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Battistin T, Trentin S, Polato E, Reffo ME. Hollman Facilitations: A user-friendly tool of supporting children with visual impairment and their families in daily life. MethodsX 2024; 12:102656. [PMID: 38524308 PMCID: PMC10960141 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Robert Hollman Foundation (RHF) designed "Hollman Facilitations" (HF), a user-friendly way of supporting children with visual impairment (VI) and their families on a daily basis. This tool consists of specifically designed pictures on simple A4 sheets, which highlight with images and captions the key aspects of these children's everyday lives. Professionals can easily modify Hollman Facilitations to customize them to the unique developmental needs of every single child with VI and to their individualized strengths and weaknesses. This type of support acts as a reminder, to help families keep in mind what is essential for their children with VI in everyday life. HF are also useful for professionals because they give a clear, at-a-glance overview of the needs of visually impaired children, helping their communication with their families. In order to understand the perceived effectiveness of this tool, a questionnaire was designed and sent to 49 families, asking their opinions and satisfaction levels regarding its clarity, adequacy, usability and usefulness. 36 parents answered reporting overall very high satisfaction levels. A second questionnaire was sent to 29 RHF professionals to collect their opinions regarding HF usability and usefulness and the majority of them was very satisfied of its use in their daily work. This data supports overall this tool, which can be also easily replicated and also potentially used in other settings, beyond the field of visual impairment. •HF support children with VI and their families substantially and works as a reminder of what the professionals found in their consultations, to be fundamental for the children to promote the use of their functional vision and their strengths and to consequently improve the quality of their daily lives•HF favour a better communication between health professionals and families of children with VI, sharing therapeutic indications through the adoption of a customized, user-friendly, everyday tool by integrating pictures and text with oral communication•HF help professionals to identify strategies that best promote the overall development of children with visual impairment and to express them in an understandable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Battistin
- Robert Hollman Foundation, Padova and Cannero Riviera (VB), Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Trentin
- Robert Hollman Foundation, Padova and Cannero Riviera (VB), Italy
| | - Enrica Polato
- Giovanni Maria Bertin, Department of Education Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - RHF working team
- Robert Hollman Foundation, Padova and Cannero Riviera (VB), Italy
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Marta A, Miranda V, Lume M, Parreira R, Azevedo Soares C, Menéres MJ, Lemos C, Melo Beirão J. The Visual Impairment of Inherited Retinal Diseases in Portugal as per the National Table of Disabilities. Ophthalmol Sci 2024; 4:100443. [PMID: 38304608 PMCID: PMC10831172 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2023.100443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the visual impairment of patients with inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), as per the national table of disabilities (TNI). Design Retrospective, single-center cohort study. Participants Patients with a clinical diagnosis of IRD were recruited at a referral center in Portugal. Methods Demographics and clinical data were collected from each individual patient file. The estimated visual disability coefficient was calculated through the evaluation of 7 graduated categories: orbital or eyelid deformities, low vision, visual field change, loss of bi-foveolar fixation, oculomotor palsy, photophobia, and chronic conjunctivitis. The TNI provides minimum and maximum disability values for numerous conditions within each category, which were summed to calculate an overall summary disability coefficient for each patient. Main Outcome Measures Demographic/clinical and estimated minimum and maximum visual disability coefficient according to the TNI for each patient. Results This study included 253 patients from 214 families, aged 3 to 80 years, with a mean age of 39.8 ± 20.0 years. The mean estimated minimum and maximum visual disability coefficients as per the TNI were 0.6 ± 0.4 and 0.7 ± 0.4, respectively. The low vision was the single most frequent contributor category (21.7%) present in the calculation of visual impairment. Low vision and visual field changes were the most frequent double combination (18.2%), and the addition of loss of bi-foveolar fixation was the most frequent triple combination (8.3%). Conclusions This study found that IRD patients had a significant visual disability, with the majority having a disability coefficient ≥0.6, which would qualify them for a "multipurpose disability medical certificate." Financial Disclosures The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, EPE (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Vasco Miranda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, EPE (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Lume
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, EPE (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Parreira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, EPE (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal
| | - Célia Azevedo Soares
- Medical Genetics Department, Centro de Genética Médica Jacinto Magalhães, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, EPE (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Medical Science Department, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Menéres
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, EPE (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Lemos
- Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Melo Beirão
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, EPE (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
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Stöhr M, Dekowski D, Bechrakis N, Oeverhaus M, Eckstein A. Evaluation of a Retinal Projection Laser Eyeware in Patients with Visual Impairment Caused by Corneal Diseases in a Randomized Trial. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:545-556. [PMID: 38000547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with incurable corneal diseases experience visual impairment (VI) despite having a healthy retina and optic pathway. Low-vision aids (LVAs) can optimize the use of remaining vision through magnification and contrast enhancement, but do not harness the full visual capacity because they rely on the optic media. Therefore, we investigated a novel laser eyewear (LEW) technology that bypasses the anterior segment of the eye. Images captured by an integrated camera are projected directly onto the retina using a low-energy laser. The patient is able to view a full-color video, realized as augmented reality. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the LEW to enhance the vision of individuals with corneal diseases. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, crossover clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS We examined the retinal projection glasses in 21 patients (25-69 years) with VI (0.7 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR] or worse) resulting from corneal diseases. Patients with comorbidities that impact vision, such as retinal disorders, were excluded. METHODS Standardized measurements of visual acuity (VA) for near vision (NV) and distance vision (DV) were conducted using ETDRS charts with the respective best correction (BC) and then with LEW. In addition reading speed, vision-related quality of life (QoL) and capacity to carry out daily tasks were assessed at an initial visit and at 2 subsequent visits after a home phase with and without the device. Six weeks after last use of the LEW, an ophthalmologic examination including spectral-domain-OCT or full-field-electroretinography was conducted and compared with baseline findings to evaluate the safety of the device. Four patients participated and completed a subsequent 12-month follow-up phase. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Improvement of VA using the LEW. Secondary objectives included safety, reading speed, QoL, and usability in daily activities. RESULTS The mean VA in patients with VI was improved by 0.43 logMAR in DV using the LEW compared with BC (P < 0.0001). Using the ×2 magnification mode of the LEW resulted in an average improvement of 0.66 logMAR compared with BC (P < 0.0001). In NV, an increase of 0.47 logMAR was achieved compared with BC (P < 0.0001). Although only 4 of 21 participants were able to read with BC, 17 of 21 participants were able to read with the LEW. Quality of life significantly improved in the 17 participants who completed all visits. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that the retinal projection glasses resulted in enhanced VA for all participants by directly projecting images onto the intact retina. In future, the LEW could represent a new option as an LVA for patients with corneal diseases. No pathological alterations were observed in the safety assessments. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareile Stöhr
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Dirk Dekowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Michael Oeverhaus
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anja Eckstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Sharma M, Huertas L, Shah S, Gil A, Bitrian E, Chang TC. Compliance with web content accessibility guidelines in ophthalmology social media posts. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9142. [PMID: 38644414 PMCID: PMC11033289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59838-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This is a cross-sectional exploratory analysis of publicly available Internet data to examine compliance to web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG) on patient education social media posts in ophthalmology. WCAG ensures web content accessibility for those with disabilities (including visual impairment). A total of 100 social media posts were sampled from ten ophthalmology patient education social media pages and ten non-ophthalmology (cardiopulmonary) pages as the comparison group. Three independent graders evaluated the selected posts based on the WCAG 2 checklist by WebAIM, a non-profit affiliated with Utah State University, after its adaptation for social media posts. Validated accessibility standard labels: "0" for not meeting any standards, "1" or "A" for meeting bare minimum accessibility requirements, "2" or "AA" for meeting legal accessibility requirements, or "3" or "AAA" for exceeding accessibility requirements. There was not enough evidence to detect a difference in WCAG scores between ophthalmology and non-ophthalmology posts (p = 0.80). Forty-nine percent of scores for ophthalmology social media posts showed no compliance with any WCAG. The most common reasons that ophthalmology posts failed to meet criteria were due to color and contrast issues (39%). Most ophthalmology social media posts had low WCAG scores, indicating poor compliance to WCAG. Because social media is highly visual, reduced compliance to WCAG may create barriers for low vision individuals to successfully access patient education social media content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Sharma
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Laura Huertas
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Serena Shah
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Alexandra Gil
- Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Elena Bitrian
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ta C Chang
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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Watermeyer B, Botha M, Lourens H, Hunt X. Visual Impairment, Inclusion and Citizenship in South Africa. Ann Glob Health 2024; 90:28. [PMID: 38618275 PMCID: PMC11012159 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.4245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
People with visual impairment face significant material challenges to access and inclusion in South Africa. These are in large part rooted in and supported by prejudiced assumptions about the needs, nature and capabilities of this group. The cultural and psychological face of oppression needs to be attended to. To this end, this viewpoint brings together the work of three visually impaired scholars in three key areas pertaining to the promotion of the inclusion and citizenship of visually impaired persons in South Africa. These areas are education; rehabilitation; and social inclusion and visibility. This work argues that undoing lifelong exclusion requires examining how disablism is embedded in the very fabric of our societies and operational at various levels: material, administrative, cultural and relational.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Watermeyer
- Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Michelle Botha
- Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Heidi Lourens
- Department of Psychology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Xanthe Hunt
- Institute for Life Course Health Research, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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Abbott K, Hanson KS, Lally J. Prevalence of dry eye disease in the low vision population at the University of Colorado. J Optom 2024; 17:100501. [PMID: 37944476 PMCID: PMC10652114 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prevalence of diagnosed dry eye syndrome, meibomian gland dysfunction, and blepharitis amongst the low vision population. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients seen in the University of Colorado Low Vision Rehabilitation Service between the dates of 12/1/2017 and 12/1/2022. 74 ICD-10 codes were used to identify patients as having dry eye syndrome or not having dry eye syndrome. Data was further analyzed to determine the prevalence of blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction using 29 blepharitis and 9 meibomian gland dysfunction ICD-10 codes. Data were also analyzed to determine the age and sex of the patients with diagnosed dry eye syndrome. RESULTS The percentage of patients with a diagnosis of dry eye syndrome by an eyecare provider was 38.02 %. The prevalence of dry eye syndrome by age group was 3.57 % for 0-19 years, 14.35 % for 20-39 years, 29.07 % for 40-59 years, 43.79 % for 60-79 years, and 46.21 % for 80 and above. The prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction and blepharitis was 11.90 % and 9.1 % respectively. Dry eye syndrome prevalence amongst males was 31.59 % and 42.47 % for females. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that dry eye syndrome in the low vision population is a significant co-morbidity occurring in over a third of patients in the University of Colorado Low Vision Rehabilitation Service. These findings are meaningful as ocular comfort should not be overlooked while managing complex visual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleb Abbott
- University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz Medical Campus Department of Ophthalmology 1675 Aurora Court Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Kara S Hanson
- University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz Medical Campus Department of Ophthalmology 1675 Aurora Court Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James Lally
- University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz Medical Campus Department of Ophthalmology 1675 Aurora Court Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Routhier F, Lettre J, Pigeon C, Fiset D, Martel V, Binet R, Vézina V, Collomb d'Eyrames O, Waygood EO, Mostafavi MA, Morales E. Evaluation of three pedestrian phasing with audible pedestrian signals configurations in Quebec City (Canada): an exploratory study of blind or visually impaired persons' sense of safety, preferences, and expectations. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:1534-1546. [PMID: 37078382 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This exploratory study aimed to evaluate the preferences, expectations, and sense of safety of blind or visually impaired persons regarding three types of pedestrian phasing with audible pedestrian signals configurations that exist in Quebec City (Canada). These include: 1) exclusive phasing with non-directional audible pedestrian signals; 2) exclusive phasing with directional audible pedestrian signals; and 3) concurrent phasing with directional audible pedestrian signals. METHODS Thirty-two blind or visually impaired persons were asked to complete a survey. Their preferences and expectations regarding audible pedestrian signals were documented through a series of simulations. Their sense of safety regarding the three existing configurations were also documented. Subsequently, semi-directed, individual interviews with 11 of the individuals who had completed the survey were conducted to build off the collected information. RESULTS No formal consensus regarding many of the issues discussed were established as participants' responses varied too significantly. However, findings suggest that the exclusive phasing with directional audible pedestrian signals configuration is perceived to be the safest option by the participants. CONCLUSION This study may have practical implications on the design of intersections (e.g., selection of a type of pedestrian phasing with audible pedestrian signal) and the training of blind or visually impaired pedestrians.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe addition of audible pedestrian signals to pedestrian signals heightens the sense of safety of blind or visually impaired persons.This study may have practical implications on the design of intersections with audible pedestrian signals and the selection of a type of audible pedestrian signals based on intersection characteristics.Since many participants reported a lower sense of safety when faced with concurrent phasing, it is recommended that more intensive orientation and mobility interventions be provided to blind or visually impaired pedestrians who use this type of traffic signals.Educating road users about blind or visually impaired pedestrians appears also essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Routhier
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Josiane Lettre
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Caroline Pigeon
- Laboratoire Ergonomie et Sciences Cognitives pour les Transports, Département Transport, Santé, Sécurité, Université Gustave Eiffel, Lyon, France
| | - David Fiset
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Valérie Martel
- Blindness and Visual Impairment Program, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - René Binet
- Regroupement des Personnes Handicapées Visuelles (régions 03-12), Quebec City, Canada
| | - Véronique Vézina
- Comité des Usagers, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
- Regroupement des Organismes de Personnes Handicapées de la Région 03, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | - E Owen Waygood
- Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mir Abolfazl Mostafavi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
- Department of Geomatics, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Ernesto Morales
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
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Chen J, Zhu Y, Li L, Lv J, Li Z, Chen X, Chen X, Huang S, Xie R, Zhang Y, Ye G, Luo R, Shen X, Fu M, Zhuo Y. Visual impairment burden in retinopathy of prematurity: trends, inequalities, and improvement gaps. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1891-1900. [PMID: 38319404 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an important cause of avoidable childhood visual impairment, and the increase in number and survival of premature infants may inflate its burden globally. We aimed to comprehensively assess the trends and inequalities in the burden of ROP-related visual impairment and to identify improvement gaps to facilitate appropriate actions in neonatal care systems. We obtained ROP data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. We employed joinpoint regression analysis to assess the trends of the burden of ROP-related visual impairment, measured by age-standardised prevalence rates, health equity analysis methods to evaluate cross-country burden inequalities, and data envelopment and stochastic frontier analyses to identify improvement gaps based on the development status, i.e., sociodemographic index (SDI). Between 1990 and 2019, the age-standardised prevalence rates of ROP-related visual impairment significantly increased worldwide (average annual percentage change: 0.23 [95% confidence interval, 0.21-0.26] among males and 0.26 [0.25-0.27] among females), primarily in developed regions. Although significant SDI-related cross-country inequalities were identified, these reduced over time (slope index of inequality: -57.74 [-66.22 to -49.25] in 1990 to -29.68 [-38.39 to -20.97] in 2019; health concentration index: -0.11 [-0.13 to -0.09] in 1990 to -0.07 [-0.09 to -0.06] in 2019). Notably, some less-developed countries exhibited superior performance despite limited resources, whereas others with a higher SDI delivered lagging performance. Conclusion: The global burden of ROP-related visual impairment has steadily increased between 1990 and 2019, with disproportionate burden concentration among less-developed countries, requiring appropriate preventive and intervention measures. What is Known: • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an important cause of avoidable childhood visual impairment. • The prevalence of ROP is anticipated to increase due to the growing number of extremely premature infants. What is New: • The prevalence of ROP-related visual impairment has increased worldwide, primarily in developed regions, with declining but persisting cross-country inequalities. • The increasing burden of ROP-related visual impairment should be considered as part of global and national health agendas, requiring interventions with proven efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yingting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Linling Li
- Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Juan Lv
- Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xuhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Shaofen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Guitong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ruiyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xinyue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Min Fu
- Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Yehong Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Lahham EE, Alsahouri MI, Alsalah QA, Billan S, Atrash F. Rectal adenocarcinoma in the eye: An unexpected destination. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2024; 12:2050313X241242608. [PMID: 38559408 PMCID: PMC10981251 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x241242608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer ranks third in cancer incidence in the United States, commonly metastasizing to the liver and lungs. Despite its high prevalence, colorectal cancer with intraocular metastasis is exceedingly rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. This study presents a 58-year-old male, previously treated for rectal adenocarcinoma with liver and lung metastases, who developed choroidal metastasis causing visual impairment. Despite radiotherapy, moderate improvement was observed, and subsequent disease progression led to systemic chemotherapy. Intraocular metastasis, primarily affecting the choroid, is infrequent, often originating from breast and lung cancers. The presented case, originating from primary KRAS wild-type rectal cancer, adds to the limited gastrointestinal-tract-related occurrences. This report underscores the importance of recognizing intraocular metastasis in colorectal cancer, contributing valuable insights for improved understanding and potential guidance for future clinical decisions. Choroidal metastasis carries a poor prognosis, emphasizing the need for tailored management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Edward Lahham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem, Palestinian Territory
| | | | - Qusai A Alsalah
- Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Salem Billan
- Head and Neck Unit, Joseph Fishman Oncology Center, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Fadi Atrash
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem, Palestinian Territory
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Onnink MLA, Teunissen LB, Verstraten PF, van Nispen RM, van der Aa HP. Experts' perspectives on the impact of visual impairment and comorbid mental disorders on functioning in essential life domains. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:209. [PMID: 38500080 PMCID: PMC10946163 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual impairment (VI) with comorbid mental disorders (MDs) are expected to have a major impact on people's daily functioning, for which tailored support is needed. However, this has been barely investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) determine the impact of VI and comorbid MDs on functioning in essential life domains, (2) gain insight into best-practices that are currently used to support this target group, and (3) determine strategies to optimize care in the future. METHODS A four-step qualitative Delphi method was used to obtain input from 31 Dutch professionals who work with this target group (84% female, mean age 46 years, on average 11 years of experience in working with the target group). The Self-Sufficiency Matrices were used to determine the impact on various aspects of daily living, for people with VI and (1) autism spectrum disorder, (2) psychotic disorders, (3) obsessive-compulsive disorder, (4) antisocial personality disorder, (5) borderline personality disorder, (6) dependent personality disorder. RESULTS Experts describe a frail and vulnerable population, in which the VI and MD often have a cumulative negative impact on people's physical and mental health. People frequently experience anxiety, depression, fatigue and sleep disturbances. Also, many tend to neglect self-care and substance abuse is common. They often experience difficulty in trusting others while at the same time being dependent on them. Social interaction and relationships are complicated because of communication restrictions (e.g. no facial recognition) and social incompetence or withdrawal. Experts advise taking transdiagnostic factors into account, using evidence-based psychological treatment options based on an intermittent approach, and offering multidisciplinary care. They stress the importance of building trust, showing patience and empathy, stimulating empowerment, involving the informal network and building on positive experiences. CONCLUSION VI and comorbid MD have a major impact on people's daily functioning on a mental, physical, social and environmental level. This study provides insight into best-practices to support this target group. According to experts, more research is needed which could be aimed at investigating tailored diagnostic approaches and treatment options and include clients' perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein LA Onnink
- Robert Coppes Foundation, Vught, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Ophthalmology and The Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | - Ruth Ma van Nispen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Ophthalmology and The Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Pa van der Aa
- Robert Coppes Foundation, Vught, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Ophthalmology and The Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Killeen OJ, Niziol LM, Elam AR, Bicket AK, John D, Wood SD, Musch DC, Zhang J, Johnson L, Kershaw M, Woodward MA, Newman-Casey PA. Visual Impairment from Uncorrected Refractive Error among Participants in a Novel Program to Improve Eye Care Access among Low-Income Adults in Michigan. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:349-359. [PMID: 37758028 PMCID: PMC10922592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the rate of visual impairment (VI) from uncorrected refractive error (URE) and associations with demographic and socioeconomic factors among low-income patients presenting to the Michigan Screening and Intervention for Glaucoma and Eye Health through Telemedicine (MI-SIGHT) program. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Adults ≥ 18 years without acute ocular symptoms. METHODS MI-SIGHT program participants received a telemedicine-based eye disease screening and ordered glasses through an online optical store. Participants were categorized based on refractive error (RE) status: VI from URE (presenting visual acuity [PVA], ≤ 20/50; best-corrected visual acuity [BCVA], ≥ 20/40), URE without VI (PVA, ≥ 20/40; ≥ 2-line improvement to BCVA), and no or adequately corrected RE (PVA, ≥ 20/40; < 2-line improvement to BCVA). Patient demographics, self-reported visual function, and satisfaction with glasses obtained through the program were compared among groups using analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square, and Fisher exact testing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES PVA, BCVA, and presence of VI (defined as PVA ≤ 20/50). RESULTS Of 1171 participants enrolled in the MI-SIGHT program during the first year, average age was 55.1 years (SD = 14.5), 37.7% were male, 54.1% identified as Black, and 1166 (99.6%) had both PVA and BCVA measured. VI was observed in 120 participants (10.3%); 96 had VI from URE (8.2%), 168 participants (14.4%) had URE without VI, and 878 (75.3%) had no or adequately corrected RE. A smaller percentage of participants with VI resulting from URE reported having a college degree, and a larger percentage reported income < $10 000 compared with participants with no or adequately corrected RE (3.2% vs. 14.2% [P = 0.02]; 45.5% vs. 21.6% [P < 0.0001], respectively). Visual function was lowest among participants with VI from URE, followed by those with URE without VI, and then those with no or adequately corrected RE (9-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire composite score, 67.3 ± 19.6 vs. 77.0 ± 14.4 vs. 82.2 ± 13.3, respectively; P < 0.0001). In total, 71.2% (n = 830) ordered glasses for an average cost of $36.80 ± $32.60; 97.7% were satisfied with their glasses. CONCLUSIONS URE was the main cause of VI at 2 clinics serving low-income communities and was associated with reduced vision-related quality of life. An online optical store with lower prices made eyeglasses accessible to low-income patients. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J Killeen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Leslie M Niziol
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Angela R Elam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Amanda K Bicket
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Denise John
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sarah Dougherty Wood
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David C Musch
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jason Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Maria A Woodward
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Paula Anne Newman-Casey
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Dumassais S, Pichora-Fuller MK, Guthrie D, Phillips NA, Savundranayagam M, Wittich W. Strategies used during the cognitive evaluation of older adults with dual sensory impairment: a scoping review. Age Ageing 2024; 53:afae051. [PMID: 38506649 PMCID: PMC10953621 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afae051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dual sensory impairment (DSI), the combination of visual and hearing impairments, is associated with increased risk for age-related cognitive decline and dementia. Administering cognitive tests to individuals with sensory impairment is challenging because most cognitive measures require sufficient hearing and vision. Considering sensory limitations during cognitive test administration is necessary so that the effects of sensory and cognitive abilities on test performance can be differentiated and the validity of test results optimized. OBJECTIVE To review empirical strategies that researchers have employed to accommodate DSI during cognitive testing of older adults. METHODS Seven databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Global Health and the Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews databases) were searched for relevant articles integrating the three concepts of cognitive evaluation, aging, and DSI. Given the inclusion criteria, this scoping review included a total of 67 papers. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies reported five categories of strategies for cognitive testing of older adult participants with DSI: the assistance of experts, the modification of standardized test scoring procedures, the use of communication strategies, environmental modifications, and the use of cognitive tests without visual and/or auditory items. CONCLUSIONS The most used strategy reported in the included studies was drawing on the assistance of team members from related fields during the administration and interpretation of cognitive screening measures. Alternative strategies were rarely employed. Future research is needed to explore the knowledge-to-practice gap between research and current clinical practice, and to develop standardized testing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Dumassais
- School of Optometry, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1P1, Canada
| | | | - Dawn Guthrie
- Department of Kinesiology & Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3C5, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Natalie A Phillips
- Department of Psychology/Centre for Research in Human Development, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | | | - Walter Wittich
- School of Optometry, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1P1, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3S 1M9, Canada
- Centre de réadaptation Lethbridge-Layton-Mackay du Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Ouest-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1T3, Canada
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Hepworth LR, Kirkham JJ, Perkins E, Helliwell B, Howard C, Liptrot M, Tawana S, Wilson E, Rowe FJ. Validation of the brain injury associated visual impairment - impact questionnaire (BIVI-IQ). Qual Life Res 2024; 33:777-791. [PMID: 38112864 PMCID: PMC10894123 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Brain Injury associated Visual Impairment - Impact Questionnaire (BIVI-IQ) was developed to assess the impact of post-stroke visual impairment. The development of the questionnaire used robust methods involving stroke survivors and clinicians. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the BIVI-IQ in a stroke population. METHODS Stroke survivors with visual impairment were recruited from stroke units, outpatient clinics and non-healthcare settings. Participants were asked to complete questionnaire sets on three separate occasions; the BIVI-IQ at each visit with additional questionnaires at baseline and visit 2. Vision assessment and anchor questions from participants and clinicians were collected. The analysis included assessment of missing data, acceptability, Rasch model analysis, test-retest reliability, construct validity (NEI VFQ-25, EQ-5D-5L) and responsiveness to change. RESULTS 316 stroke survivors completed at least one questionnaire of the 326 recruited. Mean age was 67 years and 64% were male. Adequate fit statistics to the Rasch model were reached (χ2 = 73.12, p = 0.02) with two items removed and thresholds of two adjusted, indicating validity and unidimensionality. Excellent test-retest reliability was demonstrated (ICC = 0.905) with a 3-month interval. Construct validity was demonstrated with a strong significant correlation to the NEI VFQ-25 (r = 0.837, p < 0.01). The BIVI-IQ also demonstrated responsiveness to change with significant differences identified between groups based on participant and clinician anchor questions (X2 = 23.29, p < 0.001; X2 = 24.56, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The BIVI-IQ has been shown to be valid and practical for 'everyday' use by clinicians and researchers to monitor vision-related quality of life in stroke survivors with visual impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Hepworth
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building, Block B, First Floor, 1-5 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK.
- Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.
- Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, UK.
| | - J J Kirkham
- Centre for Biostatistics, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - E Perkins
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building, Block B, First Floor, 1-5 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - B Helliwell
- VISable, Patient and Public Representative, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Howard
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building, Block B, First Floor, 1-5 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
- Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - M Liptrot
- Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, UK
| | - S Tawana
- Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, High Wycombe, UK
| | - E Wilson
- Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral, UK
| | - F J Rowe
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building, Block B, First Floor, 1-5 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
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Sasso P, Savastano A, Vidal-Aroca F, Minnella AM, Francione G, Sammarco L, Cima V, Ghiraldelli R, Mattei R, Rizzo S. Enhancing the Functional Performance of Patients with Late-Stage Age-Related Macular Degeneration Implanted with a Miniature Telescope using Rehabilitation Training. Ophthalmol Ther 2024; 13:697-707. [PMID: 38165600 PMCID: PMC10853143 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this work, our aim is to report the functional outcomes of cataract surgery with smaller-incision new-generation miniature telescope (SING IMT) implantation followed by rehabilitation training in patients with central visual loss due to late-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS This retrospective study included patients who were monocularly implanted with SING IMT and then followed a rehabilitation program based on 6 biweekly sessions focused on visual abilities, reading, writing, visual motor integration and mobility. A total of 11 participants were included in this study. Reading acuity (RA), reading speed (RS), and fixation stability (FS) were assessed biweekly at 6-, 8-, 10-, 12-, 14-, and 16-week follow-up visits after SING IMT implantation and at a final assessment at 24 weeks. Best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) was also measured at baseline and at the same postoperative timepoints. RESULTS Mean baseline BCDVA was 12.5 ± 8.6 letter score. Both RA and RS were found to be significantly improved from the first rehabilitation session (6 weeks after surgery) to the last session (24 weeks after surgery). At the end of the rehabilitation program, mean RA was 0.45 ± 0.19 LogMAR and mean RS was 30.9 ± 17.6 words per minute. Moreover, all patients achieved a FS of 15 s or more after the last rehabilitation session. Most patients (55%) achieved an improvement of 15 letters in BCDVA at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that rehabilitation training can improve visual functions of patients with late-stage AMD implanted with SING IMT in real-world tasks such as reading skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Sasso
- Ophthalmology Unit, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS", Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00198, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alfonso Savastano
- Ophthalmology Unit, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS", Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00198, Rome, Italy
| | - Faustino Vidal-Aroca
- Scientific Affairs Department, Medevise Consulting, 2 rue Marie Hamm, Strasbourg, France
| | - Angelo Maria Minnella
- Ophthalmology Unit, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS", Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00198, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Francione
- Ophthalmology Unit, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS", Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00198, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sammarco
- Ophthalmology Unit, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS", Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00198, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Cima
- Ophthalmology Unit, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS", Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00198, Rome, Italy
| | - Ritangela Ghiraldelli
- Ophthalmology Unit, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS", Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00198, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Mattei
- Ophthalmology Unit, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS", Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00198, Rome, Italy
| | - Stanislao Rizzo
- Ophthalmology Unit, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS", Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00198, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Pisa, Italy
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Kadowaki H, Takeda T, Noto M, Mori M, Suzuki A, Ujima K, Nakamura T. Analysis of veering during gait in blind individuals. Gait Posture 2024; 109:183-188. [PMID: 38335771 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Veering occurs during blind walking, which causes individuals to deviate from crosswalks or fall off platforms. Despite being linked to static postural control, the relationship between veering and gait function (gait variability and plantar pressure), which is presumed to be related to dynamic postural control, has yet to be fully understood. RESEARCH QUESTION How do gait variability and plantar pressure affect veering? METHODS This experiment involved a walking task in which 11 blind adults were instructed to walk along a straight path using a white cane. We measured the veering values and analyzed the relationship between gait variability and plantar pressure. RESULTS One participant with a particularly severe veering tendency was excluded from the analysis. Based on the veering characteristics of the participants, the walking trajectories were classified as veering to the left (14 trials) or the right (14 trials) sides. Correlation analysis showed no significant correlation between the veering value and gait variability (vertical, lateral, and anterior-posterior). Plantar pressure (the ball of the fifth toe and the total) was significantly negatively correlate with the veering value. In contrast, the plantar pressure results for the participant who was excluded showed a different characteristic. SIGNIFICANCE We hypothesized that blind individuals would exhibit dynamic postural control to stay on a straight path by increasing the plantar pressure on the ball of the fifth toe and the total pressure on the opposite foot when veering occurs. However, this adaptation was not observed in a blind individual with severe veering tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kadowaki
- Faculty of Education, Yamaguchi Gakugei University, Yamaguchi, Japan.
| | | | - Misako Noto
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Chikushi Jogakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Akihiro Suzuki
- Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ichinoseki College, Ichinoseki, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Ujima
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- Faculty of Education, University of Teacher Education Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
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Merenda T, Denis J, Patris S. Pharmaceutical care for visually impaired patients: a qualitative study of community pharmacists' needs and professional experience. Int J Clin Pharm 2024:10.1007/s11096-023-01684-9. [PMID: 38407693 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-023-01684-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual impairment is a disability that can have a significant impact on the ability to take medication safely. As a result, pharmacists must adjust their practice to provide targeted and adapted support for this type of patient. AIM The aims of the present study were (1) to illustrate the usual clinical practice of community pharmacists to support the optimisation of medication use in visually impaired patients, and (2) to identify solutions to improve pharmaceutical care for visually impaired patients. METHOD Semi-structured interviews with 18 French-speaking community pharmacists were conducted via videoconference in Belgium. Participants were recruited on a voluntary basis and through a snowball method. An interview guide was developed based on literature review. Interviews were carried out until theoretical saturation of the data, recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Data were organised by NVivo Software. RESULTS Four themes were identified: community pharmacists' training, identification of visually impaired patients by the pharmacist, communication with visually impaired patients and their proxies, and provision of appropriate pharmaceutical care. Participants stated that they had not received any training regarding visual impairment. They described that they did not always know how to recognise visually impaired patients and that communication was often difficult. CONCLUSION This qualitative study has highlighted a lack of knowledge and skills among community pharmacists regarding visual impairment. One possible solution could be to develop recommendations and tools to improve the care of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théodora Merenda
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Avenue du Champ de Mars 25, Building 6, 7000, Mons, Belgium.
| | - Jennifer Denis
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Mons, Place du Parc 14, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Patris
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Avenue du Champ de Mars 25, Building 6, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Chen J, Li H, Zhou B, Li X, Zhu Y, Yao Y. Interaction between visual impairment and subjective cognitive complaints on physical activity impairment in U.S. older adults: NHANES 2005-2008. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:167. [PMID: 38368377 PMCID: PMC10874547 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To investigate the independent relationships of visual impairment (VI) and Subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) with physical function impairment (PFI) and the interaction effect between VI and SCC on PFI in American older adults. METHODS The data of this cross-sectional study was obtained from the 2005-2008 National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in the United States. The VI criterion included both subjective self-reported eyesight conditions and objective visual acuity test results. The self-reported questionnaires were utilized to determine PFI and SCC. According to the survey design of NHANS, original data were weighted to produce nationally representative estimates. Both the unweighted original data and weighted estimates underwent analysis. Crude and adjusted logistic models were employed to assess the pairwise associations among VI, SCC, and PFI. To assess the interactive effect, measures such as the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (S) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 2,710 subjects (weighted n = 38,966,687) aged 60 years or older were included. Compared with subjects without subjective visual impairment (SVI), those with SVI had a significant positive association with PFI [weighted OR (95%CI): 3.11 (2.25, 4.31)]. After multi-variable adjusting, the relationship remained significant [weighted OR (95%CI): 1.90 (1.32, 2.72)]. Similarly, those with objective visual impairment (OVI) were positively associated with the risk of PFI in the crude model [weighted OR (95%CI): 2.35 (1.53, 3.61)] and adjusted model [weighted OR (95%CI): 1.84 (1.07, 3.17)]. Moreover, we found the association of SCC with an increased risk of FPI [crude weighted OR (95%CI): 5.02 (3.40, 7.40); adjusted weighted OR (95%CI): 3.29 (2.01, 5.38)]. Ultimately, the additive interaction showed there was a significant positive interaction term between SVI and SCC on PFI, while OVI and SCC did not. CONCLUSION Both VI and SCC were significantly associated with PFI in elder adults. Besides, there was a significant synergistic interaction between SVI and SCC on PFI, which indicated the improvement of SVI and SCC may be beneficial for the prevention of PFI. For the elderly, especially those with multiple disabilities, comprehensive and targeted approaches are imperative to foster their overall well-being and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases and Optometry of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Hunan Clinical Research Centre of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Biting Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases and Optometry of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xian Li
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Yihua Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases and Optometry of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Yihua Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases and Optometry of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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Robayo-Velásquez JF, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Salamanca O, Martínez-Blanco AM. Ocular Chemical Burns: Epidemiological Trends in a Colombian Medical Center. J Burn Care Res 2024:irae025. [PMID: 38367189 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Ocular chemical burns are a significant cause of visual impairment. This study aims to characterize ocular chemical burns in a southwestern Colombia referral center and identify associated factors with low vision. A cross-sectional study was carried out based on the review of medical records of patients diagnosed with chemical eye burns who consulted the emergency ophthalmology service between January 2016 and December 2019. Descriptive statistics were performed. Associations with low vision (Best Corrected Visual Acuity, BCVA, ≥20/70 in Snellen chart) in the last follow-up appointment were identified using a multivariate logistic regression with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). 219 eyes affected by chemical burns were identified from 174 patients with a mean age of 39 years (SD±20), out of which 57.5% (n=100) were men. We ran a multivariate model adjusted by sex, eye wash, type of chemical, and Dua's classification. We found that the odds of low vision for patients without eyewash before the consult were three times the odds of those who had it (Adjusted OR [aOR]=3.5, 95%CI=1.3-9.4) and almost five times for those with Dua's classification greater than 1 (aOR=4.7, 95%CI=1.7-12.9). The ocular chemical burns reported in this study occurred more in young people of productive age. Acids were the principal causal agent. The association between lack of early management and the severity of the chemical burn with low vision has been highlighted. Ocular burns remain a relevant cause of consultation on the ophthalmology service in Cali, and prevention strategies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Robayo-Velásquez
- Grupo de Investigación Visión y Salud Ocular (VISOC) / Vision and Ocular Health Research Group (VISOC), Ophthalmology Service, Universidad del Valle, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Francisco J Bonilla-Escobar
- Grupo de Investigación Visión y Salud Ocular (VISOC) / Vision and Ocular Health Research Group (VISOC), Ophthalmology Service, Universidad del Valle, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia
- Fundación Somos Ciencia al Servicio de la Comunidad, Fundación SCISCO / Science to Serve the Community Foundation, SCISCO Foundation, Cali, Colombia
- Institute for Clinical Research Education (ICRE), Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Omar Salamanca
- Grupo de Investigación Visión y Salud Ocular (VISOC) / Vision and Ocular Health Research Group (VISOC), Ophthalmology Service, Universidad del Valle, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia
- Orbis International, NY, USA
| | - Alexander M Martínez-Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación Visión y Salud Ocular (VISOC) / Vision and Ocular Health Research Group (VISOC), Ophthalmology Service, Universidad del Valle, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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Wang H, Xu Z, Chen D, Li H, Zhang J, Liu Q, Shen H. Prevalence and causes of blindness and distance visual impairment in Chinese adult population in 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3890. [PMID: 38365946 PMCID: PMC10873313 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the prevalence and causes of visual impairment (VI) and blindness in Jiangsu Province, China in 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants (n = 13,208, aged 18-93) underwent comprehensive ocular examinations. The prevalence and causes of binocular VI (presenting visual acuity [VA] ≥ 20/400 and < 20/63 in the better eye) and blindness (presenting VA < 20/400 in the better eye) were assessed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The estimation of refractive error prevalence was conducted using the following classification: myopia ≤ - 0.50 diopters (D), high myopia ≤ - 6.00 D, hyperopia ≥ 0.50 D, and anisometropia ≥ 1.00 D. The overall prevalence of binocular VI and blindness was 21.04% (95% confidence interval [CI] 20.35-21.74%) and 0.47% (95% CI 0.37-0.60%). The highest prevalence of binocular VI was in the population aged 18-24 years old (46.29%, [95% CI 44.30-48.28%]), those with education at university and above (43.47%, [95% CI 41.93-45.02%]), students (54.96%, [95% CI 52.73-57.17%]). Uncorrected refractive error (URE) was the leading cause of presenting binocular VI (93.40%) and blindness (50.79%). The prevalence of myopia was 54.75% (95% CI 53.90-55.60%). Actions are needed to control URE and myopia within the adult Chinese population, with a particular emphasis on the younger, well-educated demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Lianyungang Ophthalmologic Hospital, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Lianyungang Ophthalmologic Hospital, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Lianyungang Ophthalmologic Hospital, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Lianyungang Ophthalmologic Hospital, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, 030002, China.
| | - Qinghuai Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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20
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Xu G, Luo Y, Qi H, Liu S, Fu J, Ye Z, Li Z. Trichromatic critical flicker frequency as potential visual test in cataract and macula disease patients. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024:10.1007/s00417-024-06398-w. [PMID: 38329529 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06398-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the capacity of critical flicker frequency (CFF) in discriminating cataract eyes with or without macula disease using trichromatic flickers, and to develop a model to predict postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). METHODS Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of macular disease. CFF threshold measurements of red (R-CFF), green (G-CFF), and yellow (Y-CFF) flickers were conducted both preoperatively and postoperatively. A generalized estimating equations model (GEE) was employed to examine the relationship between CFF threshold and 3-month postoperative BCVA. RESULTS A total of 115 eyes were enrolled, with 59 eyes in the cataract alone group and 56 eyes in the cataract with macular disease group completing the follow-up. R-CFF was found to be consistent before and after cataract removal (P = 0.06), even in cases where OCT was not performed successfully (P > 0.05). Y-CFF showed the highest AUC (0.798) for differentiating ocular comorbidities. According to the GEE model, in patients with a CFF threshold below 26 Hz, the odds ratios for achieving a postoperative VA of 20/40 or better were 34.8% for R-CFF, 26.0% for G-CFF, and 24.5% for Y-CFF. CONCLUSION CFF emerges as a promising tool for predicting postoperative BCVA, providing valuable supplementary insights when fundus examination is obstructed. R-CFF demonstrates the best resistance to cataracts, while Y-CFF exhibits the highest sensitivity both in identifying macular diseases and predicting postoperative BCVA of 20/40 or better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcan Xu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Haolan Qi
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Junxia Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhaohui Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
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21
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Zheng DD, Lam BL, Joslin CE, Gonzalez HM, Baiduc RR, Tarraf W, Stickel A, Daviglus M, Garcia-Bedoya O, Schneiderman N, Gonzalez F, Lee DJ. Associations Between Self-Reported Visual and Hearing Functioning and Cognitive Function Among Hispanics/Latino: Hispanic Community Health Study. Innov Aging 2024; 8:igae006. [PMID: 38496829 PMCID: PMC10941314 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives To investigate the associations between self-reported visual functioning (VF) and hearing functioning with cognition in the Hispanic/Latino population. Research Design and Methods We utilized data from the Miami Ocular Study of Latinos ancillary study to Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos with 1,056 participants aged 45 and older. The outcomes were cognitive performances assessed by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Word Fluency, Brief-Spanish English Verbal Learning Test-recall (B-SEVLT recall), words recalled over 3 trials, and the Six-Item Screener. VF was measured by National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ), and hearing function was measured by Hearing Handicap Inventory Screening Questionnaire for Adults and Elderly (HHIA/E-S). Multiple regressions were performed for each cognitive outcome while controlling for covariates and complex sampling design. Results NEI-VFQ was associated with 3 of the 5 cognitive outcomes. A 4-point NEI-VFQ score difference was associated with a 0.56-point difference in DSST (standard error [SE] = 0.27, p < .001), 0.17 in Word fluency (SE = 0.16, p < .01), and 0.08 in B-SEVLT-recall (SE = 0.07, p < .01). HHIA/E-S was not associated with any of the cognitive measures examined. Discussion and Implications These data suggest that impaired VF is associated with worse cognition in the Hispanic/Latino population. Although previous work in this cohort indicated hearing loss assessed by pure tone audiometry was associated with worse cognition, we found self-perceived hearing function was not associated with cognition, suggesting the potential limitation of self-reported hearing function as a proxy for hearing loss in epidemiological research in Hispanic/Latino populations. Results also imply impaired VF and hearing function may be linked to cognition differently in the Hispanic population, and more research is needed to better understand the underlying linking mechanisms. Visual and hearing impairments are common and treatable and represent important modifiable risk factors that can be treated to preserve cognitive function in Hispanics/Latinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Diane Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Center for Cognitive Neurosciences & Aging, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Byron L Lam
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Charlotte E Joslin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hector M Gonzalez
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Rachael R Baiduc
- Department of Speech, Language, & Hearing Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology and Department of Healthcare Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ariana Stickel
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Olga Garcia-Bedoya
- Division of Academic Internal Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Franklyn Gonzalez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - David J Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami Florida, USA
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22
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Luo L. 24-H movement behaviors and visual impairment among Chinese adolescents with and without obesity. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2024; 54:101823. [PMID: 38171052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have identified obesity, sleep patterns, screen time, and physical activity as independent risk factors for the visual health of adolescents. However, our understanding of how these factors interact and contribute to visual impairment remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines (24-HMG) and visual impairment in adolescents with and without obesity. METHODS We analyzed data from the 2014-2015 China Education Panel Survey. Participants provided self-reported information on their screen time, sleep duration, and physical activity levels. The data on weight, height, and visual acuity were obtained from school health examination reports. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between 24-h movement behaviors and visual impairment, reported as odds ratios (ORs) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI). RESULTS After controlling for covariates such as sex and age, it was found that adolescents with obesity who adhered to the sleep guidelines had a lower risk of visual impairment compared with adolescents without obesity who did not adhere to the 24-HMG (OR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.75-0.94, P = 0.003). Additionally, adolescents who adhered to both the physical activity and sleep guidelines had an even lower risk of visual impairment (OR = 0.58, 95 % CI: 0.42-0.79, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Adhering to the Sleep and physical activity + Sleep recommendations in the 24-HMG could significantly reduce the risk of visual impairment in adolescents without obesity. No significant relationship was observed between adherence to 24-HMG and the risk of visual impairment in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Luo
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
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23
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Fournier H, Hasdenteufel M, Garrouteigt C, Perie M, Gliksohn A, Jouanne B, Hadj-Rabia S, Arveiler B, Morice-Picard F, Quintard B. The experience of albinism in France: a qualitative study on dyads of parents and their adult child with albinism. BMC Med 2024; 22:40. [PMID: 38281904 PMCID: PMC10823752 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03251-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, almost no research on the psychosocial implications of albinism has been conducted in France and an exploration of albinism-related experiences could be beneficial, in order to better understand this condition. The aim of this study was to examine how French people with albinism and their parents live with and adapt to this condition in all the areas of their lives. METHODS Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with 9 parent-child dyads, each participating separately. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling, thanks to the combined efforts of a patient association (Genespoir) and professionals from the partner medical referral centers involved in the project. Dyads in which the individual with albinism had any comorbidity were excluded. The interviews were then transcribed and subjected to in-depth thematic analysis. Two codebooks were constructed in a mirrored process: one for people with albinism; the other for their parents. They were finally merged at the end of the coding step. RESULTS Four main categories were identified: personal perceptions and social representations of albinism, difficulties and obstacles encountered by people with albinism, resources and facilitators, and the importance of parent-child functioning. The results indicated that experiences of stigmatization during childhood and adolescence are common and that people with albinism face challenges in adapting to certain obstacles related to their visual impairments (VI) (e.g., inability to drive a car; eye strain...). Parents emerged as one, if not as the main, source of support for people with albinism throughout their development. Although external support systems exist to assist them in various aspects of their lives, some of them primarily rely on their own personal resources to cope. CONCLUSIONS This research highlights the importance of a systemic and transdisciplinary approach to make sure families receive the support that best meets their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Fournier
- Laboratory of Psychology (LabPsy) UR 4139, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, F-33000, France.
| | - Marie Hasdenteufel
- Laboratory of Psychology (LabPsy) UR 4139, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Constance Garrouteigt
- Laboratory of Psychology (LabPsy) UR 4139, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Mathieu Perie
- National Institute for Research in Digital Science and Technology, Talence, F-33405, France
| | - Antoine Gliksohn
- Genespoir Association, Rennes, F-35000, France
- Global Albinism Alliance, Fontenay-sous-Bois, F-94120, France
| | | | | | - Benoit Arveiler
- CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, F-33404, France
- Laboratory of Rare Diseases: Genetics and Metabolism (MRGM) INSERM U1211, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, F-33076, France
| | | | - Bruno Quintard
- Laboratory of Psychology (LabPsy) UR 4139, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
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24
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Källstrand J, Lindgren EC, Carlsson IM. Perpetuating ability to live life as usual: a grounded theory study of persons living with age-related macular degeneration. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:82. [PMID: 38254006 PMCID: PMC10804715 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04689-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is an eye disease associated with age that causes progressive and irreversible loss of central vision, while the peripheral visual ability remains. The occurrence of and especially late AMD is estimated to increase extensively to 2040 among persons aged ≥ 65 in Scandinavia, due to an increasing aging population. OBJECTIVES The present study explored what it means to live with AMD through the eyes of those living with the condition. METHODS This is an explorative interview study. People who were ≥ 65 years old, living in their own homes, and diagnosed with advanced dry AMD in one or both eyes, causing a visual acuity of no more than 0.3 or worse in the best eye, were invited to participate in the study. The method chosen was the constructivist grounded theory, where reality is seen as fundamentally social and processual and a way of accessing the participants' experiences, thoughts, and feelings. RESULTS In total, 12 interviews were conducted. Living with dry AMD confronted different problems and challenges. The substantive theory, Perpetuating ability to live life as usual, is characterised by a desire to continue life as usual, which requires an acceptance of the disease's progress, self-acceptance of the new me, and an acceptance that the new life needs to be lived a little more carefully. Moreover, the participants used three strategies to resolve their main concern by maintaining an everyday life 1) Navigating the new normal, 2) Trusting own ability, and 3) Interdepending. CONCLUSION Maintaining an everyday life is the primary concern among people with AMD. In supporting self-care, gaining information about the subjective experience to support their everyday living is of the utmost importance. This grounded theory captures valuable knowledge of how the older adults resolved their main concern "you got to keep on" despite their affected vision by "facing the fact" live life as usual since since life goes on. Our study also gives rise both to implications for research and practice in order to strengthen older people with AMD facing their future challenges. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Swedish Ethical Review Authority (EPN 2021/02877).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Källstrand
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.
| | - E-C Lindgren
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - I M Carlsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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Enríquez-Fuentes JE, Oribio-Quinto C, Pascual-Santiago MA, Alarcón-García AD, Fernández-Vigo JI. Long-term results of treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration using antiangiogenic drugs: A review of the literature. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2024:S2173-5794(24)00005-7. [PMID: 38216049 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the main causes of visual acuity (VA) loss in people over 50 years of age worldwide, with neovascular AMD (nAMD) accounting for 80% of cases of severe vision loss due to this disease. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs have been used for the treatment of this disease for more than a decade, changing drastically the visual prognosis of these patients. However, initial studies reporting data on outcomes were short term. Currently, there are different series published on the long-term results of AMD after treatment with anti-VEGF, and the aim of this review is to synthesize these results. The mean follow-up of the included studies was 8.2 years (range 5-12 years). The mean initial VA was 55.3 letters in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) (range 45.6-65) and the mean final VA was 50.1 letters (range 33.0-64.3), with a mean loss of 5.2 letters. At the end of follow-up, 29.4% of the patients maintained a VA > 70 letters. The 67.9% of patients remained stable at the end of follow-up (< 15 letter loss), with a severe loss (≥ 15 letters) of 30.1%. Fibrosis and atrophy were the main causes of long-term VA loss, occurring at the end of follow-up in 52.5% and 60.5%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Enríquez-Fuentes
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Oribio-Quinto
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Pascual-Santiago
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A D Alarcón-García
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - J I Fernández-Vigo
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Milde N, Schmidt DC, Larsen A, Kessel L. Which rehabilitation initiatives can effectively improve participation in an educational setting for visually impaired and blind adolescents? A systematic review. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:10. [PMID: 38178072 PMCID: PMC10768278 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visually impaired and blind adolescents fare poorly in educational attainment compared to adolescents without vision impairment. Rehabilitation holds the potential to compensate for the hindrances that the impairment causes. Many rehabilitation initiatives exist. However, the efficacy of these initiatives remains uncertain. This systematic review assessed which rehabilitation initiatives improve participation in an educational setting for visually impaired and blind adolescents. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cinahl, and Cochrane library databases were searched. Only primary studies as randomized controlled trial (parallel group or crossover), cohort studies, case-control studies, qualitative studies, and case-studies were included. Data on the study characteristics, visual impairment, type of intervention, research question, main findings, and implications for practice were extracted from the papers. Critical appraisal was performed using the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research and the Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies both from the Joanna Briggs Institute. The data extraction and the critical appraisal were performed independently by two reviewers. RESULTS A total of 10 studies with visually impaired and blind adolescents were considered eligible, from an original search result of 3210 studies. In the thematic analysis we identified a heightened focus on different means for studying by making the curriculum content more accessible by applying different audio, tactile, or electronic devices (n = 8). A minor focus in the identified studies (n = 2) was placed on the impact of support from the environment on the development of literacy, for example the support from teachers or parents. Outcome parameters representing more diverse rehabilitation initiatives have not been adequately investigated in the literature. The scientific evidence that we identified was based on few publications with contradictory results and some studies were of questionable quality, limiting the applicability of their findings. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the review identified a gap in the evidence regarding rehabilitation initiatives for visually impaired and blind adolescents that enables participation in an educational setting. The overall quality assessment of the 10 studies identified several risks of bias, for which reason the current scientific evidence does not qualify as a basis for decision making, leaving the adolescents in a heightened risk to fall even further behind in the educational system. Further high quality randomized controlled trials are required to establish high-quality evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Milde
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Diana Chabané Schmidt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anders Larsen
- UCSF - Center for Health Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Kessel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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27
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Srivastava VK, Kumar A, Gupta P, Bhati V. Visually impaired population from low socioeconomic strata and their oral health status: an observational study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024; 48:138-143. [PMID: 38239166 DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2024.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A significant portion of the world's population suffers from blindness. Despite being a vital part of systemic health, oral health is neglected in such a population. The present study aimed to determine the oral health status of blind individuals in north India and to identify the factors affecting it. Sixty-nine blind students from a local school for the visually impaired were included in the study. A questionnaire was used to record the basic demographic details and oral habits, followed by an oral examination by a single trained dentist to record dental caries, periodontal status and dental trauma. The prevalence of Dental caries was 63.8% (mean 1.43 ± 1.61). Gingival bleeding on probing (BOP) was found in 60.9% of individuals. Dental trauma prevalence was 23.2%, and harmful oral habits were found in 31.9% of individuals. Individuals experiencing a toothache in the last year had a 1.784 times higher risk of dental caries than those who didn't experience a toothache. Individuals having acquired blindness are 2.411 times more prone to dental trauma in comparison to those suffering from congenital blindness. Blind individuals have poor oral health. Toothache in the last one year is an important risk factor for dental caries in such individuals. Acquired blindness makes a person more susceptible to dental trauma than congenital blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar Srivastava
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005 Varanasi, India
| | - Aman Kumar
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005 Varanasi, India
| | - Pooja Gupta
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005 Varanasi, India
| | - Vaishali Bhati
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005 Varanasi, India
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Karimi A, Setänen S, Larsson E, Holmström G, Fredriksson Kaul Y, Kochukhova O, Johansson M, Montgomery C, Hellström-Westas L, Wikström J. Brain MRI findings and their association with visual impairment in young adolescents born very preterm. Neuroradiology 2024; 66:145-154. [PMID: 37870588 PMCID: PMC10761469 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-023-03235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Very preterm birth increases risk for neonatal white matter injury, but there is limited data on to what extent this persists into adolescence and how this relates to ophthalmological outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess brain MRI findings in 12-year-old children born very preterm compared to controls and their association with concurrent ophthalmological outcomes. METHODS We included 47 children born very preterm and 22 full-term controls (gestational age <32 and >37 weeks, respectively). Brain MRI findings were studied in association with concurrent ophthalmological outcomes at 12-year follow-up. RESULTS Evans index (0.27 vs 0.25, p<0.001) and a proposed "posterior ventricle index" (0.47 vs 0.45, p=0.018) were increased in children born very preterm. Higher gestational age associated with larger corpus callosum area (β=10.7, 95%CI 0.59-20.8). Focal white matter lesions were observed in 15 (32%) of very preterm children and in 1 (5%) of full-term controls. Increased posterior ventricle index increased risk for visual acuity ≤1.0 (OR=1.07×1011, 95%CI=7.78-1.48×1021) and contrast sensitivity <0.5 (OR=2.6×1027, 95%CI=1.9×108-3.5×1046). Decreased peritrigonal white matter thickness associated with impaired visual acuity (β=0.04, 95%CI 0.002-0.07). CONCLUSION More white matter lesions and evidence of lower white matter volume were found in children born very preterm compared with full-term controls at 12-year follow-up. The association between larger posterior ventricle index and reduced visual acuity and contrast sensitivity suggests disturbances of the posterior visual pathway due to diffuse white matter lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Karimi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Neuroradiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Radiology Department, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sirkku Setänen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Eva Larsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Ophthalmology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gerd Holmström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Ophthalmology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Olga Kochukhova
- Departments of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Departments of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Johansson
- Departments of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Montgomery
- Departments of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Johan Wikström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Neuroradiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Melnik N, Pollmann S. Saccadic re-referencing training with gaze-contingent FRL-'fixation': Effects of scotoma type and size adaptation. Vision Res 2024; 214:108340. [PMID: 38041888 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Foveal vision loss makes the fovea as saccadic reference point maladaptive. Training programs have been proposed that shift the saccadic reference point from the fovea to an extrafoveal location, just outside the area of vision loss. We used a visual search task to train normal-sighted participants to fixate target items with a predetermined 'forced retinal location' (FRL) adjacent to a simulated central scotoma. We found that training was comparatively successful for scotomata that had either a sharp or blurry demarcation from the background. Completing the task with sharp-edged scotoma resulted in overall higher training gains. Training with blurry-edged scotoma, however, yielded overall better results when scotoma size was increased after training and participants needed to adapt to a more eccentric FRL, as may be necessary in patients with progressive degenerative eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Melnik
- Department of Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Pollmann
- Department of Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Alsavaf MB, Wu KC, Gosal JS, Finger G, Koch B, Abouammo MD, Prevedello LM, Carrau RL, Prevedello DM. Endoscopic endonasal marsupialization of rathke cleft cysts: clinical outcomes and risk factors analysis of visual impairment, pituitary dysfunction, and CSF leak. Pituitary 2023; 26:696-707. [PMID: 37878234 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-023-01347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper assesses the clinical and imaging characteristics, histopathological findings, and treatment outcomes of patients with Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC), as well as identifies potential risk factors for preoperative visual and pituitary dysfunction, intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, and recurrence. Through analyzing these factors, the study aims to contribute to the current understanding of the management of RCCs and identify opportunities for improving patient outcomes. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 45 RCC patients between ages 18-80 treated by Endoscopic Endonasal Approach (EEA) and cyst marsupialization between 2010 and 2022 at a single institution. RESULTS The median patient age was 34, and 73% were female. The mean follow-up was 70 ± 43 months. Preoperative visual impairment correlated with cyst diameter (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.85, p-value = 0.01) and older age (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.11, p-value = 0.02). Intraoperative CSF leaks were 11 times more likely for cysts ≥ 2 cm (OR = 11.3, 95% CI = 1.25 to 97.37, p-value = 0.03), with the odds of leakage doubling for every 0.1 cm increase in cyst size (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.84, p-value = 0.01). Preoperative RCC appearing hypointense on T1 images demonstrated significantly higher CSF leak rates than hyperintense lesions (OR = 122.88, 95% CI = 1.5 to 10077.54, p-value = 0.03). Preoperative pituitary hypofunction was significantly more likely in patients with the presence of inflammation on histopathology (OR = 20.53, 95% CI = 2.20 to 191.45, p-value = 0.008 ) and T2 hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences (OR = 23.2, 95% CI = 2.56 to 211.02, p-value = 0.005). Notably, except for the hyperprolactinemia, no postoperative improvement was observed in pituitary function. CONCLUSION Carefully considering risk factors, surgeons can appropriately counsel patients and deliver expectations for complications and long-term results. In contrast to preoperative visual impairment, preoperative pituitary dysfunction was found to have the least improvement post-surgery. It was the most significant permanent complication, with our data indicating the link to the cyst signal intensity on T2 MR and inflammation on histopathology. Earlier surgical intervention might improve the preservation of pituitary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bilal Alsavaf
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 10th Ave Columbus Ohio, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyle C Wu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 10th Ave Columbus Ohio, Columbus, OH, USA
- The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jaskaran S Gosal
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, 342005, Rajasthan, India
| | - Guilherme Finger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 10th Ave Columbus Ohio, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brandon Koch
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Moataz D Abouammo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Luciano M Prevedello
- The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroradiology, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ricardo L Carrau
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 10th Ave Columbus Ohio, Columbus, OH, USA
- The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel M Prevedello
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 10th Ave Columbus Ohio, Columbus, OH, USA.
- The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Khatami K, Estedlal A, Vali M, Kamalipour A, Mahmoudinezhad G, Nejabat M, Nowroozzadeh MH, Vardanjani HM. Prevalence and secular trends of four causes of blindness and visual impairment in Iran (1990-2019): a comparative study based on the Global Burden of Disease project's data. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:4719-4728. [PMID: 37713146 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cataracts, refractive disorders, age-related macular disease (AMD), and glaucoma, as well as their trends from 1990 to 2019 in Iran, in comparison with high-middle socio-demographic index (HMSDI) countries and the world, using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. METHODS The GBD study provided data on the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment (VI), as well as four of their causes including cataracts, refractive disorders, age-related macular disease (AMD), and glaucoma. Using Joinpoint analysis, the annual percent change (APC) was calculated to assess the trend of change in prevalence in each category of diseases from 1990 to 2019, stratified by sex and age, for Iran, HMSDI countries, and the world. RESULTS In 2019, refractive errors and cataracts were the most common causes of blindness and VI for both genders in Iran, HMSDI countries and the world. Iran had a higher age-standardized prevalence in all four categories of ophthalmologic disorders compared to HMSDI countries and the world for both genders in 2019. Additionally, the age-specific prevalence of all four disorders in 2019 was higher in Iran compared to HMSDI countries. However, in terms of trends of prevalence from 1990 to 2019, the rate of reduction for the four ophthalmologic disorders in Iran was higher than in HMSDI and the world for both males and females. Furthermore, Iran had a greater percentage of reduction in prevalence for all age groups in all four disorders compared to HMSDI countries. CONCLUSION The prevalence of cataracts, refractive errors, AMD, and glaucoma in Iran was higher compared to HMSDI countries in 2019 for both sexes and all age groups, but the trends of prevalence for all four disorders from 1990 to 2019 in Iran had a higher slope of reduction compared to HMSDI countries for all ages and sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Khatami
- MD-MPH Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - AliReza Estedlal
- MD-MPH Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohebat Vali
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - AliReza Kamalipour
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Golnoush Mahmoudinezhad
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mahmood Nejabat
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Molavi Vardanjani
- MD-MPH Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- MD-MPH Department, School of Medicine, Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Zhu XH, Ren E, Yu MJ, Zhou YJ, Shen LW, Hu ZY. [Two cases of acute methyl acetate poisoning]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:856-858. [PMID: 38073217 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220620-00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
This article analyzed the clinical data and on-site occupational health survey results of a patient with occupational acute methyl acetate poisoning in Zhejiang. Based on the pathways of methyl acetate poisoning and the characteristics of target organ damage, diagnosis and treatment experience were summarized, providing reference for the diagnosis and treatment of occupational acute methyl acetate poisoning and occupational health monitoring of methyl acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Zhu
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - E Ren
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - M J Yu
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Y J Zhou
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - L W Shen
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Deqing County People's Hospital, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Z Y Hu
- Department of Medical Education, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Hajek A, Gyasi RM, Kretzler B, König HH. Vision and hearing problems and psychosocial outcomes: longitudinal evidence from the German Ageing Survey. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023:10.1007/s00127-023-02588-9. [PMID: 37980286 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02588-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine whether changes in vision and hearing problems are associated with changes in psychosocial outcomes (in terms of depressive symptoms, loneliness, and perceived social isolation). METHODS We used longitudinal data from the nationally representative German Ageing Survey, which covers individuals aged 43 years and over (wave 6 and wave 7, with 7108 observations and mean age of 67.5 years, SD 10.2 years). The 6-item De Jong Gierveld tool was used to quantify loneliness, the Bude and Lantermann tool was used to quantify perceived social isolation, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (15-item version) was used to quantify depressive symptoms. Self-rated problems reading the newspaper due to vision problems and self-rated difficulties recognizing known people on the street due to vision problems were used to quantify vision problems. In addition, self-rated hearing problems on the telephone and self-rated hearing problems in groups of more than four people were used to quantify hearing problems. RESULTS Adjusting for various confounders, longitudinal regressions showed that the onset of major vision problems referring to difficulties recognizing people one knows on the street was associated with increases in loneliness (β = 0.17, p < .01) and depressive symptoms (β = 1.90, p < 0.05). Moreover, the onset of some vision problems referring to difficulties reading the newspaper was associated with increases in perceived social isolation (β = 0.06, p < 0.01). Additionally, the onset of some hearing problems in groups of more than four people was associated with increases in depressive symptoms (β = 0.43, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our longitudinal study showed that vision and hearing problems can contribute differently to psychosocial factors. Delaying sensory impairment may result in favorable psychosocial factors in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Razak M Gyasi
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
- National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Benedikt Kretzler
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Veldman MHJ, van der Aa HPA, Knoop H, Bode C, Hulshof CTJ, van der Ham L, van Rens GHMB, Heymans MW, van Nispen RMA. Usability and feasibility of E-nergEYEze: a blended vision-specific E-health based cognitive behavioral therapy and self-management intervention to reduce fatigue in adults with visual impairment. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1271. [PMID: 37974261 PMCID: PMC10655361 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 50% of adults with visual impairment experience severe fatigue. Therefore, we developed a guided E-health intervention based on cognitive behavioral therapy and self-management to reduce fatigue in this population. This pilot study evaluated the usability, feasibility, fidelity and potential effectiveness of E-nergEYEze. METHODS E-nergEYEze was developed by a design team and customized by conducting a pilot study using an iterative development strategy. The intervention was first tested in a usability study among adults with visual impairment (n = 5). Participants were asked to think-aloud while exploring the intervention features and a semi-structured interview was performed afterwards. Subsequently, the enhanced intervention was tested in a feasibility study. Adults with visual impairment and severe fatigue (n = 10) followed the intervention partially with guidance from a social worker and one-time computer trainer support. Fatigue severity (Checklist Individual Strength), fatigue impact (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale) and cognitive behavioral therapy skills (Competencies of Cognitive Therapy Scale-Self Report) were measured at baseline and at three months follow-up and analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The intervention was evaluated through evaluation forms. RESULTS The usability study resulted in adjustments to content and lay-out with regard to optically shortened text sentences, separate pages for information and assignments with one read-aloud audio and an additional descriptive explanation of page content. Digital challenges were overcome with mandatory computer training and e-platform modifications. The feasibility study showed a positive trend in reducing fatigue severity (Z -6.108; P < .001; SD 8.4), impact of fatigue (Z - 4.451; P < .001; SD 11.4) and cognitive behavioral therapy skills (Z -2.278; P = .023; SD 19.3). Participants gave useful feedback regarding accessibility, content and guidance, with an overall positive experience. The intervention was rated with a median score of 8 (range 7-10). CONCLUSION We developed, evaluated and optimized E-nergEYEze by applying a user-centered and iterative approach. E-nergEYEze showed a promising trend to reduce fatigue severity and impact of fatigue and to increase cognitive behavioral therapy skills. The study methods were feasible and the fidelity of the intervention protocol was suitable. Performing a randomized controlled trial is warranted to give insight into whether E-nergEYEze is cost-effective in reducing severe fatigue in adults with visual impairment. TRIAL REGISTRATION International Clinical Trial Registry Platform: NL7764. Date registered: 28-05-2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H J Veldman
- Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health, Quality of Care, Mental Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - H P A van der Aa
- Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Quality of Care, Mental Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Knoop
- Departments of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Bode
- Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - C T J Hulshof
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L van der Ham
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G H M B van Rens
- Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M W Heymans
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R M A van Nispen
- Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Quality of Care, Mental Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Cao K, Hao J, Wang NL. Visual impairment as a risk factor of cognitive function impairment A six-year cohort study. Eur J Ophthalmol 2023; 33:2146-2153. [PMID: 37070140 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231169613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore whether baseline visual impairment (VI) increases the risk of cognitive function impairment (CFI). METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study, with a six-year follow-up period. The exposure factor of interest in this study was VI. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess participants' cognitive function. The Logistic regression model was used to investigate whether baseline VI had an effect on CFI. Confounding factors were adjusted in the regression model. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to quantify the effect of VI on CFI. RESULTS A total of 3297 participants were included in the present study. The mean age of included participants was 58.5 ± 7.2 years. Male accounted for 1480 (44.9%) of all participants. At baseline, 127 (3.9%) of the participants had VI. The MMSE score of participants who had VI at baseline decreased by 1.7 ± 3.3 points on average during the six-year follow-up, and that of participants who had no VI at baseline decreased by 1.1 ± 3.3 points on average. The difference was significant (t = 2.03, p = 0.040). Results of the multivariable Logistic regression model showed that VI was a risk factor for CFI, with an OR of 1.052 (95%CI: 1.014 to 1.092, p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Averagely, participants with VI experienced a decline in cognitive function 0.1 points faster per year than participants without VI, as measured by MMSE score. VI is an independent risk factor for CFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cao
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Li Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Choi S, Nanda P, Yuen K, Ong K. Bridging the gap in health literacy research: The inclusion of individuals with visual impairments. Patient Educ Couns 2023; 116:107932. [PMID: 37566948 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.107932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patient education and health literacy aim to enhance understanding of health and self-care for optimal health outcomes. However, the attention towards populations with visual impairments requiring specialized accommodations for improved health literacy and healthcare access appears to be insufficient METHODS: In an effort to bridge this gap, we conducted a scoping review focusing on health literacy studies undertaken specifically for individuals with visual impairments. RESULTS We encapsulate the main findings and constraints of preceding studies and deliberate on the influence of health literacy research for individuals with visual impairments on healthcare inequalities and health disparities. CONCLUSIONS A health-literate approach, combined with an accessible healthcare environment, can serve as a catalyst to motivate individuals with visual impairments to actively engage in their self-care practices. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS It is of utmost urgency to develop and validate a health literacy assessment tool for visually impaired individuals, and to utilize it for providing healthcare interventions as well as health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Choi
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, IL, USA.
| | - Pearl Nanda
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, IL, USA
| | - Kelly Yuen
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, IL, USA
| | - Kristel Ong
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, IL, USA
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Liu P, Luo B, Feng Y, Chen L, Zhao YL, Wang QX, Liang SP, Wu HY, Yuan G, Jiang GH, Zhang J. Aberrant spontaneous brain activity in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy with and without optic neuropathy: a resting-state functional MRI study. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:7981-7991. [PMID: 37410107 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09829-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the brain functional alterations in dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) by evaluating spontaneous neural activity, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with regional homogeneity (ReHo), and its relationship with ophthalmologic performance. METHODS Forty-seven patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO; 20 with DON, 27 with non-DON) and 33 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent fMRI. ReHo values were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc pairwise comparisons (voxel-level p < 0.01, Gaussian random field correction, cluster-level p < 0.05). Correlations between ReHo values and ophthalmological metrics were assessed for DONs, with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (p < 0.004). ROC curves were applied to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ReHo metrics. RESULTS ReHo values were significantly lower in the left insula and right superior temporal gyrus, and higher in the left posterior cingulate cortex (LPCC), of DON than of non-DON patients. ReHo values were also significantly lower in the right middle temporal, left insula, and left precentral gyrus in DON than in HCs. Meanwhile, ReHo values were higher in LPCC in non-DON than in HCs. ReHo values correlated with ophthalmic examinations to varying degrees in DON. For distinguishing DON, the ReHo values in LPCC showed optimal individually (AUC = 0.843), the combination of the ReHo in both the left insula and LPCC performed better (AUC = 0.915). CONCLUSION Spontaneous brain activity differed between TAO with and without DON, which may reflect the underlying pathological mechanism of DON. The ReHo index can be considered a diagnostic biomarker. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Spontaneous brain activity in DON differed from that in TAO without DON, which may reflect the underlying pathological mechanism of DON. The ReHo index can be considered a diagnostic biomarker for early detection of DON. KEY POINTS • Dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) affects brain activity, which contributes in the understanding of its visual dysfunction. • Regional homogeneity values differ between thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy with and without DON in various brain regions. • Regional homogeneity values can be used as a biomarker in the differential diagnosis of DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, #1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ban Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, #1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Li Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, #1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Xia Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, #1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Pei Liang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yu Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, #1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gui-Hua Jiang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, #1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Macharia M, Masiga M, Psiwa N, Bermudez J, Seminario AL, Kemoli AM. Oral health status and hygiene practices among visually impaired adolescents from a school in Kenya. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:725. [PMID: 37805471 PMCID: PMC10559637 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual impairment affects a significant population globally. The aim of this study was to determine the oral health status and oral hygiene practices among visually impaired adolescents from a school in Kenya. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 159 adolescents aged 10-19 years attending the largest public primary boarding school for the blind in Kenya. A questionnaire was used to record participants' socio-demographic variables and oral hygiene practices. Clinical examination was undertaken to assess oral health status which consisted of oral hygiene, gingival health, and dental caries. Bivariate analyses were conducted to compare dental health outcomes across socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS There were 69 (43.4%) and 90 (56.6%) participants in Category I and II visual impairment respectively, 85 (53.5%) were male and 74 (46.5%) were female. Study participants were divided into three age categories: 10-12 years 48 (30.2%), 13-15 years 67 (42.1%), and 16- 19 years 44 (27.7%), with an overall mean age of 13.9 ± 2.3. All participants brushed their teeth, majority 107 (67.3%) brushed two or more times daily. Only 66 (41.5%) of the participants replaced their toothbrushes at 3 months. Sex (p =< 0.001) and age (p = 0.04) influenced frequency of toothbrush replacement. The average plaque score and gingival score index was 0.95 ± 0.45 and 0.28 ± 0.25 respectively, with gingivitis prevalence of 88.1%. Overall dental caries prevalence was 44.7%, [42.1%)] permanent dentition and [8.2%] deciduous dentition. Mean DMFT and dmft were 0.44 ± 0.60 and 0.12 ± 0.32 respectively. DMFT had a statistically significant association with sex (t = 1.82, p = 0.03). Oral hygiene practices did not influence oral hygiene and dental caries status. However, a statistically significant association was reported between frequency of toothbrush replacement and gingival score index ("p" =< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The study reported general good oral hygiene, prevalent gingivitis 140 (88.1%), and almost half of the study population affected by dental caries 71 (44.7%). Most participants were unaware of using fluoridated toothpaste and of needing to change toothbrushes within 3 months. Frequency of toothbrush replacement was reported to influence gingival score index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Macharia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Mary Masiga
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nathan Psiwa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Janella Bermudez
- Advanced Education in General Dentistry Program, Yakima, Washington, USA
| | - Ana Lucia Seminario
- School of Dentistry, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Arthur Musakulu Kemoli
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Achhami E, Lamichhane S, Mahaju S, Kandel A, Poudel A, Kc R. Unregulated medication use and complications: a case study of prolonged self-treated tuberculosis in Nepal. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:659. [PMID: 37798711 PMCID: PMC10557175 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08637-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health issue, particularly in resource-constrained countries like Nepal. This case report highlights the consequences of prolonged self-treatment and non-compliance with TB management protocols, emphasizing the need for increased awareness and intervention. CASE PRESENTATION A 50-year-old male from Nepal self-medicated with anti-tubercular drugs for 13 years after completing the recommended course of treatment. He experienced worsening symptoms, including respiratory distress and visual impairment. Upon evaluation, he was diagnosed with chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis. The patient received comprehensive treatment, including antifungal therapy, steroids, antibiotics, and respiratory support, resulting in significant improvement. CONCLUSIONS This case highlights the dangers of self-treatment and non-compliance with TB management protocols. It emphasizes the importance of patient education, awareness programs, and regular follow-up to ensure treatment adherence and detect complications. The case also reveals gaps in the DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course) program, including the need for improved surveillance, and a multidisciplinary approach. The ease of over-the-counter purchase of anti-tubercular drugs in Nepal contributed to the patient's prolonged self-medication, highlighting a concerning. The complications arising from prolonged self-medication underscore the need for increased awareness, intervention, and patient education in TB management. Improving patient education, raising awareness about the risks of self-medication, and integrating ophthalmologic evaluations into standard management are essential for better TB control in Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliz Achhami
- Sukraraj Tropical & Infectious Disease Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | | | - Satyam Mahaju
- Sukraraj Tropical & Infectious Disease Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ashim Kandel
- Sukraraj Tropical & Infectious Disease Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Anubhav Poudel
- Sukraraj Tropical & Infectious Disease Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Irawati Y, Andayani G, Rahayu T, Zakiyah H, Kurniawardhani DR, Paramita C, Bani AP, Daniel H, Susiyanti M, Lestari YD, Friska D, Menaldi SL, Harini M. Vision-related quality of life among released from treatment cases of leprosy evaluated with NEI-VFQ-25: a cross-sectional study. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:398. [PMID: 37784121 PMCID: PMC10546734 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with leprosy who have been declared Release From Treatment (RFT) are often not aware of the leprosy sequelae possibility which can decrease their quality of life. This could be because they have been adapting for a long time hence they do not feel the need to see physicians. This study seeks to compare the results of Vision-Related Quality of Life (VR-QoL) among RFT persons based on the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25) and WHO grading disability based on physical examination. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 325 RFT subjects from leprosy communities (Singkawang, West Kalimantan and Tangerang, Banten) was conducted between 2018 and 2019. We used the NEI-VFQ-25 questionnaire that had been validated and translated into Indonesian and distributed to the leprosy population. Relationships and comparisons among variables were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS There were three main results: The median composite score of VR-QoL for WHO grade 0, 1, and 2 disabilities has decreased by 13%, 25.5%, and 30% of the maximum value, respectively. Of the total, eleven subscales were statistically significant between WHO grading disability and VR-QoL based on the NEI-VFQ-25 (p < 0.05). The comparison between grade 0 and grade 2 disability in all subscales was statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The grade of disability is related to their VR-QoL assessment using the NEI-VFQ-25 questionnaire. Thus, it can be used as an initial screening in primary healthcare settings to increase awareness of disability before a thorough physical examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunia Irawati
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Gitalisa Andayani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Rahayu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hindun Zakiyah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dewinta Retno Kurniawardhani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Carennia Paramita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anna Puspitasari Bani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hisar Daniel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Made Susiyanti
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yeni Dwi Lestari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Friska
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sri Linuwih Menaldi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Melinda Harini
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Khan AQ, Abbas MB, Sherwani M, Khan MJ, Asif N, Kamal D. Orthopaedic problems in the blind. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2023; 45:102261. [PMID: 37868096 PMCID: PMC10589373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2023.102261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blindness is a common problem in every society and country. The problem ranges from complete blindness to partially sighted in the affected population. India has close to 12 million visually impaired people. Orthopaedic problems are not uncommon in blind. Orthopaedic Surgeons though had been aware of the postural and gait abnormalities in blind but very few published studies have systematically focused on the effect of blindness on the development of posture and gait. Methods Case Control study done for the orthopaedic evaluation of the blind and partially sighted individuals. The study population included 242 students of Ahmadi School for the Blind, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (India), as the cases and another matched set of 250 non-blind children. All the children were assessed for the orthopaedic problems like degree of ligamentous laxity, spinal alignment, foot morphology and alignment of hips, knees and ankles. Standing posture and gait were also examined and recorded. Ligamentous laxity was assessed according to the method adopted by Beighton et al.10 Chi-square test was applied using IBM SPSS 23.0. Results 139 children (57.4 %) were found to have laxity of the ligaments. 72 children (29.7 %) had spine deformities, out of which kyphosis was present in 34 (47.2 %), scoliosis in 23 (31.9 %), lordosis in 13 (18.0 %), and meningomyelocele in 2 (2.9 %) children. 119 children (49.1 %) had foot deformities. 37 children (15.2 %) had knee deformity. 22 children (9.0 %) showed evidence of cerebral palsy. 216 children (89.2 %) had varying degrees of postural abnormalities. The data was statistically significant when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Blindness causes a wide range of complicated sensory and motor problems that frequently forces people into isolation. Blind rehabilitation requires an interdisciplinary approach. Orthopaedic problems are quite common in blind individuals and should be dealt separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qayyum Khan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Baqar Abbas
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - M.K.A. Sherwani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Jesan Khan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Naiyer Asif
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Danish Kamal
- Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Cooper L, Fuzesi P, Jacob SA, Kamalakannan S, Lennon M, Macaden L, Smith A, Welsh T, Broadfoot K, Watson MC. Assistive technologies and strategies to support the medication management of individuals with hearing and/or visual impairment: A scoping review. Disabil Health J 2023; 16:101500. [PMID: 37481354 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2023.101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with sensory impairment (visual and/or hearing) experience health inequalities and increased the risk of medication-related iatrogenic disease compared with the general population. Assistive technologies and tailored strategies could support medication management for individuals with sensory impairment to reduce harm and increase the likelihood of therapeutic benefit. OBJECTIVE This scoping review identified assistive technologies and strategies to support medication management of/for people with hearing and/or visual impairment. METHODS Standard scoping review methodology was used to identify studies that evaluated technologies or strategies designed to support people with sensory impairment with independent medicine management. Electronic databases were searched (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, ACM, Cochrane) from inception to 18/07/22. Independent duplicate screening, selection, and data extraction were undertaken. RESULTS Of 1231 publications identified, 18 were included, reporting 17 studies, 16 of which evaluated technologies to assist people with visual impairment and one study to assist people with hearing impairment. The range of technologies and devices included: applications for android phones (n = 6); eyedrop-assistance devices (n = 5); audio-prescription labelling/reading systems (n = 2); touch-to-speech devices (n = 2); continuous glucose monitoring system (n = 1); magnifying technology (n = 1). Ten studies tested early-stage prototypes. Most participants could operate the technologies effectively and deemed them to be useful. CONCLUSIONS Despite the increasing number of medicine-related assistive technologies, there has been limited empirical evaluation of their effectiveness for supporting individuals with sensory impairment. Prototypes appear to be useful for people with visual or hearing impairment, however wider 'real-life' testing is needed to confirm the benefits of these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Cooper
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Peter Fuzesi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Sabrina Anne Jacob
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Sureshkumar Kamalakannan
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Well-being, Northumbria University, Sutherland Building, 2 Ellison Pl, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Marilyn Lennon
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
| | - Leah Macaden
- Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK.
| | - Annetta Smith
- University of the Highlands and Islands, 12b Ness Walk, Inverness IV3 5SQ, UK.
| | - Tomas Welsh
- RICE, The Research Institute for the Care of Older People, 8, The RICE Centre Royal United Hospital, Combe Park, Bath BA1 3NG, UK.
| | - Kirsten Broadfoot
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
| | - Margaret C Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
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Terheyden JH, Gerhards J, Ost RAD, Wintergerst MWM, Holz FG, Finger RP. Patient-reported vision impairment in low luminance predicts multiple falls. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:583. [PMID: 37735629 PMCID: PMC10515075 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual impairment is an independent risk factor for falling. Whether this extends to patient-reported visual difficulties has not been assessed to date. We have evaluated whether patient-reported visual difficulties in low-contrast and low luminance situations are a risk factor for falls and concerns about falling. METHODS Baseline assessments in outpatients with varying degrees of visual impairment aged ≥ 60 years included the Vision Impairment in Low Luminance (VILL) questionnaire and socio-demographic data; prospective follow-up assessments included falls over 12 months, the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES-I) and the VILL. The VILL was scored using Rasch models, and the FES-I was categorized following published guidelines. Associations were investigated using logistic regression analysis, controlling for age, visual acuity and known risk factors of falling. RESULTS We included 112 participants (74 women, mean age 70 ± 7 years). Twenty-seven participants recalled any falls and eleven recalled multiple falls at follow-up. Higher VILL reading subscale and mobility subscale scores at baseline were significantly associated with reporting less multiple falls at follow-up (OR 0.559 [0.333-0.936], p = 0.027 and OR 0.595 [0.377-0.940], p = 0.026). VILL scores were significantly associated with concerns about falling (high versus low: p ≤ 0.004, reading, mobility and emotional subscales; high versus moderate: p = 0.004, emotional subscale). CONCLUSIONS Patient-reported visual difficulties under low illumination and in low-contrast conditions are predictive of multiple falls in the future, have an additional predictive value over established risk scores, and are associated with concerns to fall. Current fall risk assessments may benefit from the inclusion of such assessments, e.g. the VILL questionnaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Henrik Terheyden
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, NRW, Venusberg-Campus 1, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Johanna Gerhards
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, NRW, Venusberg-Campus 1, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Reglind A D Ost
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, NRW, Venusberg-Campus 1, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maximilian W M Wintergerst
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, NRW, Venusberg-Campus 1, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, NRW, Venusberg-Campus 1, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert P Finger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, NRW, Venusberg-Campus 1, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Mannheim & Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Manhas KP, Damji K, Brehon K, Jiang J, Faris P, Costello F. Barriers to Care for Poststroke Visual Deficits in Alberta, Canada. Can J Neurol Sci 2023; 50:773-776. [PMID: 35912690 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2022.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Poststroke visual impairment (VI) negatively affects rehabilitation potential and quality of life for stroke survivors. In this cross-sectional observational study, stroke survivors and providers were surveyed to quantify perspectives regarding care for poststroke VI in Alberta, Canada (n = 46 survivors; n = 87 providers). Few patients (35%) felt prepared to cope with VI at the time of discharge from acute stroke and inpatient rehabilitation settings. Less than 25% of stroke survivors, and <16% of providers, felt referral processes were adequate. 95.2% of providers and 82% of stroke survivors advocated for a provincial clinical pathway to improve care quality for poststroke VI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Pohar Manhas
- Neurosciences, Rehabilitation & Vision, Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karim Damji
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Katelyn Brehon
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennis Jiang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter Faris
- Health Services Statistical & Analytic Methods, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fiona Costello
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences & Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Tegegn MT, Assaye AK, Belete GT. Prevalence, causes and associated factors of visual impairment and blindness among older population in outreach site, Northwest Ethiopia. A dual center cross-sectional study. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:683-695. [PMID: 38357156 PMCID: PMC10862582 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i3.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The study aimed to determine the prevalence, causes, and associated factors of visual impairment and blindness among the older population in Outreach sites, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-outreach-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 821 older population which were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Face-to-face interviews and ocular examinations were performed to collect the data. A binary logistic regression was performed. Result A total of 821 participants were recruited for the study with a median age of 57 years, with a range of 40-91 years. Out of 821 participants, 41.8% had visual impairment, and 11.7% were blind. Sixty-four and fifty seven percent of visual impairment and blindness were caused by cataract. Age ≥70years (AOR=15.0; 95%CI: 8.4-26.9), rural residency (AOR=2.3; 95%CI: 1.5-3.6), non-formal education (AOR=3.0; 95%CI: 1.6-5.6), unemployed (AOR=1.5;95%CI:1.05-2.4) and history of eye examination (AOR=1.7;95%CI:1.1-2.8) were positively associated with visual impairment. Similarly, blindness was significantly associated with age ≥ 70years (AOR=7.2; 95%CI: 3.1-16.6), rural residency (AOR=2.2;95%CI:1.2-4.2), and history of eye examination (AOR=1.9; 95%CI: 1.1- 3.3). Conclusion the prevalence of visual impairment and blindness in this study was found to be high. Age, residency, educational status, occupational status, and history of eye examination were significantly associated with visual impairment and blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melkamu Temeselew Tegegn
- Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Aragaw Kegne Assaye
- Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gizachew Tilahun Belete
- Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Rasouli Kahaki Z, Karimi M, Taherian M, Simi R. Development and validation of a white cane use perceived advantages and disadvantages (WCPAD) questionnaire. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:253. [PMID: 37649118 PMCID: PMC10466727 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The white cane is globally an important tool in orientation and mobility for blind and visually impaired people, but it is not often used. The goal of this study was to develop and validate the white cane use perceived advantages and disadvantages (WCPAD) questionnaire for detecting effective factors in the use or non-use of canes. METHOD The initial questionnaire items were extracted through semi-structured interviews with 21 blind or severely impaired vision individuals under two main themes, the perceived advantages, and disadvantages of using a white cane. Linguistic validity and writing evaluation with seven experts, face validity with 23 blind persons, content validity ratio (CVR), and content validity index (CVI) were used for assessment of validity. Internal and external reliability assessment was done using Cronbach's alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Explanatory factor analysis was conducted to identify the factors of the questionnaire; then, corrected item-total correlations, convergent and discriminant validity, and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) were done, and model fit indices were reported. A total of 320 blind and severe visual impaired individuals (138 males and 182 females) participated in the study. The final questionnaire contained 12 questions in perceived advantages and 21 in perceived disadvantages. RESULTS Three factors (social participation, mobility, and culture) extracted for perceived advantages which explained 67.95% of the total variance, Cronbach-α for the three extracted factors was between 0.75 and 0.91. Four factors (social, safety, ergonomics, and family) for perceived disadvantages were extracted which explained 50.98% of the total variance. Cronbach-α for the four extracted factors was from 0.75 to 0.88. CFA confirmed the final models for perceived advantages and disadvantages. CONCLUSION WCPAD questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and the factors obtained from factor analysis can measure the reasons for using or otherwise of white canes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Rasouli Kahaki
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoud Karimi
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Health Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Giloyan A, Harutyunyan T, Babayan A, Petrosyan V. Factors associated with health-related quality of life among people with visual impairments living in nursing homes in Armenia: a cross-sectional study. Disabil Rehabil 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37578136 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2247328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to examine the effect of visual impairment (VI), eye diseases, and other risk factors on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in nursing home residents in Armenia. METHODS This cross-sectional study administered an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire to collect information about socio-demographics, chronic diseases, HRQoL, smoking, receiving and giving instrumental/emotional social support, and sleeping disorders among 313 nursing home residents. An ophthalmic examination of the participants was conducted. RESULTS The mean age was 72.5 years, ranging from 45.5 to 91.4. Women constituted 50% of the sample. The prevalence of normal vision by presenting visual acuity with available correction was 55.3%, while VI and blindness were present in 40.8% and 3.9%, respectively. Uncorrected refractive error (URE) was found in 20% of participants. The mean HRQoL score was 51.3, ranging from 7.9 to 95.0. In the adjusted analysis, having at least one chronic non-communicable disease, sleeping disorders, eye diseases, URE, VI, blindness, and giving instrumental social support were associated with HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS Regular eye care services could improve the eye health and HRQoL of nursing home residents. Interventions addressing vision loss and chronic non-communicable diseases could enhance the functioning and overall well-being of the target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Giloyan
- Garo Meghrigian Institute for Preventive Ophthalmology, Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Tsovinar Harutyunyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ani Babayan
- Garo Meghrigian Institute for Preventive Ophthalmology, Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Varduhi Petrosyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
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Abi Chebel NM, Gaunet F, Chavet P, Assaiante C, Bourdin C, Sarlegna FR. Does visual experience influence arm proprioception and its lateralization? Evidence from passive matching performance in congenitally-blind and sighted adults. Neurosci Lett 2023; 810:137335. [PMID: 37321387 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In humans, body segments' position and movement can be estimated from multiple senses such as vision and proprioception. It has been suggested that vision and proprioception can influence each other and that upper-limb proprioception is asymmetrical, with proprioception of the non-dominant arm being more accurate and/or precise than proprioception of the dominant arm. However, the mechanisms underlying the lateralization of proprioceptive perception are not yet understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that early visual experience influences the lateralization of arm proprioceptive perception by comparing 8 congenitally-blind and 8 matched, sighted right-handed adults. Their proprioceptive perception was assessed at the elbow and wrist joints of both arms using an ipsilateral passive matching task. Results support and extend the view that proprioceptive precision is better at the non-dominant arm for blindfolded sighted individuals. While this finding was rather systematic across sighted individuals, proprioceptive precision of congenitally-blind individuals was not lateralized as systematically, suggesting that lack of visual experience during ontogenesis influences the lateralization of arm proprioception.
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Rajeshkannan S., Yenuganti VV, Solomon MAT, Rajsri T. R., Janana Priya G.. Association of Visual Impairment with Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Indian J Psychol Med 2023; 45:345-351. [PMID: 37483569 PMCID: PMC10357907 DOI: 10.1177/02537176221087124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Worldwide, there is an increase in the incidence of suicide each year. Suicide attempts are estimated to be more frequent than actual suicide mortality. One potential contributor to suicide risk is the presence of sensory impairments (visual or hearing impairments). The present review aimed to assess the direction and strength of the association between visual impairment (VI) and the risk of suicidal behavior. Methods A systematic search was carried out on the literature published up to July 2021 in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov. The association between VI and suicidal ideation/attempt was summarized by pooled odds ratio with 95% CI. Results Six studies with a sample size of 1,64,752 were included in the final quantitative synthesis. The pooled odds ratios (95% CI) for suicidal ideation and attempt among persons with VI were 1.53 (1.30-1.79) and 4.55 (2.39-8.67), respectively. On subgroup analysis, the odds of suicidal ideation were higher in persons with additional sensory impairment, 2.07 (1.21-3.53), than in the group with VI only, 1.63 (95% 1.34-1.98). Conclusion This study found a significant association between suicidal behavior and VI, more so in persons with dual impairment. Structured assessment for psychological health and appropriate management should be an integral part of managing people with visual and other sensory impairments, to prevent this serious adverse consequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshkannan S.
- Dept. of Community Medicine, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vishnu Vardhan Yenuganti
- Dept. of Community Medicine, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rajsri T. R.
- Dept. of Community Medicine, Evidencian Research Associates, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Janana Priya G.
- Dept. of Public Health, Evidencian Research Associates, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sharif NA. Identifying new drugs and targets to treat rapidly elevated intraocular pressure for angle closure and secondary glaucomas to curb visual impairment and prevent blindness. Exp Eye Res 2023; 232:109444. [PMID: 36958427 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
A multitude of pharmacological compounds have been shown to lower and control intraocular pressure (IOP) in numerous species of animals and human subjects after topical ocular dosing or via other routes of administration. Most researchers have been interested in finding drug candidates that exhibit a relatively long duration of action from a chronic therapeutic use perspective, for example to treat ocular hypertension (OHT), primary open-angle glaucoma and even normotensive glaucoma. However, it is equally important to seek and characterize treatment modalities which offer a rapid onset of action to help provide fast relief from quickly rising IOP that occurs in certain eye diseases. These include acute angle-closure glaucoma, primary angle-closure glaucoma, uveitic and inflammatory glaucoma, medication-induced OHT, and other secondary glaucomas induced by eye injury or infection which can cause partial or complete loss of eyesight. Such fast-acting agents can delay or prevent the need for ocular surgery which is often used to lower the dangerously raised IOP. This research survey was therefore directed at identifying agents from the literature that demonstrated ocular hypotensive activity, normalizing and unifying the data, determining their onset of action and rank ordering them on the basis of rapidity of action starting within 30-60 min and lasting up to at least 3-4 h post topical ocular dosing in different animal species. This research revealed a few health authority-approved drugs and some investigational compounds that appear to meet the necessary criteria of fast onset of action coupled with significant efficacy to reduce elevated IOP (by ≥ 20%, preferably by >30%). However, translation of the novel animal-based findings to the human conditions remains to be demonstrated but represent viable targets, especially EP2-receptor agonists (e.g. omidenepag isopropyl; AL-6598; butaprost), mixed activity serotonin/dopamine receptor agonists (e.g. cabergoline), rho kinase inhibitors (e.g. AMA0076, Y39983), CACNA2D1-gene product inhibitors (e.g. pregabalin), melatonin receptor agonists, and certain K+-channel openers (e.g. nicorandil, pinacidil). Other drug candidates and targets were also identified and will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najam A Sharif
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, UK; Imperial College of Science and Technology, St. Mary's Campus, London, UK; Eye-ACP Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore; Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA; Ophthalmology Innovation Center, Santen Inc USA, Emeryville, CA, USA.
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