1
|
Takheaw N, Kotemul K, Chaiwut R, Pata S, Laopajon W, Rangnoi K, Yamabhai M, Kasinrerk W. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Induction of Apoptosis-Related Genes by a Monoclonal Antibody against a New Epitope of CD99 on T-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:42. [PMID: 38804310 PMCID: PMC11130895 DOI: 10.3390/antib13020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
CD99 was demonstrated to be a potential target for antibody therapy on T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). The ligation of CD99 by certain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) induced T-ALL apoptosis. However, the molecular basis contributing to the apoptosis of T-ALL upon anti-CD99 mAb engagement remains elusive. In this study, using our generated anti-CD99 mAb clone MT99/3 (mAb MT99/3), mAb MT99/3 engagement strongly induced apoptosis of T-ALL cell lines, but not in non-malignant peripheral blood cells. By transcriptome analysis, upon mAb MT99/3 ligation, 13 apoptosis-related genes, including FOS, TNF, FASLG, BCL2A1, JUNB, SOCS1, IL27RA, PTPN6, PDGFA, NR4A1, SGK1, LPAR5 and LTB, were significantly upregulated. The epitope of CD99 recognized by mAb MT99/3 was then identified as the VDGENDDPRPP at residues 60-70 of CD99, which has never been reported. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first transcriptome data conducted in T-ALL with anti-CD99 mAb engagement. These findings provide new insights into CD99 implicated in the apoptosis of T-ALL. The identification of a new epitope and apoptosis-related genes that relate to the induction of apoptosis by mAb MT99/3 may serve as a new therapeutic target for T-ALL. The anti-CD99 mAb clone MT99/3 might be a candidate for further development of a therapeutic antibody for T-ALL therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuchjira Takheaw
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.T.); (K.K.); (W.L.)
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kamonporn Kotemul
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.T.); (K.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Ratthakorn Chaiwut
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Supansa Pata
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.T.); (K.K.); (W.L.)
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Witida Laopajon
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.T.); (K.K.); (W.L.)
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kuntalee Rangnoi
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand (M.Y.)
| | - Montarop Yamabhai
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand (M.Y.)
| | - Watchara Kasinrerk
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.T.); (K.K.); (W.L.)
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kotemul K, Kasinrerk W, Takheaw N. CD99 tumor associated antigen is a potential target for antibody therapy of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:96-107. [PMID: 38468825 PMCID: PMC10925484 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are an effective drug for targeted immunotherapy in several cancer types. However, so far, no antibody has been successfully developed for certain types of cancer, including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). T-ALL is an aggressive hematologic malignancy. T-ALL patients who are treated with chemotherapeutic drugs frequently relapse and become drug resistant. Therefore, antibody-based therapy is promising for T-ALL treatment. To successfully develop an antibody-based therapy for T-ALL, antibodies that induce death in malignant T cells but not in nonmalignant T cells are required to avoid the induction of secondary T-cell immunodeficiency. In this review, CD99 tumor associated antigen, which is highly expressed on malignant T cells and lowly expressed on nonmalignant T cells, is proposed to be a potential target for antibody therapy of T-ALL. Since certain clones of anti-CD99 mAbs induce apoptosis only in malignant T cells, these anti-CD99 mAbs might be a promising antibody drug for the treatment of T-ALL with high efficiency and low adverse effects. Moreover, over the past 25 years, many clones of anti-CD99 mAbs have been studied for their direct effects on T-ALL. These outcomes are gathered here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamonporn Kotemul
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Watchara Kasinrerk
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nuchjira Takheaw
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manara MC, Manferdini C, Cristalli C, Carrabotta M, Santi S, De Feo A, Caldoni G, Pasello M, Landuzzi L, Lollini PL, Salamanna F, Dominici S, Fiori V, Magnani M, Lisignoli G, Scotlandi K. Engagement of CD99 Activates Distinct Programs in Ewing Sarcoma and Macrophages. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:247-260. [PMID: 38051221 PMCID: PMC10835215 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is the second most common pediatric bone tumor. The EWS tumor microenvironment is largely recognized as immune-cold, with macrophages being the most abundant immune cells and their presence associated with worse patient prognosis. Expression of CD99 is a hallmark of EWS cells, and its targeting induces inhibition of EWS tumor growth through a poorly understood mechanism. In this study, we analyzed CD99 expression and functions on macrophages and investigated whether the concomitant targeting of CD99 on both tumor and macrophages could explain the inhibitory effect of this approach against EWS. Targeting CD99 on EWS cells downregulated expression of the "don't eat-me" CD47 molecule but increased levels of the "eat-me" phosphatidyl serine and calreticulin molecules on the outer leaflet of the tumor cell membrane, triggering phagocytosis and digestion of EWS cells by macrophages. In addition, CD99 ligation induced reprogramming of undifferentiated M0 macrophages and M2-like macrophages toward the inflammatory M1-like phenotype. These events resulted in the inhibition of EWS tumor growth. Thus, this study reveals what we believe to be a previously unrecognized function of CD99, which engenders a virtuous circle that delivers intrinsic cell death signals to EWS cells, favors tumor cell phagocytosis by macrophages, and promotes the expression of various molecules and cytokines, which are pro-inflammatory and usually associated with tumor regression. This raises the possibility that CD99 may be involved in boosting the antitumor activity of macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Manara
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Cristalli
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marianna Carrabotta
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Spartaco Santi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra De Feo
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Caldoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Pasello
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorena Landuzzi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier-Luigi Lollini
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Salamanna
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
High-valency Anti-CD99 Antibodies Toward the Treatment of T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167402. [PMID: 34958778 PMCID: PMC8897262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive form of leukemia that currently requires intensive chemotherapy. While childhood T-ALL is associated with high cure rates, adult T-ALL is not, and both are associated with significant short- and long-term morbidities. Thus, less toxic and effective strategies to treat T-ALL are needed. CD99 is overexpressed on T-ALL blasts at diagnosis and at relapse. Although targeting CD99 with cytotoxic antibodies has been proposed, the molecular features required for their activity are undefined. We identified human antibodies that selectively bound to the extracellular domain of human CD99, and the most potent clone, 10A1, shared an epitope with a previously described cytotoxic IgM antibody. We engineered clone 10A1 in bivalent, trivalent, tetravalent, and dodecavalent formats. Increasing the antibody valency beyond two had no effects on binding to T-ALL cells. In contrast, a valency of ≥3 was required for cytotoxicity, suggesting a mechanism of action in which an antibody clusters ≥3 CD99 molecules to induce cytotoxicity. We developed a human IgG-based tetravalent version of 10A1 that exhibited cytotoxic activity to T-ALL cells but not to healthy peripheral blood cells. The crystal structure of the 10A1 Fab in complex with a CD99 fragment revealed that the antibody primarily recognizes a proline-rich motif (PRM) of CD99 in a manner reminiscent of SH3-PRM interactions. This work further validates CD99 as a promising therapeutic target in T-ALL and defines a pathway toward the development of a selective therapy against T-ALL.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ali A, Vaikari VP, Alachkar H. CD99 in malignant hematopoiesis. Exp Hematol 2022; 106:40-46. [PMID: 34920053 PMCID: PMC9450008 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.12.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The CD99 gene encodes a transmembrane protein that is involved in cell differentiation, adhesion, migration, and protein trafficking. CD99 is differentially expressed on the surface of hematopoietic cells both in the myeloid and lymphoid lineages. CD99 has two isoforms, the long and short isoforms that play different roles depending on the cellular context. There has been extensive evidence supporting the role of CD99 in myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemias. Here we review research findings related to the CD99 in malignant hematopoiesis. We also summarize the significance of CD99 as a therapeutic target in hematological malignancies.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 12E7 Antigen/analysis
- 12E7 Antigen/genetics
- 12E7 Antigen/metabolism
- Animals
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Hematopoiesis
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/therapy
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/therapy
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atham Ali
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Vijaya Pooja Vaikari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Houda Alachkar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Takheaw N, Sittithumcharee G, Kariya R, Kasinrerk W, Okada S. Anti-human CD99 antibody exerts potent antitumor effects in mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:1557-1567. [PMID: 33215253 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02789-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CD99 is a surface molecule expressed on various cell types including cancer cells. Expression of CD99 on multiple myeloma is associated with CCND1-IGH fusion/t(11;14). This translocation has been reported to be a genetic hallmark of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). MCL is characterized by overexpression of cyclin D1 and high tumor proliferation. In this study, high expression of CD99 on MCL cell lines was confirmed. Our generated anti-CD99 monoclonal antibody (mAb), termed MT99/3, exerted potent antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) activities against mantle B-cell lymphoma without direct cytotoxic effects. The anti-tumor activities of mAb MT99/3 were more effective in MCL than in other B-cell lymphomas. Moreover, in a mouse xenograft model using Z138 MCL cell line, treatment of mAb MT99/3 reduced tumor development and growth. Our study indicated that mAb MT99/3 is a promising immunotherapeutic candidate for mantle cell lymphoma therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuchjira Takheaw
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Gunya Sittithumcharee
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection and Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Ryusho Kariya
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection and Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Watchara Kasinrerk
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection and Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rendeiro AF, Krausgruber T, Fortelny N, Zhao F, Penz T, Farlik M, Schuster LC, Nemc A, Tasnády S, Réti M, Mátrai Z, Alpár D, Bödör C, Schmidl C, Bock C. Chromatin mapping and single-cell immune profiling define the temporal dynamics of ibrutinib response in CLL. Nat Commun 2020; 11:577. [PMID: 31996669 PMCID: PMC6989523 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib provides effective treatment for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), despite extensive heterogeneity in this disease. To define the underlining regulatory dynamics, we analyze high-resolution time courses of ibrutinib treatment in patients with CLL, combining immune-phenotyping, single-cell transcriptome profiling, and chromatin mapping. We identify a consistent regulatory program starting with a sharp decrease of NF-κB binding in CLL cells, which is followed by reduced activity of lineage-defining transcription factors, erosion of CLL cell identity, and acquisition of a quiescence-like gene signature. We observe patient-to-patient variation in the speed of execution of this program, which we exploit to predict patient-specific dynamics in the response to ibrutinib based on the pre-treatment patient samples. In aggregate, our study describes time-dependent cellular, molecular, and regulatory effects for therapeutic inhibition of B cell receptor signaling in CLL, and it establishes a broadly applicable method for epigenome/transcriptome-based treatment monitoring. Ibrutinib, a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, provides effective treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Here, the authors describe time-dependent molecular changes to malignant cells and to the immune system in patients undergoing ibrutinib therapy, with can be used for therapy monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André F Rendeiro
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Krausgruber
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Fortelny
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fangwen Zhao
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Penz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Farlik
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Linda C Schuster
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amelie Nemc
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Szabolcs Tasnády
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marienn Réti
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Mátrai
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Donát Alpár
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,MTA-SE Lendület Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Bödör
- MTA-SE Lendület Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian Schmidl
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria. .,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen D, Camponeschi A, Wu Q, Gerasimcik N, Li H, Shen X, Tan Y, Sjögren H, Nordlund J, Lönnerholm G, Abrahamsson J, Fogelstrand L, Mårtensson IL. CD99 expression is strongly associated with clinical outcome in children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2018; 184:418-423. [PMID: 30484860 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our study aimed to determine the expression pattern and clinical relevance of CD99 in paediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (BCP-ALL). Our findings demonstrate that high expression levels of CD99 are mainly found in high-risk BCP-ALL, e.g. BCR-ABL1 and CRLF2Re/Hi , and that high CD99 mRNA levels are strongly associated with a high frequency of relapse, high proportion of positive for minimal residual disease at day 29 and poor overall survival in paediatric cohorts, which indicate that CD99 is a potential biomarker for BCP-ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Alessandro Camponeschi
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Qingqing Wu
- The Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Natalija Gerasimcik
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Huiqi Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xue Shen
- The Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yujie Tan
- The Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Helene Sjögren
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jessica Nordlund
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gudmar Lönnerholm
- Department of Women and Children's health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Paediatrics, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linda Fogelstrand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Inga-Lill Mårtensson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Laopajon W, Pata S, Takheaw N, Surinkaew S, Khummuang S, Kasinrerk W. Triggering of CD99 on monocytes by a specific monoclonal antibody regulates T cell activation. Cell Immunol 2018; 335:51-58. [PMID: 30396687 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CD99, a leukocyte surface glycoprotein, has been implicated in many cellular processes including cell adhesion, cell migration and T cell activation. Our previous study demonstrated the anti-CD99 monoclonal antibody (mAb) clone MT99/3 inhibited T cell activation; however, the mechanism is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that CD99 expressed on monocytes played a role in the inhibition of T cell activation. Anti-CD99 mAb MT99/3 downregulated the expression of costimulatory molecule CD86, but upregulated IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α production by monocytes. The inhibitory effect of mAb MT99/3 required cell to cell contact between monocytes and lymphocytes. The soluble mediators produced by monocytes alone were insufficient to induce hypo-function of T lymphocytes. In summary, we demonstrated that ligation of CD99 on monocytes by anti-CD99 mAb MT99/3 could mediate T cell hypo-responsiveness. These findings provide the first evidence of the role of CD99 on monocytes that contributes to T cell activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Witida Laopajon
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Supansa Pata
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nuchjira Takheaw
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Surinkaew
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Saichit Khummuang
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Watchara Kasinrerk
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pasello M, Manara MC, Scotlandi K. CD99 at the crossroads of physiology and pathology. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:55-68. [PMID: 29305692 PMCID: PMC5842202 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CD99 is a cell surface protein with unique features and only partly defined mechanisms of action. This molecule is involved in crucial biological processes, including cell adhesion, migration, death, differentiation and diapedesis, and it influences processes associated with inflammation, immune responses and cancer. CD99 is frequently overexpressed in many types of tumors, particularly pediatric tumors including Ewing sarcoma and specific subtypes of leukemia. Engagement of CD99 induces the death of malignant cells through non-conventional mechanisms. In Ewing sarcoma, triggering of CD99 by specific monoclonal antibodies activates hyperstimulation of micropinocytosis and leads to cancer cells killing through a caspase-independent, non-apoptotic pathway resembling methuosis. This process is characterized by extreme accumulation of vacuoles in the cytoplasmic space, which compromises cell viability, requires the activation of RAS-Rac1 downstream signaling and appears to be rather specific for tumor cells. In addition, anti-CD99 monoclonal antibodies exhibit antitumor activities in xenografts in the absence of immune effector cells or complement proteins. Overall, these data establish CD99 as a new opportunity to treat patients with high expression of CD99, particularly those that are resistant to canonical apoptosis-inducing agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pasello
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Manara
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
CD99-Derived Agonist Ligands Inhibit Fibronectin-Induced Activation of β1 Integrin through the Protein Kinase A/SHP2/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase/PTPN12/Focal Adhesion Kinase Signaling Pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00675-16. [PMID: 28483911 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00675-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The human CD99 protein is a 32-kDa glycosylated transmembrane protein that regulates various cellular responses, including cell adhesion and leukocyte extravasation. We previously reported that CD99 activation suppresses β1 integrin activity through dephosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) at Y397. We explored a molecular mechanism underlying the suppression of β1 integrin activity by CD99 agonists and its relevance to tumor growth in vivo CD99-Fc fusion proteins or a series of CD99-derived peptides suppressed β1 integrin activity by specifically interacting with three conserved motifs of the CD99 extracellular domain. CD99CRIII3, a representative CD99-derived 3-mer peptide, facilitated protein kinase A-SHP2 interaction and subsequent activation of the HRAS/RAF1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Subsequently, CD99CRIII3 induced FAK phosphorylation at S910, which led to the recruitment of PTPN12 and PIN1 to FAK, followed by FAK dephosphorylation at Y397. Taken together, these results indicate that CD99-derived agonist ligands inhibit fibronectin-mediated β1 integrin activation through the SHP2/ERK/PTPN12/FAK signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
12
|
Gil M, Pak HK, Lee AN, Park SJ, Lee Y, Roh J, Lee H, Chung YS, Park CS. CD99 regulates CXCL12-induced chemotaxis of human plasma cells. Immunol Lett 2015; 168:329-36. [PMID: 26522646 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Migration of plasma cells (PCs) is crucial for the control of PC survival and antibody production and is controlled by chemokines, most importantly by CXCL12. This study investigated the role of CD99 in CXCL12-induced PC migration. Among B cell subsets in the tonsils, CD99 expression was highest in PCs. CD99 expression increased during in vitro differentiation of germinal center B cells and was highest in PCs. CD99 engagement reduced chemotactic migration of PCs toward CXCL12 and reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation by CXCL12. An ERK inhibitor reduced CXCL12-mediated chemotactic migration, which suggests that ERK has a critical role in migration. CD99 engagement did not influence apoptosis, differentiation, or antibody secretion of PCs. We propose a novel role of CD99 in PCs that suppresses ERK activation and chemotactic migration of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minchan Gil
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyung Pak
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A-Neum Lee
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seo-Jung Park
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Lee
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Roh
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Sam Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gil M, Pak HK, Park SJ, Lee AN, Park YS, Lee H, Lee H, Kim KE, Lee KJ, Yoon DH, Chung YS, Park CS. Engagement of CD99 Reduces AP-1 Activity by Inducing BATF in the Human Multiple Myeloma Cell Line RPMI8226. Immune Netw 2015; 15:260-7. [PMID: 26557810 PMCID: PMC4637347 DOI: 10.4110/in.2015.15.5.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
CD99 signaling is crucial to a diverse range of biological functions including survival and proliferation. CD99 engagement is reported to augment activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity through mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways in a T-lymphoblastic lymphoma cell line Jurkat and in breast cancer cell lines. In this study, we report that CD99 differentially regulated AP-1 activity in the human myeloma cell line RPMI8226. CD99 was highly expressed and the CD99 engagement led to activation of the MAP kinases, but suppressed AP-1 activity by inducing the expression of basic leucine zipper transcription factor, ATF-like (BATF), a negative regulator of AP-1 in RPMI8226 cells. By contrast, engagement of CD99 enhanced AP-1 activity and did not change the BATF expression in Jurkat cells. CD99 engagement reduced the proliferation of RPMI8226 cells and expression of cyclin 1 and 3. Overall, these results suggest novel CD99 functions in RPMI8226 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minchan Gil
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyung Pak
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Seo-Jeong Park
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - A-Neum Lee
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Young-Soo Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyangsin Lee
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Kyung-Eun Kim
- SIS Immunology Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Kyung Jin Lee
- Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Dok Hyun Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Yoo-Sam Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea. ; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Human myeloma cell lines induce osteoblast downregulation of CD99 which is involved in osteoblast formation and activity. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:156787. [PMID: 26000312 PMCID: PMC4427093 DOI: 10.1155/2015/156787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CD99 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in physiological conditions by cells of different tissues, including osteoblasts (OBs). High or low CD99 levels have been detected in various pathological conditions, and the supernatant of some carcinoma cell lines can modulate CD99 expression in OB-like cells. In the present work we demonstrate for the first time that two different human myeloma cell lines (H929 and U266) and, in a less degree, their conditioned media significantly downregulate CD99 expression in normal human OBs during the differentiation process. In the same experimental conditions the OBs display a less differentiated phenotype as demonstrated by the decreased expression of RUNX2 and Collagen I. On the contrary, when CD99 was activated by using a specific agonist antibody, the OBs become more active as demonstrated by the upregulation of Alkaline Phosphatase, Collagen I, RUNX2, and JUND expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the activation of CD99 is able to induce the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and AKT intracellular signal transduction molecules in the OBs.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiating between dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) and hypercellular dermatofibroma (DF) can sometimes be challenging, and a panel of immunostains is often employed. Expression of conventional markers oftentimes overlaps. We evaluated CD99 expression in DFSP and DF and its utility in distinction between these 2 entities. METHODS CD99 immunostaining was performed on 34 DFSPs and 24 hypercellular DFs. The intensity of staining was graded as "weak," "moderate," or "strong," and the proportion of positive cells was graded as follows: "scattered" when individual cells comprised <5% of the total cellularity of the lesion; "focal" with >5% but <25% of the cells; or "diffusely distributed" with staining of >25% of lesional spindle cells. RESULTS Overall, DFSPs showed positive CD99 staining in 21 (61.76%) cases. Moderate and weak patterns of staining were the most frequent, seen in 13 (38.2%) and 7 (20.6%) cases, respectively. CD99 staining in DFSPs was predominantly scattered or patchy (4 and 11 lesions respectively) with less than 25% of cells expressing CD99. In comparison, all 24 DF cases showed strong CD99 positivity in >25% of the spindle cell component (P = 0.0003). The most striking difference related to the distribution of staining. In DFSP, tumor cells in the superficial dermis, when present, were always CD99 negative. In contrast, DF cells in the superficial dermis always demonstrated strong CD99 positivity. CONCLUSIONS DF strongly expresses CD99 in a diffuse pattern that may serve as evidence in distinction from DFSP. As the differences in staining were most pronounced in the superficial portions of the tumor, CD99 staining may be well suited to superficial biopsy specimens, where distinction in hematoxylin and eosin sections may be most problematic.
Collapse
|
16
|
Guerzoni C, Fiori V, Terracciano M, Manara MC, Moricoli D, Pasello M, Sciandra M, Nicoletti G, Gellini M, Dominici S, Chiodoni C, Fornasari PM, Lollini PL, Colombo MP, Picci P, Cianfriglia M, Magnani M, Scotlandi K. CD99 Triggering in Ewing Sarcoma Delivers a Lethal Signal through p53 Pathway Reactivation and Cooperates with Doxorubicin. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 21:146-56. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
17
|
Zucchini C, Manara MC, Pinca RS, De Sanctis P, Guerzoni C, Sciandra M, Lollini PL, Cenacchi G, Picci P, Valvassori L, Scotlandi K. CD99 suppresses osteosarcoma cell migration through inhibition of ROCK2 activity. Oncogene 2013; 33:1912-21. [PMID: 23644663 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CD99, a transmembrane protein encoded by MIC2 gene is involved in multiple cellular events including cell adhesion and migration, apoptosis, cell differentiation and regulation of protein trafficking either in physiological or pathological conditions. In osteosarcoma, CD99 is expressed at low levels and functions as a tumour suppressor. The full-length protein (CD99wt) and the short-form harbouring a deletion in the intracytoplasmic domain (CD99sh) have been associated with distinct functional outcomes with respect to tumour malignancy. In this study, we especially evaluated modulation of cell-cell contacts, reorganisation of the actin cytoskeleton and modulation of signalling pathways by comparing osteosarcoma cells characterised by different metastasis capabilities and CD99 expression, to identify molecular mechanisms responsible for metastasis. Our data indicate that forced expression of CD99wt induces recruitment of N-cadherin and β-catenin to adherens junctions. In addition, transfection of CD99wt inhibits the expression of several molecules crucial to the remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton, such as ACTR2, ARPC1A, Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) as well as ezrin, an ezrin/radixin/moesin family member that has been clearly associated with tumour progression and metastatic spread in osteosarcoma. Functional studies point to ROCK2 as a crucial intracellular mediator regulating osteosarcoma migration. By maintaining c-Src in an inactive conformation, CD99wt inhibits ROCK2 signalling and this leads to ezrin decrease at cell membrane while N-cadherin and β-catenin translocate to the plasma membrane and function as main molecular bridges for actin cytoskeleton. Taken together, we propose that the re-expression of CD99wt, which is generally present in osteoblasts but lost in osteosarcoma, through inhibition of c-Src and ROCK2 activity, manages to increase contact strength and reactivate stop-migration signals that counteract the otherwise dominant promigratory action of ezrin in osteosarcoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Zucchini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M C Manara
- 1] CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Bologna, Italy [2] Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - R S Pinca
- 1] CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Bologna, Italy [2] Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - P De Sanctis
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Guerzoni
- 1] Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy [2] PROMETEO Laboratory, STB, RIT Department, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Sciandra
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Bologna, Italy
| | - P-L Lollini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Cenacchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Picci
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Valvassori
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - K Scotlandi
- 1] CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Bologna, Italy [2] Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy [3] PROMETEO Laboratory, STB, RIT Department, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Krisanaprakornkit S, Chotjumlong P, Pata S, Chruewkamlow N, Reutrakul V, Kasinrerk W. CD99 ligation induces intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression and secretion in human gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:82-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
Fujimura T, Sugawara M, Haga T, Kariya Y, Okuyama R, Tagami H, Aiba S. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma with in-transit metastasis. Case Rep Dermatol 2011; 3:164-9. [PMID: 21941482 PMCID: PMC3177836 DOI: 10.1159/000331324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is the most common fibroblastic tumor, but its cutaneous metastasis, especially in-transit metastasis, is extremely rare. We describe the case of a 30-year-old Japanese man with a recurrent MFH on the scalp accompanied by in-transit metastasis, which had been treated as a benign skin tumor 8 years before. The main bulk of the recurrent tumor was located in the dermis, but the metastatic tumor was mainly located in the subcutis. Generally, atypical fibroxanthoma, also known as cutaneous MFH, is rarely metastasized and presents a benign clinical course. Since there is a great difference between the prognosis of MFH and atypical fibroxanthoma, precise diagnosis of the primary tumor is essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Fujimura
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tahir SK, Wass J, Joseph MK, Devanarayan V, Hessler P, Zhang H, Elmore SW, Kroeger PE, Tse C, Rosenberg SH, Anderson MG. Identification of expression signatures predictive of sensitivity to the Bcl-2 family member inhibitor ABT-263 in small cell lung carcinoma and leukemia/lymphoma cell lines. Mol Cancer Ther 2010; 9:545-57. [PMID: 20179162 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-09-0651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ABT-263 inhibits the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-x(L), and Bcl-w and has single-agent efficacy in numerous small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and leukemia/lymphoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. It is currently in clinical trials for treating patients with SCLC and various leukemia/lymphomas. Identification of predictive markers for response will benefit the clinical development of ABT-263. We identified the expression of Bcl-2 family genes that correlated best with sensitivity to ABT-263 in a panel of 36 SCLC and 31 leukemia/lymphoma cell lines. In cells sensitive to ABT-263, expression of Bcl-2 and Noxa is elevated, whereas expression of Mcl-1 is higher in resistant cells. We also examined global expression differences to identify gene signature sets that correlated with sensitivity to ABT-263 to generate optimal signature sets predictive of sensitivity to ABT-263. Independent cell lines were used to verify the predictive power of the gene sets and to refine the optimal gene signatures. When comparing normal lung tissue and SCLC primary tumors, the expression pattern of these genes in the tumor tissue is most similar to sensitive SCLC lines, whereas normal tissue is most similar to resistant SCLC lines. Most of the genes identified using global expression patterns are related to the apoptotic pathway; however, all but Bcl-rambo are distinct from the Bcl-2 family. This study leverages global expression data to identify key gene expression patterns for sensitivity to ABT-263 in SCLC and leukemia/lymphoma and may provide guidance in the selection of patients in future clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen K Tahir
- Global Pharmaceutical Product Research Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6099, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pericolini E, Gabrielli E, Cenci E, De Jesus M, Bistoni F, Casadevall A, Vecchiarelli A. Involvement of glycoreceptors in galactoxylomannan-induced T cell death. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:6003-10. [PMID: 19414751 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0803833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The major virulence factor of Cryptococcus neoformans is its capsular polysaccharide, which is also released into tissues. The shed polysaccharide is composed of glucuronoxylomannan, galactoxylomannan (GalXM), and mannoproteins. In a previous study, we demonstrated a direct interaction of purified soluble GalXM with T cells that induced their apoptosis. In this study, we focus on the mechanisms involved in the apoptotic effect of GalXM. In our experimental system, we analyzed the effect of GalXM on purified human T cells and Jurkat cells, a T cell line routinely used for apoptotic studies. Our results reveal that GalXM activates the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways through the cleavage and recruitment of caspase-8. Caspase-8 elicits the downstream executioner caspase-3, caspase-6, and caspase-7 both directly and indirectly, via Bid cleavage and caspase-9 activation. These effects appeared to be primarily mediated by the interaction of GalXM with the glycoreceptors, which differed in human T and Jurkat cells. CD45 was primarily involved in Jurkat cells apoptosis while CD7 and CD43 mediated human T cell apoptosis. Our results highlight a new mechanism by which a microbial product can contribute to virulence through direct interaction with T cell glycoreceptors, thereby triggering lymphocyte apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pericolini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Inhibition of methionine adenosyltransferase II induces FasL expression, Fas-DISC formation and caspase-8-dependent apoptotic death in T leukemic cells. Cell Res 2009; 19:358-69. [PMID: 19048023 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2008.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase II (MAT II) is a key enzyme in cellular metabolism and catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) from L-methionine and ATP. Normal resting T lymphocytes have minimal MAT II activity, whereas activated proliferating T lymphocytes and transformed T leukemic cells show significantly enhanced MAT II activity. This work was carried out to examine the role of MAT II activity and SAMe biosynthesis in the survival of leukemic T cells. Inhibition of MAT II and the resultant decrease in SAMe levels enhanced expression of FasL mRNA and protein, and induced DISC (Death Inducing Signaling Complex) formation with FADD (Fas-associated Death Domain) and procaspase-8 recruitment, as well as concomitant increase in caspase-8 activation and decrease in c-FLIP(s) levels. Fas-initiated signaling induced by MAT II inhibition was observed to link to the mitochondrial pathway via Bid cleavage and to ultimately lead to increased caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation in these cells. Furthermore, blocking MAT 2A mRNA expression, which encodes the catalytic subunits of MAT II, using a small-interfering RNA approach enhanced FasL expression and cell death, validating the essential nature of MAT II activity in the survival of T leukemic cells.
Collapse
|
23
|
Khunkaewla P, Chiampanichayakul S, Yasamut U, Pata S, Kasinrerk W. Production, Characterization, and Functional Analysis of Newly Established CD99 Monoclonal Antibodies MT99/1 and MT99/2. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2007; 26:241-50. [PMID: 17725386 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2007.0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The leukocyte surface molecule CD99 is an integral membrane glycoprotein encoded by the E2/MIC2 gene. This molecule is broadly expressed on cells of the hematopoietic system and displays two surface forms, a long 32 kDa form and a short 28 kDa form. While the complete function of the CD99 molecule is unclear, it has been reported to be involved in regulation of cell adhesion, migration, and apoptosis. Thus, several CD99 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been generated for biochemical and functional studies of the CD99 molecule. In the present study two CD99 MAbs, MT99/1 and MT99/2, were produced. The MAbs recognized different epitopes of the CD99 molecule. MAb MT99/1, but not MT99/2, was appropriate for biochemical characterization. Binding of MAb MT99/1 with its epitope led to the induction of cell adhesion and apoptosis. The generated MAbs can be used for future study of the function and mechanism of the CD99 molecule, including its role in the immune system, and may have application in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panida Khunkaewla
- Biomedical Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Imbert AM, Belaaloui G, Bardin F, Tonnelle C, Lopez M, Chabannon C. CD99 expressed on human mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cells is involved in transendothelial migration. Blood 2006; 108:2578-86. [PMID: 16825498 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-12-010827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractHematopoietic progenitor cell trafficking is an important phenomenon throughout life. It is thought to occur in sequential steps, similar to what has been described for mature leukocytes. Molecular actors have been identified for each step of leukocyte migration; recently, CD99 was shown to play a part during transendothelial migration. We explored the expression and role of CD99 on human hematopoietic progenitors. We demonstrate that (1) CD34+ cells express CD99, albeit with various intensities; (2) subsets of CD34+ cells with high or low levels of CD99 expression produce different numbers of erythroid, natural killer (NK), or dendritic cells in the in vitro differentiation assays; (3) the level of CD99 expression is related to the ability to differentiate toward B cells; (4) CD34+ cells that migrate through an endothelial monolayer in response to SDF-1α and SCF display the highest level of CD99 expression; (5) binding of a neutralizing antibody to CD99 partially inhibits transendothelial migration of CD34+ progenitors in an in vitro assay; and (6) binding of a neutralizing antibody to CD99 reduces homing of CD34+ progenitors xenotransplanted in NOD-SCID mice. We conclude that expression of CD99 on human CD34+ progenitors has functional significance and that CD99 may be involved in transendothelial migration of progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Imbert
- Centre de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, 232 boulevard Sainte Marguerite, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chagnon P, Schneider R, Hébert J, Fortin PR, Provost S, Belisle C, Gingras M, Bolduc V, Perreault C, Silverman E, Busque L. Identification and characterization of an Xp22.33;Yp11.2 translocation causing a triplication of several genes of the pseudoautosomal region 1 in an XX male patient with severe systemic lupus erythematosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 54:1270-8. [PMID: 16575839 DOI: 10.1002/art.21733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The X;Y translocation break point sequence in an XX male patient with prepubertal systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was characterized with the intention of identifying a predisposing gene(s) for SLE. Spectral karyotyping of the patient's metaphase chromosomes showed normal autosomes and 2 X chromosomes, one of which displayed a small portion of the Y chromosome. Using a Y chromosome polymerase chain reaction (PCR) walking strategy and inverse PCR, we found that the abnormal recombination occurred between retroviral long terminal repeats located at Xp22.33 (position 0.95 Mb; inside the pseudoautosomal regions) and Yp11.2 (4.20 Mb) downstream of the sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene. The complete DNA sequence of the break point was determined, revealing a partial duplication of the pseudoautosomal region 1 (PAR1) in the derivative X chromosome and causing a partial trisomy of the 12 known genes located between the interleukin-3 receptor alpha (IL3RA; position 1.1 Mb on the X and Y chromosomes) and CD99 (position 2.2 Mb) genes inclusively. All other X chromosome genes were present as 2 copies. Real-time quantitative PCR confirmed the presence of 3 copies of each of the 12 genes in the patient's genomic DNA. We also found that RNA for 1 of the candidate genes was indeed overexpressed in the patient's blood as compared with normal subjects. Taken together, the uniqueness of the translocation, the rarity of severe prepubertal SLE in males, and the presence of SLE in some patients with Klinefelter's syndrome (who have a triplication of the 2 PAR regions) point to a possible relationship between the partial triplication of the PAR1 region and the development of SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Chagnon
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, and Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sung CO, Ko YH, Park S, Kim K, Kim W. Immunoreactivity of CD99 in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: unexpected frequent expression in ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. J Korean Med Sci 2005; 20:952-6. [PMID: 16361803 PMCID: PMC2779325 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2005.20.6.952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To verify the spectrum of CD99-expressing lymphoid malignancy, an immunohistochemical study for CD99 was carried out in 182 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, including 21 lymphoblastic lymphomas, 11 small lymphocytic lymphomas, 9 mantle cell lymphomas, 12 follicular lymphomas, 37 diffuse large B cell lymphomas, 18 Burkitt's lymphomas, 28 NK/T-cell lymphomas, 8 angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas, 23 peripheral T-cell lymphomas, unspecified, and 15 systemic anaplastic large cell lymphomas. CD99 was positive in all T-lymphoblastic lymphomas and in 60% of B-lymphoblastic lymphomas. Majority of T and NK cell lymphomas were negative for CD99, except anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs). Eight of 15 cases (54%) of ALCLs reacted with anti CD99 antibody. Seven of 10 (70%) ALK positive ALCLs expressed CD99, whereas only 1 of 5 (20%) ALK negative ALCLs were positive. Of the mature B-cell lymphomas, 5.4% (2/37) of diffuse large B cell lymphomas and 11.1% (2/18) of Burkitt's lymphomas expressed CD99. In conclusion, CD99 is infrequently expressed in mature B and T cell lymphomas, except ALK-positive ALCL. High expression of CD99 in ALK-positive ALCL is unexpected finding and its biologic and clinical significances have yet to be clarified.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 12E7 Antigen
- Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/enzymology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/enzymology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/immunology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/immunology
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ohk Sung
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Fas (CD95) mediates apoptosis of many cell types, but the susceptibility of cells to killing by Fas ligand and anti-Fas antibodies is highly variable. Jurkat T cells lacking CD47 (integrin-associated protein) are relatively resistant to Fas-mediated death but are efficiently killed by Fas ligand or anti-Fas IgM (CH11) upon expression of CD47. Lack of CD47 impairs events downstream of Fas activation including caspase activation, poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, cytochrome c release from mitochondria, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA cleavage. Neither CD47 signaling nor raft association of CD47 is required to enable Fas apoptosis. CH11 induces association of Fas and CD47. Primary T cells from CD47-null mice are also protected from Fas-mediated killing relative to wild type T cells. Thus CD47 associates with Fas upon its activation and augments Fas-mediated apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Partha P Manna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung (PCL) is characterized by a mixture of sarcomatoid and carcinoma components, and a poor prognosis. However, no immunophenotype of tumor markers has been characterized in PCL. To characterize the immunophenotype for CD99 in PCL, we performed an immunohistochemical evaluation of PCLs for thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), cytokeratin (CK) 7 and 20, and for CD99. CD99 was found to be expressed in both carcinomatous (47%) and sarcomatous components such as spindle cells (92%) and giant cells (57%). In the case of spindle cells, CK7 was expressed in 6 cases (46%) and TTF-1 in 2 cases (15%), whereas for giant cells CK7 was expressed in 8 cases (57%) and TTF-1 in one case (7%). However, CK20 was not expressed in either the carcinomatous or sarcomatous components in any case. Thus, CD99 was found to be widely expressed in both sarcomatous and carcinoma component in PCL. A clinicopathological analysis showed no direct correlation between the expression of CD99 and the clinical indices (stage, survival rate, invasion) of PCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ho Yoo
- Department of Pathology and Xenotransplantation Research Center Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungho Han
- Department of Pathology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Jin Kim
- Department of Pathology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Hyun Chung
- Department of Pathology and Xenotransplantation Research Center Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|