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Sott K, Eriksson E, Petelenz E, Goksör M. Optical systems for single cell analyses. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 3:1323-44. [PMID: 23496168 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.3.11.1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data extracted from a population of cells represent the average response from all cells within the population. Even when the cells are genetically identical, cell-to-cell variations and genetic noise can make the cells respond in completely different ways. To understand the mechanisms behind the behaviour of a population, the cells must also be analysed on an individual basis. OBJECTIVE This review highlights the use of optical manipulation, microfluidics and advanced fluorescence imaging techniques for the acquisition of single cell data. CONCLUSION By implementation of these three techniques, it is possible to achieve a deeper insight into the principles underlying cellular functioning and a more thorough understanding of the phenomena often observed in cell populations, thus facilitating research in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Sott
- Postdoctoral fellow University of Gothenburg, Department of Physics, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
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2
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Harsono MS, Zhu Q, Shi LZ, Duquette M, Berns MW. Development of a dual joystick-controlled laser trapping and cutting system for optical micromanipulation of chromosomes inside living cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:197-204. [PMID: 22517735 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A multi-joystick robotic laser microscope system used to control two optical traps (tweezers) and one laser scissors has been developed for subcellular organelle manipulation. The use of joysticks has provided a "user-friendly" method for both trapping and cutting of organelles such as chromosomes in live cells. This innovative design has enabled the clean severing of chromosome arms using the laser scissors as well as the ability to easily hold and pull the severed arm using the laser tweezers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcellinus S Harsono
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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McDougall C, Stevenson DJ, Brown CTA, Gunn-Moore F, Dholakia K. Targeted optical injection of gold nanoparticles into single mammalian cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2009; 2:736-743. [PMID: 19603388 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.200910030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present an all optical technique for the targeted delivery of single 100 nm diameter gold nanoparticles into a specified region of the interior of an individual mammalian cell through a combination of optical tweezing and optical injection. The internalisation of the nanoparticle is verified by confocal laser scanning microscopy and confocal laser scanning reflectance microscopy. This represents the first time that nano sized particles have been tweezed and optically injected into mammalian cells using only light, and provides a novel methodology for internalising nanosphere based biosensors within specific intracellular regions of a mammalian cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig McDougall
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK.
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Huser T, Orme CA, Hollars CW, Corzett MH, Balhorn R. Raman spectroscopy of DNA packaging in individual human sperm cells distinguishes normal from abnormal cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2009; 2:322-32. [PMID: 19373853 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.200910012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Healthy human males produce sperm cells of which about 25-40% have abnormal head shapes. Increases in the percentage of sperm exhibiting aberrant sperm head morphologies have been correlated with male infertility, and biochemical studies of pooled sperm have suggested that sperm with abnormal shape may contain DNA that has not been properly repackaged by protamine during spermatid development. We have used micro-Raman spectroscopy to obtain Raman spectra from individual human sperm cells and examined how differences in the Raman spectra of sperm chromatin correlate with cell shape. We show that Raman spectra of individual sperm cells contain vibrational marker modes that can be used to assess the efficiency of DNA-packaging for each cell. Raman spectra obtained from sperm cells with normal shape provide evidence that DNA in these sperm is very efficiently packaged. We find, however, that the relative protein content per cell and DNA packaging efficiencies are distributed over a relatively wide range for sperm cells with both normal and abnormal shape. These findings indicate that single cell Raman spectroscopy should be a valuable tool in assessing the quality of sperm cells for in-vitro fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Huser
- NSF Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Montag MH, Klose R, Köster M, Rösing B, van der Ven K, Rink K, van der Ven H. Application of non-contact laser technology in assisted reproduction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mla.2008.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Schütze K, Niyaz Y, Stich M, Buchstaller A. Noncontact laser microdissection and catapulting for pure sample capture. Methods Cell Biol 2007; 82:649-73. [PMID: 17586275 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(06)82023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cellular function, growth, and proliferation is based on the accurate identification, isolation, and finally characterization of a specific single cell or a population of cells and its subsets of biomolecules. For the simultaneous analysis of thousands of molecular parameters within one single experiment as realized by DNA, RNA, and protein microarray technologies, a defined number of homogeneous cells derived from a distinct morphological origin are required. Sample preparation is therefore a very crucial step preceding the functional characterization of specific cell populations. Laser microdissection and laser pressure catapulting (LMPC) enables pure and homogeneous sample preparation resulting in an increased specificity of molecular analyses. With LMPC, the force of focused laser light is utilized to excise selected cells or large tissue areas from object slides down to individual single cells and subcellular components like organelles or chromosomes. After microdissection, the sample is directly catapulted into an appropriate collection vial. As this process works entirely without mechanical contact, it enables pure sample retrieval from morphologically defined origin without cross-contamination. LMPC has been successfully applied to isolate and catapult cells from, for example, histological tissue sections, from forensic evidence material, and also from tough plant matter, supporting biomedical research, forensic science, and plant physiology studies. Even delicate living cells like stem cells have been captured for recultivation without affecting their viability or stem cell character, an important feature influencing stem cell research, regenerative medicine, and drug development. The combination of LMPC with microinjection to inject drugs or genetic material into individual cells and to capture them for molecular analyses bears great potential for efficient patient-tailored medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schütze
- PALM Microlaser Technologies GmbH, Am Neuland 9 + 12, 82347 Bernried, Germany
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7
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Ebner T, Moser M, Tews G. Possible applications of a non-contact 1.48 μm wavelength diode laser in assisted reproduction technologies. Hum Reprod Update 2005; 11:425-35. [PMID: 15817523 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmi009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, one laser system has been introduced in IVF fulfilling all safety requirements, while achieving a high standard of reproducibility in terms of ablation diameter. This 1.48 microm wavelength indium-gallium-arsenic-phosphorus (InGaAsP) semiconductor laser offers a variety of laser applications to the embryologist. On the one hand, zona pellucida of oocytes or embryos can be manipulated in order to facilitate ICSI or biopsy and assist hatching, and on the other, spermatozoa may be paralysed or immobilized prior to usage. To conclude, the 1.48 microm diode laser provides a promising tool for the microdissection of subcellular targets. The diode laser stands out due to the rapidity, the simplicity and the safety of the procedure which is supported by healthy offspring after laser application.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ebner
- Women's General Hospital, IVF-Unit, Lederergasse 47, A-4020 Linz, Austria.
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Coirault C, Pourny JC, Lambert F, Lecarpentier Y. [Optical tweezers in biology and medicine]. Med Sci (Paris) 2003; 19:364-7. [PMID: 12836420 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2003193364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical trapping techniques provide unique means to manipulate biological particles such as virus, living cells and subcellular organelles. Another area of interest is the measurement of mechanical (elastic) properties of cell membranes, long strands of single DNA molecule, and filamentous proteins. One of the most attractive applications is the study of single motor molecules. With optical tweezers traps, one can measure the forces generated by single motor molecules such as kinesin and myosin, in the piconewton range and, for the first time, resolve their detailed stepping motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Coirault
- Inserm-Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée-Ensta-Ecole Polytechnique, Centre de l'Yvette, 91761 Palaiseau, France.
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinuhe Hahn
- Laboratory for Prenatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
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Hsieh YY, Huang CC, Cheng TC, Chang CC, Tsai HD, Lee MS. Laser-assisted hatching of embryos is better than the chemical method for enhancing the pregnancy rate in women with advanced age. Fertil Steril 2002; 78:179-82. [PMID: 12095510 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assisted hatching may enhance embryo implantation. This study was conducted to examine the efficacy of the laser- and chemical-assisted hatching for promotion of implantation (IR), pregnancy (PR), and delivery rate (DR) in older women undergoing IVF cycles. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING An IVF unit of a medical center. PATIENT(S) A total of 601 embryos from 141 women aged > or =38 years underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and assisted hatching. INTERVENTION(S) The study population was divided into two groups: group 1 had laser-assisted hatching (n = 85) and group 2 had chemical-assisted hatching (n = 56). Before the transfer, the day 3 embryos were hatched by using a 1.48-microm noncontact diode laser or acid Tyrode's solution. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT(S) The IR, PR, and DR between the groups were compared. RESULT(S) There were no statistical differences between groups in age, E2 concentrations during hCG administration, gonadotrophin dosage, embryo grade, the numbers of oocytes retrieved, oocytes fertilized, and embryos transferred. Higher IR, PR, and DR were noted in the laser-assisted hatching group. The IR, PR, and DR were: group 1, 8.2%/31.8%/24.7% and group 2, 3.8%/16.1%/10.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S) Laser-assisted hatching of embryos is more effective than the chemical method in enhancing the IR and PR of women with advanced age. The laser system allows an easier, faster, and safer micromanipulation of the zona pellucida, which provided a better method in zona drilling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Yuan Hsieh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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Mohanty SK, Rapp A, Monajembashi S, Gupta PK, Greulich KO. Comet assay measurements of DNA damage in cells by laser microbeams and trapping beams with wavelengths spanning a range of 308 nm to 1064 nm. Radiat Res 2002; 157:378-85. [PMID: 11893239 DOI: 10.1667/0033-7587(2002)157[0378:camodd]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage induced in NC37 lymphoblasts by optical tweezers with a continuous-wave Ti:sapphire laser and a continuous-wave Nd:YAG laser (60-240 mW; 10-50 TJ/m2; 30-120 s irradiation) was studied with the comet assay, a single-cell technique used to detect DNA fragmentation in genomes. Over the wavelength range of 750-1064 nm, the amount of damage in DNA peaks at around 760 nm, with the fraction of DNA damage within the range of 750-780 nm being a factor of two larger than the fraction of DNA damage within the range of 800-1064 nm. The variation in DNA damage was not significant over the range of 800-1064 nm. When the logarithm of damage thresholds measured in the present work, as well as values reported previously in the UV range, was plotted as a function of wavelength, a dramatic wavelength dependence became apparent. The damage threshold values can be fitted on two straight lines, one for continuous-wave sources and the other for pulsed sources, irrespective of the type of source used (e.g. classical lamp or laser). The damage threshold around 760 nm falls on the line extrapolated from values for UV-radiation-induced damage, while the data for 800-1064 nm fall on a line that has a different slope. The change in the slope between 320 and 340 nm observed earlier is consistent with a well-known change in DNA-damaging mechanisms. The change observed around 780 nm is therefore suggestive of a further change in the mechanism(s). The data from this work together with our previous measurements provide, to the best of our knowledge, the most comprehensive view available of the DNA damage produced by microfocused light.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Mohanty
- Biomedical Applications Section, Center for Advanced Technology, Indore, India-452013
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12
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Ebner T, Yaman C, Moser M, Sommergruber M, Hartl J, Tews G. Laser assisted immobilization of spermatozoa prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection in humans. Hum Reprod 2001; 16:2628-31. [PMID: 11726586 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/16.12.2628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conventional method of immobilization of spermatozoa prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is mechanical breakage of the tail by pressing it against the bottom of the injection dish. METHODS This prospective self-controlled study was set up to evaluate the potential of a non-contact 1.48 microm wavelength diode laser in terms of immobilization. In addition, the fertilization rate and further development potential of such zygotes were investigated. The patients included in our study (n = 60) had oestradiol concentrations >2000 pg/ml, and thus a relatively high number of MII oocytes could be expected. Approximately half the oocytes were injected with laser treated spermatozoa (n = 262, study group) and the other half with mechanically immobilized spermatozoa (n = 252, control group). RESULTS No significant differences between the two groups in terms of fertilization rate, early cleavage or blastocyst formation were observed. However, time required for identification, aspiration and injection of a potential spermatozoa was significantly shorter in the laser immobilized sperm group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The application of a non-contact diode laser for sperm immobilization prior to ICSI is a potentially useful alternative to the conventional mechanical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ebner
- Women's General Hospital, IVF-Unit, A-4020 Linz, Austria.
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13
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Kuo YL, Tzeng WL, Li PC, Tang TS, Young ST. Autostage sperm tracing system for semen evaluation. ARCHIVES OF ANDROLOGY 2000; 44:29-39. [PMID: 10690762 DOI: 10.1080/014850100262380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the limitation of the microscope field, the study proposed an autostage sperm tracing system (ASTS), which could trace a particular sperm for a long time and distance. The ASTS was constructed by assembling a commercial microscope, an image frame grabber, a personal computer, and a motorized stage. Its performance was tested by evaluating 6 semen samples and by comparing the evaluation with those of other semen evaluations. The ASTS broke through the limitation of the microscope field and traced a particular sperm as long as possible. It analyzed the sperm track and calculated the motility parameters, such as curvilinear velocity (Vcl), straight-line velocity (Vsl), and linearity (L(in)). The sperm quality was then evaluated in real time, and the user could decide to capture or abandon a particular sperm in the IVF The ASTS enables users to evaluate sperm progression for a long time and to have the global quality of a particular sperm in real time. Its open structure has the flexibility for micromanipulating a semen sample, and has the potential application associated with a modern IVF technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Nishimura Y, Misumi O, Matsunaga S, Higashiyama T, Yokota A, Kuroiwa T. The active digestion of uniparental chloroplast DNA in a single zygote of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is revealed by using the optical tweezer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:12577-82. [PMID: 10535964 PMCID: PMC22996 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.22.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-Mendelian inheritance of organelle genes is a phenomenon common to almost all eukaryotes, and in the isogamous alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, chloroplast (cp) genes are transmitted from the mating type positive (mt(+)) parent. In this study, the preferential disappearance of the fluorescent cp nucleoids of the mating type negative (mt(-)) parent was observed in living young zygotes. To study the change in cpDNA molecules during the preferential disappearance, the cpDNA of mt(+) or mt(-) origin was labeled separately with bacterial aadA gene sequences. Then, a single zygote with or without cp nucleoids was isolated under direct observation by using optical tweezers and investigated by nested PCR analysis of the aadA sequences. This demonstrated that cpDNA molecules are digested completely during the preferential disappearance of mt(-) cp nucleoids within 10 min, whereas mt(+) cpDNA and mitochondrial DNA are protected from the digestion. These results indicate that the non-Mendelian transmission pattern of organelle genes is determined immediately after zygote formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nishimura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Abstract
With the addition of tightly focused laser beams, microscopes have been turned into elaborate preparative tools that permit not only allow detailed observation of a specimen but also the capture, displacement, and microdissection of biological samples in vitro with astonishing ease and accuracy. Laser-Tweezers are used to capture and manipulate cells and organelles. LaserScissors are used to perform microdissections at the submicrometer level. After a short technical description of the instrumentation and its principles of operation, several examples of applications are given relevant to the field of clinical research that could only be achieved using such modern technology. For instance, LaserTweezers and LaserScissors offer a unprecedented means to study the immune response to cancer, to control the growth of nerve cells, or expand the significance of assisted reproductive technologies. It is suggested that newly developing procedures and assays using laser-assisted technologies will prove beneficial for future clinical laboratory testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Conia
- Cell Robotics Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87107, USA
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Buer CS, Gahagan KT, Swartzlander GA, Weathers PJ. Insertion of microscopic objects through plant cell walls using laser microsurgery. Biotechnol Bioeng 1998; 60:348-55. [PMID: 10099438 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19981105)60:3<348::aid-bit11>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A detailed protocol is presented for precisely inserting microscopic objects into the periplasmic region of plant callus cells using laser microsurgery. Ginkgo biloba and Agrobacterium rhizogenes were used as the model system for developing the optical tweezers and scalpel techniques using a single laser. We achieved better than 95% survival after plasmolyzing G. biloba cells, ablating a 2-4-μm hole through the cell wall using a pulsed UV laser beam, trapping and translating bacteria into the periplasmic region using a pulsed infrared laser beam, and then deplasmolyzing the cells. Insertion of bacteria is also described. A thermal model for temperature changes of trapped bacteria is included. Comparisons with other methods, such as a reverse-pressure gradient technique, are discussed and additional experiments on plants using laser microsurgery are suggested. Copyright 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- CS Buer
- Department of Biology/Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
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17
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Rubinsztein-Dunlop H, Nieminen T, Friese M, Heckenberg N. Optical Trapping of Absorbing Particles. ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3276(08)60523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
The techniques of optical trapping and manipulation of neutral particles by lasers provide unique means to control the dynamics of small particles. These new experimental methods have played a revolutionary role in areas of the physical and biological sciences. This paper reviews the early developments in the field leading to the demonstration of cooling and trapping of neutral atoms in atomic physics and to the first use of optical tweezers traps in biology. Some further major achievements of these rapidly developing methods also are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ashkin
- Research Department, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies (retired), Room 4B-405, Holmdel, NJ 07733-3030, USA
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Hollis A, Rastegar S, Descloux L, Delacrétaz G, Rink K. Zona pellucida microdrilling with a 1.48 microns diode laser. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY MAGAZINE : THE QUARTERLY MAGAZINE OF THE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY SOCIETY 1997; 16:43-7. [PMID: 9158984 DOI: 10.1109/51.585516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Hollis
- Bioengineering Program, Texas A&M University, USA
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Fällman E, Axner O. Design for fully steerable dual-trap optical tweezers. APPLIED OPTICS 1997; 36:2107-13. [PMID: 18253180 DOI: 10.1364/ao.36.002107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A design for complete beam steering (in three dimensions) of one or two optical tweezers traps is presented. The two most important requirements for efficient and stable movement of an optical trap are identified. A detailed recipe for the construction of a movable optical tweezers trap that fulfills these requirements is given (exemplified with an inverted microscope). The system has been found to allow for precise and free movements of both traps in all three dimensions in a dual-trap optical tweezers configuration and to be robust and reliable, as well as forgiving of small misalignments in the optical system.
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Schütze K, Becker I, Becker KF, Thalhammer S, Stark R, Heckl WM, Böhm M, Pösl H. Cut out or poke in--the key to the world of single genes: laser micromanipulation as a valuable tool on the look-out for the origin of disease. GENETIC ANALYSIS : BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING 1997; 14:1-8. [PMID: 9158958 DOI: 10.1016/s1050-3862(96)00169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The optical micromanipulation systems UV(ultraviolet)-Laser Microbeam and Optical Tweezers Trap, already proven to be powerful tools for 'non-contact' micro-manipulation of gametes, cells and organelles, have now made their way into the nanocosmos of genes and molecules. Force measurements of DNA transcription have been performed and selective DNA molecule micromanipulation gives insight into single molecule behaviour. Retrievement of selected single cells without contamination is an import prerequisite for further processing with modern methods of molecular biology. Laser micro-dissection allows to precisely eliminate any unwanted material or to isolate pieces of chromosomes or single cells of interest with high accuracy and efficiency. This enables the cell or chromosome specific molecular analysis of genes and genetic defects underlying disease, such as cancer or infection. This review article gives an overview of current topics of laser microbeam application in biological or medical research and advanced molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schütze
- Städtisches Krankenhaus Harlaching, Applikatives Laserzentrum der I. Medizinischen Abteilung, München, Germany
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König K, Liang H, Berns MW, Tromberg BJ. Cell damage in near-infrared multimode optical traps as a result of multiphoton absorption. OPTICS LETTERS 1996; 21:1090-2. [PMID: 19876262 DOI: 10.1364/ol.21.001090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report on cell damage of single cells confined in continuous-wave (cw), near-infrared (NIR) multimode optical traps as a result of multiphoton absorption phenomena. Trapping beams at NIR wavelengths less than 800 nm are capable of damaging cells through a two-photon absorption process. Cell damage is more pronounced in multimode cw traps compared with single-frequency true cw NIR traps because of transient power enhancement by longitudinal mode beating. Partial mode locking in tunable cw Ti:sapphire lasers used as trapping beam sources can produce unstable subnanosecond pulses at certain wavelengths that amplify multiphoton absorption effects significantly. We recommend the use of single-frequency long-wavelength NIR trapping beams for optical micromanipulation of vital cells.
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Clement-Sengewald A, Schütze K, Ashkin A, Palma GA, Kerlen G, Brem G. Fertilization of bovine oocytes induced solely with combined laser microbeam and optical tweezers. J Assist Reprod Genet 1996; 13:259-65. [PMID: 8852890 DOI: 10.1007/bf02065947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our purpose was to show that fertilization of oocytes can be obtained solely by laser light-mediated manipulation of gametes. METHOD A small channel was drilled into the zona pellucida of bovine oocytes using an ultraviolet (UV)-laser microbeam. Highly diluted cattle sperm were not able to fertilize the laser drilled oocytes. RESULTS Fertilization was achieved only when three to five cattle sperm were trapped with optical tweezers and inserted directly through the laser drilled hole into the perivitelline space. After 20 hr, 3 of 79 (3.8%) oocytes revealed two pronuclei and a sperm tail within their cytoplasm. Cattle sperm are difficult to catch. Therefore, the gametes had to remain for about 20 min in room atmosphere, which might be the reason for the low fertilization results. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that a combined UV-laser microbeam and optical tweezers trap can be used successfully for "noncontact" microinsemination procedures.
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Rink K, Delacrétaz G, Salathé RP, Senn A, Nocera D, Germond M, De Grandi P, Fakan S. Non-contact microdrilling of mouse zona pellucida with an objective-delivered 1.48-microns diode laser. Lasers Surg Med 1996; 18:52-62. [PMID: 8850466 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9101(1996)18:1<52::aid-lsm7>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A non-touch laser-induced microdrilling procedure is studied on mouse zona pellucida (ZP). STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS A 1.48-microns diode laser beam is focused in a 8-microns spot through a 45x objective of an inverted microscope. Mouse zygotes, suspended in a culture medium, are microdrilled by exposing their ZP to a short laser irradiation and allowed to develop in vitro. RESULTS Various sharp-edged holes can be generated in the ZP with a single laser irradiation. Sizes can be varied by changing irradiation time (3-100 ms) or laser power (22-55 mW). Drilled zygotes present no signs of thermal damage under light and scanning electron microscopy and develop as expected in vitro, except for a distinct eight-shaped hatching behavior. CONCLUSION The microdrilling procedure can generate standardized holes in mouse ZP, without any visible side effects. The hole formation can be explained by a local photothermolysis of the protein matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rink
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abstract
Still almost unbelievable, but true: light exerts force. With these forces it is indeed possible to catch and move cells or small particles and microsurgically to process them without any mechanical contact. As if by magic, objects are moved via focused laser light.
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