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Eya'ane Meva F, Prior TJ, Evans DJ, Shah S, Cespedes O. Iron(III), cobalt(II) and zinc(II) coordination compounds with a carboximidamide ligand: Synthesis, structures and properties. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ohui K, Stepanenko I, Besleaga I, Babak MV, Stafi R, Darvasiova D, Giester G, Pósa V, Enyedy EA, Vegh D, Rapta P, Ang WH, Popović-Bijelić A, Arion VB. Triapine Derivatives Act as Copper Delivery Vehicles to Induce Deadly Metal Overload in Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091336. [PMID: 32961653 PMCID: PMC7564244 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiosemicarbazones continue to attract the interest of researchers as potential anticancer drugs. For example, 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone, or triapine, is the most well-known representative of this class of compounds that has entered multiple phase I and II clinical trials. Two new triapine derivatives HL1 and HL2 were prepared by condensation reactions of 2-pyridinamidrazone and S-methylisothiosemicarbazidium chloride with 3-N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl) amino-pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde, followed by a Boc-deprotection procedure. Subsequent reaction of HL1 and HL2 with CuCl2·2H2O in 1:1 molar ratio in methanol produced the complexes [CuII(HL1)Cl2]·H2O (1·H2O) and [CuII(HL2)Cl2] (2). The reaction of HL2 with Fe(NO3)3∙9H2O in 2:1 molar ratio in the presence of triethylamine afforded the complex [FeIII(L2)2]NO3∙0.75H2O (3∙0.75H2O), in which the isothiosemicarbazone acts as a tridentate monoanionic ligand. The crystal structures of HL1, HL2 and metal complexes 1 and 2 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The UV-Vis and EPR spectroelectrochemical measurements revealed that complexes 1 and 2 underwent irreversible reduction of Cu(II) with subsequent ligand release, while 3 showed an almost reversible electrochemical reduction in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Aqueous solution behaviour of HL1 and 1, as well as of HL2 and its complex 2, was monitored as well. Complexes 1−3 were tested against ovarian carcinoma cells, as well as noncancerous embryonic kidney cells, in comparison to respective free ligands, triapine and cisplatin. While the free ligands HL1 and HL2 were devoid of antiproliferative activity, their respective metal complexes showed remarkable antiproliferative activity in a micromolar concentration range. The activity was not related to the inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) R2 protein, but rather to cancer cell homeostasis disturbance—leading to the disruption of cancer cell signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Ohui
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.O.); (I.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Iryna Stepanenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.O.); (I.B.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (V.B.A.)
| | - Iuliana Besleaga
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.O.); (I.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Maria V. Babak
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore;
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Radu Stafi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.O.); (I.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Denisa Darvasiova
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.D.); (P.R.)
| | - Gerald Giester
- Department of Mineralogy and Crystallography, University of Vienna, Althan Strasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Vivien Pósa
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (V.P.); (E.A.E.)
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eva A. Enyedy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (V.P.); (E.A.E.)
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Daniel Vegh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.D.); (P.R.)
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore;
| | - Ana Popović-Bijelić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Vladimir B. Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.O.); (I.B.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (V.B.A.)
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Ohui K, Babak MV, Darvasiova D, Roller A, Vegh D, Rapta P, Guan GRS, Ou YH, Pastorin G, Arion VB. Redox-Active Organoruthenium(II)– and Organoosmium(II)–Copper(II) Complexes, with an Amidrazone–Morpholine Hybrid and [Cu ICl 2] − as Counteranion and Their Antiproliferative Activity. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Ohui
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria V. Babak
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore
- Drug Development Unit, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, 117546, Singapore
| | - Denisa Darvasiova
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak Technical University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Alexander Roller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Vegh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Slovak Technical University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak Technical University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Grace Rui Shi Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore
| | - Yi Hsuan Ou
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore
| | - Giorgia Pastorin
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore
| | - Vladimir B. Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Wehbe M, Leung AWY, Abrams MJ, Orvig C, Bally MB. A Perspective - can copper complexes be developed as a novel class of therapeutics? Dalton Trans 2018; 46:10758-10773. [PMID: 28702645 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01955f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although copper-ligand complexes appear to be promising as a new class of therapeutics, other than the family of copper(ii) coordination compounds referred to as casiopeínas these compounds have yet to reach the clinic for human use. The pharmaceutical challenges associated with developing copper-based therapeutics will be presented in this article along with a discussion of the potential for high-throughput chemistry, computer-aided drug design, and nanotechnology to address the development of this important class of drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Wehbe
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
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Abu Ali H, Kamel S, Abu Shamma A. Novel structures of Zn(II) biometal cation with the biologically active substituted acetic acid and nitrogen donor ligands: Synthesis, spectral, phosphate diester catalytic hydrolysis and anti-microbial studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hijazi Abu Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Birzeit University; West Bank Palestine
| | - Shayma Kamel
- Department of Chemistry; Birzeit University; West Bank Palestine
| | - Amani Abu Shamma
- Department of Chemistry; Birzeit University; West Bank Palestine
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Nithya P, Simpson J, Govindarajan S. Template synthesis, structural variation, thermal behavior and antimicrobial screening of Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes of Schiff base ligands derived from benzyl carbazate and three isomers of acetylpyridine. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kalinowska-Lis U, Szabłowska-Gadomska I, Lisowska K, Ochocki J, Małecki M, Felczak A. Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Properties of Copper(II) Complexes of Pyridine and Benzimidazole Derivatives. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201700115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Kalinowska-Lis
- Department of Cosmetic Raw Materials Chemistry; Medical University of Lodz; Muszyńskiego 1 90-151 Łódź Poland
| | - Ilona Szabłowska-Gadomska
- Department of Applied Pharmacy and Bioengineering; Medical University of Warsaw; Banacha 1 02-097 Warsaw Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lisowska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology; Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection; University of Lodz; 12/16 Banacha Street 90-237 Łódź Poland
| | - Justyn Ochocki
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry; Medical University of Lodz; Muszyńskiego 1 90-151 Łódź Poland
| | - Maciej Małecki
- Department of Applied Pharmacy and Bioengineering; Medical University of Warsaw; Banacha 1 02-097 Warsaw Poland
| | - Aleksandra Felczak
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology; Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection; University of Lodz; 12/16 Banacha Street 90-237 Łódź Poland
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Eya’ane Meva F, Prior TJ, Evans DJ, Mang ER. Crystal structures of N'-amino-pyridine-2-carboximidamide and N'-{[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl-idene]amino}-pyridine-2-carboximidamide. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2017; 73:1021-1025. [PMID: 28775873 PMCID: PMC5499281 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989017008416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structures of N'-amino-pyridine-2-carboximidamide (C6H8N4), 1, and N'-{[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl-idene]amino}-pyridine-2-carboximidamide (C13H13N5), 2, are described. The non-H atoms in compound 1 are nearly planar (r.m.s. deviation from planarity = 0.0108 Å), while 2 is twisted about the central N-N bond by 17.8 (2)°. Both mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen-bonding inter-actions; 1 forms a two-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network and for 2 the network is a one-dimensional chain. The bond lengths of these mol-ecules are similar to those in other literature reports of azine and di-imine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Eya’ane Meva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, PO Box 2701, Cameroon
| | - Timothy John Prior
- Chemistry, School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, England
| | - David John Evans
- Chemistry, School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, England
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Bonnett SA, Ollinger J, Chandrasekera S, Florio S, O’Malley T, Files M, Jee JA, Ahn J, Casey A, Ovechkina Y, Roberts D, Korkegian A, Parish T. A Target-Based Whole Cell Screen Approach To Identify Potential Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Signal Peptidase. ACS Infect Dis 2016; 2:893-902. [PMID: 27642770 PMCID: PMC5215716 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The general secretion (Sec) pathway is a conserved essential pathway in bacteria and is the primary route of protein export across the cytoplasmic membrane. During protein export, the signal peptidase LepB catalyzes the cleavage of the signal peptide and subsequent release of mature proteins into the extracellular space. We developed a target-based whole cell assay to screen for potential inhibitors of LepB, the sole signal peptidase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, using a strain engineered to underexpress LepB (LepB-UE). We screened 72,000 compounds against both the Lep-UE and wild-type (wt) strains. We identified the phenylhydrazone (PHY) series as having higher activity against the LepB-UE strain. We conducted a limited structure-activity relationship determination around a representative PHY compound with differential activity (MICs of 3.0 μM against the LepB-UE strain and 18 μM against the wt); several analogues were less potent against the LepB overexpressing strain. A number of chemical modifications around the hydrazone moiety resulted in improved potency. Inhibition of LepB activity was observed for a number of compounds in a biochemical assay using cell membrane fraction derived from M. tuberculosis. Compounds did not increase cell permeability, dissipate membrane potential, or inhibit an unrelated mycobacterial enzyme, suggesting a specific mode of action related to the LepB secretory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilah A. Bonnett
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Juliane Ollinger
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Susantha Chandrasekera
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Stephanie Florio
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Theresa O’Malley
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Megan Files
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Jo-Ann Jee
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - James Ahn
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Allen Casey
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Yulia Ovechkina
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - David Roberts
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Aaron Korkegian
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Tanya Parish
- TB Discovery
Research, Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite
400, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
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Kaur G, Abramovich LA, Gazit E, Verma S. Ultrastructure of metallopeptide-based soft spherical morphologies. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10532j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-mediated modification of soft spherical assemblies is reportedviaintroduction of a coordinating linker for FF dipeptide. Single crystal data, microscopy and reversal of soft structure coalescence is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry
- DST Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication
- Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Lihi A. Abramovich
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv-69978, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv-69978, Israel
| | - Sandeep Verma
- Department of Chemistry
- DST Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication
- Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
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Iakovidis I, Delimaris I, Piperakis SM. Copper and its complexes in medicine: a biochemical approach. Mol Biol Int 2011; 2011:594529. [PMID: 22091409 PMCID: PMC3195324 DOI: 10.4061/2011/594529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental role of copper and the recognition of its complexes as important bioactive compounds in vitro and in vivo aroused an ever-increasing interest in these agents as potential drugs for therapeutic intervention in various diseases. The vast array of information available for their bioinorganic properties and mode of action in several biological systems, combined with the new opportunities offered by the flourishing technologies of medicinal chemistry, is creating an exciting scenario for the development of a novel generation of highly active drugs with minimized side effects which could add significantly to the current clinical research and practice. In this paper we attempt to summarize all the available-to-date information on these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidoros Iakovidis
- Department of Physics Chemistry & Materials Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, 12210 Athens, Greece
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El-Boraey HA, Emam SM, Tolan DA, El-Nahas AM. Structural studies and anticancer activity of a novel (N6O4) macrocyclic ligand and its Cu(II) complexes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 78:360-370. [PMID: 21081283 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel (N6O4) macrocyclic ligand (L) and its Cu(II) complexes have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, spectral, thermal (TG/DTG), magnetic, and conductivity measurements. Quantum chemical calculations have also been carried out at B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) to study the structure of the ligand and one of its complexes. The results show a novel macrocyclic ligand with potential amide oxygen atom, amide and amine nitrogen atoms available for coordination. Distorted square pyramidal ([Cu(L)Cl]Cl·2.5H2O (1), [Cu(L)NO3]NO(3)·3.5H2O (2), and [Cu(L)Br]Br·3H2O (4) and octahedral ([Cu(L)(OAc)2]·5H2O (3)) geometries were proposed. The EPR data of 1, 2, and 4 indicate d1x2(-y)2 ground state of Cu(II) ion with a considerable exchange interaction. The measured cytotoxicity for L and its complexes (1, 2) against three tumor cell lines showed that coordination improves the antitumor activity of the ligand; IC50 for breast cancer cells are ≈8.5, 3, and 4 μg/mL for L and complexes (1) and (2), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa A El-Boraey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
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Mooibroek TJ, Aromí G, Quesada M, Roubeau O, Gamez P, DeBeer George S, van Slageren J, Yasin S, Ruiz E, Reedijk J. A mixed-valent pentanuclear Cu(II)(4)Cu(I) compound containing a radical-anion ligand. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:10643-51. [PMID: 19817402 DOI: 10.1021/ic901337r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of 2,4-(2,2'-dipyridylamino)-6-(2-pyridylhydrazino)-1,3,5-triazine, abbreviated dppht (5), with copper(II) chloride in methanol yields a mixed-valent Cu(II)(4)Cu(I) compound (6), also involving the presence of a radical anion. The single-crystal structure determination for [Cu(5)(5(M))(5(MR))Cl(8)] (6) reveals that the original dppht ligand (5) has been monochlorinated at one of its pyridine rings and oxidized at its hydrazyl moiety, generating the ligand 2,4-(2,2'-dipyridylamino)-6-(2-(5-chloropyridyl)azo)-1,3,5-triazine (5(M)). Moreover, the molecular structure of 6 indicates that one of the two coordinated ligands 5(M) is in a radical-anion state, symbolized as 5(MR), characterized by a typical N-N bond length of about 1.33 A for a one-electron reduced azo group. The nature of this unique [Cu(II)(4)Cu(I)(radical)] assembly is corroborated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Density-functional theory calculations are consistent with the unprecedented structural features and support the spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiddo J Mooibroek
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Gokhale NH, Padhye SB, Billington DC, Rathbone DL, Croft SL, Kendrick HD, Anson CE, Powell AK. Synthesis and characterization of copper(II) complexes of pyridine-2-carboxamidrazones as potent antimalarial agents. Inorganica Chim Acta 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(03)00047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bonacorso HG, Lang ES, Lewandowski H, Martins MA, Peppe C, Zanatta N. Preparation and crystal structure determination of adducts of copper(II) chloride with 3-aryl-1-(imino-pyridin-2-yl-methyl)-5-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1387-7003(03)00073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Sandbhor U, Padhye S, Billington D, Rathbone D, Franzblau S, Anson CE, Powell AK. Metal complexes of carboxamidrazone analogs as antitubercular agents. 1. Synthesis, X-ray crystal-structures, spectroscopic properties and antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv. J Inorg Biochem 2002; 90:127-36. [PMID: 12031804 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(02)00406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
N(1)-Benzylidene-pyridine carboxamidrazones and their metal conjugates have emerged as a new class of potential antimycobacterial agents. Nine such carboxamidrazone analogs (L(1)-L(9)) along with their Cu(II) (MC(1)-MC(9)) and Fe(III) (MC(10)-MC(18)) complexes were synthesized. Single crystal X-ray structures of copper complexes MC(1) and MC(5) were determined which suggest slightly distorted square planer geometries for copper complexes and octahedral geometries for ferric compounds. All compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv. The results show 32-64-fold enhancement in antitubercular activity upon copper complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Sandbhor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune 411 007, India
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Abstract
Metal ions play an important role in biological systems, and without their catalytic presence in trace or ultratrace amounts many essential co-factors for many biochemical reactions would not take place. However, they become toxic to cells when their concentrations surpass certain optimal (natural) levels. Copper is an essential metal. Catalytic copper, because of its mobilization and redox activity, is believed to play a central role in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as O2-* and *OH radicals, that bind very fast to DNA, and produce damage by breaking the DNA strands or modifying the bases and/or deoxyribose leading to carcinogenesis. The chemistry and biochemistry of copper is briefly accounted together with its involvement in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Theophanides
- International Anticancer Research Institute, 1st km Kapadriti-Kalamou Rd., P.O. Box 22, Kapandriti, Attiki 19014, Greece.
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