.5 TeV is achieved, with a residual proton contamination less than 10%. The observed energy spectrum becomes gradually harder in the lower energy region from around 30 GeV, consistently with AMS-02, but from 300 to 600 GeV it is considerably softer than the spectra measured by DAMPE and Fermi-LAT. At high energies, the spectrum presents a sharp break around 1 TeV, with a spectral index change from -3.15 to -3.91, and a broken power law fitting the data in the energy range from 30 GeV to 4.8 TeV better than a single power law with 6.9 sigma significance, which is compatible with the DAMPE results. The break is consistent with the expected effects of radiation loss during the propagation from distant sources (except the highest energy bin). We have fitted the spectrum with a model consistent with the positron flux measured by AMS-02 below 1 TeV and interpreted the electron+positron spectrum with possible contributions from pulsars and nearby sources. Above 4.8 TeV, a possible contribution from known nearby supernova remnants, including Vela, is addressed by an event-by-event analysis providing a higher proton-rejection power than a purely statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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Yanagi Y, Takahashi K, Iida T, Gomi F, Morii J, Kunikane E, Sakamoto T. Correction: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Ranibizumab Biosimilar for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:2821-2822. [PMID: 37566304 PMCID: PMC10442042 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00788-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Yanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Microtechnology, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Kanji Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumi Gomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | | | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Yoneda K, Takeuchi M, Yasukawa T, Terasaki H, Yamamoto Y, Jujo T, Wakuta M, Matsubara H, Mitamura Y, Kato A, Kondo M, Kimura K, Takagi H, Gomi F, Sakamoto T. Anti-VEGF Treatment Strategies for 3 Subtypes of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Clinical Setting: A Multicenter Cohort Study in Japan. Ophthalmol Retina 2023; 7:869-878. [PMID: 37295608 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is classified into typical AMD (tAMD), polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), and retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). This study investigated clinical features of the 3 subtypes and visual outcome associated with treatment regimens in a large cohort of patients with nAMD in a clinical setting. DESIGN Retrospective multicenter cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Five hundred patients with treatment-naive nAMD (268 tAMD, 200 PCV, and 32 RAP) initiated with anti-VEGF agents and followed for 1 year. METHODS Medical records were reviewed to extract demographic data, best-corrected visual acuity at baseline and 1 year after treatment initiation, spectral-domain OCT findings, baseline fellow eye condition, systemic factors, treatment strategies, and number of intravitreal injections in the first year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome measures were anti-VEGF treatment strategy (ranibizumab or aflibercept, anti-VEGF regimen, concomitant photodynamic therapy, drug switch), best-corrected visual acuity at 1 year, and factors associated with visual acuity. RESULTS Patients with RAP were significantly older, were more commonly women, and had more macular lesions in fellow eye than patients with tAMD and PCV. Smoking history and diabetes prevalence were not different among the 3 subtypes. Frequencies of subretinal fluid were higher and intraretinal fluid were lower in tAMD and PCV than in RAP, whereas serous pigment epithelial detachment and subretinal hemorrhage were higher in PCV than in tAMD and RAP. Choice of anti-VEGF agents and treatment regimens did not differ among 3 subtypes. The aflibercept-to-ranibizumab ratio was approximately 7:3. The mean number of injections in 1 year was 5.3 ± 2.4 in nAMD overall, which was significantly less in pro re nata (PRN) than in treat and extend (TAE) regardless of the anti-VEGF agent. Best-corrected visual acuity improved in all 3 subtypes, although it was not significant in patients with RAP. CONCLUSIONS This clinical study demonstrates that treatment regimens were similar in 3 subtypes and aflibercept was used in 70% of all patients. Approximately 5 injections were given in the first year regardless of the anti-VEGF agent, which was significantly less in PRN regimen than in TAE. Visual acuity improvement was observed after 1-year anti-VEGF therapy in all 3 subtypes, but was not significant in RAP. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yoneda
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Masaru Takeuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Yasukawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Jujo
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Makiko Wakuta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube City, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hisashi Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Mitamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Aki Kato
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mineo Kondo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube City, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | | | - Fumi Gomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Matsuo Y, Murofushi K, Kokubo M, Sakamoto T, Morita S, Hiraoka M, Nakamura M, Mizowaki T. Long-Term Results of a Multi-Institutional Study of Dynamic Tumor Tracking-Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Lung Tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S31. [PMID: 37784474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) We had conducted a multi-institutional phase II study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of dynamic tumor tracking-stereotactic body radiotherapy (DTT-SBRT) for lung tumors. The primary endpoint was 2-year local control, which was reported to be 95.2%. After the initial evaluation of the primary endpoint, the study was extended as an observational study which was designed to evaluate 5-year survival and late toxicities. We present the long-term results of DTT-SBRT for lung tumors. MATERIALS/METHODS The main eligibility criteria for the study were as follows: (1) primary or metastatic lung cancer with a diameter of 5 cm or less, and up to 3 lesions without any extrapulmonary lesions; (2) ineligibility to standard surgery, or patient's refusal of surgery; (3) ECOG-PS of 0 to 2; and (4) expected range of respiratory motion of 10 mm or more. The study included 48 patients from four institutions with the median age of 80 years (range, 49-90 years). Forty-two patients had primary non-small-cell lung cancer, and 6 patients had metastatic lung tumors. Forty-eight tumors (median diameter, 23.5 mm; range, 5-47 mm) in 48 patients were targeted for DTT-SBRT using a gimbal-mounted linear accelerator. Prior to treatment planning, spherical gold markers were placed around the tumor to detect internal tumor motion using fluoroscopy. The prescribed dose was 50 Gy in four fractions. Treatment beams were delivered with DTT according to a 4D model that predicts internal tumor motion with abdominal wall motion. DTT-SBRT was successfully delivered to all but one patient who had poor correlation between abdominal wall and tumor motion. RESULTS Median follow-up period at data cutoff was 5.0 years (interquartile range, 3.1-6.3 years). Twenty-nine patients died; the causes of death were cancer-specific in 10 patients, comorbidity in 14 patients (pulmonary disease, renal failure, cerebral infarction, other malignancies, etc.), and unknown in 5 patients without cancer recurrence. Overall survival at 5 years was 51.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 36.5-64.6%). Progression-free survival and local control at 5 years were 41.0% (95% CI, 27.0-54.5%) and 92.6% (95% CI, 78.7-97.6%), respectively. There were no grade 4-5 toxicities. One patient (2%) developed grade 3 radiation pneumonitis at 3 months. Grade 2 toxicities were observed in 9 patients (19%), including dyspnea, radiation pneumonitis, pleural effusion, rib fracture, and dermatitis. CONCLUSION Dynamic tumor tracking SBRT achieved the long-term efficacy with low incidence of severe toxicities in lung tumors with respiratory motion. In this elderly patient cohort, non-cancer deaths were observed more than cancer-specific deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Matsuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Murofushi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Kokubo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - T Sakamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Morita
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hiraoka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Japan
| | - M Nakamura
- Department of Advanced Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Mizowaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Sato Y, Ueda-Arakawa N, Takahashi A, Miyara Y, Hara C, Kitajima Y, Maruko R, Kawai M, Takahashi H, Koizumi H, Kawasaki R, Maruyama-Inoue M, Yanagi Y, Iida T, Takahashi K, Sakamoto T, Tsujikawa A. Clinical Characteristics and Progression of Geographic Atrophy in a Japanese Population. Ophthalmol Retina 2023; 7:901-909. [PMID: 37302656 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To elucidate the clinical characteristics and progression rate of geographic atrophy (GA) associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a Japanese population. DESIGN Retrospective, multicenter, observational study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 173 eyes from 173 patients from 6 university hospitals in Japan were included. Of 173 study eyes, 101 eyes from 101 patients were included in the follow-up group. All patients were Japanese, aged ≥ 50 years and had definite GA associated with AMD in at least 1 eye. METHODS The GA area was measured semiautomatically using fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images. In the follow-up group followed for > 6 months with FAF images, the GA progression rate was calculated by 2 methods: mm2 per year and mm per year using the square-root transformation (SQRT) strategy. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify the baseline factors associated with the GA progression rate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical characteristics of GA and the GA progression rate. RESULTS The mean age was 76.8 ± 8.8 years, and 109 (63.0%) were males. Sixty-two (35.8%) patients had bilateral GA. The mean GA area was 3.06 ± 4.00 mm2 (1.44 ± 1.00 mm [SQRT]). Thirty-eight eyes (22.0%) were classified as having pachychoroid GA. Drusen and reticular pseudodrusen were detected in 115 (66.5%) and 73 (42.2%) eyes, respectively. The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 194.7 ± 105.5 μm. In the follow-up group (follow-up period: 46.2 ± 28.9 months), the mean GA progression rate was 1.01 ± 1.09 mm2 per year (0.23 ± 0.18 mm/year [SQRT]). In the multivariable analysis, the baseline GA area (SQRT; P = 0.002) and the presence of reticular pseudodrusen (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with a greater GA progression rate (SQRT). CONCLUSIONS Certain clinical characteristics of GA in Asian populations may differ from those in White populations. Asian patients with GA showed male dominance and relatively thicker choroid than White patients. There was a group with GA without drusen but with features of pachychoroid. The GA progression rate in this Asian population was relatively lower than that in White populations. Large GA and reticular pseudodrusen were associated with a greater GA progression rate. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Sato
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoko Ueda-Arakawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Ayako Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasunori Miyara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chikako Hara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Kitajima
- Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-Technology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ruka Maruko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moeko Kawai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Koizumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Kawasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maiko Maruyama-Inoue
- Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-Technology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-Technology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanji Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akitaka Tsujikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Sakamoto T, Terasaki H, Yamashita T, Shiihara H, Funatsu R, Uemura A. Increased incidence of endophthalmitis after vitrectomy relative to face mask wearing during COVID-19 pandemic. Br J Ophthalmol 2023; 107:1472-1477. [PMID: 35728937 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2022-321357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine the incidence and causative pathogens of endophthalmitis after vitrectomy during strict face mask wearing in the COVID-19 period. METHODS This was a retrospective multicentre study including 31 ophthalmological institutions of the Japanese Retina and Vitreous Society or Japan-Clinical Retina Study group. Patients who had undergone vitrectomy during 2019, the pre-COVID-19 period, and from July 2020 to June 2021, the COVID-mask period, were studied. The results of cataract surgery were used as a control. The total number of vitrectomies and the total number of postoperative endophthalmitis were determined. Then, the differences in the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis between the pre-COVID-19 period and the COVID-mask period, and the type of pathogens causing the endophthalmitis were studied. RESULTS The incidence of postvitrectomy endophthalmitis was significantly lower in the pre-COVID-19 period with 16 568 surgeries and 18 endophthalmitis cases (0.11%) than in the COVID-mask period of 14 929 surgeries and 31 endophthalmitis cases (0.21%; p=0.031, OR=1.913, 95% CI 1.078 to 3.394). In the pre-COVID-19 period, 4 of the 18 eyes were culture positive, and all were of the Staphylococcus family. In the COVID-mask period, 9 of the 31 eyes were culture positive, and 4 cases were related to oral commensals including Streptococcus spp, which are reportedly very rare in endophthalmitis after vitrectomy. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary for physicians to be aware of the higher incidence of postvitrectomy endophthalmitis during the COVID-mask period, and to treat their patients appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Japan-Clinical Retina Study Group (J-CREST), Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Japan-Clinical Retina Study Group (J-CREST), Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Japan-Clinical Retina Study Group (J-CREST), Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Japan-Clinical Retina Study Group (J-CREST), Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Japan-Clinical Retina Study Group (J-CREST), Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akinori Uemura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
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Kokubo M, Kishi N, Matsuo Y, Ogura M, Araki N, Fujii K, Okumura S, Nakamatsu K, Kishi T, Atsuta T, Sakamoto T, Otsu S, Katagiri T, Narabayashi M, Fujishiro S, Iizuka Y, Ozasa H, Hirai T, Mizowaki T. Major Cardiovascular Events after Chemoradiotherapy with or without Durvalumab in Patients with Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Supplementary Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e30-e31. [PMID: 37785096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) RTOG 0617 showed that cardiac events are relatively common after high-dose thoracic radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk of major cardiovascular events (MACE) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with or without durvalumab in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the data from a multi-institutional study in Japan. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients who received CCRT for stage III NSCLC between July 2018 and July 2019 were enrolled in a multi-institutional study in Japan. MACE was defined as follows: symptomatic pericardial effusion, acute coronary syndrome, pericarditis, significant arrhythmia, and heart failure. The cumulative incidence of MACE, accounting for death as a competing risk, was calculated. Pre-existing coronary heart disease (CHD) included coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, and extensive coronary artery calcification. The association between patient/treatment-related factors and MACE was assessed by multivariate analysis. RESULTS Among 178 patients with a median follow-up period of 42.5 months, 13 patients developed MACEs. The 3-year cumulative incidence of MACE was 6.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.0-11.9%). Univariate analysis showed that female sex and mean heart dose (MHD) were marginally associated (3-year cumulative incidence, male 5.6% vs. female 12.1%; P = 0.12; MHD ≥ 6.3 Gy 4.8% vs. < 6.3 Gy 9.1%; P = 0.13), and pre-existing CHD was significantly associated with an increased risk of MACE (no CHD 4.3% vs. CHD 16.8%; P = 0.026). Consolidation durvalumab was not associated with an increased risk of MACE (no durvalumab 5.2% vs. durvalumab 7.4%; P = 0.89). Multivariate analysis showed that pre-existing CHD was significantly associated with MACE (hazard ratio, 4.22; 95% CI, 1.30-13.7; P = 0.016). CONCLUSION The incidence of MACE based on the real-world data in Japan was lower than previously reported. Pre-existing CHD was associated with an increased risk of MACE after CCRT in patients with stage III NSCLC, whereas the administration of consolidation durvalumab was not associated with an increased risk of MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kokubo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - N Kishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Matsuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ogura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kishiwada City Hospital, Kishiwada, Japan
| | - N Araki
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Fujii
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - S Okumura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - K Nakamatsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - T Kishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Atsuta
- Department of Radiology, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sakamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Otsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Katagiri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan
| | - M Narabayashi
- Department of Radiology, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - S Fujishiro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Y Iizuka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - H Ozasa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Mizowaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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21
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Kishi N, Matsuo Y, Ogura M, Kokubo M, Araki N, Fujii K, Okumura S, Nakamatsu K, Kishi T, Atsuta T, Sakamoto T, Otsu S, Katagiri T, Narabayashi M, Fujishiro S, Iizuka Y, Ozasa H, Hirai T, Mizowaki T. Real-World Study of Overall Survival in Patients with Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Chemoradiotherapy with or without Durvalumab and an Exploratory Analysis of Effective Radiation Dose to the Immune Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e29-e30. [PMID: 37785070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To investigate the real-world data on overall survival (OS) in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with or without consolidation durvalumab, and to perform an exploratory analysis on effective radiation dose to the immune cells (EDIC). MATERIALS/METHODS In our multi-institutional retrospective study, patients who received CCRT between July 2018 and July 2019 for stage III NSCLC in Japan were investigated. EDIC was estimated using mean lung dose, mean heart dose, body volume, body mean dose, and body weight, as reported in the secondary analysis of RTOG 0617. The cut-off value of EDIC was calculated using the maximally selected log-rank statistics. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-eight patients were eligible for the analysis (136 patients, CCRT with consolidation durvalumab [CCRT+D] cohort; 42 patients, CCRT cohort). The median follow-up period was 42.5 months. Three-year OS rates were 59.8% in the overall cohort: 60.5% in the CCRT+D cohort, and 58.0% in the CCRT cohort with no significant difference (hazard ratio [HR], 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-1.27; P = 0.29). Univariate analysis showed that ECOG-PS, smoking history, histology, EGFR mutational status, gross tumor volume and EDIC were significantly associated with OS. Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG-PS 2, gross tumor volume ≥ 57 cm3 and EDIC ≥ 4.4 Gy were associated with poor OS. Among 21 EGFR-mutated patients, 3 year-OS rates were 64.7% in the CCRT+D cohort and 100% in the CCRT cohort, while 3 year-OS rates were 68.8% and 58.7% among 90 EGFR wild-type patients. Three-year OS rates were 64.6% and 47.6% for EDIC < 4.4 Gy and EDIC ≥ 4.4 Gy in the overall cohort (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.14-2.90; P = 0.015). In the subgroup analysis, 66.3% vs. 44.4% in the CCRT+D cohort (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.17-3.47; P = 0.016), and 59.0% vs. 56.1% in the CCRT cohort (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.48-3.01; P = 0.70), respectively. CONCLUSION Our real-world data in Japan showed that there was no significant difference in OS between the CCRT+D cohort and the CCRT cohort. High EDIC could be a risk for poor OS in patients treated with CCRT and consolidation durvalumab compared with those treated with CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Matsuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ogura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kishiwada City Hospital, Kishiwada, Japan
| | - M Kokubo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - N Araki
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Fujii
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - S Okumura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - K Nakamatsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - T Kishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Atsuta
- Department of Radiology, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sakamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Otsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Katagiri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan
| | - M Narabayashi
- Department of Radiology, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - S Fujishiro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Y Iizuka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - H Ozasa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Mizowaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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22
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Terasaki H, Yamashita T, Funatsu R, Nomoto S, Fujiwara K, Shiihara H, Yamashita T, Sakamoto T. Effect of the macular shape on hole findings in idiopathic macular hole differs depending on the stage of the macular hole. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15367. [PMID: 37717123 PMCID: PMC10505151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between macular shape and idiopathic macular hole (MH) findings using an objective method. We present retrospective observational case series on patients with MH. The shape of the macular area was quantified using quadratic equations, and the ocular shape (OS) index was calculated. The correlation between the OS index and macular hole findings for each stage was evaluated. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a significant correlation between the OS index and horizontal hole diameter (p = 0.044), bottom diameter (p = 0.006), and vertical bottom diameter (p = 0.024) in stage 2. For stage 4, there was a negative and significant correlation between the OS index and age (p = 0.037), and horizontal (p = 0.021) and vertical (p = 0.027) bottom diameter. Multiple regression analysis showed that the horizontal (p = 0.0070) and vertical (p = 0.031) bottom diameter and OS index were independently and positively correlated in stage 2. In stage 4, the OS index was independently and negatively correlated with the horizontal (p = 0.037) and vertical (p = 0.048) bottom diameter. The ocular shape of the macula affects MH findings, and its impact depends on its stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Toshifumi Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shohei Nomoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fujiwara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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23
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Erratum: Charge-Sign Dependent Cosmic-Ray Modulation Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station [Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 211001 (2023)]. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:109902. [PMID: 37739390 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.109902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.211001.
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24
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Funatsu R, Terasaki H, Sonoda S, Shiihara H, Mihara N, Sakamoto T. A Photodynamic Therapy Index for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy to Predict Visual Prognosis Using Pretreatment Factors. Am J Ophthalmol 2023; 253:86-95. [PMID: 37182730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to establish a treatment index based on functional outcomes of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). DESIGN A retrospective clinical case-control study. METHODS This was a single-institute study. Eighty (80) eyes with CSC, who were treated by PDT and whose subretinal fluid resolves within 6 months were divided into two groups: those with poor visual outcome (PVO) (best-corrected visual acuity [BCVA] ≤ 0.5 6 months post-PDT), and the remaining eyes (better visual outcome [BVO]). The areas under the curve (AUC) and cutoff values from receiver operating characteristic curves were examined. These was used to predict the groups using pretreatment BCVA and the thickness of each retinochoroidal layer. RESULT Twenty-one (21) eyes were in the PVO group and 59 eyes in the BVO group were included. The AUCs were 0.959 for BCVA, 0.959 for the thickness from the internal limiting membrane to the external limiting membrane (IET), 0.820 for the thickness from the external limiting membrane to the photoreceptor outer segment layer, 0.715 for the subfoveal retinal thickness, and 0.515 for the subfoveal choroidal thickness. The BCVA and IET cut-off values were 0.267 logMAR and 71.5 µm, respectively. Using the combination of the cutoff values of BCVA and IET, the highest values for the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 95.2%, 94.9%, 85.0%, and 98.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION The combination of pre-PDT BCVA and IET in CSC can accurately predict the post-treatment visual prognosis. These values could be used as a treatment index of PDT for CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoh Funatsu
- From Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- From Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- From Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- From Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naohisa Mihara
- From Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- From Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
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25
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Danese C, Kale AU, Aslam T, Lanzetta P, Barratt J, Chou YB, Eldem B, Eter N, Gale R, Korobelnik JF, Kozak I, Li X, Li X, Loewenstein A, Ruamviboonsuk P, Sakamoto T, Ting DS, van Wijngaarden P, Waldstein SM, Wong D, Wu L, Zapata MA, Zarranz-Ventura J. The impact of artificial intelligence on retinal disease management: Vision Academy retinal expert consensus. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2023; 34:396-402. [PMID: 37326216 PMCID: PMC10399953 DOI: 10.1097/icu.0000000000000980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this review is to define the "state-of-the-art" in artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled devices that support the management of retinal conditions and to provide Vision Academy recommendations on the topic. RECENT FINDINGS Most of the AI models described in the literature have not been approved for disease management purposes by regulatory authorities. These new technologies are promising as they may be able to provide personalized treatments as well as a personalized risk score for various retinal diseases. However, several issues still need to be addressed, such as the lack of a common regulatory pathway and a lack of clarity regarding the applicability of AI-enabled medical devices in different populations. SUMMARY It is likely that current clinical practice will need to change following the application of AI-enabled medical devices. These devices are likely to have an impact on the management of retinal disease. However, a consensus needs to be reached to ensure they are safe and effective for the overall population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Danese
- Department of Medicine – Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, AP-HP Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Aditya U. Kale
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation & Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Tariq Aslam
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester School of Health Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Paolo Lanzetta
- Department of Medicine – Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Microchirurgia Oculare, Udine, Italy
| | - Jane Barratt
- International Federation on Ageing, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yu-Bai Chou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bora Eldem
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nicole Eter
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Münster Medical Center, Münster, Germany
| | - Richard Gale
- Department of Ophthalmology, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
| | - Jean-François Korobelnik
- Service d’ophtalmologie, CHU Bordeaux
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, UMR1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Igor Kozak
- Moorfields Eye Hospital Centre, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Anat Loewenstein
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paisan Ruamviboonsuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Daniel S.W. Ting
- Singapore National Eye Center, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Peter van Wijngaarden
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - David Wong
- Unity Health Toronto – St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lihteh Wu
- Macula, Vitreous and Retina Associates of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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26
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Chou YB, Kale AU, Lanzetta P, Aslam T, Barratt J, Danese C, Eldem B, Eter N, Gale R, Korobelnik JF, Kozak I, Li X, Li X, Loewenstein A, Ruamviboonsuk P, Sakamoto T, Ting DS, van Wijngaarden P, Waldstein SM, Wong D, Wu L, Zapata MA, Zarranz-Ventura J. Current status and practical considerations of artificial intelligence use in screening and diagnosing retinal diseases: Vision Academy retinal expert consensus. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2023; 34:403-413. [PMID: 37326222 PMCID: PMC10399944 DOI: 10.1097/icu.0000000000000979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in screening and diagnosing retinal diseases may play an important role in telemedicine and has potential to shape modern healthcare ecosystems, including within ophthalmology. RECENT FINDINGS In this article, we examine the latest publications relevant to AI in retinal disease and discuss the currently available algorithms. We summarize four key requirements underlining the successful application of AI algorithms in real-world practice: processing massive data; practicability of an AI model in ophthalmology; policy compliance and the regulatory environment; and balancing profit and cost when developing and maintaining AI models. SUMMARY The Vision Academy recognizes the advantages and disadvantages of AI-based technologies and gives insightful recommendations for future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bai Chou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Aditya U. Kale
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation & Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paolo Lanzetta
- Department of Medicine – Ophthalmology, University of Udine
- Istituto Europeo di Microchirurgia Oculare, Udine, Italy
| | - Tariq Aslam
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester School of Health Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Jane Barratt
- International Federation on Ageing, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carla Danese
- Department of Medicine – Ophthalmology, University of Udine
- Department of Ophthalmology, AP-HP Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bora Eldem
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nicole Eter
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Münster Medical Center, Münster, Germany
| | - Richard Gale
- Department of Ophthalmology, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
| | - Jean-François Korobelnik
- Service d’ophtalmologie, CHU Bordeaux
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, UMR1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Igor Kozak
- Moorfields Eye Hospital Centre, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Anat Loewenstein
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paisan Ruamviboonsuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Daniel S.W. Ting
- Singapore National Eye Center, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Peter van Wijngaarden
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - David Wong
- Unity Health Toronto – St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lihteh Wu
- Macula, Vitreous and Retina Associates of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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27
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Ishida S, Chen SJ, Murata T, Ogura Y, Ruamviboonsuk P, Sakamoto T, Fujita T, Kawano M, Ohsawa S, Abreu F, Haskova Z, Ives J, Silverman D, Yoon YH. Efficacy, Durability, and Safety of Faricimab in Patients From Asian Countries With Diabetic Macular Edema: 1-Year Subgroup Analysis of the Phase III YOSEMITE and RHINE Trials. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2023; 12:451-459. [PMID: 37851562 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the 1-year efficacy, durability, and safety of faricimab in patients with diabetic macular edema from Asian and non-Asian countries. DESIGN Global, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, active comparator-controlled, phase III trials. METHODS Subgroup analysis of patients from Asian (N=144) and non-Asian (N=1747) countries randomized to faricimab 6.0 mg every 8 weeks (Q8W), faricimab per personalized treatment interval (PTI), or aflibercept 2.0 mg Q8W in the YOSEMITE/RHINE (NCT03622580/NCT03622593) trials. Primary endpoint: best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes from baseline at 1 year, averaged over weeks 48, 52, and 56. RESULTS Mean BCVA change from baseline at 1 year in the Asian country subgroup was similar between arms: faricimab Q8W (n=50), +10.9 (95% CI: 8.6-13.2); faricimab PTI (n=48) +10.0 (7.7-12.4) letters; aflibercept Q8W (n=46) +9.0 (6.6-11.4) letters. BCVA gains in the non-Asian country subgroup (n=582, 584, 581) were +11.3 (10.5-12.1), +11.2 (10.5-12.0), and +10.7 (9.9-11.5) letters, respectively. At 1 year, 49% of Asian country patients in the faricimab PTI arm achieved Q16W dosing (vs. 52% non-Asian) and 78% achieved ≥Q12W dosing (vs. 72% non-Asian). Anatomic improvementswere generally greater with faricimab versus aflibercept and similar between the Asian and non-Asian country subgroups. Faricimab was well tolerated, with no new safety signals. CONCLUSIONS Vision, durability, anatomic, and safety outcomes were generally similar between the Asian and non-Asian country subgroups, suggesting that global YOSEMITE/RHINE results may be generalized to the Asian population. These data support the benefit-risk profile of faricimab for treating Asian patients with diabetic macular edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shih-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Toshinori Murata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ogura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Paisan Ruamviboonsuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jane Ives
- Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire
| | | | - Young Hee Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Sugisawa T, Ishikawa H, Uchida K, Takesue Y, Mori J, Kinoshita T, Morikawa S, Okamoto F, Sawada T, Ohji M, Kanda T, Takeuchi M, Miki A, Kusuhara S, Ueda T, Ogata N, Sugimoto M, Kondo M, Yoshida S, Ogata T, Kimura K, Mitamura Y, Jujo T, Takagi H, Terasaki H, Sakamoto T, Komuku Y, Gomi F. Risk Factors for Legal Blindness in 77 Japanese Patients with Endogenous Endophthalmitis: A Multicenter Cohort Study from J-CREST. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023; 31:1505-1512. [PMID: 36007241 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2112237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated potential predictive factors for visual prognosis in Japanese patients with endogenous endophthalmitis. DESIGN Retrospective observational multicenter cohort study. METHODS We examined the characteristics of 77 Japanese patients with endogenous endophthalmitis and performed statistical analyses of these real-world data. The primary endpoint was the identification of factors associated with visual prognosis. We examined differences between patients in the better vision and legal blindness groups at 12 weeks after treatment initiation. RESULTS The five risk factors for visual impairment at 12 weeks after treatment initiation were presence of pressure injuries, severe clinical symptoms (presence of eye pain and ciliary injection), pathogen identification, and poor best-corrected visual acuity at baseline. Staphylococcus aureus and fungus were associated with a better visual impairment outcome. CONCLUSIONS Endogenous endophthalmitis remains a severe ocular infection; however, it can be managed with rapid treatments, as well as other advances in medical knowledge and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Sugisawa
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ishikawa
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mirai Eye & Skin Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Uchida
- Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takesue
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Junya Mori
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takamasa Kinoshita
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shohei Morikawa
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fumiki Okamoto
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sawada
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Masahito Ohji
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanda
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Masaru Takeuchi
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Akiko Miki
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sentaro Kusuhara
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ueda
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Nahoko Ogata
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sugimoto
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Mineo Kondo
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Shigeo Yoshida
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Ogata
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kimura
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Mitamura
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Jujo
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takagi
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Komuku
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Fumi Gomi
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical REtina STudy group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Yamashita T, Asaoka R, Iwase A, Sakai H, Terasaki H, Sakamoto T, Araie M. Sex determination using color fundus parameters in older adults of Kumejima population study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:2411-2419. [PMID: 36856844 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Deep learning artificial intelligence can determine the sex using only fundus photographs. However, the factors used by deep learning to determine the sex are not visible. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine whether the sex of an older individual can be determined by regression analysis of their color fundus photographs (CFPs). METHODS Forty-two parameters were analyzed by regression analysis using 1653 CFPs of normal subjects in the Kumajima study. The parameters included the mean values of red, green, and blue intensities; the tessellation fundus index; the optic disc ovality ratio; the papillomacular angle; and the retinal vessel angles. Finally, the L2 regularized binomial logistic regression was used to predict the sex using all the parameters, and the diagnostic ability was assessed through the leave-one-cross-validation. RESULTS The mean age of the 838 men and 815 women were 52.8 and 54.0 years, respectively. The ovality ratio and retinal artery angles in women were significantly smaller than that in men. The green intensity at all locations for the women were significantly higher than that of men (P < 0.001). The discrimination accuracy rate assessed by the area-under-the-curve was 80.4%. CONCLUSIONS Our methods can determine the sex from the CFPs of the adult with an accuracy of 80.4%. The ovality ratio, retinal vessel angles, tessellation, and the green intensities of the fundus are important factors to identify the sex in individuals over 40 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryo Asaoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Makoto Araie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanto Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Yanagi Y, Takahashi K, Iida T, Gomi F, Morii J, Kunikane E, Sakamoto T. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Ranibizumab Biosimilar for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:2005-2021. [PMID: 37171557 PMCID: PMC10287869 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00715-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is the world's leading cause of blindness in elderly people. While anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatments are used as the first option for patients with nAMD, they are generally expensive and need repeated injections. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapies, focusing on the newly launched ranibizumab biosimilar (RBZ BS) in patients with nAMD from a Japanese societal perspective. METHODS A Markov model was developed to simulate the lifetime transitions of a cohort of treatment-naïve patients with nAMD through health states that were based on the involvement of nAMD (single eye vs. both eyes), the treatment status of the patients, and decimal best-corrected visual acuity. The model compared RBZ BS with branded RBZ, aflibercept (AFL), and AFL as loading dose switched to RBZ BS in maintenance in the treat-and-extend (TAE) regimen (RBZ TAE, AFL TAE, and AFL to RBZ BS TAE, respectively), and with branded RBZ in the pro re nata (PRN) regimen, as well as best supportive care (BSC). All processes were validated by five clinical experts. RESULTS When TAE regimens were compared, RBZ BS was dominant (higher quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and lower total cost) to AFL TAE and AFL to RBZ TAE. The result was robust regardless of whether the clinical data were taken from the direct head-to-head clinical trial or from indirect treatment comparison. RBZ BS TAE was cost-saving compared to RBZ TAE. RBZ BS TAE was estimated to be dominant to BSC owing to a lower societal cost. Like TAE regimens, RBZ BS was cost-saving compared to RBZ PRN and was dominant to BSC in PRN regimens. CONCLUSION This study suggests that RBZ BS is dominant to other anti-VEGF treatments in patients with nAMD in both TAE and PRN regimens and BSC from a Japanese societal perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Yanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Microtechnology, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Kanji Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumi Gomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | | | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Sato T, Fujisawa T, Wada M, Mori T, Sakamoto T, Imada R, Matsui T, Nakajima K, Saitoh K. Design of silica-PLC LP 11 mode rotator based on adiabatic mode conversion. Opt Express 2023; 31:23910-23922. [PMID: 37475231 DOI: 10.1364/oe.493501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
A silica-based LP11 mode rotator, which is one of the basic and indispensable optical components for space division multiplexing, with multiple tapered trenches is proposed. Compared with the conventional interference-based LP11 mode rotator with a simple L-shape waveguide, the proposed LP11 mode rotator has many advantages in a mode conversion efficiency, an insertion loss, and a fabrication tolerance because the operation principle is based on the adiabatic mode conversion. By using an approach of the shortcut to adiabaticity, the proposed device is effectively miniaturized rather than the standard tapered structures. Among the LP11 mode rotators in the silica-based mode multi/demultiplexers, the proposed type will be a considerably promising candidate.
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Sugimoto M, Kozawa M, Matsui Y, Matsubara H, Kondo M, Sakamoto T. Effects of Perfluorocarbon Use during Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Surgery on Postoperative Outcomes. Ophthalmologica 2023; 246:219-226. [PMID: 37271123 DOI: 10.1159/000531342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) affects the rate of retinal re-attachments after an initial attachment by vitrectomy in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). METHODS This was a retrospective, observational, multicenter study of 3,446 eyes registered in the Japanese vitreoretinal surgery treatment information database. Of these, 2,648 eyes had undergone vitrectomy as the first surgery for RRD. The re-attachment rates after the primary vitrectomy with or without PFCL were evaluated. In addition, the significance of factors affecting the re-detachments was determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. The measured outcomes were the rates of re-attachments after the primary vitrectomy with or without the use of PFCL. RESULTS A total of 2,362 eyes in the database were analyzed: 325 had and 2,037 did not have PFCL injected into the vitreous cavity during the vitrectomy. The rate of re-attachments was 91.5% in the PFCL group and 93.2% in the non-PFCL group (p = 0.46, χ2 test). Although there were several risk factors associated with the re-detachments in eyes without PFCL (p < 0.05, Welch's t tests, and Fisher's exact tests), they were not associated in eyes with PFCL use. However, multivariate analyses showed that there was no significant association between the use and the non-use of PFCL in the rate of re-detachments (β = -0.08, p = 0.46). CONCLUSIONS The use of PFCL during the initial vitrectomy for RRD does not affect the rate of re-attachments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Sugimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Maki Kozawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Hisashi Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Mineo Kondo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Charge-Sign Dependent Cosmic-Ray Modulation Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:211001. [PMID: 37295105 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.211001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the observation of a charge-sign dependent solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope onboard the International Space Station over 6 yr, corresponding to the positive polarity of the solar magnetic field. The observed variation of proton count rate is consistent with the neutron monitor count rate, validating our methods for determining the proton count rate. It is observed by the Calorimetric Electron Telescope that both GCR electron and proton count rates at the same average rigidity vary in anticorrelation with the tilt angle of the heliospheric current sheet, while the amplitude of the variation is significantly larger in the electron count rate than in the proton count rate. We show that this observed charge-sign dependence is reproduced by a numerical "drift model" of the GCR transport in the heliosphere. This is a clear signature of the drift effect on the long-term solar modulation observed with a single detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Helium Spectrum from 40 GeV to 250 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:171002. [PMID: 37172251 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.171002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of a direct measurement of the cosmic-ray helium spectrum with the CALET instrument in operation on the International Space Station since 2015. The observation period covered by this analysis spans from October 13, 2015, to April 30, 2022 (2392 days). The very wide dynamic range of CALET allowed for the collection of helium data over a large energy interval, from ∼40 GeV to ∼250 TeV, for the first time with a single instrument in low Earth orbit. The measured spectrum shows evidence of a deviation of the flux from a single power law by more than 8σ with a progressive spectral hardening from a few hundred GeV to a few tens of TeV. This result is consistent with the data reported by space instruments including PAMELA, AMS-02, and DAMPE and balloon instruments including CREAM. At higher energy we report the onset of a softening of the helium spectrum around 30 TeV (total kinetic energy). Though affected by large uncertainties in the highest energy bins, the observation of a flux reduction turns out to be consistent with the most recent results of DAMPE. A double broken power law is found to fit simultaneously both spectral features: the hardening (at lower energy) and the softening (at higher energy). A measurement of the proton to helium flux ratio in the energy range from 60 GeV/n to about 60 TeV/n is also presented, using the CALET proton flux recently updated with higher statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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Matoba R, Morimoto N, Kawasaki R, Fujiwara M, Kanenaga K, Yamashita H, Sakamoto T, Morizane Y. A nationwide survey of newly certified visually impaired individuals in Japan for the fiscal year 2019: impact of the revision of criteria for visual impairment certification. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2023; 67:346-352. [PMID: 37067634 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-023-00986-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the status of visual impairment certification in Japan in the fiscal year 2019 and the impact of revising the criteria for visual impairment certification implemented in 2018. STUDY DESIGN Observational cross-sectional study. METHODS We requested welfare offices throughout Japan to submit data of age, sex, causative diseases, and visual impairment grades for newly certified visually impaired individuals aged ≥ 18 years during the fiscal year 2019. The certification was based on criteria of the Act on Welfare of Physically Disabled Persons. RESULTS Altogether, data were collected for 16,504 newly certified visually impaired individuals. The most common age group was 80-89 years (29.6%), followed by 70-79 (28.2%) and 60-69 (15.3%) years. The most common causative disease was glaucoma (40.7%), followed by retinitis pigmentosa (13.0%), diabetic retinopathy (10.2%), and macular degeneration (9.1%). The most common impairment grade was grade 2 (40.8%), followed by 5 (21.2%) and 1 (17.0%). Compared to the fiscal year 2015, there was a considerable increase in the number of individuals certified with glaucoma in the fiscal year 2019. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the number of individuals with certified grades 1 and 2 visual impairment, with a decrease in the number of individuals with certified grade 6 visual impairment. CONCLUSION The changes revealed in this study were primarily due to the revised certification criteria implemented in July 2018, indicating that it is important to review the certification criteria and to repeat surveys similar to the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Matoba
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Noriko Morimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ryo Kawasaki
- Department of Vision Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miyuki Fujiwara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kanenaga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | | | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Morizane
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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Funatsu R, Sonoda S, Terasaki H, Shiihara H, Mihara N, Horie J, Sakamoto T. NORMAL PERIPHERAL CHOROIDAL THICKNESS MEASURED BY WIDEFIELD OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY. Retina 2023; 43:490-497. [PMID: 36735890 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Choroidal stasis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many conditions and leads to choroidal thickening. However, the normal peripheral choroidal thickness (PCT) pattern remains unknown. This study investigated PCT and associated factors using ultrawidefield optical coherence tomography in healthy eyes. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 120 healthy eyes (57 males; age, 52.0 ± 20.5 years). We used choroidal thickness maps created by ultrawidefield optical coherence tomography (viewing angle, 200°) with real-shape correction. The peripheral area was defined from 60° to 100° and further separated vertically and horizontally. The PCT and the correlations between PCT and subjects' characteristics were examined. RESULTS The PCT were 227.1 ± 57.0 µ m, 199.6 ± 53.9 µ m, 196.6 ± 57.1 µ m, and 148.0 ± 38.2 µ m in supratemporal, infratemporal, supranasal, and infranasal areas, respectively. The thickest peripheral sector was most frequently observed in supratemporal (69.2%). The PCT negatively correlated with age in all regions ( P -values < 0.001) and axial length in supratemporal, supranasal, and infranasal areas ( P -values ≤ 0.003). The temporal PCT was thicker on the side contiguous with the posterior pole Haller's vessels ( P -values ≤ 0.020). CONCLUSION The PCT is associated with age, axial length, and the running pattern of Haller's vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan; and
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan; and
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan; and
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan; and
| | - Naohisa Mihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan; and
| | | | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan; and
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Parolini B, Arevalo JF, Hassan T, Kaiser P, Rezaei KA, Singh R, Sakamoto T, Rocha J, Frisina R. International Validation of Myopic Traction Maculopathy Staging System. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2023; 54:153-157. [PMID: 36944066 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20230217-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the interobserver agreement of the myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) staging system (MSS). PATIENTS AND METHODS Each observer was asked to look at the MSS Table and then identify, in each optical coherence tomography scan, one among four stages of MTM in the retina, one among three stages in the fovea, and, as secondary findings, the presence or absence of an outer lamellar macular hole and the presence or absence of epiretinal abnormalities. The interobserver agreement value was calculated using the Gwet's AC1 unweighted and AC2 weighted statistics. The outcomes were interpreted as poor (<0.00), slight (0.00 to 0.20), fair (0.21 to 0.40), moderate (0.41 to 0.60), substantial (0.61 to 0.80), or almost perfect (0.81 to 1.00) agreement. RESULTS The agreement, among 65 participants, was 0.62 (AC1) and 0.77 (AC2) for the retina stage; 0.63 (AC1) and 0.81 (AC2) for the fovea stage; 0.56 (AC1) for the outer lamellar macular hole; and 0.26 (AC1) for epiretinal abnormalities. CONCLUSION The MSS is highly reproducible and helps ophthalmologists to share information on MTM in a more accurate and reliable way. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2023;54(3):153-157.].
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Motose Y, Terasaki H, Ichiki M, Okawa M, Mihara N, Yoshinaga N, Sakamoto T. Simultaneous Occurrence of Buckle Infection and Migration: A Case Report. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030449. [PMID: 36984450 PMCID: PMC10054413 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: When scleral buckling is performed using a #240 encircling band anterior to the equator for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, buckle migration may occur anteriorly, eroding the rectus muscle. There are few cases of buckle migration occurring simultaneously with buckle infection. Notably, most previous reports included inadequate data on the pathophysiology of buckle migration and did not include the Hess test and perioperative images. Case presentation: A 36-year-old man with a history of atopic dermatitis underwent scleral buckling for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment of the left eye with #287 and #240 encircling bands at Kagoshima University Hospital. Four years later, he developed discharge, redness, and diplopia of the left eye. He was then referred to our hospital because buckle infection was suspected. The buckle was partially visible on the lower nasal side. Optical coherence tomography of the anterior chamber revealed the buckle to be on the nasal side and overlying the medial rectus muscle. Buckle migration and infection in the left eye was diagnosed, and early buckle removal was recommended. Two weeks later, on the day before surgery, conjunctival melting progressed in the nasal and inferior areas, and the buckle was exposed to a greater extent. In the surgical video at the initial surgery, the silicone band was confirmed to pass under the four rectus muscles, specifically the inferior and medial rectus muscles. At the beginning of the second surgery, we confirmed that the buckles were over the inferior and medial rectus muscles. As far as could be observed after buckle removal, the inferior and medial rectus muscles were not present at the normal location. Postoperatively, ocular pain and discharge quickly resolved. The subjective symptoms of diplopia also improved, and the postoperative Hess chart showed an improved ocular movement in the upward and lateral directions. Conclusions: Buckle migration is a rare postoperative complication of scleral buckling; however, patients at risk of buckle migration, such as those with encircling scleral buckle anterior to the eyeball, should be monitored with caution. If a buckle infection develops, buckle migration may occur within a short period, and early buckle removal should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(81)-99-275-5402; Fax: +(81)-99-265-4894
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Endo H, Kase S, Takahashi M, Ito Y, Sonoda S, Sakoguchi T, Sakamoto T, Katsuta S, Ishida S, Kase M. Changes in choriocapillaris structure occurring in idiopathic macular hole before and after vitrectomy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023:10.1007/s00417-023-06004-5. [PMID: 36795162 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze the anatomical choroidal vascular layers and the changes in idiopathic macular hole (IMH) eyes over time after vitrectomy. METHODS This is a retrospective observational case-control study. Fifteen eyes from 15 patients who received vitrectomy for IMH and age-matched 15 eyes from 15 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Retinal and choroidal structures were quantitatively analyzed before vitrectomy and 1 and 2 months after surgery using spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. Each choroidal vascular layer was divided into the choriocapillaris, Sattler's layer, and Haller's layer, and then, the choroidal area (CA), luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA), and central choroidal thickness (CCT) were calculated using binarization techniques. The ratio of LA to CA was defined as the L/C ratio. RESULTS The CA, LA, and L/C ratios were 36.9 ± 6.2, 23.4 ± 5.0, and 63.1 ± 7.2 in the choriocapillaris of IMH and were 47.3 ± 6.6, 38.3 ± 5.6, and 80.9 ± 4.1 in that of control eyes, respectively. Those values were significantly lower in IMH eyes than in control eyes (each P < 0.01), whereas there was no significant difference in total choroid, Sattler's layer, and Haller's layer or CCT. The ellipsoid zone defect length showed a significant negative correlation with the L/C ratio in total choroid and with CA and LA in the choriocapillaris of IMH (R = - 0.61, P < 0.05, R = - 0.77, P < 0.01, and R = - 0.71, P < 0.01, respectively). In the choriocapillaris, the LA were 23.4 ± 5.0, 27.7 ± 3.8, and 30.9 ± 4.4, and the L/C ratios were 63.1 ± 7.2, 74.3 ± 6.4, and 76.6 ± 5.4 at baseline, 1 month, and 2 months after vitrectomy, respectively. Those values showed a significant increase over time after surgery (each P < 0.05), whereas the other choroidal layers did not alter consistently with respect to changes in choroidal structure. CONCLUSIONS The current OCT-based study demonstrated that the choriocapillaris was exclusively disrupted between choroidal vascular structures in IMH, which may correlate with the ellipsoid zone defect. Furthermore, the L/C ratio of choriocapillaris recovered after IMH repair, suggesting an improved balance between supply and demand of oxygen that has collapsed due to temporary loss of central retinal function by IMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Endo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Kase
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N-15, W-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Katsuta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Susumu Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N-15, W-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Manabu Kase
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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Yoshimura A, Ishikawa H, Uchida K, Takesue Y, Mori J, Kinoshita T, Morikawa S, Okamoto F, Sawada T, Ohji M, Kanda T, Takeuchi M, Miki A, Kusuhara S, Ueda T, Ogata N, Sugimoto M, Kondo M, Yoshida S, Ogata T, Kimura K, Mitamura Y, Jujo T, Takagi H, Terasaki H, Sakamoto T, Sugisawa T, Komuku-Yamamoto Y, Gomi F. Risk Factors for Legal Blindness in 237 Japanese Patients with Exogenous Endophthalmitis: A Multicenter Cohort Study from J-CREST. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36701518 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2165111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated potential risk factors for visual prognosis in Japanese patients with exogenous endophthalmitis. METHODS In this retrospective observational multicenter cohort study, risk factors for legal blindness at 12 weeks after treatment initiation were evaluated based on patient characteristics, initial BCVA, causative events, pathogens, ocular symptoms, duration from symptom onset to initial treatment, and selected treatments. RESULTS Overall, 23.1% of eyes developed legal blindness. The six risk factors for legal blindness were presence of eye pain, pathogen identification, poor BCVA at the initial visit, longer duration from symptom onset to initial treatment, type of causative event, and type of causative pathogen. Regarding the type of causative pathogen, coagulase-negative staphylococci was associated with a better visual impairment outcome. CONCLUSION Exogenous endophthalmitis remains a severe ocular infection; however, it can be managed with rapid treatment, as well as other advances in medical knowledge and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Yoshimura
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ishikawa
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mirai Eye & Skin Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Uchida
- Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takesue
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Junya Mori
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takamasa Kinoshita
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shohei Morikawa
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fumiki Okamoto
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sawada
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Masahito Ohji
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanda
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Masaru Takeuchi
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Akiko Miki
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sentaro Kusuhara
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ueda
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Nahoko Ogata
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sugimoto
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Mineo Kondo
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Shigeo Yoshida
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Ogata
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kimura
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Mitamura
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Jujo
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takagi
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sugisawa
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yuki Komuku-Yamamoto
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Fumi Gomi
- J-CREST (Japan Clinical Retina Study group), Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Miyake M, Nakao SY, Morino K, Yasukura S, Mori Y, Ishihara K, Muraoka Y, Miyata M, Tamura H, Sakamoto T, Tsujikawa A. Effect of Duration of Macular Detachment on Visual Prognosis after Surgery for Macula-Off Retinal Detachment: Japan-Retinal Detachment Registry. Ophthalmol Retina 2023; 7:375-382. [PMID: 36707048 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between the duration of macular detachment (DMD) and visual prognosis in patients with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. PARTICIPANTS This study analyzed 719 eyes with macula-off rhegmatogenous RD registered with the Japan-Retinal Detachment Registry created by the Japan Retina and Vitreous Society. METHODS We included patients with macular detachment without a history of prior surgery, except cataract surgery and vitrectomy. Reoperation cases, hereditary RD, and macular hole RD were excluded. We compared the visual prognosis between patients with DMD of N days or less and those with DMD of N + 1 days or more (N = 2-5). For these 4 comparisons, the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) methodology was employed, to balance 20 baseline characteristics between the shorter and longer DMD groups. The baseline characteristics included age, sex, axial length, baseline visual acuity, operative procedures, and detailed characteristics of RD. P-values < 0.01 were considered statistically significant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 6 months after surgery. RESULTS The final analysis included 719 eyes. For all comparisons, the patients' backgrounds were well balanced after IPTW with standardized differences < 0.10. The IPTW regression analysis revealed that the BCVA after 6 months was significantly better after surgeries for DMD of ≤ 2 days than that for DMD of ≥ 3 days. Similarly, the 6-month BCVA for surgeries for DMD of ≤ 3 days was significantly better than that for surgeries for DMD of ≥ 4 days (differences in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution: -0.113, P = 9.1 × 10-7; -0.076, P = 1.6 × 10-3, respectively). On the other hand, there were no statistically significant differences for the other comparisons. CONCLUSIONS Earlier surgical treatment within 3 days from the onset of macular detachment should be considered, after accounting for social circumstances, such as weekends. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Miyake
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ya Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuya Morino
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shota Yasukura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishihara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Muraoka
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Miyata
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan; Japan Retina and Vitreous Society
| | | | - Akitaka Tsujikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Japan Retina and Vitreous Society
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Imanaga N, Terao N, Sonoda S, Sawaguchi S, Yamauchi Y, Sakamoto T, Koizumi H. Relationship Between Scleral Thickness and Choroidal Structure in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:16. [PMID: 36662534 PMCID: PMC9872835 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a retinal disorder characterized by serous retinal detachment with or without pigment epithelial detachment in the posterior pole of the eye. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between scleral thickness and choroidal structure in CSC eyes. Methods This single-center retrospective study included 111 eyes of 111 CSC patients. Using swept-source optical coherence tomography, the horizontal cross-sectional images of the posterior choroid were converted to binary images by semiautomated software. The luminal and stromal areas of the choroid were measured, and the luminal/stromal (L/S) ratios of the whole choroid (WC), inner choroid, and outer choroid (OC) at 1500 µm, 3000 µm, and 7500 µm ranges centered on the fovea were calculated. Correlations of L/S ratio and age, spherical equivalent, axial length, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT), and scleral thickness were determined. Scleral thickness was measured vertically, 6 mm posterior to the scleral spur in four directions. Results SCT and mean scleral thickness were significantly positively correlated with the L/S ratio in all ranges of WC and OC. Multiple regression analysis found that SCT and mean scleral thickness were significantly correlated with the L/S ratio, and the strength of correlation of mean scleral thickness (WC: 0.386, P < 0.001; OC: 0.391, P < 0.001) was greater than that of SCT (WC: 0.368, P < 0.001; OC: 0.383, P < 0.001) in 7500 µm range. Conclusions Thick sclera appeared to play a role in an increase in the luminal component of the posterior choroid in CSC eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Imanaga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Terao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shota Sawaguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yukihide Yamauchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Koizumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Funatsu R, Sonoda S, Terasaki H, Shiihara H, Mihara N, Horie J, Sakamoto T. Effect of photodynamic therapy on choroid of the medial area from optic disc in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282057. [PMID: 36809529 PMCID: PMC9942968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the choroid of medial area from optic disc and factors correlated with treatment outcomes, we evaluated choroidal changes using ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography (UWF-OCT) after PDT for central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS In this retrospective case-series, we included CSC patients who received a standard-dose of full-fluence PDT. UWF-OCT were examined at baseline and 3 months after treatment. We measured choroidal thickness (CT), classified into central, middle, and peripheral sectors. We examined CT changes after PDT by sectors and treatment outcome. RESULTS Twenty-two eyes of 21 patients (20 males; mean age 58.7 ± 12.3 years) were included. CT reduction after PDT was significant in all sectors, including peripheral areas: supratemporal, 330.5 ± 90.6 μm vs. 237.0 ± 53.2 μm; infratemporal, 240.0 ± 89.4 μm vs. 209.9 ± 55.1 μm; supranasal, 237.7 ± 59.8 vs 209.3 ± 69.3 μm; infranasal, 172.6 ± 47.2 μm vs. 155.1 ± 38.2 μm (P < 0.001, for all). In patients with retinal fluid resolution, despite no apparent difference in baseline CT, there was more significant reduction after PDT in supratemporal and supranasal peripheral sectors, compared with patients without resolution: supratemporal, 41.9 ± 30.3 μm vs. -1.6 ± 22.7 μm; supranasal, 24.7 ± 15.3 μm vs. 8.5 ± 3.6 μm (P < 0.019, for both). CONCLUSIONS Whole CT decreased after PDT, including in medial areas from optic disc. This may be associated with the treatment response of PDT for CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naohisa Mihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Yamakuchi M, Okawa M, Takenouchi K, Bibek A, Yamada S, Inoue K, Higurashi K, Tabaru A, Tanoue K, Oyama Y, Higashi S, Fujisaki C, Kanda H, Terasaki H, Sakamoto T, Soga Y, Hashiguchi T. VEGF-A165 is the predominant VEGF-A isoform in platelets, while VEGF-A121 is abundant in serum and plasma from healthy individuals. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284131. [PMID: 37027444 PMCID: PMC10081782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) plays pivotal roles in regulating tumor angiogenesis as well as physiological vascular function. The major VEGF-A isoforms, VEGF-A121 and VEGF-A165, in serum, plasma, and platelets have not been exactly evaluated due to the lack of the appropriate assay system. Antibodies against human VEGF-A121 and VEGF-A165 (hVEGF-A121 and hVEGF-A165) were successfully produced and Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) for hVEGF-A121 and hVEGF-A165 were separately created by these monoclonal antibodies. The measurement of recombinant hVEGF-A121 and hVEGF-A165 by the created ELISA showed no cross-reaction between hVEGF-A121 and hVEGF-A165 in conditioned media from HEK293 cells transfected with either hVEGF-A121 or hVEGF-A165 expression vector. The levels of VEGF-A121 and VEGF-A165 in serum, plasma, and platelets from 59 healthy volunteers proved that VEGF-A121 level was higher than VEGF-A165 in both plasma and serum in all the cases. VEGF-A121 or VEGF-A165 in serum represented higher level than that in plasma. In contrast, the level of VEGF-A165 was higher than VEGF-A121 in platelets. The newly developed ELISAs for hVEGF-A121 and hVEGF-A165 revealed different ratios of VEGF isoforms in serum, plasma, and platelets. Measuring these isoforms in combination provides useful information as biomarkers for diseases involving VEGF-A121 and VEGF-A165.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munekazu Yamakuchi
- Department of Laboratory and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masashi Okawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazunori Takenouchi
- Department of Laboratory and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Aryal Bibek
- Department of Laboratory and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Akito Tabaru
- Department of Laboratory and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Tanoue
- Kagoshima University Hospital Clinical Laboratory, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoko Oyama
- Department of Laboratory and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sadayuki Higashi
- Department of Laboratory and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Chieko Fujisaki
- Kagoshima University Hospital Clinical Laboratory, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kanda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Soga
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Teruto Hashiguchi
- Department of Laboratory and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Shiihara H, Sonoda S, Terasaki H, Fujiwara K, Funatsu R, Shiba Y, Kumagai Y, Honda N, Sakamoto T. Wayfinding artificial intelligence to detect clinically meaningful spots of retinal diseases: Artificial intelligence to help retina specialists in real world practice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283214. [PMID: 36972243 PMCID: PMC10042340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM/BACKGROUND To aim of this study is to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) that aids in the thought process by providing retinal clinicians with clinically meaningful or abnormal findings rather than just a final diagnosis, i.e., a "wayfinding AI." METHODS Spectral domain optical coherence tomography B-scan images were classified into 189 normal and 111 diseased eyes. These were automatically segmented using a deep-learning based boundary-layer detection model. During segmentation, the AI model calculates the probability of the boundary surface of the layer for each A-scan. If this probability distribution is not biased toward a single point, layer detection is defined as ambiguous. This ambiguity was calculated using entropy, and a value referred to as the ambiguity index was calculated for each OCT image. The ability of the ambiguity index to classify normal and diseased images and the presence or absence of abnormalities in each layer of the retina were evaluated based on the area under the curve (AUC). A heatmap, i.e., an ambiguity-map, of each layer, that changes the color according to the ambiguity index value, was also created. RESULTS The ambiguity index of the overall retina of the normal and disease-affected images (mean ± SD) were 1.76 ± 0.10 and 2.06 ± 0.22, respectively, with a significant difference (p < 0.05). The AUC used to distinguish normal and disease-affected images using the ambiguity index was 0.93, and was 0.588 for the internal limiting membrane boundary, 0.902 for the nerve fiber layer/ganglion cell layer boundary, 0.920 for the inner plexiform layer/inner nuclear layer boundary, 0.882 for the outer plexiform layer/outer nuclear layer boundary, 0.926 for the ellipsoid zone line, and 0.866 for the retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane boundary. Three representative cases reveal the usefulness of an ambiguity map. CONCLUSIONS The present AI algorithm can pinpoint abnormal retinal lesions in OCT images, and its localization is known at a glance when using an ambiguity map. This will help diagnose the processes of clinicians as a wayfinding tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Shiihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Sonoda Eye Clinic, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fujiwara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Cosmic-Ray Boron Flux Measured from 8.4 GeV/n to 3.8 TeV/n with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:251103. [PMID: 36608255 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.251103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present the measurement of the energy dependence of the boron flux in cosmic rays and its ratio to the carbon flux in an energy interval from 8.4 GeV/n to 3.8 TeV/n based on the data collected by the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) during ∼6.4 yr of operation on the International Space Station. An update of the energy spectrum of carbon is also presented with an increase in statistics over our previous measurement. The observed boron flux shows a spectral hardening at the same transition energy E_{0}∼200 GeV/n of the C spectrum, though B and C fluxes have different energy dependences. The spectral index of the B spectrum is found to be γ=-3.047±0.024 in the interval 25<E<200 GeV/n. The B spectrum hardens by Δγ_{B}=0.25±0.12, while the best fit value for the spectral variation of C is Δγ_{C}=0.19±0.03. The B/C flux ratio is compatible with a hardening of 0.09±0.05, though a single power-law energy dependence cannot be ruled out given the current statistical uncertainties. A break in the B/C ratio energy dependence would support the recent AMS-02 observations that secondary cosmic rays exhibit a stronger hardening than primary ones. We also perform a fit to the B/C ratio with a leaky-box model of the cosmic-ray propagation in the Galaxy in order to probe a possible residual value λ_{0} of the mean escape path length λ at high energy. We find that our B/C data are compatible with a nonzero value of λ_{0}, which can be interpreted as the column density of matter that cosmic rays cross within the acceleration region.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508 Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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Tomita M, Yamashita T, Terasaki H, Yoshihara N, Kakiuchi N, Sakamoto T. Success Rate of Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Biometry of Eyes of Elementary School Students. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:3607-3612. [PMID: 36345531 PMCID: PMC9636880 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s378286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the success rate of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometry (OA-2000) in elementary school students. METHODS This was a prospective observational longitudinal study of 115 right eyes of elementary school students who were 8- to 9-years-old at the initial examination. Biometric measurements of the eyes were performed annually for three years, viz., during the third, fourth, and fifth grades. The success rates of obtaining data from optical biometric measurements of the axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), pupillary diameter (PD), corneal diameter (CD), and corneal curvature (CC) were determined. RESULTS The AL, CCT, and CC could be measured in all images at the three measurement times in all subjects. The success rate of the measurements of the ACD was 92.2% in the third grade and 100% in the fourth and fifth grade. The LT was successfully measured in 88.7% in the third grade, 99.1% in the fourth grade, and 100% in the fifth grade. The PD was successfully measured in 100% of the third grade, 96.0% of the fourth grade, and 100% in the fifth grade. The CD was successfully measured in 84.3% in the third grade, 66% in the fourth grade, and 100% in the fifth grade. CONCLUSION SS-OCT can obtain accurate measures of all ocular parameters in the primary school students with high success rates. However, care should be taken especially in analyzing the ACD, LT, PD, and CD because errors can occur in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Tomita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan,Correspondence: Hiroto Terasaki, Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan, Tel +81 99-275-5402, Fax +81 99-265-4894, Email
| | - Naoya Yoshihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naoko Kakiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Miyake M, Akiyama M, Kashiwagi K, Sakamoto T, Oshika T. Japan Ocular Imaging Registry: a national ophthalmology real-world database. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2022; 66:499-503. [PMID: 36138192 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-022-00941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In 2017, the Japanese Ophthalmological Society (JOS) created the Japan Ocular Imaging (JOI) registry, a national database of images and clinical data in the field of ophthalmology in Japan. The JOI registry automatically transfers the information stored in the electronic medical records of each institution to the cloud storage governed by the JOS. This process adheres to Japanese laws and regulations such as the Act on the Protection of Personal Information and the relevant laws of Japan, the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Biological Research Involving Human Subjects, and the Medical Information System Security Management Guideline of Japan. The JOI registry works closely with academia in ophthalmology, as well as the Japan Association for Medical Informatics, the Japan Ophthalmic Instrument Association, and manufacturers of ophthalmic medical devices. The collected data will be used in studies and surveys to improve the quality of ophthalmic care. The JOI registry has been created as a common asset for the entire ophthalmology field, and welcomes participation of related institutions to utilize the infrastructure to promote multicenter joint research and development. The JOI registry network intends to cover all ophthalmological facilities, including clinics. However, the project is currently being conducted with the cooperation of 22 university hospitals, one private hospital, and two health checkup facilities. As of October 2021, six facilities are connected to the JOI registry network; it comprises a total of 486,189 fundus images, 25,224 optical coherence tomography images, and 11,565 visual field results, among others, are stored in the JOI registry. This project was initially funded by a national funding agency, the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) (ICT Infrastructure Establishment and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence for Clinical and Medical Research, 2017-2019). The General Incorporated Association Japan Ocular Imaging Registry was established in 2019, following which the association is managing the JOI registry under the governance of the JOS. The JOI registry is aiming to become a large-scale real-world database comparable to the Intelligent Research in Sight registry of the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Miyake
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin, Kawahara, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. .,Japanese Society of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology, 3-10-5, Nihonbashi, Chuoku, Tokyo, 1038276, Japan.
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Japanese Society of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology, 3-10-5, Nihonbashi, Chuoku, Tokyo, 1038276, Japan.,Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Kashiwagi
- Japanese Society of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology, 3-10-5, Nihonbashi, Chuoku, Tokyo, 1038276, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Japanese Society of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology, 3-10-5, Nihonbashi, Chuoku, Tokyo, 1038276, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Oshika
- Japanese Society of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology, 3-10-5, Nihonbashi, Chuoku, Tokyo, 1038276, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Sakamoto T, Shimura M, Kitano S, Ohji M, Ogura Y, Yamashita H, Suzaki M, Mori K, Kozawa M, Yap PS, Kaneko T, Ishibashi T. Two-year visual and psychological outcomes of ranibizumab and subsequent treatment for diabetic macular oedema in Japan (MERCURY). BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2022; 7:e001069. [PMCID: PMC9621165 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2022-001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We report the 2-year visual and psychological outcomes of the MERCURY study, examining the long-term effectiveness and safety of ranibizumab and subsequent therapy in Japanese patients with diabetic macular oedema with impaired visual acuity (VA) in the real-world setting. Methods and analysis This was a 24-month, phase 4, open-label, single-arm, multicentre, prospective, observational study. Following an initial dose of ranibizumab (0.5 mg) by intravitreal injection (0.05 mL), treatment was administered as needed after month 1. The primary treated eye (PTE) was the first eye that received a ranibizumab injection. Results In total, 209 patients were enrolled; 192 (91.9%) and 174 (83.3%) completed months 12 and 24, respectively. In the PTE set, mean±SD changes in best-corrected VA (BCVA) from baseline to months 12 (primary endpoint) and 24 were −0.08±0.35 (p=0.015) and −0.13±0.30 (p<0.001) logarithmic minimum angle of resolution, respectively. Mean±SD central subfoveal thickness (CSFT) changes from baseline to months 12 and 24 were −102.3±146.1 µm (p<0.001) and −103.6±157.2 µm (p<0.001), respectively. Patients receiving three injections during the first 2 months had greater BCVA improvements throughout the study than those receiving 1–2 consecutive injections. Overall, 91 (43.5%) and 130 (62.2%) patients had ocular and non-ocular adverse events, respectively. At month 24, the mean±SD Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-Anxiety and HADS-Depression scores decreased by 0.44±3.75 (p=0.196) and 0.19±3.38 (p=0.541), respectively. Conclusions At 24 months after initiation of ranibizumab and subsequent treatment, patients showed significant BCVA and CSFT improvements. Long-term treatment was considered safe and tolerable and did not lead to worsened psychological status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masahiko Shimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Kitano
- Diabetes Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahito Ohji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ogura
- Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA (present affiliation),Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzaki
- Medical Division, Novartis Pharma K.K, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimie Mori
- Medical Division, Novartis Pharma K.K, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanari Kozawa
- Medical Division, Novartis Pharma K.K, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Poh Sin Yap
- Novartis Corporation Sdn. Bhd, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Takeumi Kaneko
- Medical Division, Novartis Pharma K.K, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, de Nolfo GA, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Observation of Spectral Structures in the Flux of Cosmic-Ray Protons from 50 GeV to 60 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:101102. [PMID: 36112450 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A precise measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is presented in the energy interval from 50 GeV to 60 TeV, and the observation of a softening of the spectrum above 10 TeV is reported. The analysis is based on the data collected during ∼6.2 years of smooth operations aboard the International Space Station and covers a broader energy range with respect to the previous proton flux measurement by CALET, with an increase of the available statistics by a factor of ∼2.2. Above a few hundred GeV we confirm our previous observation of a progressive spectral hardening with a higher significance (more than 20 sigma). In the multi-TeV region we observe a second spectral feature with a softening around 10 TeV and a spectral index change from -2.6 to -2.9 consistently, within the errors, with the shape of the spectrum reported by DAMPE. We apply a simultaneous fit of the proton differential spectrum which well reproduces the gradual change of the spectral index encompassing the lower energy power-law regime and the two spectral features observed at higher energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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