1
|
Ma J, Zhao M, Kong X, Xie H, Li H, Jiao Z, Zhang Z. An innovative dual-organelle targeting NIR fluorescence probe for detecting hydroxyl radicals in biosystem and inflammation models. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107678. [PMID: 39068715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The hydroxyl radical (OH) is highly reactive and plays a significant role in a number of physiological and pathological processes within biosystems. Aberrant changes in the level of hydroxyl radical are associated with many disorders including tumor, inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) in biological systems and imaging them is highly significant. In this work, a novel fluorescent probe (HR-DL) has been developed, targeting two organelles simultaneously. The probe is based on a coumarin-quinoline structure and exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity towards hydroxyl radicals (OH). When reacting with OH, the hydrogen abstraction process released its long-range π-conjugation and ICT processes, leading to a substantial red-shift in wavelength. This probe has the benefits of good water solubility (in its oxidative state), short response time (within 10 s), and unique dual lysosome/mitochondria targeting capabilities. It has been applied for sensing OH in biosystem and inflammation mice models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China; Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson 29634, SC, United States.
| | - Mingtao Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Xiangtao Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Hua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - He Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Zilin Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China; Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alanazi M, Yong J, Wu M, Zhang Z, Tian D, Zhang R. Recent Advances in Detection of Hydroxyl Radical by Responsive Fluorescence Nanoprobes. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400105. [PMID: 38447112 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxyl radical (•OH), a highly reactive oxygen species (ROS), is assumed as one of the most aggressive free radicals. This radical has a detrimental impact on cells as it can react with different biological substrates leading to pathophysiological disorders, including inflammation, mitochondrion dysfunction, and cancer. Quantification of this free radical in-situ plays critical roles in early diagnosis and treatment monitoring of various disorders, like macrophage polarization and tumor cell development. Luminescence analysis using responsive probes has been an emerging and reliable technique for in-situ detection of various cellular ROS, and some recently developed •OH responsive nanoprobes have confirmed the association with cancer development. This paper aims to summarize the recent advances in the characterization of •OH in living organisms using responsive nanoprobes, covering the production, the sources of •OH, and biological function, especially in the development of related diseases followed by the discussion of luminescence nanoprobes for •OH detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mazen Alanazi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jiaxi Yong
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Zexi Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Dihua Tian
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cardoso MA, Gonçalves HMR, Davis F. Reactive oxygen species in biological media are they friend or foe? Major In vivo and In vitro sensing challenges. Talanta 2023; 260:124648. [PMID: 37167678 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) on biological media has been shifting over the years, as the knowledge on the complex mechanism that lies in underneath their production and overall results has been growing. It has been known for some time that these species are associated with a number of health conditions. However, they also participate in the immunoactivation cascade process, and can have an active role in theranostics. Macrophages, for example, react to the presence of pathogens through ROS production, potentially allowing the development of new therapeutic strategies. However, their short lifetime and limited spatial distribution of ROS have been limiting factors to the development and understanding of this phenomenon. Even though, ROS have shown successful theranostic applications, e.g., photodynamic therapy, their wide applicability has been hampered by the lack of effective tools for monitoring these processes in real time. Thus the development of innovative sensing strategies for in vivo monitoring of the balance between ROS concentration and the resultant immune response is of the utmost relevance. Such knowledge could lead to major breakthroughs towards the development of more effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. Within this review we will present the current understanding on the interaction mechanisms of ROS with biological systems and their overall effect. Additionally, the most promising sensing tools developed so far, for both in vivo and in vitro tracking will be presented along with their main limitations and advantages. This review focuses on the four main ROS that have been studied these are: singlet oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marita A Cardoso
- REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia Do Porto, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena M R Gonçalves
- REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia Do Porto, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal; Biosensor NTech - Nanotechnology Services, Lda, Avenida da Liberdade, 249, 1° Andar, 1250-143, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Frank Davis
- Department of Engineering and Applied Design University of Chichester, Bognor Regis, West Sussex, PO21 1HR, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Z, Guo H, Liu B, Xian D, Liu X, Da B, Sun L. Understanding Complex Electron Radiolysis in Saline Solution by Big Data Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:15113-15122. [PMID: 35572744 PMCID: PMC9089687 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we developed a new method to analyze the complex chemical reactions induced by electron beam radiolysis based on big data analysis. At first, we built an element transport network to show the chemical reactions. Furthermore, the linearity between the species was quantified by Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. Based on the analysis, the mechanism of the high linearity between the special species pairs was interpreted by the element transport roadmap and chemical equations. The time variation of the pH of the solution and bubble formation in the solution were analyzed by simulation and data analysis. The simulation indicates that O2 and H2 can easily oversaturate and form bubbles. Finally, the radiolysis of high-energy electrons in pure water was analyzed as a reference for the radiolysis of high-energy electrons in saline solution. This work provides a new method for investigating a high-energy electron radiolysis process and for simplifying a complex chemical reaction based on quantitative analysis of the species variation in the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- SEU-FEI
Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education,
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Hongxuan Guo
- SEU-FEI
Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education,
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic
of China
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Manufacture, Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- SEU-FEI
Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education,
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Dali Xian
- SEU-FEI
Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education,
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Xuanxuan Liu
- SEU-FEI
Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education,
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Bo Da
- Research
and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Litao Sun
- SEU-FEI
Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education,
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic
of China
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Manufacture, Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vermot A, Petit-Härtlein I, Smith SME, Fieschi F. NADPH Oxidases (NOX): An Overview from Discovery, Molecular Mechanisms to Physiology and Pathology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:890. [PMID: 34205998 PMCID: PMC8228183 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX) was first identified in the membrane of phagocytic cells. For many years, its only known role was in immune defense, where its ROS production leads to the destruction of pathogens by the immune cells. NOX from phagocytes catalyzes, via one-electron trans-membrane transfer to molecular oxygen, the production of the superoxide anion. Over the years, six human homologs of the catalytic subunit of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase were found: NOX1, NOX3, NOX4, NOX5, DUOX1, and DUOX2. Together with the NOX2/gp91phox component present in the phagocyte NADPH oxidase assembly itself, the homologs are now referred to as the NOX family of NADPH oxidases. NOX are complex multidomain proteins with varying requirements for assembly with combinations of other proteins for activity. The recent structural insights acquired on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic NOX open new perspectives for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms inherent to NOX regulation and ROS production (superoxide or hydrogen peroxide). This new structural information will certainly inform new investigations of human disease. As specialized ROS producers, NOX enzymes participate in numerous crucial physiological processes, including host defense, the post-translational processing of proteins, cellular signaling, regulation of gene expression, and cell differentiation. These diversities of physiological context will be discussed in this review. We also discuss NOX misregulation, which can contribute to a wide range of severe pathologies, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, lung fibrosis, cancer, or neurodegenerative diseases, giving this family of membrane proteins a strong therapeutic interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annelise Vermot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France; (A.V.); (I.P.-H.)
| | - Isabelle Petit-Härtlein
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France; (A.V.); (I.P.-H.)
| | - Susan M. E. Smith
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA;
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France; (A.V.); (I.P.-H.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Significance: Persistent oxidative stress is a common feature of cancer cells, giving a specific weapon to selectively eliminate them. Ascorbate in pharmacological concentration can contribute to the suspended formation of hydroxyl radical via the Fenton reaction; thus, it can be an important element of the oxidative stress therapy against cancer cells. Recent Advances: The main components of ascorbate-induced cell death are DNA double-strand breaks via the production of hydroxyl radical and ATP depletion due to the activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1. Presumably, DNA damage can be the primary contributor to the anticancer activity of pharmacological ascorbate, as opposed to the rupture of bioenergetics. The caspase independency of high-dose ascorbate-induced cell death proposed the possible involvement of several types of cell death, such as ferroptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy. Critical Issues: Ascorbate can target at least two key molecular features of cancer cells as a part of the anticancer therapy: the intrinsic or acquired resistance to cell death and the dysregulated metabolism of cancer cells. It seems probable that different concentrations of ascorbate alter the nature of induced cell death. Autophagy and necroptosis may play a role at intermediate concentrations, but caspase-independent apoptosis may dominate at higher concentrations. However, ascorbate behaves as an effective inhibitor of ferroptosis that may have crucial importance in its possible clinical application. Future Directions: The elucidation of the details and the links between high-dose ascorbate-induced cancer selective cell death mechanisms may give us a tool to form and apply synergistic cancer therapies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 831-844.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- András Szarka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Kapuy
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Lőrincz
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bánhegyi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lei M, Chen G, Zhang M, Lei J, Li T, Li D, Zheng H. A pH-sensitive drug delivery system based on hyaluronic acid co-deliver doxorubicin and aminoferrocene for the combined application of chemotherapy and chemodynamic therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 203:111750. [PMID: 33862573 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a broad-spectrum antineoplastic drug used in tumor therapy, its clinical application is limited by side effects on normal tissues. In this article, a pH-responsive drug delivery system (NPs(DOX/AFc)) with co-delivers doxorubicin (DOX) and aminoferrocene (AFc) was prepared by a two-step synthesis method including the oxidation of hyaluronic acid and Schiff base reaction. NPs(DOX/AFc) can be used in combination therapy of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and chemotherapy (CT), thus the dosage of the chemotherapeutic drug DOX was reduced. The drug release behavior of NPs(DOX/AFc) in vitro showed that acid-responsive drug releases under the endosomal/lysosomal environment were 56.5 % of DOX and 61.8 % of AFc. In vitro toxicity experiments showed that DOX and AFc had synergistic effects (CI = 0.878). The results of intracellular ROS measurement and the mitochondrial membrane potential analysis showed that in tumor cells NPs(DOX4/AFc) induced more production of reactive oxygen species and more loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In short, this co-delivery system based on polymer prodrugs provides a new idea for the combined application of CT and CDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengheng Lei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jiaqing Lei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Hua Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bukowska-Strakova K, Włodek J, Pitera E, Kozakowska M, Konturek-Cieśla A, Cieśla M, Gońka M, Nowak W, Wieczorek A, Pawińska-Wąsikowska K, Józkowicz A, Siedlar M. Role of HMOX1 Promoter Genetic Variants in Chemoresistance and Chemotherapy Induced Neutropenia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22030988. [PMID: 33498175 PMCID: PMC7863945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22030988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Whilst the survival rates of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have increased remarkably over the last decades, the therapy resistance and toxicity are still the major causes of treatment failure. It was shown that overexpression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) promotes proliferation and chemoresistance of cancer cells. In humans, the HO-1 gene (HMOX1) expression is modulated by two polymorphisms in the promoter region: (GT)n-length polymorphism and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) A(−413)T, with short GT repeat sequences and 413-A variants linked to an increased HO-1 inducibility. We found that the short alleles are significantly more frequent in ALL patients in comparison to the control group, and that their presence may be associated with a higher risk of treatment failure, reflecting the role of HO-1 in chemoresistance. We also observed that the presence of short alleles may predispose to develop chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. In case of SNP, the 413-T variant co-segregated with short or long alleles, while 413-A almost selectively co-segregated with long alleles, hence it is not possible to determine if SNPs are actually of phenotypic significance. Our results suggest that HO-1 can be a potential target to overcome the treatment failure in ALL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Bukowska-Strakova
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-663 Kraków, Poland; (J.W.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.-S.); (A.J.); (M.S.); Tel.: +48-(12)-664-6411 (A.J.); +48-(12)-658-2486 (M.S.); Fax: +48-(12)-658-1756 (M.S.)
| | - Joanna Włodek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-663 Kraków, Poland; (J.W.); (E.P.)
| | - Ewelina Pitera
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-663 Kraków, Poland; (J.W.); (E.P.)
| | - Magdalena Kozakowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Anna Konturek-Cieśla
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Maciej Cieśla
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Monika Gońka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Witold Nowak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Aleksandra Wieczorek
- Pediatric, Oncology and Hematology Department, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.W.); (K.P.-W.)
| | - Katarzyna Pawińska-Wąsikowska
- Pediatric, Oncology and Hematology Department, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.W.); (K.P.-W.)
| | - Alicja Józkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.-S.); (A.J.); (M.S.); Tel.: +48-(12)-664-6411 (A.J.); +48-(12)-658-2486 (M.S.); Fax: +48-(12)-658-1756 (M.S.)
| | - Maciej Siedlar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-663 Kraków, Poland; (J.W.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.-S.); (A.J.); (M.S.); Tel.: +48-(12)-664-6411 (A.J.); +48-(12)-658-2486 (M.S.); Fax: +48-(12)-658-1756 (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nan Y, Gu Y, Zhou Q, Zhao W, Zhang J. Ultra-low background signaling cascade amplifiers for in vivo fluorescence imaging of hydroxyl radical production induced by testosterone. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02772g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel ultra-low background signal cascade amplifier was developed to understand the production mechanism of ˙OH pools in situ stimulated by testosterone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Nan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Qiulan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dominic A, Hamilton D, Abe JI. Mitochondria and chronic effects of cancer therapeutics: The clinical implications. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 51:884-889. [PMID: 33079380 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the major mechanisms of action of chemo-radiation is to induce cellular senescence, which exerts crucial roles in age-related pathology. The concept of senescence is evolved, and the novel understanding of senescence-associated reprogramming/stemness has emerged. This new concept emphasizes senescence as not only cell cycle arrest but describes that subsets of senescent cells induced by chemotherapy can re-enter cell cycles, proliferate rapidly, and acquire "stemness" status. Cancer therapeutics, including chemo-radiation triggers toxicity effects through damaging mitochondria, primarily through the upregulation of mtROS production leading to subsequent mtDNA and telomeric DNA damage elicitng DNA damage responses (DDR). The ultimate goal of this review is to highlight the new concept of senescence-associated stemness that is induced by cancer treatment and its adverse effects on the vascular system. We will describe how chemo-radiation exerts toxicity effects by simultaneously producing reactive oxygen species in mitochondria and promoting DDR in the nucleus. We discuss the potential of clinical targeting poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase which might prevent downstream mitochondrial dysfunction and confer protection to cancer survivors. Overall we emphasize the importance of recognizing the consequences of cardio-toxic effects of several cancer treatments and therefore developing personalized therapeutic approaches to screen for inflammatory and cardiac testing for better patient survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abishai Dominic
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dale Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Center for Bioenergetics Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun-Ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hou JT, Zhang M, Liu Y, Ma X, Duan R, Cao X, Yuan F, Liao YX, Wang S, Xiu Ren W. Fluorescent detectors for hydroxyl radical and their applications in bioimaging: A review. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
12
|
Zhou Y, Yang S, Xiao Y, Zou Z, Qing Z, Liu J, Yang R. Cytoplasmic Protein-Powered In Situ Fluorescence Amplification for Intracellular Assay of Low-Abundance Analyte. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15179-15186. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zou
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Zhihe Qing
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ronghua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wen YM, Wang ZQ, Hu CE, Chen XR, Chen QF. Possible low-energy isomers of OH (H2O)4 (n = 0, ±1) clusters via the particle swarm optimization algorithm: An ab initio study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
14
|
Hao H, Sun M, Li P, Sun J, Liu X, Gao W. In Situ Growth of a Cationic Polymer from the N-Terminus of Glucose Oxidase To Regulate H 2O 2 Generation for Cancer Starvation and H 2O 2 Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:9756-9762. [PMID: 30773872 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-generating enzymes (HGEs) are potentially useful for tumor therapy, but the potential is limited by the challenge in regulating H2O2 production. Herein, we present site-specific in situ growth of a cationic polymer poly( N, N'-dimethylamino-2-ethyl methacrylate) (PDMA) from the N-terminus of glucose oxidase (GOX) to generate a site-specific and cationic GOX-PDMA conjugate with well-retained activity and enhanced stability to regulate H2O2 generation for cancer starvation and H2O2 therapy. Notably, the efficiency of endocytosis of the conjugate was 4-fold higher than that of free GOX. As a result, relative to free GOX, the conjugate showed 1.5-fold increased cytotoxicity, 2-fold enhanced tumor retention, and 5-fold increased tolerability after intratumoral injection. Importantly, a single intratumoral injection of the conjugate completely abolished colon tumors without detectable side effects, whereas free GOX was ineffective and systemically toxic. This chemistry may provide a new, simple, general, and efficient solution to regulate H2O2 production and thereby to dramatically improve the antitumor efficacy of HGEs while reducing side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanjun Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Pengyong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Biomedical Engineering Department , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lim NY, Ahn J, Won M, Choi W, Kim JS, Jung JH. Novel Cyanostilbene-Based Fluorescent Chemoprobe for Hydroxyl Radicals and Its Two-Photon Bioimaging in Living Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:936-942. [PMID: 35016297 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel cyanostilbene derivative as a selective fluorescent chemoprobe for hydroxyl radicals was synthesized. The chemoprobe shows strong green emission in aqueous solution with the addition of hydroxyl radicals. Conversely, negligible emission changes are observed upon addition of other reactive oxygen species. The chemoprobe 1 shows high sensitivity, having the low detection limit of ∼1.0 × 10-7 M. Furthermore, the fluorescent chemoprobe exhibits low cytotoxicity and is effectively applied to bioimaging of hydroxyl radicals by two-photon confocal microscopy in HeLa cells. These results indicate that the new chemoprobe has great potential for bioimaging in vivo and in vitro systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Young Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Junho Ahn
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.,Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Changwon, Gyeongnam 51508, South Korea
| | - Miae Won
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Wonjin Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lei K, Sun M, Du L, Zhang X, Yu H, Wang S, Hayat T, Alsaedi A. Sensitive determination of endogenous hydroxyl radical in live cell by a BODIPY based fluorescent probe. Talanta 2017; 170:314-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
17
|
NADPH Oxidases: Insights into Selected Functions and Mechanisms of Action in Cancer and Stem Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017. [PMID: 28626501 PMCID: PMC5463201 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9420539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOX) are reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) generating enzymes regulating numerous redox-dependent signaling pathways. NOX are important regulators of cell differentiation, growth, and proliferation and of mechanisms, important for a wide range of processes from embryonic development, through tissue regeneration to the development and spread of cancer. In this review, we discuss the roles of NOX and NOX-derived ROS in the functioning of stem cells and cancer stem cells and in selected aspects of cancer cell physiology. Understanding the functions and complex activities of NOX is important for the application of stem cells in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and development of new therapies toward invasive forms of cancers.
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu F, Bing T, Shangguan D, Zhao M, Shao N. Ratiometric Fluorescent Biosensing of Hydrogen Peroxide and Hydroxyl Radical in Living Cells with Lysozyme–Silver Nanoclusters: Lysozyme as Stabilizing Ligand and Fluorescence Signal Unit. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10631-10638. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Tao Bing
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dihua Shangguan
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Meiping Zhao
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Na Shao
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Villanueva-Paz M, Cordero MD, Pavón AD, Vega BC, Cotán D, De la Mata M, Oropesa-Ávila M, Alcocer-Gomez E, de Lavera I, Garrido-Maraver J, Carrascosa J, Zaderenko AP, Muntané J, de Miguel M, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Amitriptyline induces mitophagy that precedes apoptosis in human HepG2 cells. Genes Cancer 2016; 7:260-277. [PMID: 27738496 PMCID: PMC5059116 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been largely unsuccessful. This study investigated the antitumoral activity of Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, in hepatoma cells. Amitriptyline-induced toxicity involved early mitophagy activation that subsequently switched to apoptosis. Amitriptyline induced mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Amitriptyline specifically inhibited mitochondrial complex III activity that is associated with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies revealed structurally abnormal mitochondria that were engulfed by double-membrane structures resembling autophagosomes. Consistent with mitophagy activation, fluorescence microscopy analysis showed mitochondrial Parkin recruitment and colocalization of mitochondria with autophagosome protein markers. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of autophagy exacerbated the deleterious effects of Amitriptyline on hepatoma cells and led to increased apoptosis. These results suggest that mitophagy acts as an initial adaptive mechanism of cell survival. However persistent mitochondrial damage induced extensive and lethal mitophagy, autophagy stress and autophagolysome permeabilization leading eventually to cell death by apoptosis. Amitriptyline also induced cell death in hepatoma cells lines with mutated p53 and non-sense p53 mutation. Our results support the hypothesis that Amitriptyline-induced mitochondrial dysfunction can be a useful therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment, especially in tumors showing p53 mutations and/or resistant to genotoxic treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Villanueva-Paz
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mario D Cordero
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Delgado Pavón
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Beatriz Castejón Vega
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - David Cotán
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mario De la Mata
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Oropesa-Ávila
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Elizabet Alcocer-Gomez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Isabel de Lavera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Garrido-Maraver
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Carrascosa
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Paula Zaderenko
- Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- Departmento de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel de Miguel
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Antonio Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología de Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/, Sevilla, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu F, Du J, Song D, Xu M, Sun G. A sensitive fluorescent sensor for the detection of endogenous hydroxyl radicals in living cells and bacteria and direct imaging with respect to its ecotoxicity in living zebra fish. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4636-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc10658c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
MPT-Cy2exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity toward ˙OH over other ROS and showed a high potential for the imaging of endogenous ˙OH in living cells and various types of bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology
- Guangzhou 510070
- P. R. China
| | - Juan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology
- Guangzhou 510070
- P. R. China
| | - Da Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology
- Guangzhou 510070
- P. R. China
| | - Meiying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology
- Guangzhou 510070
- P. R. China
| | - Guoping Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology
- Guangzhou 510070
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dutta A, Gautam R, Chatterjee S, Ariese F, Sikdar SK, Umapathy S. Ascorbate protects neurons against oxidative stress: a Raman microspectroscopic study. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:1794-801. [PMID: 26237409 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress due to excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species in the brain as seen in certain neurodegenerative diseases can have deleterious effects on neurons. Hydrogen peroxide, endogenously generated in neurons under normal physiological conditions, can produce an excess of hydroxyl radical via a Fenton mediated mechanism. This may induce acute oxidative injury if not scavenged or removed effectively by antioxidants. There are several biochemical assay methods to estimate oxidative injury in cells; however, they do not provide information on the biochemical changes as the cells get damaged progressively under oxidative stress. Raman microspectroscopy offers the possibility of real time monitoring of the chemical composition of live cells undergoing oxidative stress under physiological conditions. In the present study, a hippocampal neuron coculture was used to observe the acute impact of hydroxyl radicals generated by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of Fe(2+) (Fenton reaction). Raman peaks related to nucleic acids (725, 782, 1092, 1320, 1340, 1420, and 1576 cm(-1)) showed time-dependent changes over the experimental period (60 min), indicating the breakdown of the phosphodiester backbone as well as nuclear bases. Interestingly, ascorbic acid (a potent antioxidant) when cotreated with Fenton reactants showed protection of cells as inferred from the Raman spectra, presumably by scavenging hydroxyl radicals. Little or no change in the Raman spectra was observed for untreated control cells and for cells exposed to Fe(2+) only, H2O2 only, and ascorbate only. A live-dead assay study also supported the current observations. Hence, Raman microspectroscopy has the potential to be an excellent noninvasive tool for early detection of oxidative stress that is seen in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Freek Ariese
- LaserLaB,
Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lycopene induces apoptosis in Candida albicans through reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Biochimie 2015; 115:108-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
23
|
Żamojć K, Zdrowowicz M, Jacewicz D, Wyrzykowski D, Chmurzyński L. Fluorescent and Luminescent Probes for Monitoring Hydroxyl Radical under Biological Conditions. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 46:160-9. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2015.1045118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
24
|
You Y, Nam W. Designing photoluminescent molecular probes for singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, and iron–oxygen species. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01637h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
|
25
|
Zhuang M, Ding C, Zhu A, Tian Y. Ratiometric fluorescence probe for monitoring hydroxyl radical in live cells based on gold nanoclusters. Anal Chem 2014; 86:1829-36. [PMID: 24383624 DOI: 10.1021/ac403810g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Determination of hydroxyl radical ((•)OH) with high sensitivity and accuracy in live cells is a challenge for evaluating the role that (•)OH plays in the physiological and pathological processes. In this work, a ratiometric fluorescence biosensor for (•)OH was developed, in which gold nanocluster (AuNC) protected by bovine serum albumin was employed as a reference fluorophore and the organic molecule 2-[6-(4'-hydroxy)phenoxy-3H-xanthen-3-on-9-yl]benzoic acid (HPF) acted as both the response signal and specific recognition element for (•)OH. In the absence of (•)OH, only one emission peak at 637 nm ascribed to AuNCs was observed, because HPF was almost nonfluorescent. However, fluorescence emission at 515 nm attributed to the HPF product after reaction with (•)OH--dianionic fluorescein--gradually increased with the continuous addition of (•)OH, while the emission at 637 nm stays constant, resulting in a ratiometric determination of (•)OH. The developed fluorescent sensor exhibited high selectivity for (•)OH over other reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), metal ions, and other biological species, as well as high accuracy and sensitivity with low detection limit to ∼0.68 μM, which fulfills the requirements for detection of (•)OH in a biological system. In addition, the AuNC-based inorganic-organic probe showed long-term stability against light illumination and pH, good cell permeability, and low cytotoxicity. As a result, the present ratiometric sensor was successfully used for bioimaging and monitoring of (•)OH changes in live cells upon oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University , Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Solovyeva ME, Faskhutdinova AA, Solovyev VV, Akatov VS. Thiol antioxidants in combination with vitamin B12 induce apoptotic death of human lymphocytic leukemia cells by destabilization of lysosomes with the involvement of iron ions. Bull Exp Biol Med 2013; 154:449-52. [PMID: 23486578 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-013-1974-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The extensively used thiol antioxidants (dithiothreitol, glutathione, and N-acetylcysteine) in combination with hydroxycobalamine (vitamin B12) gain toxic activity in relation to human lymphocytic leukemia cell line HL60. Combined treatment with thiol and vitamin B12 was followed by early destabilization of lysosomes and apoptotic death of cells. The cytotoxic effect was abolished by caspase inhibitors. An iron-chelating agent deferoxamine partly prevented cell death, while lysosomal protease inhibitor pepstatin produced no protective effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Solovyeva
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Deeb D, Gao X, Liu Y, Varma NRS, Arbab AS, Gautam SC. Inhibition of telomerase activity by oleanane triterpenoid CDDO-Me in pancreatic cancer cells is ROS-dependent. Molecules 2013; 18:3250-65. [PMID: 23486104 PMCID: PMC3632053 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18033250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl-2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oate (CDDO-Me) is a synthetic derivative of oleanolic acid, a triterpene, with apoptosis-inducing activity in a wide range of cancer cells. Induction of apoptosis by CDDO-Me is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of telomerase activity. In the present study, we investigated the role of ROS in inhibition of telomerase by CDDO-me. Treatment of MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cell lines with CDDO-Me induced the production of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions and inhibited the telomerase activity. Pretreatment of cells with N-acetylcycsteine, a general purpose antioxidant or overexpression of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) or superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) blocked the telomerase inhibitory activity of CDDO-Me. Furthermore, blocking ROS generation also prevented the inhibition of hTERT gene expression, hTERT protein production and expression of a number of hTERT-regulatory proteins by CDDO-Me (e.g., c-Myc, Sp1, NF-κB and p-Akt). Data also showed that Akt plays an important role in the activation of telomerase activity. Together, these data suggest that inhibition of telomerase activity by CDDO-Me is mediated through a ROS-dependent mechanism; however, more work is needed to fully understand the role of ROS in down-regulation of hTERT gene and hTERT-regulatory proteins by CDDO-Me.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorrah Deeb
- Department of General Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; E-Mails: (D.D.); (X.G.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaohua Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; E-Mails: (D.D.); (X.G.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongbo Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; E-Mails: (D.D.); (X.G.); (Y.L.)
| | - Nadimpalli R. S. Varma
- Department of Radiology Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; E-Mails: (N.R.S.V.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Ali S. Arbab
- Department of Radiology Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; E-Mails: (N.R.S.V.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Subhash C. Gautam
- Department of General Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; E-Mails: (D.D.); (X.G.); (Y.L.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-313-874-6998
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sheng R, Gu ZL, Xie ML. Epigallocatechin gallate, the major component of polyphenols in green tea, inhibits telomere attrition mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis in cardiac hypertrophy. Int J Cardiol 2013; 162:199-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
29
|
Sperandio FF, Sharma SK, Wang M, Jeon S, Huang YY, Dai T, Nayka S, de Sousa SCOM, Chiang LY, Hamblin MR. Photoinduced electron-transfer mechanisms for radical-enhanced photodynamic therapy mediated by water-soluble decacationic C₇₀ and C₈₄O₂ Fullerene Derivatives. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2012; 9:570-9. [PMID: 23117043 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Fullerenes are promising candidates for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Thus, C₇₀ and novel C₈₄O₂ fullerenes were functionalized with and without an additional deca-tertiary ethyleneamino-chain as an electron source, giving rise to two distinct pairs of photosensitizers, the monoadducts LC-17, LC-19 and the bisadducts LC18 and LC-20 to perform PDT in HeLa cells with UVA, blue, green, white and red light. Shorter wavelengths gave more phototoxicity with LC-20 while LC-19 was better at longer wavelengths; the ratio between killing obtained with LC-19 and LC-20 showed an almost perfect linear correlation (R = 0.975) with wavelength. The incorporation of a deca-tertiary amine chain in the C₈₄O₂ fullerene gave more PDT killing when excited with shorter wavelengths or in the presence of low ascorbate concentration through higher generation of hydroxyl radicals. Photoactivated C₈₄O₂ fullerenes induced apoptosis of HeLa cancer cells, together with mitochondrial and lysosomal damage demonstrated by acridine orange and rhodamine 123 fluorescent probes. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Photoactivated C₇₀ and C₈₄O₂ fullerenes were demonstrated to induce apoptosis of HeLa cancer cells, together with mitochondrial and lysosomal damage, as a function of wavelength. The study is paving the way to future clinical uses of these agents in photodynamic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe F Sperandio
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Acute oxidant damage promoted on cancer cells by amitriptyline in comparison with some common chemotherapeutic drugs. Anticancer Drugs 2011; 21:932-44. [PMID: 20847644 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32833ed5f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative therapy is a relatively new anticancer strategy based on the induction of high levels of oxidative stress, achieved by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or by depleting the protective antioxidant machinery of tumor cells. We focused our investigations on the antitumoral potential of amitriptyline in three human tumor cell lines: H460 (lung cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), and HepG2 (hepatoma); comparing the cytotoxic effect of amitriptyline with three commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs: camptothecin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate. We evaluated apoptosis, ROS production, mitochondrial mass and activity, and antioxidant defenses of tumor cells. Our results show that amitriptyline produces the highest cellular damage, inducing high levels of ROS followed by irreversible serious mitochondrial damage. Interestingly, an unexpected decrease in antioxidant machinery was observed only for amitriptyline. In conclusion, based on the capacity of generating ROS and inhibiting antioxidants in tumor cells, amitriptyline emerges as a promising new drug to be tested for anticancer therapy.
Collapse
|
31
|
Epigallocatechin gallate protects H9c2 cardiomyoblasts against hydrogen dioxides- induced apoptosis and telomere attrition. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 641:199-206. [PMID: 20553906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2009] [Revised: 05/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major component of polyphenols in green tea, has recently attracted considerable attention for its cardioprotective effects. Telomere signalling plays a role in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis during cardiac dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of EGCG on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and telomere attrition in cardiomyocytes. H9c2 cells were incubated with EGCG, 50 and 100 mg/l, for 24 h. Apoptosis induced by 200 micromol/l hydrogen dioxide (H(2)O(2)) was analyzed by DAPI nuclear staining, electron microscopy, electrophoresis of DNA fragments and flow cytometry. When H9c2 cells were incubated with H(2)O(2) for 12-24 h, the intracellular and extracellular H(2)O(2) concentrations were not affected by the presence of EGCG. Chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation and apoptotic body formation were observed in H(2)O(2)-induced injury. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the apoptotic rate increased remarkably. EGCG significantly inhibited H(2)O(2)-induced apoptotic morphological changes and apoptotic rate. When H9c2 cells were incubated with H(2)O(2), the telomere length shortened and the protein expression of telomere repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF(2)) decreased gradually, while the protein levels of p53 and p21 increased. EGCG significantly inhibited telomere attrition, TRF(2) loss and p53, p21 upregulation induced by H(2)O(2). These results suggested that EGCG might suppress oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through inhibiting telomere dependent apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang Z. MicroRNA: A matter of life or death. World J Biol Chem 2010; 1:41-54. [PMID: 21537368 PMCID: PMC3083949 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v1.i4.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive cell loss due to apoptosis is a pathological hallmark implicated in a wide spectrum of degenerative diseases such as heart disease, atherosclerotic arteries and hypertensive vessels, Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Tremendous efforts have been made to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in apoptosistic cell death. Once ignored completely or overlooked as cellular detritus, microRNAs (miRNAs) that were discovered only a decade ago, have recently taken many by surprise. The importance of miRNAs has steadily gained appreciation and miRNA biology has exploded into a massive swell of interest with enormous range and potential in almost every biological discipline because of their widespread expression and diverse functions in both animals and humans. It has been established that miRNAs are critical regulators of apoptosis of various cell types. These small molecules act by repressing the expression of either the proapoptotic or antiapoptotic genes to produce antiapoptotic or proapoptotic effects. Appealing evidence has been accumulating for the involvement of miRNAs in human diseases associated with apoptotic cell death and the potential of miRNAs as novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of the diseases. This editorial aims to convey this message and to boost up the research interest by providing a timely, comprehensive overview on regulation of apoptosis by miRNAs and a synopsis on the pathophysiologic implications of this novel regulatory network based on the currently available data in the literature. It begins with a brief introduction to apoptosis and miRNAs, followed by the description of the fundamental aspects of miRNA biogenesis and action, and the role of miRNAs in regulating apoptosis of cancer cells and cardiovascular cells. Speculations on the development of miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets are also presented. Remarks are also provided to point out the unanswered questions and to outline the new directions for the future research of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Wang
- Zhiguo Wang, Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zielke S, Bodnar A. Telomeres and telomerase activity in scleractinian corals and Symbiodinium spp. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2010; 218:113-121. [PMID: 20413788 DOI: 10.1086/bblv218n2p113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are the repetitive sequences of DNA and associated proteins that cap the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and play an essential role in maintaining chromosome stability. Compromised telomeres can lead to cell cycle arrest, senescence, apoptosis, or genetic instability, whereas maintenance of telomeres can endow cells with the capacity for indefinite self-renewal. Telomere integrity is maintained in most cells by the activity of telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein that can catalyze the addition of repeat sequences onto chromosome ends. Using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay, we detected telomerase activity in host nuclear extracts prepared from two scleractinian corals, Madracis auretenra and Madracis decactis, and also in cultured Symbiodinium, the symbiotic algae that live within corals. Sequencing the TRAP reaction products indicated that the telomeric DNA repeat sequence was TTAGGG for coral and TTTAGGG for Symbiodinium. Using this sequence information, we estimated telomere lengths by terminal restriction fragment (TRF) analysis to be greater than 19 kb for several species of coral and their associated Symbiodinium. Maintenance of coral telomeres by telomerase activity may be a mechanism that confers continuous growth and reproductive plasticity to these long-lived organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Zielke
- Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, Ferry Reach, St. George's, Bermuda
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cytotoxicity and mechanism of action of a new ROS-generating microsphere formulation for circumventing multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009; 121:323-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-009-0473-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
35
|
Choung YH, Taura A, Pak K, Choi SJ, Masuda M, Ryan AF. Generation of highly-reactive oxygen species is closely related to hair cell damage in rat organ of Corti treated with gentamicin. Neuroscience 2009; 161:214-26. [PMID: 19318119 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.02.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been suggested to play a major role in aminoglycoside-induced hair cell (HC) loss, but are difficult to detect. Moreover, ROS can occur normally in cells where they have roles in metabolism, cell signaling and other processes. Two new probes, aminophenyl fluorescein (APF) and hydroxyphenyl fluorescein (HPF) are dyes which selectively detect highly-reactive oxygen species (hROS), those most associated with cellular damage. We assessed the presence of hROS in the neonatal rat organ of Corti during chronic exposure to 50 microM gentamicin in vitro, to examine the relationship between cell damage and hROS across HC type and across the three cochlear turns. hROS were initially detected at 48 hours (h), with an increase at 72 h and persistence until at least 96 h. At 48 h, hROS were restricted to outer HCs and occurred prior to loss of stereocilia. At 72 h, outer HCs showed both hROS and stereocilia loss, and hROS were noted in a few inner HCs. Basal turn HCs showed more hROS than middle turn HCs. Very little hROS accumulation or stereocilia loss was observed in the apical turn, even at 72 h. First row outer HCs were most vulnerable to gentamicin-induced hROS, followed by second and then third row outer HCs. Inner HCs behaved similarly to third row outer HCs. By 96 h stereocilia damage was extensive, but surviving HCs showed persisting fluorescence. APF consistently showed more fluorescence than HPF. The results suggest that hROS accumulation is an important initial step in gentamicin-induced HC damage, and that the differential sensitivity of HCs in the organ of Corti is closely related to differences in hROS accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y H Choung
- Department of Surgery Otolaryngology, UCSD School of Medicine and VA Medical Center, 9500 Gilman Drive 0666, La Jolla, CA 92093-0666, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Solovieva ME, Solovyev VV, Kudryavtsev AA, Trizna YA, Akatov VS. Vitamin B12b enhances the cytotoxicity of dithiothreitol. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 44:1846-56. [PMID: 18342018 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Revised: 02/02/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been found previously that vitamin B12b amplifies significantly the cytotoxic effects of ascorbic acid by catalyzing the formation of reactive oxygen species, and the antioxidant dithiothreitol (DTT), in contrast to catalase, does not prevent the cytotoxicity. Therefore, in this study we examined whether B12b is able to enhance the cytotoxicity of DTT. It was revealed that B12b strongly increases the cytotoxic effect of DTT. Vitamin B12b added to DTT catalyzed the generation and drastic accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in culture medium to a concentration of 260 microM within 7 min. The extracellular oxidative burst induced by the combination of B12b and DTT (DTT + B12b) was accompanied by intracellular oxidative stress, the destabilization of lysosomes, and damage to DNA. The accumulation of DNA lesions led to the initiation of apoptotic cell death, including the activation of caspase-3 and the release of cytochrome c. The antioxidants pyruvate and catalase completely prevented the DTT + B12b-induced oxidative stress and cell death. The iron chelators desferrioxamine and phenanthroline prevented the geno- and cytotoxic action of the combination although they did not reduce the exogenous oxidative burst, indicating a key role for intracellular iron in the cytotoxicity of the combination. Thus, vitamin B12b dramatically enhances the cytotoxicity of DTT, catalyzing the generation of hydrogen peroxide and inducing extra- and intracellular oxidative stress, early destabilization of lysosomes, and iron-dependent DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina E Solovieva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pornthanakasem W, Kongruttanachok N, Phuangphairoj C, Suyarnsestakorn C, Sanghangthum T, Oonsiri S, Ponyeam W, Thanasupawat T, Matangkasombut O, Mutirangura A. LINE-1 methylation status of endogenous DNA double-strand breaks. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 36:3667-75. [PMID: 18474527 PMCID: PMC2441779 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation and the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are important processes for maintaining genomic integrity. Although DSBs can be produced by numerous agents, they also occur spontaneously as endogenous DSBs (EDSBs). In this study, we evaluated the methylation status of EDSBs to determine if there is a connection between DNA methylation and EDSBs. We utilized interspersed repetitive sequence polymerase chain reaction (PCR), ligation-mediated PCR and combined bisulfite restriction analysis to examine the extent of EDSBs and methylation at long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) sequences nearby EDSBs. We tested normal white blood cells and several cell lines derived from epithelial cancers and leukemias. Significant levels of EDSBs were detectable in all cell types. EDSBs were also found in both replicating and non-replicating cells. We found that EDSBs contain higher levels of methylation than the cellular genome. This hypermethylation is replication independent and the methylation was present in the genome at the location prior to the DNA DSB. The differences in methylation levels between EDSBs and the rest of the genome suggests that EDSBs are differentially processed, by production, end-modification, or repair, depending on the DNA methylation status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wichai Pornthanakasem
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fang J, Deng D, Nakamura H, Akuta T, Qin H, Iyer AK, Greish K, Maeda H. Oxystress inducing antitumor therapeutics via tumor-targeted delivery of PEG-conjugated D-amino acid oxidase. Int J Cancer 2008; 122:1135-44. [PMID: 17990314 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.22982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We had developed a H(2)O(2) generating enzyme, polyethylene glycol conjugated D-amino acid oxidase (PEG-DAO), which exhibited potent antitumor activity by generating toxic reactive oxygen species, namely oxidation therapy, subsequently showed remarkable antitumor effect on murine Sarcoma 180 solid tumor, by taking advantage of the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Along this line, we report here the preparation of PEG-DAO by use of recombinant DAO and its antitumor activity by using various tumor cell lines and tumor models. Recombinant DAO (rDAO) was obtained from E. coli BL21 (DE3) carrying the porcine DAO expression vector with high yield (20 mg/l) and high enzyme activity (5.3 U/mg). Pegylated rDAO (PEG-rDAO) showed high stability against sonication, repeated freezing/thawing, lyophilization and exhibited superior in vivo pharmacokinetics. PEG-rDAO had a molecular size of 65 kDa and existed as nanoparticles in aqueous solution with mean particle diameter of 119 nm. In vitro experiments showed strong cytotoxicity of PEG-rDAO against various tumor cells, whereas less cytotoxicity was found against various normal cells. In vivo antitumor treatment was carried out using 2 mice tumor models, namely colon 38 tumor and Meth A tumor model. PEG-rDAO was administered i.v. and after an adequate lag time, D-proline (the substrate of DAO) was injected i.p. to the tumor-bearing mice. Consequently, preferential generation of H(2)O(2) in the tumor was successfully achieved, which resulted in remarkable suppression of tumor growth without any visible side effects. These findings suggest a potential of PEG-rDAO as a novel anticancer strategy toward clinical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Oncology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
SOH N, MAKIHARA K, ARIYOSHI T, SETO D, MAKI T, NAKAJIMA H, NAKANO K, IMATO T. Phospholipid-linked Coumarin: A Fluorescent Probe for Sensing Hydroxyl Radicals in Lipid Membranes. ANAL SCI 2008; 24:293-6. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.24.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki SOH
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Koji MAKIHARA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Tomoyuki ARIYOSHI
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Daisuke SETO
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Tomoharu MAKI
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Hizuru NAKAJIMA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Koji NAKANO
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Toshihiko IMATO
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Biological significance of myeloperoxidase (MPO) on green tea component, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-induced apoptosis: its therapeutic potential for myeloid leukemia. Target Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-007-0065-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
41
|
Fang J, Nakamura H, Iyer AK. Tumor-targeted induction of oxystress for cancer therapy. J Drug Target 2007; 15:475-86. [PMID: 17671894 DOI: 10.1080/10611860701498286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion radicals (O.-2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are potentially harmful by-products of normal cellular metabolism that directly affect cellular functions. ROS is generated by all aerobic organisms and it seems to be indispensable for signal transduction pathways that regulate cell growth and reduction-oxidation (redox) status. However, overproduction of these highly reactive oxygen metabolites can initiate lethal chain reactions, which involve oxidation and damage to structures that are crucial for cellular integrity and survival. In fact, many antitumor agents, such as vinblastine, cisplatin, mitomycin C, doxorubicin, camptothecin, inostamycin, neocarzinostatin and many others exhibit antitumor activity via ROS-dependent activation of apoptotic cell death, suggesting potential use of ROS as an antitumor principle. Thus, a unique anticancer strategy named "oxidation therapy" has been developed by inducing cytotoxic oxystress for cancer treatment. This goal could be achieved mainly by two methods, namely, (i) inducing the generation of ROS directly to solid tumors and (ii) inhibiting the antioxidative enzyme (defense) system of tumor cells. Since 1950s, many strategies have been employed based on the first method, namely, administration of ROS per se (e.g. H2O2) or ROS generating enzyme to tumor bearing animals. However no successful and practical results were obtained probably because of the lack of tumor selective ROS delivery and hence resulting in subsequent induction of severe side effects. To overcome these obstacles, we developed polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugated O.-2 or H2O2-generating enzymes, xanthine oxidase (XO) and D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) (PEG-DAO) respectively. More recently, a pegylated (PEG) zinc protoporphyrin (PEG-ZnPP) and a highly water soluble micellar formulation of ZnPP based on amphiphilic styrene maleic acid (SMA) copolymer, SMA-ZnPP, are prepared, which are potent inhibitors of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). HO-1 is a major antioxidative enzyme of tumors, that is different in mechanism of catalase or superoxide dismutase (SOD). Consequently, both PEG-enzymes and PEG-ZnPP exhibited superior in vivo pharmacokinetics than their parental molecules, particularly in tumor delivery by taking advantage of the EPR effect of macromolecular nature, and thus showed remarkable antitumor effects suggesting the potentials of this anticancer therapeutic for clinical application. Furthermore, it has been well known that many antioxidative enzymes such as catalase, SOD are down-regulated in most solid tumors in vivo. On the contrary, HO-1 is highly upregulated and it plays a very important role of antioxidation, because HO-1 generates biliverdin, which being converted to bilirubin exhibits a very potent antioxidative effect, and hence antiapoptosis in tumors. Thus this oxidation therapy, by inhibiting this HO-1 dependent antioxidant (bilirubin) formation by ZnPP, and by enhancing ROS generation, is expected to offer a powerful therapeutic modality for future anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Fang
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Oncology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fontana A, d'Ippolito G, Cutignano A, Romano G, Lamari N, Massa Gallucci A, Cimino G, Miralto A, Ianora A. LOX-Induced Lipid Peroxidation Mechanism Responsible for the Detrimental Effect of Marine Diatoms on Zooplankton Grazers. Chembiochem 2007; 8:1810-8. [PMID: 17886321 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200700269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Some marine diatoms negatively affect the reproduction of dominant zooplankton grazers such as copepods, thus compromising the transfer of energy through the marine food chains. In this paper, the metabolic mechanism that leads to diatom-induced toxicity is investigated in three bloom-forming microalgae. We show that copepod dysfunctions can be induced by highly reactive oxygen species (hROS) and a blended mixture of diatom products, including fatty acid hydroperoxides (FAHs); these compounds display teratogenic and proapoptotic properties. The process is triggered by the early onset of lipoxygenase activities that elicit the synthesis of species-specific products, the basic structures of which were established (1-20); these compounds boost oxidative stress by massive lipid peroxidation. Our study might explain past laboratory and field results showing how diatoms damage zooplankton grazers even in the absence of polyunsaturated aldehydes, a class of molecules that has been formerly implicated in mediating the toxic activity of diatoms on copepods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Fontana
- CNR, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nakazato T, Sagawa M, Yamato K, Xian M, Yamamoto T, Suematsu M, Ikeda Y, Kizaki M. Myeloperoxidase Is a Key Regulator of Oxidative Stress–Mediated Apoptosis in Myeloid Leukemic Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:5436-45. [PMID: 17875773 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We reported previously that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key mediators of apoptosis induced by a polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), in myeloid leukemic cells. This study aimed to further examine the mechanism of ROS-mediated apoptosis induced by EGCG and its relationship to the heme enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We established stably transfected K562 cells expressing wild-type and mutant MPO. Then, sensitivity against EGCG and other ROS-inducing agent was examined and further investigated the detailed molecular mechanism of ROS-inducing apoptosis in MPO-positive leukemic cells. RESULTS EGCG rapidly induced apoptosis in MPO-positive leukemia cells. Preincubation of myeloid leukemic cells with the MPO-specific inhibitor, 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide, and the heme biosynthesis inhibitor, succinylacetone, resulted in inhibition of the intracellular MPO activity, ROS production, and induction of apoptosis following addition of EGCG. Overexpression of MPO sensitized EGCG-resistant K562 cells to apoptosis induced by EGCG. In contrast, an enzymatically inactive MPO mutant-expressing K562 cell could not respond to EGCG, suggesting that MPO is important for determining the sensitivity to EGCG-induced oxidative stress. Hypochlorous acid scavengers and the hydroxyl radical (.OH) scavenger inhibited EGCG-induced apoptosis in myeloid leukemic cells. The fluorescence intensity of both aminophenyl fluorescein- and hydroxyphenyl fluorescein-loaded myeloid leukemic cells significantly increased on stimulation with EGCG, indicating that EGCG generated highly toxic ROS in myeloid leukemic cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that highly toxic ROS such as .OH generated via the hydrogen peroxide/MPO/halide system induce apoptosis and that ROS may be the direct mediators of EGCG-induced apoptosis in MPO-positive leukemic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Nakazato
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cheng A, Shin-ya K, Wan R, Tang SC, Miura T, Tang H, Khatri R, Gleichman M, Ouyang X, Liu D, Park HR, Chiang JY, Mattson MP. Telomere protection mechanisms change during neurogenesis and neuronal maturation: newly generated neurons are hypersensitive to telomere and DNA damage. J Neurosci 2007; 27:3722-33. [PMID: 17409236 PMCID: PMC6672411 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0590-07.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are DNA-protein complexes at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that play an important role in maintaining the integrity of the genome. In proliferative stem cells and cancer cells, telomere length is maintained by telomerase, and telomere structure and functions are regulated by telomere-associated proteins. We find that telomerase levels are high in embryonic cortical neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and low in newly generated neurons (NGNs) and mature neurons (MNs). In contrast, telomere repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2) expression is undetectable in early brain development in vivo and in cultured NPCs and is expressed at progressively higher levels as NPCs cease proliferation and differentiate into postmitotic neurons. The telomere-disrupting agent telomestatin induces a DNA damage response and apoptosis in NGNs (which have low levels of TRF2 and telomerase), whereas NPCs (which have high levels of telomerase) and MNs (which have high levels of TRF2) are resistant to telomere damage. Overexpression of TRF2 in NGNs protects them against death induced by telomestatin and other DNA-damaging agents. Knockdown of TRF2 expression in MNs and knock-out of telomerase reverse transcriptase in NPCs increased their sensitivity to telomere- and DNA-damaging agents but did not affect the vulnerability of NGNs. These findings suggest that TRF2 and telomerase function as distinct telomere protection mechanisms during the processes of neurogenesis and neuronal maturation and that hypersensitivity of NGNs to telomere damage results from relative deficiencies of both telomerase and TRF2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiwu Cheng
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Kazuo Shin-ya
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ruiqian Wan
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Sung-chun Tang
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
- Stroke Center, Neurology Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 100
| | - Takumi Miura
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Hongyang Tang
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Rina Khatri
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Marc Gleichman
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Xin Ouyang
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Dong Liu
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Hae-Rong Park
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Jeffrey Y. Chiang
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
| | - Mark P. Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Solovieva ME, Soloviev VV, Akatov VS. Vitamin B12b increases the cytotoxicity of short-time exposure to ascorbic acid, inducing oxidative burst and iron-dependent DNA damage. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 566:206-14. [PMID: 17475236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It has been found previously that hydroxycobalamine (vitamin B12b) amplifies significantly the cytotoxic effect of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) added to cells for small a, Cyrillic long period of time (48 h). However, according to pharmacokinetics, the concentration of vitamin C in vivo decreases to a physiological value within a short period of time (2-3 h) after the injection. Therefore, in this study we examined the cytotoxic effect of a short-time (up to 2 h) exposure of human larynx carcinoma HEp-2 cells to a combination of vitamins B12b and C (B12b+C). The kinetics of the B12b+C-caused extracellular oxidative burst in this time interval was also explored. Vitamin B12b combined with ascorbic acid provoked a rapid accumulation of extracellular hydrogen peroxide followed by intracellular oxidative stress, DNA single-strand breaks, and the initiation of apoptosis. The chelators of iron phenanthroline and desferrioxamine prevented B12b+C-induced DNA single-strand breaks and cell death but not the accumulation of H2O2 in culture medium. The nonthiol antioxidants pyruvate and catalase were effective in preventing the prooxidant and cytotoxic effects of B12b+C. Thiols, when added simultaneously with the combined vitamins, inhibited these effects only partially (N-acetylcysteine, GSH) or even amplified them (dithiothreitol). The results obtained point to the determining role of oxidative burst and iron-dependent DNA damage in the cytotoxic effect of short-time exposure to B12b+C combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina E Solovieva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Solov’eva ME, Solov’ev VV, Faskhutdinova AA, Kudryavtsev AA, Akatov VS. Prooxidant and cytotoxic action of N-acetylcysteine and glutathione in combinations with vitamin B12b. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x07010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
47
|
Franco S, Blasco MA, Siedlak SL, Harris PL, Moreira PI, Perry G, Smith MA. Telomeres and telomerase in Alzheimer's disease: Epiphenomena or a new focus for therapeutic strategy? Alzheimers Dement 2006; 2:164-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2006.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2005] [Revised: 02/21/2006] [Accepted: 03/02/2006] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Franco
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group; Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO); Madrid Spain
| | - Maria A. Blasco
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group; Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO); Madrid Spain
| | - Sandra L. Siedlak
- Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH USA
| | - Peggy L.R. Harris
- Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH USA
| | - Paula I. Moreira
- Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
| | - George Perry
- Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH USA
- College of Sciences; University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio TX USA
| | - Mark A. Smith
- Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Schaetzlein S, Rudolph KL. Telomere length regulation during cloning, embryogenesis and ageing. Reprod Fertil Dev 2006; 17:85-96. [PMID: 15745634 DOI: 10.1071/rd04112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2004] [Accepted: 10/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes at the end of eukaryotic chromosomes with an essential role in chromosome capping. Owing to the end-replication problem of DNA polymerase, telomeres shorten during each cell division. When telomeres become critically short, they loose their capping function, which in turn induces a DNA damage-like response. This mechanism inhibits cell proliferation at the senescence stage and there is evidence that it limits the regenerative capacity of tissues and organs during chronic diseases and ageing. The holoenzyme telomerase synthesises telomeric DNA de novo, but, in humans, it is active only during embryogenesis, in immature germ cells and in a subset of stem/progenitor cells during postnatal life. Telomere length can be maintained or increased by telomerase, a process that appears to be regulated by a variety of telomere-binding proteins that control telomerase recruitment and activity at the telomeres. During embryogenesis, telomerase is strongly activated at the morula/blastocyst transition. At this transition, telomeres are significantly elongated in murine and bovine embryos. Early embryonic telomere elongation is telomerase dependent and leads to a rejuvenation of telomeres in cloned bovine embryos. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this early embryonic telomere elongation programme is of great interest for medical research in the fields of regeneration, cell therapies and therapeutic cloning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Schaetzlein
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Compton SA, Elmore LW, Haydu K, Jackson-Cook CK, Holt SE. Induction of nitric oxide synthase-dependent telomere shortening after functional inhibition of Hsp90 in human tumor cells. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 26:1452-62. [PMID: 16449656 PMCID: PMC1367181 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.26.4.1452-1462.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In most cancer cells, the lengths of telomeres, the functional DNA-protein complexes located at chromosome ends, are maintained by the ribonucleoprotein telomerase. Hsp90 facilitates the assembly of telomerase and remains associated with the functional complex, implying a direct involvement of Hsp90 in telomere length regulation. In an effort to elucidate the effects of Hsp90 inhibition on function and viability of human prostate cancer cells, both pharmacological (radicicol) and genetic (small interfering RNA) approaches were utilized to target Hsp90. Depletion of functional Hsp90 caused dramatic telomere shortening followed by apoptosis. Of particular significance, these cells exhibit a high level of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent free radical production, and simultaneous treatment of cells with the NOS inhibitor L-NAME resulted in telomere elongation and prevention of apoptosis. In addition, we observe significant DNA damage assessed by telomere dysfunction, although in the absence of a classical DNA damage response. Overall, our data suggest a novel mechanism whereby inhibition of Hsp90 disrupts free radical homeostasis and contributes directly to telomere erosion, further implicating Hsp90 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Compton
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, 1101 E. Marchall St., Richmond, VA 23298-0662, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li WG, Li QH, Tan Z. Epigallocatechin gallate induces telomere fragmentation in HeLa and 293 but not in MRC-5 cells. Life Sci 2005; 76:1735-46. [PMID: 15698852 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2004] [Accepted: 09/13/2004] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are the tandem repetitive sequence at the end of chromosomes and its integrity is crucial for cell vitality. We studied the effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), one of the major tea polyphenols, on telomeres in HeLa, 293 cells and MRC-5 fibroblasts. At concentrations of above 50 microM, EGCG was found to causes telomere fragmentation in HeLa cells as a result of single-strand breaks in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of EGCG also caused telomere fragmentation in 293 cells but had little or only marginal effect on MRC-5 fibroblasts. The telomere fragments detected by electrophoresis showed a unique size distribution that seems to suggest that the strand breaks were not produced randomly, but with preference at some specific sites. We speculate that the differential effect of EGCG in inducing telomere fragmentation in HeLa and 293 verse MRC-5 cells might be relevant to the apoptosis-inducing effect of EGCG on cancerous cells but not on normal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-guo Li
- The State Key Lab of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P. R. China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|