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Liu HZ, Song XQ, Zhang H. Sugar-coated bullets: Unveiling the enigmatic mystery 'sweet arsenal' in osteoarthritis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27624. [PMID: 38496870 PMCID: PMC10944269 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a crucial post-translational modification process where sugar molecules (glycans) are covalently linked to proteins, lipids, or other biomolecules. In this highly regulated and complex process, a series of enzymes are involved in adding, modifying, or removing sugar residues. This process plays a pivotal role in various biological functions, influencing the structure, stability, and functionality of the modified molecules. Glycosylation is essential in numerous biological processes, including cell adhesion, signal transduction, immune response, and biomolecular recognition. Dysregulation of glycosylation is associated with various diseases. Glycation, a post-translational modification characterized by the non-enzymatic attachment of sugar molecules to proteins, has also emerged as a crucial factor in various diseases. This review comprehensively explores the multifaceted role of glycation in disease pathogenesis, with a specific focus on its implications in osteoarthritis (OA). Glycosylation and glycation alterations wield a profound influence on OA pathogenesis, intertwining with disease onset and progression. Diverse studies underscore the multifaceted role of aberrant glycosylation in OA, particularly emphasizing its intricate relationship with joint tissue degradation and inflammatory cascades. Distinct glycosylation patterns, including N-glycans and O-glycans, showcase correlations with inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and cellular senescence pathways, amplifying the degenerative processes within cartilage. Furthermore, the impact of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation in OA pathophysiology unveils critical insights into glycosylation-driven chondrocyte behavior and extracellular matrix remodeling. These findings illuminate potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers, signaling a promising avenue for targeted interventions in OA management. In this comprehensive review, we aim to thoroughly examine the significant impact of glycosylation or AGEs in OA and explore its varied effects on other related conditions, such as liver-related diseases, immune system disorders, and cancers, among others. By emphasizing glycosylation's role beyond OA and its implications in other diseases, we uncover insights that extend beyond the immediate focus on OA, potentially revealing novel perspectives for diagnosing and treating OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-zhi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-qiu Song
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Trbojević-Akmačić I, Vučković F, Pribić T, Vilaj M, Černigoj U, Vidič J, Šimunović J, Kępka A, Kolčić I, Klarić L, Novokmet M, Pučić-Baković M, Rapp E, Štrancar A, Polašek O, Wilson JF, Lauc G. Comparative analysis of transferrin and IgG N-glycosylation in two human populations. Commun Biol 2023; 6:312. [PMID: 36959410 PMCID: PMC10036557 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human plasma transferrin (Tf) N-glycosylation has been mostly studied as a marker for congenital disorders of glycosylation, alcohol abuse, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, inter-individual variability of Tf N-glycosylation is not known, mainly due to technical limitations of Tf isolation in large-scale studies. Here, we present a highly specific robust high-throughput approach for Tf purification from human blood plasma and detailed characterization of Tf N-glycosylation on the level of released glycans by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography based on hydrophilic interactions and fluorescence detection (HILIC-UHPLC-FLD), exoglycosidase sequencing, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). We perform a large-scale comparative study of Tf and immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation analysis in two human populations and demonstrate that Tf N-glycosylation is associated with age and sex, along with multiple biochemical and physiological traits. Observed association patterns differ compared to the IgG N-glycome corroborating tissue-specific N-glycosylation and specific N-glycans' role in their distinct physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tea Pribić
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Vilaj
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Urh Černigoj
- BIA Separations d.o.o., a Sartorius company, Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Jana Vidič
- BIA Separations d.o.o., a Sartorius company, Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | | | - Agnieszka Kępka
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Klarić
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Erdmann Rapp
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
- glyXera GmbH, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aleš Štrancar
- BIA Separations d.o.o., a Sartorius company, Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - James F Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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3
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Lyman DF, Bell A, Black A, Dingerdissen H, Cauley E, Gogate N, Liu D, Joseph A, Kahsay R, Crichton DJ, Mehta A, Mazumder R. Modeling and integration of N-glycan biomarkers in a comprehensive biomarker data model. Glycobiology 2022; 32:855-870. [PMID: 35925813 PMCID: PMC9487899 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular biomarkers measure discrete components of biological processes that can contribute to disorders when impaired. Great interest exists in discovering early cancer biomarkers to improve outcomes. Biomarkers represented in a standardized data model, integrated with multi-omics data, may improve understanding and use of novel biomarkers such as glycans and glycoconjugates. Among altered components in tumorigenesis, N-glycans exhibit substantial biomarker potential, when analyzed with their protein carriers. However, such data are distributed across publications and databases of diverse formats, which hampers their use in research and clinical application. Mass spectrometry measures of fifty N-glycans, on seven serum proteins in liver disease, were integrated (as a panel) into a cancer biomarker data model, providing a unique identifier, standard nomenclature, links to glycan resources, and accession and ontology annotations to standard protein, gene, disease, and biomarker information. Data provenance was documented with a standardized FDA-supported BioCompute Object. Using the biomarker data model allows capture of granular information, such as glycans with different levels of abundance in cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and transplant groups. Such representation in a standardized data model harmonizes glycomics data in a unified framework, making glycan-protein biomarker data exploration more available to investigators and to other data resources. The biomarker data model we describe can be used by researchers to describe their novel glycan and glycoconjugate biomarkers, can integrate N-glycan biomarker data with multi-source biomedical data, and can foster discovery and insight within a unified data framework for glycan biomarker representation thereby making the data FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) (https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Lyman
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America
| | - Amanda Bell
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America
| | - Alyson Black
- The Department of Cell & Molecular Pharmacology, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29403, United States of America
| | - Hayley Dingerdissen
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America
| | - Edmund Cauley
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America.,The McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America
| | - Nikhita Gogate
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America
| | - David Liu
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109, United States of America
| | - Ashia Joseph
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America
| | - Robel Kahsay
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America
| | - Daniel J Crichton
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109, United States of America
| | - Anand Mehta
- The Department of Cell & Molecular Pharmacology, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29403, United States of America
| | - Raja Mazumder
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America.,The McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, United States of America
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4
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OUP accepted manuscript. Glycobiology 2022; 32:380-390. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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5
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A
Phaseolus vulgaris
Leukoagglutinin Biosensor as a Selective Device for the Detection of Cancer‐associated
N
‐glycans with Increased β1→6 Branching. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Fuertes-Martín R, Correig X, Vallvé JC, Amigó N. Title: Human Serum/Plasma Glycoprotein Analysis by 1H-NMR, an Emerging Method of Inflammatory Assessment. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E354. [PMID: 32012794 PMCID: PMC7073769 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies suggest that variations in the concentration of plasma glycoproteins can influence cellular changes in a large number of diseases. In recent years, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) has played a major role as an analytical tool for serum and plasma samples. In recent years, there is an increasing interest in the characterization of glycoproteins through 1H-NMR in order to search for reliable and robust biomarkers of disease. The objective of this review was to examine the existing studies in the literature related to the study of glycoproteins from an analytical and clinical point of view. There are currently several techniques to characterize circulating glycoproteins in serum or plasma, but in this review, we focus on 1H-NMR due to its great robustness and recent interest in its translation to the clinical setting. In fact, there is already a marker in H-NMR representing the acetyl groups of the glycoproteins, GlycA, which has been increasingly studied in clinical studies. A broad search of the literature was performed showing a general consensus that GlycA is a robust marker of systemic inflammation. The results also suggested that GlycA better captures systemic inflammation even more than C-reactive protein (CRP), a widely used classical inflammatory marker. The applications reviewed here demonstrated that GlycA was potentially a key biomarker in a wide range of diseases such as cancer, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular risk, and chronic inflammatory diseases among others. The profiling of glycoproteins through 1H-NMR launches an encouraging new paradigm for its future incorporation in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Fuertes-Martín
- Biosfer Teslab SL, 43201 Reus, Spain; (R.F.-M.); (N.A.)
- Metabolomic s platform, IISPV, CIBERDEM, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xavier Correig
- Metabolomic s platform, IISPV, CIBERDEM, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan-Carles Vallvé
- Metabolomic s platform, IISPV, CIBERDEM, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Lipids and Arteriosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Núria Amigó
- Biosfer Teslab SL, 43201 Reus, Spain; (R.F.-M.); (N.A.)
- Metabolomic s platform, IISPV, CIBERDEM, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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7
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The diagnostic value of serum DSA-TRF in hepatocellular carcinoma. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:231-240. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Quaranta A, Spasova M, Passarini E, Karlsson I, Ndreu L, Thorsén G, Ilag LL. N-Glycosylation profiling of intact target proteins by high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and glycan analysis using ion mobility-MS/MS. Analyst 2020; 145:1737-1748. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02081k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation characterization could lead to the discovery of biomarkers and is crucial in quality control of biopharmaceuticals. Here we present a method to quantify glycoforms on intact proteins, with parallel glycan identification by IMS-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Quaranta
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Maya Spasova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Elena Passarini
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Isabella Karlsson
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Lorena Ndreu
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Gunnar Thorsén
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute
- 11428 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Leopold L. Ilag
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
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9
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Discovery of Serotransferrin Glycoforms: Novel Markers for Diagnosis of Liver Periductal Fibrosis and Prediction of Cholangiocarcinoma. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9100538. [PMID: 31569686 PMCID: PMC6843847 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) caused by chronic liver fluke infection is a major public health problem in Northeast Thailand. Identification of CCA risk groups is urgently needed for the control of CCA in this region. Periductal fibrosis (PDF) induced by chronic inflammation of bile ducts is known as a pre-neoplastic lesion of CCA. We aimed to identify the serum CCA and PDF biomarkers using mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QqQ) with multiple reaction mode (MRM) analysis. Here, serum levels of serotransferrin glycoforms at the glycopeptide level were measured in the sera of CCA (n = 100), PDF (n = 50), and healthy control (n = 100) subjects. The results indicated that serotransferrin peptide levels were generally the same between the control and PDF groups, whereas CCA patients had reduced levels. Moreover, 56 serotransferrin glycoforms were detected, with nine increased in CCA compared to control subjects. Among them, the serum levels of four glycoforms were increased in PDF and CCA patients compared to control subjects. In particular, highly sialylated multi-branched glycans of serotransferrin serum were significantly correlated with poor prognosis and tumor stage in CCA patients. Taken together, these glycoforms could be used as risk biomarkers and prognosis and diagnosis markers of CCA.
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10
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Ascites from Ovarian Cancer Induces Novel Fucosylated Proteins. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2019; 12:181-195. [PMID: 31267484 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-019-00227-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is considered to be the most lethal type of gynecological cancer. During the advanced stages of ovarian cancer, an accumulation of ascites is observed. Fucosylation has been classified as an abnormal post-translational modification that is present in many diseases, including ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer cells that are cultured with ascites stimulation change their morphology; concomitantly, the fucosylation process is altered. However, it is not known which fucosylated proteins are modified. The goal of this work was to identify the differentially fucosylated proteins that are expressed by ovarian cancer cell lines that are cultured with ovarian cancer patients' ascites. Aleuria aurantia lectin was used to detect fucosylation, and some changes were observed, especially in the cell membrane. Affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) were used to identify 6 fucosylated proteins. Four proteins (Intermediate filament family orphan 1 [IFFO1], PHD finger protein 20-like protein 1 [PHF20L1], immunoglobulin gamma 1 heavy chain variable region partial [IGHV1-2], and Zinc finger protein 224 [ZNF224]) were obtained from cell cultures stimulated with ascites, and the other two proteins (Peregrin [BRPF1] and Dystrobrevin alpha [DTNA]) were obtained under normal culture conditions. The fucosylated state of some of these proteins was further analyzed. The experimental results show that the ascites of ovarian cancer patients modulated the fucosylation process. The PHD finger protein 20-like protein 1, Zinc finger protein 224 and Peregrin proteins colocalize with fucosylation at different levels.
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11
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Veronesi A, Cariani E, Trenti T, Rota C. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin: utility of HPLC in handling atypical samples uninterpretable by capillary electrophoresis. Alcohol Alcohol 2019; 54:510-515. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HPLC retesting allowed to resolve about half of the most common CDT patterns uninterpretable by CE. The usefulness of this approach should be evaluated in the specific context of each laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Veronesi
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Advanced Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino-Estense, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Cariani
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Advanced Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino-Estense, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Trenti
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Advanced Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino-Estense, Modena, Italy
| | - Cristina Rota
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Advanced Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino-Estense, Modena, Italy
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12
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Abstract
Even if a consensus sequence has been identified for a posttranslational modification, the presence of such a sequence motif only indicates the possibility, not the certainty that the modification actually occurs. Proteins can be glycosylated on certain amino acid side chains, and these modifications are designated as C-, N-, and O-glycosylation. C-mannosylation occurs on Trp residues within a relatively loosely defined consensus motif. N-glycosylated species are modified at Asn residues of Asn-Xxx-Ser/Thr/Cys sequons (where Xxx can be any amino acid except proline). N-linked oligosaccharides share a common core structure of GlcNAc2Man3. In addition, an enzyme, peptide N-glycosidase F (PNGase F), removes most of the common N-linked carbohydrates unaltered from proteins while hydrolyzing the originally glycosylated Asn residue to Asp. O-glycosylation occurs at Ser, Thr, and Tyr residues, usually in sequence stretches rich in hydroxy-amino acids. O-glycosylation lacks a common core structure. Mammalian proteins have been reported bearing O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose, glucose, xylose, mannose, and corresponding elongated structures, as well as N-acetylglucosamine. Chemical methods are used to liberate these oligosaccharides because no enzyme would remove all the different O-linked carbohydrates. Characterization of both N- and O-glycosylation is complicated by the fact that the same positions within a population of protein molecules may feature an array of different carbohydrate structures, or remain unmodified. This site-specific heterogeneity may vary by species and tissue, and may also be affected by physiological changes. For addressing site-specific carbohydrate heterogeneity mass spectrometry has become the method of choice. Reversed-phase HPLC directly coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) offers the best solution. Using a mass spectrometer as online detector not only assures the analysis of every component eluting (mass mapping), but also at the same time diagnostic carbohydrate ions can be generated by collisional activation that permits the selective and specific detection of glycopeptides. In addition, ESI-compatible alternative MS/MS techniques, electron-capture and electron-transfer dissociation, aid glycopeptide identification as well as modification site assignments.
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13
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Ma J, Sanda M, Wei R, Zhang L, Goldman R. Quantitative analysis of core fucosylation of serum proteins in liver diseases by LC-MS-MRM. J Proteomics 2018; 189:67-74. [PMID: 29427759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant core fucosylation of proteins has been linked to liver diseases. In this study, we carried out multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) quantification of core fucosylated N-glycopeptides of serum proteins partially deglycosylated by a combination of endoglycosidases (endoF1, endoF2, and endoF3). To minimize variability associated with the preparatory steps, the analysis was performed without enrichment of glycopeptides or fractionation of serum besides the nanoRP chromatography. Specifically, we quantified core fucosylation of 22 N-glycopeptides derived from 17 proteins together with protein abundance of these glycoproteins in a cohort of 45 participants (15 disease-free control, 15 fibrosis and 15 cirrhosis patients) using a multiplex nanoUPLC-MS-MRM workflow. We find increased core fucosylation of 5 glycopeptides at the stage of liver fibrosis (i.e., N630 of serotransferrin, N107 of alpha-1-antitrypsin, N253 of plasma protease C1 inhibitor, N397 of ceruloplasmin, and N86 of vitronectin), increase of additional 6 glycopeptides at the stage of cirrhosis (i.e., N138 and N762 of ceruloplasmin, N354 of clusterin, N187 of hemopexin, N71 of immunoglobulin J chain, and N127 of lumican), while the degree of core fucosylation of 10 glycopeptides did not change. Interestingly, although we observe an increase in the core fucosylation at N86 of vitronectin in liver fibrosis, core fucosylation decreases on the N169 glycopeptide of the same protein. Our results demonstrate that the changes in core fucosylation are protein and site specific during the progression of fibrotic liver disease and independent of the changes in the quantity of N-glycoproteins. It is expected that the fully optimized multiplex LC-MS-MRM assay of core fucosylated glycopeptides will be useful for the serologic assessment of the fibrosis of liver. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: We have quantified the difference in core fucosylation among three comparison groups (healthy control, fibrosis and cirrhosis patients) using a sensitive and selective LC-MS-MRM method. Despite an overall increase in core fucosylation of many of the glycoproteins that we examined, core fucosylation changed in a protein- and site-specific manner. Moreover, increased and decreased fucosylation was observed on different N-glycopeptides of the same protein. Altered core fucosylation of N-glycopeptides might be used as an alternative serologic assay for the evaluation of fibrotic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Ma
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Miloslav Sanda
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Renhuizi Wei
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Radoslav Goldman
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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14
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Shang Y, Zeng Y. Focused Glycomic Profiling With an Integrated Microfluidic Lectin Barcode System. Methods Enzymol 2018; 598:169-196. [PMID: 29306434 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is one of the key processes that play essential roles in biological functions and dysfunctions. However, progress in glycomics has considerably lagged behind genomics and proteomics, due in part to the enormous challenges associated with the analysis of glycans. Here we present a new integrated and automated microfluidic lectin barcode platform to substantially improve the performance of lectin array for focused glycomic profiling. The chip design and flow control were optimized to promote the lectin-glycan binding kinetics and the speed of lectin microarrays. Moreover, we established an on-chip lectin assay which employs a very simple blocking method to effectively suppress the undesired background due to lectin binding of antibodies. Using this technology, we demonstrated focused differential profiling of tissue-specific glycosylation changes of a biomarker, the CA125 protein purified from ovarian cancer cell lines, and different tissues from ovarian cancer patients in a fast, reproducible, and high-throughput fashion. Highly sensitive CA125 detection was also demonstrated with a detection limit much lower than the clinical cutoff value for cancer diagnosis. This microfluidic platform holds the potential to integrate with sample preparation functions to construct a fully integrated "sample-to-answer" microsystem for focused differential glycomic analysis. Thus, our technology should present a powerful tool in support of rapid advance in glycobiology and glycobiomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Shang
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Yong Zeng
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States; The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
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15
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Zhang S, Cao X, Gao Q, Liu Y. Protein glycosylation in viral hepatitis-related HCC: Characterization of heterogeneity, biological roles, and clinical implications. Cancer Lett 2017; 406:64-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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He D, Wang D, Shi X, Quan W, Xiong R, Yu CY, Huang H. Simultaneous fluorescence analysis of the different carbohydrates expressed on living cell surfaces using functionalized quantum dots. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27612a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant expression of carbohydrates has been associated with the occurrence, growth, progression and metastasis of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiu He
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology
- University of South China
- Hengyang
- China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study
| | - Danxia Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology
- University of South China
- Hengyang
- China
| | - Xiaoxin Shi
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study
- Hengyang
- China
| | - Wenjie Quan
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study
- Hengyang
- China
| | - Runde Xiong
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study
- Hengyang
- China
| | - Cui-yun Yu
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology
- University of South China
- Hengyang
- China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study
| | - Honglin Huang
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology
- University of South China
- Hengyang
- China
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17
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Yamazaki Y, Sezukuri K, Takada J, Kimura S, Ohmae M. A Novel Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Sulfated Type 2 Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Antigens by Transglycosylation of Sulfated Lewis X Oxazoline Catalyzed by Keratanase II. Chembiochem 2016; 17:1879-1886. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yamazaki
- Department of Material Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto-daigaku-katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Kyohei Sezukuri
- Department of Material Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto-daigaku-katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Junko Takada
- Department of Material Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto-daigaku-katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Shunsaku Kimura
- Department of Material Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto-daigaku-katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Masashi Ohmae
- Department of Material Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto-daigaku-katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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18
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Schrödl W, Büchler R, Wendler S, Reinhold P, Muckova P, Reindl J, Rhode H. Acute phase proteins as promising biomarkers: Perspectives and limitations for human and veterinary medicine. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:1077-1092. [PMID: 27274000 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201600028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute phase proteins (APPs) are highly conserved plasma proteins that are increasingly secreted by the liver in response to a variety of injuries, independently of their location and cause. APPs favor the systemic regulation of defense, coagulation, proteolysis, and tissue repair. Various APPs have been applied as general diagnostic parameters for a long time. Through proteomic techniques, more and more APPs have been discovered to be differentially altered. Since they are not consistently explainable by a stereotypic hepatic expression of sets of APPs, most of these results have unfortunately been neglected or attributed to the nonspecificity of the acute phase reaction. Moreover, it appears that various extrahepatic tissues are also able to express APPs. These extrahepatic APPs show focally specific roles in tissue homeostasis and repair and are released primarily into interstitial and distal fluids. Since these focal proteins might leak into the circulatory system, mixtures of hepatic and extrahepatic APP species can be expected in blood. Hence, a selective alteration of parts of APPs might be expected. There are several hints on multiple molecular forms and fragments of tissue-derived APPs. These differences offer the chance for multiple selective determinations. Thus, specific proteoforms might indeed serve as tissue-specific disease indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieland Schrödl
- Institute of Bacteriology and Mycology, Veterinary Faculty, University Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rita Büchler
- Institute of Biochemistry I, University Hospital Jena, Germany
| | - Sindy Wendler
- Institute of Biochemistry I, University Hospital Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis at 'Friedrich Loeffler Institut', Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Muckova
- Institute of Biochemistry I, University Hospital Jena, Germany.,Clinic of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Germany
| | - Johanna Reindl
- Institute of Biochemistry I, University Hospital Jena, Germany
| | - Heidrun Rhode
- Institute of Biochemistry I, University Hospital Jena, Germany
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19
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Shang Y, Zeng Y, Zeng Y. Integrated Microfluidic Lectin Barcode Platform for High-Performance Focused Glycomic Profiling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20297. [PMID: 26831207 PMCID: PMC4735825 DOI: 10.1038/srep20297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is one of the key processes that play essential roles in biological functions and dysfunctions. However, progress in glycomics has considerably lagged behind genomics and proteomics, due in part to the enormous challenges in analysis of glycans. Here we present a new integrated and automated microfluidic lectin barcode platform to substantially improve the performance of lectin array for focused glycomic profiling. The chip design and flow control were optimized to promote the lectin-glycan binding kinetics and speed of lectin microarray. Moreover, we established an on-chip lectin assay which employs a very simple blocking method to effectively suppress the undesired background due to lectin binding of antibodies. Using this technology, we demonstrated focused differential profiling of tissue-specific glycosylation changes of a biomarker, CA125 protein purified from ovarian cancer cell line and different tissues from ovarian cancer patients in a fast, reproducible, and high-throughput fashion. Highly sensitive CA125 detection was also demonstrated with a detection limit much lower than the clinical cutoff value for cancer diagnosis. This microfluidic platform holds the potential to integrate with sample preparation functions to construct a fully integrated "sample-to-answer" microsystem for focused differential glycomic analysis. Thus, our technology should present a powerful tool in support of rapid advance in glycobiology and glyco-biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Shang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045
| | - Yun Zeng
- College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan 625014, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
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20
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Clerc F, Reiding KR, Jansen BC, Kammeijer GSM, Bondt A, Wuhrer M. Human plasma protein N-glycosylation. Glycoconj J 2015; 33:309-43. [PMID: 26555091 PMCID: PMC4891372 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-015-9626-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most abundant and complex protein modification, and can have a profound structural and functional effect on the conjugate. The oligosaccharide fraction is recognized to be involved in multiple biological processes, and to affect proteins physical properties, and has consequentially been labeled a critical quality attribute of biopharmaceuticals. Additionally, due to recent advances in analytical methods and analysis software, glycosylation is targeted in the search for disease biomarkers for early diagnosis and patient stratification. Biofluids such as saliva, serum or plasma are of great use in this regard, as they are easily accessible and can provide relevant glycosylation information. Thus, as the assessment of protein glycosylation is becoming a major element in clinical and biopharmaceutical research, this review aims to convey the current state of knowledge on the N-glycosylation of the major plasma glycoproteins alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1B-glycoprotein, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, alpha-2-macroglobulin, antithrombin-III, apolipoprotein B-100, apolipoprotein D, apolipoprotein F, beta-2-glycoprotein 1, ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, IgM, haptoglobin, hemopexin, histidine-rich glycoprotein, kininogen-1, serotransferrin, vitronectin, and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein. In addition, the less abundant immunoglobulins D and E are included because of their major relevance in immunology and biopharmaceutical research. Where available, the glycosylation is described in a site-specific manner. In the discussion, we put the glycosylation of individual proteins into perspective and speculate how the individual proteins may contribute to a total plasma N-glycosylation profile determined at the released glycan level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Clerc
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karli R Reiding
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bas C Jansen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Guinevere S M Kammeijer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Bondt
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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21
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Miyahara K, Nouso K, Dohi C, Morimoto Y, Kinugasa H, Wada N, Takeuchi Y, Kuwaki K, Onishi H, Ikeda F, Miyake Y, Nakamura S, Shiraha H, Takaki A, Amano M, Nishimura SI, Yamamoto K. Alteration of N-glycan profiles in patients with chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2015; 45:986-993. [PMID: 25495282 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Most of the modification of N-glycosylation reported in cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were based on the examinations of a small number of patients or particular proteins. The aim of this study is to reveal changes in whole serum N-glycan profiles systematically during the process of hepatocarcinogenesis and to elucidate their clinical application. METHODS We analyzed sera from 105 patients with chronic hepatitis/liver cirrhosis (CH/LC) and age-/sex-matched healthy volunteers (HLT), as well as from 114 patients with HCC. Serum N-glycan profiles were measured comprehensively by a new, quantitative, high-throughput method and compared with clinical parameters. RESULTS The total amount of N-glycan expression was significantly higher in patients with CH/LC than in HLT; however, no differences were observed between CH/LC and HCC patients. In HCC patients, multi-antennary glycans with fucose residues, particularly m/z 3195, were increased compared with CH/LC patients. The expression of m/z 3195 was high, especially in patients with a high number of intrahepatic lesions (>3), large tumor size (>3 cm), macroscopic vascular invasion or metastasis. The ratio of pairs of glycans on the same path of the biosynthesis pathway (m/z 3195/1914) showed a higher area under the receiver-operator curve of 0.810 than any other single glycan to distinguish HCC from CH/LC. CONCLUSION We demonstrate the full spectrum of the alterations of serum N-glycans comprehensively in patients with liver disease, and elucidate the possible use of glycans as novel biomarkers of liver disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Miyahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Molecular Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chihiro Dohi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Morimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kinugasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nozomu Wada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuto Takeuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenji Kuwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideki Onishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Molecular Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Fusao Ikeda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Molecular Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miyake
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidenori Shiraha
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akinobu Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Maho Amano
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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22
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Kaya T, Kaneko T, Kojima S, Nakamura Y, Ide Y, Ishida K, Suda Y, Yamashita K. High-sensitivity immunoassay with surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy using a plastic sensor chip: application to quantitative analysis of total prostate-specific antigen and GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc-linked prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer diagnosis. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1797-803. [PMID: 25546230 DOI: 10.1021/ac503735e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A high-sensitivity immunoassay system with surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectrometry (SPFS) was constructed using a plastic sensor chip and then applied to the detection of total prostate-specific antigen (total PSA) and GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc-linked prostate-specific antigen (LacdiNAc-PSA) in serum, to discriminate between prostate cancer (PC) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). By using this automated SPFS immunoassay, the detection limit for total PSA in serum was as low as 0.04 pg/mL, and the dynamic range was estimated to be at least five digits. A two-step sandwich SPFS immunoassay for LacdiNAc-PSA was constructed using both the anti-PSA IgG antibody to capture PSA and Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) for the detection of LacdiNAc. The results of the LacdiNAc-PSA immunoassay with SPFS showed that the assay had a sensitivity of 20.0 pg/mL and permitted the specific distinction between PC and BPH within the PSA gray zone. These results suggested that high-sensitivity automated SPFS immunoassay systems might become a powerful tool for the diagnosis of PC and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Kaya
- Corporate R&D Headquarters, Konica Minolta, Inc. , No. 1 Sakura-machi, Hino-shi, Tokyo 191-8511, Japan
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23
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Liu T, Zhang S, Chen J, Jiang K, Zhang Q, Guo K, Liu Y. The transcriptional profiling of glycogenes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107941. [PMID: 25232831 PMCID: PMC4169445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Metastasis is one of the important reasons for the poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), abnormal glycosylation plays a pivotal role in HCC metastasis. The goal of this study was to screen and validate the transcriptional profiling of glycogenes associated with HCC metastasis. METHODOLOGY The differentially transcribed glycogenes were screened out by the Human Glycosylation RT2 Profiler PCR Array, and were identified by qRT-PCR in human HCC cell lines and their orthotopic xenograft tumors. Further analyses were performed with K-mean clustering, Gene Ontology (GO) and ingenuity pathways analysis (IPA). Four differentially transcribed glycogenes were validated in clinical cancer specimens by qRT-PCR. RESULTS A total of thirty-three differentially transcribed glycogenes were obtained by comparison the transcription in the metastatic human HCC cell lines (MHCC97L, MHCC97H and HCCLM3) with the transcription in the non-metastatic HCC cell line Hep3B. Seven differentially transcribed glycogenes were selected to further identification in human HCC cell lines and their orthotopic xenograft tumors. According to their trends by K-mean clustering, all of the differentially transcribed glycogenes were classified in six clusters. GO analysis of the differentially transcribed glycogenes described them in biological process, subcellular location and molecular function. Furthermore, the partial regulatory network of the differentially transcribed glycogenes was acquired through the IPA. The transcription levels of galnt3, gcnt3, man1a1, mgat5b in non-metastatic and metastatic HCC clinical cancer specimens showed the same changing trends with the results in human HCC cell lines and their orthotopic xenograft tumors, and the divergent transcription levels of gcnt3 and mgat5b were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The transcriptional profiling of glycogenes associated with HCC metastasis was obtained and validated in this study and it might provide novel drug targets and potential biological markers for HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinle Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Guo
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinkun Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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24
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Katnik I, Jadach J, Krotkiewski H, Gerber J. Investigating the glycosylation of normal and ovarian cancer haptoglobins using digoxigenin-labelled lectins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00919295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Nagae M, Morita-Matsumoto K, Arai S, Wada I, Matsumoto Y, Saito K, Hashimoto Y, Yamaguchi Y. Structural change of N-glycan exposes hydrophobic surface of human transferrin. Glycobiology 2014; 24:693-702. [PMID: 24780636 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transferrin is an iron-transport protein which possesses N-glycans at Asn432 and Asn630 in humans. Transferrin glycoforms Tf-1 and Tf-2, previously identified in human cerebrospinal fluid, are defined as the lower and upper bands in gel electrophoresis, respectively. Importantly, the Tf-2/Tf-1 ratio is raised in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients and is useful as a clinical marker. In order to gain insight into the relationship between transferrin glycoform and biological function, we performed comparative characterization of Tf-1, Tf-2 and serum transferrin (sTf). Mass spectrometric analyses confirmed that Tf-2 is modified with disialylated biantennary glycans at both of the two N-glycosylation sites, which are similar to the N-glycans of sTf. On the other hand, Tf-1 is site-specifically modified: Asn630 has biantennary agalacto-complex-type glycan with bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and core fucose while Asn432 is modified with complex/high mannose-type glycans and possibly single GlcNAc. Size exclusion chromatography and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy analysis revealed that the hydration volume of Tf-1 is slightly smaller than that of sTf. Our striking finding is that Tf-1 has an exposed hydrophobic surface as monitored by the fluorescence intensity and wavelength of a hydrophobic probe, 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate, whereas Tf-2 does not. These results suggest that the different N-glycan structure of Tf-1 lowers the apparent hydration volume and reveals a patch of hydrophobic surface on transferrin which is otherwise covered with sialoglycan in sTf and Tf-2. The carbohydrate deficiency in certain pathological conditions may also expose hydrophobic surface which may modulate the function and/or stability of transferrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Nagae
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kana Morita-Matsumoto
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Seisuke Arai
- Department of Cell Science, Institute of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Ikuo Wada
- Department of Cell Science, Institute of Biomedical Sciences
| | | | | | - Yasuhiro Hashimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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26
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27
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Lee HJ, Cha HJ, Lim JS, Lee SH, Song SY, Kim H, Hancock WS, Yoo JS, Paik YK. Abundance-ratio-based semiquantitative analysis of site-specific N-linked glycopeptides present in the plasma of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:2328-38. [PMID: 24628331 DOI: 10.1021/pr4011519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant structures of site-specific N-linked glycans are closely associated with the tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common fatal cancers worldwide. Vitronectin (VTN) is considered a candidate glycobiomarker of HCC. In this study, we describe a reliable and simple quantification strategy based on abundance ratios of site-specific N-linked glycopeptides of VTN to screen for potential biomarkers. A total of 14 unique N-linked glycans corresponding to 27 unique N-linked glycopeptides were characterized at three N-linked sites (Asn-86, -169, and -242) present in VTN. These glycans could be good candidate markers for HCC. Among these glycans, the abundance ratio of two representative glycoforms (fucosyl vs non-fucosyl) was significantly increased in HCC plasma relative to normal plasma. This strategy was also successfully applied to another potential HCC biomarker, haptoglobin. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our approach employing tandem mass tag (TMT) and target N-linked glycopeptides of VTN is a useful tool for quantifying specific glycans in HCC plasma relative to normal plasma. Our strategy represents a simple and potentially useful screening platform for the discovery of cancer-specific glycobiomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Joo Lee
- Yonsei Proteome Research Center and Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Korea
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28
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Pandey B, Bhattarai JK, Pornsuriyasak P, Fujikawa K, Catania R, Demchenko AV, Stine KJ. Square-wave voltammetry assays for glycoproteins on nanoporous gold. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014; 717-718:47-60. [PMID: 24611035 PMCID: PMC3941082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical enzyme-linked lectinsorbent assays (ELLA) were developed using nanoporous gold (NPG) as a solid support for protein immobilization and as an electrode for the electrochemical determination of the product of the reaction between alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and p-aminophenyl phosphate (p-APP), which is p-aminophenol (p-AP). Glycoproteins or concanavalin A (Con A) and ALP conjugates were covalently immobilized onto lipoic acid self-assembled monolayers on NPG. The binding of Con A - ALP (or soybean agglutinin - ALP) conjugate to glycoproteins covalently immobilized on NPG and subsequent incubation with p-APP substrate was found to result in square-wave voltammograms whose peak difference current varied with the identity of the glycoprotein. NPG presenting covalently bound glycoproteins was used as the basis for a competitive electrochemical assay for glycoproteins in solution (transferrin and IgG). A kinetic ELLA based on steric hindrance of the enzyme-substrate reaction and hence reduced enzymatic reaction rate after glycoprotein binding is demonstrated using immobilized Con A-ALP conjugates. Using the immobilized Con A-ALP conjugate, the binding affinity of immunoglobulin G (IgG) was found to be 105 nM, and that for transferrin was found to be 650 nM. Minimal interference was observed in the presence of 5 mg mL-1 BSA as a model serum protein in both the kinetic and competitive ELLA. Inhibition studies were performed with methyl D-mannoside for the binding of TSF and IgG to Con A-ALP; IC50 values were found to be 90 μM and 286 μM, respectively. Surface coverages of proteins were estimated using solution depletion and the BCA protein concentration assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
- Center for Nanoscience University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
| | - Jay K. Bhattarai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
- Center for Nanoscience University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
| | - Papapida Pornsuriyasak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
| | - Kohki Fujikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
| | - Rosa Catania
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
| | - Keith J. Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
- Center for Nanoscience University of Missouri-St. Louis One University Boulevard Saint Louis, MO 63121
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Zhu J, Wang Y, Yu Y, Wang Z, Zhu T, Xu X, Liu H, Hawke D, Zhou D, Li Y. Aberrant fucosylation of glycosphingolipids in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Liver Int 2014; 34:147-60. [PMID: 23902602 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS & AIMS Glycosylation promoting or inhibiting tumour cell invasion and metastasis is of crucial importance in current cancer research. Tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens are predominantly expressed on the tumour cell surface. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are members of the family. To perform glycosphingolipidomic assays on neutral GSLs obtained from solid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and paired peritumoural tissues by linear ion trap quadrupole-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. METHODS Qualitative and quantitative analysis of fucosylated neutral GSLs was performed in the positive ion mode on the LTQ-XL mass spectrometer and MALDI-TOF-MS. RESULTS A group of fucosylated neutral GSLs in HCC was found to be expressed higher in the tumour tissues, as their proportion in total cellular GSLs was 3.3-fold higher in the tumour tissues than in the peritumoural tissues (P < 0.01). Moreover, qualitative analysis of the aberrant fucosylated GSLs were completed, and seven types of fucosylated GSLs that contained terminal Fuca2Gal- structure were identified by mass spectrometry. CONCLUSIONS Our results may lead to improved immunotherapy of HCC and contribute to understanding the role of aberrant fucosylated GSLs in the development and progress of HCC in following studies.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/analysis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/chemistry
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Ceramides/analysis
- Ceramides/chemistry
- Female
- Fucosyltransferases/genetics
- Glycosylation
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/chemistry
- Liver Neoplasms/enzymology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Structure
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
- Up-Regulation
- Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Carlsson MC, Bengtson P, Cucak H, Leffler H. Galectin-3 guides intracellular trafficking of some human serotransferrin glycoforms. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:28398-408. [PMID: 23926108 PMCID: PMC3784757 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.487793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transferrin internalization via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and subsequent recycling after iron delivery has been extensively studied. Here we demonstrate a previously unrecognized parameter regulating this recycling, the binding of galectin-3 to particular glycoforms of transferrin. Two fractions of transferrin, separated by affinity chromatography based on their binding or not to galectin-3, are targeted to kinetically different endocytic pathways in HFL-1 cells expressing galectin-3 but not in SKBR3 cells lacking galectin-3; the SKBR3 cells, however, can acquire the ability to target these transferrin glycoforms differently after preloading with exogenously added galectin-3. In all, this study provides the first evidence of a functional role for transferrin glycans, in intracellular trafficking after uptake. Moreover, the galectin-3-bound glycoform increased in cancer, suggesting a pathophysiological regulation. These are novel aspects of transferrin cell biology, which has previously considered only a degree of iron loading, but not other forms of heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Carlsson
- From the Section MIG (Microbiology, Immunology, Glycobiology), Department of Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Per Bengtson
- the Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, 221 00 Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helena Cucak
- From the Section MIG (Microbiology, Immunology, Glycobiology), Department of Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Hakon Leffler
- From the Section MIG (Microbiology, Immunology, Glycobiology), Department of Laboratory Medicine and
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31
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Improved lectin ELISA for glycosylation analysis of biomarkers using PS-tag-fused single-chain Fv. J Immunol Methods 2012; 385:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Landberg E, Åström E, Kågedal B, Påhlsson P. Disialo-trisialo bridging of transferrin is due to increased branching and fucosylation of the carbohydrate moiety. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 414:58-64. [PMID: 22902807 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) is used for detection of alcohol abuse and follow-up. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of transferrin glycoforms is highly specific for identification of alcohol abuse, but unresolved disialo- and trisialotransferrin glycoforms sometimes makes interpretation difficult. The cause of this phenomenon is unknown, cannot be explained by genetic variants of transferrin, but seems to be associated with liver disease. METHODS Nineteen serum samples showing di-tri bridging when analyzed by HPLC were collected. Transferrin was purified by affinity chromatography, and N-linked oligosaccharides were released enzymatically. The N-glycans were further analyzed by high performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. RESULTS The HPLC-analysis showed three different types of glycoform patterns. The N-glycans from fifteen samples showed patterns with increased number of triantennary structures containing one or two fucose residues. One sample contained an increased amount of triantennary glycans without fucose. Three samples showed a glycosylation pattern similar to normal transferrin. CONCLUSIONS The di-tri bridging phenomenon was associated with alterations in transferrin glycosylation in the majority of cases. Transferrin contained a higher extent of triantennary and often fucosylated N-linked oligosaccharides. These results may be important in future diagnostic approaches to liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Landberg
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden.
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N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase IVa regulates metastatic potential of mouse hepatocarcinoma cells through glycosylation of CD147. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:323-34. [PMID: 22736280 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-012-9414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GnT)-IV a is a key enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the GlcNAC β1-4 branch on the core structure of complex N-Glycans, which is the common substrate for other N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases, such as GnT-III and GnT-V. Our recent study indicates that the expression of GnT-IVa in Hca-F cells was much higher than that in Hepa1-6 cells, these two mouse hepatocarcinoma cell lines have high and no metastatic potential in lymph nodes respectively. To investigate the effects of GnT-IVa on the metastasis of hepatocarcinoma, exogenous GnT-IVa was introduced into Hepa1-6 cells, and on the other hand, the expression of GnT-IVa was down-regulated in Hca-F cells. The engineered overexpression of GnT-IVa in Hepa1-6 cells increased the antennary branches of complex N-glycans and reduced bisecting branches in vitro and in vivo, which leads to the increase in migration and metastatic capability of hepatocarcinoma cells. Conversely, down-regulated expression of GnT-IVa in Hca-F cells showed reduced tetra-antennary branches of N-Glycans, and significantly decreased the migration and metastatic capability. Furthermore, we found that the regulated GnT-IVa converts the heterogeneous N-glycosylated forms of CD147 in Hepa1-6 and Hca-F cells, and significantly changed the antennary oligosaccharide structures on CD147. These results suggest that GnT-IVa could be acting as a key role in migration and metastasis of mouse hepatocarcinoma cells through altering the glycosylation of CD147. These findings should be valuable in delineating the important function of GnT-IVa during the process of hepatocarcinoma growth and metastasis.
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Alley WR, Vasseur JA, Goetz JA, Svoboda M, Mann BF, Matei DE, Menning N, Hussein A, Mechref Y, Novotny MV. N-linked glycan structures and their expressions change in the blood sera of ovarian cancer patients. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:2282-300. [PMID: 22304416 DOI: 10.1021/pr201070k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylated proteins play important roles in a broad spectrum of biochemical and biological processes, and prior reports have suggested that changes in protein glycosylation occur during cancer initiation and progression. Ovarian cancer (OC) is a fatal malignancy, most commonly diagnosed after the development of metastases. Therefore, early detection of OC is key to improving survival. To this end, specific changes of the serum glycome have been proposed as possible biomarkers for different types of cancers. In this study, we extend this concept to OC. To characterize differences in total N-glycan levels, serum samples provided by 20 healthy control women were compared to those acquired from patients diagnosed with late-stage recurrent OC who were enrolled in an experimental treatment trial prior to receiving therapy (N=19) and one month later, prior to the second treatment cycle (N=11). Additionally, analyses of the N-glycans associated with IgG and characterization of the relative abundance levels of core vs outer-arm fucosylation were also performed. The N-linked glycomic profiles revealed increased abundances of tri- and tetra-branched structures with varying degrees of sialylation and fucosylation and an apparent decrease in the levels of "bisecting" glycans in OC samples compared to controls. Increased levels of a-galactosylation structures were observed on N-linked glycans derived from IgG, which were independent of the presence of fucose residues. Elevated levels of outer-arm fucosylation were also identified in the OC samples. These results allowed the control samples to be distinguished from the baseline ovarian cancer patients prior to receiving the experimental treatment. In some cases, the pre-treatment samples could be distinguished from the post-experimental treatment samples, as many of those patients showed a further progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Alley
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
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35
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Gianazza E, Vegeto E, Eberini I, Sensi C, Miller I. Neglected markers: Altered serum proteome in murine models of disease. Proteomics 2012; 12:691-707. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Purification, characterization, and molecular cloning of lectin from winter buds of Lysichiton camtschatcensis (L.) Schott. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2012; 76:25-33. [PMID: 22232238 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel lectin was purified to homogeneity from winter buds of Lysichiton camtschatcensis (L.) Schott of the Araceae family. It was a tetramer composed of two non-covalently associated polypeptides with small subunits (11 kDa) and large subunits (12 kDa). Sequencing of both subunits yielded unique N-terminal sequences. A cDNA encoding the lectin was cloned. The isolated cDNA contained an open reading frame that encoded 267 amino acids. It encoded both subunits, indicating that the lectin is synthesized as a single precursor protein that is post-translationally processed into two different subunits with 45% sequence identity. Each subunit contained a mannose-binding motif known to be conserved in monocot mannose-binding lectins, but its activity was not inhibited by monosaccharides, including methyl α-mannoside. Asialofetuin and yeast invertase were potent inhibitors. Lectin activity was detected in the buds formed during the winter season but not in the expanded leaves.
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37
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Xin X, Higai K, Imaizumi Y, Suzuki C, Ito K, Itoh A, Matsumoto S, Azuma Y, Matsumoto K. Natural killer group 2A (NKG2A) and natural killer group 2C (NKG2C) bind to sulfated glycans and α2,3-NeuAc-containing glycoproteins. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:480-5. [PMID: 21467632 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Killer lectin-like receptors on natural killer (NK) cells mediate cytotoxicity through glycans on target cells. We prepared recombinant glutathione S-transferase-fused extracellular lectin-like domains (AA 94-231) of natural killer group 2A (NKG2A) (rGST-NKG2A) and NKG2C (rGST-NKG2C) and determined the binding of these receptors to plates coated with heparin-conjugated bovine serum albumin (heparin-BSA) and glycoproteins. rGST-NKG2A and rGST-NKG2C directly bound to heparin-BSA with K(d) values of 20 and 40 nM, respectively. Binding of rGST-NKG2A and rGST-NKG2C to heparin-BSA was suppressed in the presence of soluble heparin, heparan sulfate, fucoidan, λ-carrageenan, and dextran sulfate. 2-O-Sulfate residues in heparin were essential for the binding of rGST-NKG2A and rGST-NKG2C. Moreover, rGST-NKG2A and rGST-NKG2C bound to multimeric sialyl Lewis X expressing transferrin secreted by HepG2 cells with K(d) values of 80 and 114 nM, respectively. This is the first report showing that NKG2A and NKG2C bind to heparin and α2,3-NeuAc-containing glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xin
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
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38
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Gornik O, Gornik I, Kolednjak IZ, Lauc G. Change of transferrin sialylation differs between mild sepsis and severe sepsis and septic shock. Intern Med 2011; 50:861-9. [PMID: 21498934 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.50.4704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN To investigate the association between the severity of sepsis and changes in sialylation of serum proteins we have conducted a single center pilot study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sialylation of transferrin (with enzyme-linked lectin assay-ELLA) and total serum proteins (with colorimetric assay) as well as serum iron and transferrin levels were measured in 27 patients with sepsis through the first eight days of the disease. RESULTS Total serum sialylation increased in the first two days, transferrin sialylation decreased, while serum iron and transferrin fell. Patients who developed severe sepsis had either a small or marked change in transferrin sialylation while in patients with mild sepsis sialylation decreased moderately. CONCLUSION We hypothesize that the change in transferrin sialylation could be a reflection of the intensity of inflammatory response which is insufficient if under-expressed and detrimental if over-expressed. This new feature is a potential marker of sepsis severity early in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gornik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Croatia.
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Fang M, Dewaele S, Zhao YP, Stärkel P, Vanhooren V, Chen YM, Ji X, Luo M, Sun BM, Horsmans Y, Dell A, Haslam SM, Grassi P, Libert C, Gao CF, Chen CC. Serum N-glycome biomarker for monitoring development of DENA-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rat. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:215. [PMID: 20704698 PMCID: PMC2925372 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a demand for serum markers for the routine assessment of the progression of liver cancer. We previously found that serum N-linked sugar chains are altered in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we studied glycomic alterations during development of HCC in a rat model. RESULTS Rat HCC was induced by the hepatocarcinogen, diethylnitrosamine (DENA). N-glycans were profiled using the DSA-FACE technique developed in our laboratory.In comparison with control rats, DENA rats showed a gradual but significant increase in two glycans (R5a and R5b) in serum total N-glycans during progression of liver cirrhosis and cancer, and a decrease in a biantennary glycan (P5). The log of the ratio of R5a to P1 (NGA2F) and R5b to P1 [log(R5a/P1) and log(R5b/P1)] were significantly (p < 0.0001) elevated in HCC rats, but not in rats with cirrhosis or fibrosis or in control rats. We thus propose a GlycoTest model using the above-mentioned serum glycan markers to monitor the progression of cirrhosis and HCC in the DENA-treated rat model. When DENA-treated rats were subsequently treated with farnesylthiosalicyclic acid, an anticancer drug, progression to HCC was prevented and GlycoTest markers (P5, R5a and R5b) reverted towards non-DENA levels, and the HCC-specific markers, log(R5a/P1) and log(R5b/P1), normalized completely. CONCLUSIONS We found an increase in core-alpha-1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins in serum and liver of rats with HCC, which demonstrates that fucosylation is altered during progression of HCC. Our GlycoTest model can be used to monitor progression of HCC and to follow up treatment of liver tumors in the DENA rat. This GlycoTest model is particularly important because a rapid non-invasive diagnostic procedure for tumour progression in this rat model would greatly facilitate the search for anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 200438 Shanghai, China
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Alley WR, Madera M, Mechref Y, Novotny MV. Chip-based reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of permethylated N-linked glycans: a potential methodology for cancer-biomarker discovery. Anal Chem 2010; 82:5095-106. [PMID: 20491449 PMCID: PMC2910595 DOI: 10.1021/ac100131e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The study of protein glycosylation in biological fluids and tissues has substantial medical importance, as changes in glycan structures have now been associated with a number of diseases. Quantification of glycomic-profile changes is becoming increasingly important in the search for disease biomarkers. Here, we report a highly reproducible combination of a glycomic sample preparation/solid-phase derivatization of glycoprotein-derived N-linked glycans with their subsequent microchip-based separation and mass-spectrometric (MS) measurements. Following our previously described reductive beta-elimination for O-linked glycans with ammonia-borane complex to reduce N-linked structures, the N-linked alditol structures are effectively methylated in dimethylformamide medium to avoid artefacts in MS measurements. Reversed-phase microfluidic liquid chromatography (LC) of methylated N-linked oligosaccharide alditols resolved some closely related structures into regular retention increments, aiding in their structural assignments. Optimized LC gradients, together with nanospray MS, have been applied here in the quantitative measurements of N-linked glycans in blood serum, distinguishing breast cancer patients from control individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Alley
- National Center for Glycomics and Glycoproteomics, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA 47405
| | - Milan Madera
- National Center for Glycomics and Glycoproteomics, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA 47405
| | - Yehia Mechref
- National Center for Glycomics and Glycoproteomics, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA 47405
- MetaCyt Biochemical Analysis Center, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA 47405
| | - Milos V. Novotny
- National Center for Glycomics and Glycoproteomics, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA 47405
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Klein A, Carre Y, Louvet A, Michalski JC, Morelle W. Immunoglobulins are the major glycoproteins involved in the modifications of total serumN-glycome in cirrhotic patients. Proteomics Clin Appl 2010; 4:379-93. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200900133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Enhanced expression of alpha1-acid glycoprotein and fucosylation in hepatitis B patients provides an insight into pathogenesis. Glycoconj J 2010; 26:1225-34. [PMID: 19459043 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-009-9241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2008] [Revised: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 04/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Altered glycosylation and concentration of alpha1-acid glycoprotein has been known to be related to the pathogenesis of the hepatic diseases. The present study investigated enhanced fucosylation of AGP in the sera of chronic hepatitis B (HBV-CH) and hepatitis B cirrhosis (HBV-LC) patients by high performance anion exchange chromatography and by ELISA using fucose binding Aleuria aurantia lectin. The concentration of AGP determined by ELISA using monoclonal anti-human AGP (mAb-AGP) showed high level of AGP in HBV-CH and HBV-LC patients. This was further judged by association constant (K (A)) measured by surface plasmon resonance analysis. There was no apparent linkage variation of sialic acid among different patient groups when tested with two sialic acid binding lectins viz., Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA, NeuAc alpha2-3-) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA, NeuAc alpha2-6-) respectively. There was no change of oligosaccharide branching in HBV-CH in comparison to controls whereas a slight change was observed in HBV-LC using ConA. The above results suggest that the changes in concentration of AGP and fucosylation have a prognostic value of hepatitis diseases and it could be possible to use AGP as diagnostic marker besides clinical examination and routine laboratory investigation.
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Klein A, Michalski JC, Morelle W. Modifications of human total serum N
-glycome during liver fibrosis-cirrhosis, is it all about immunoglobulins? Proteomics Clin Appl 2010; 4:372-8. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200900151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Sarrats A, Saldova R, Pla E, Fort E, Harvey DJ, Struwe WB, de Llorens R, Rudd PM, Peracaula R. Glycosylation of liver acute-phase proteins in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. Proteomics Clin Appl 2010; 4:432-48. [PMID: 21137062 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200900150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glycosylation of acute-phase proteins (APP), which is partially regulated by cytokines, may be distinct in disease and provide useful tumour markers. Thus, we have examined the glycosylation of major serum APP in pancreatic cancer (PaC), chronic pancreatitis (CP) and control patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using a specific anti-sialyl Lewis X antibody and N-glycan sequencing, we have determined glycosylation changes on α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), haptoglobin (HPT), fetuin (FET), α-1-antitrypsin (AT) and transferrin (TRF). RESULTS Increased levels of sialyl Lewis X (SLe(x) ) were detected on AGP in advanced PaC and CP and on HPT, FET, AT and TRF in CP. An increase in N-glycan branching was detected on AGP and HPT in the advanced stage of PaC and CP and on FET and TRF in the CP. A core fucosylated structure was increased on AGP and HPT only in the advanced PaC patients. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Changes in APP SLe(x) and branching are probably associated with an inflammatory response because they were detected in both advanced PaC and CP patients and these conditions give rise to inflammation. On the contrary, the increase in APP core fucosylation could be cancer associated and the presence of this glycoform may give an advantage to the tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Sarrats
- Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona, Spain
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Fukushima K, Satoh T, Baba S, Yamashita K. alpha1,2-Fucosylated and beta-N-acetylgalactosaminylated prostate-specific antigen as an efficient marker of prostatic cancer. Glycobiology 2010; 20:452-60. [PMID: 20008118 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwp197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used as a diagnostic marker for prostate cancer (PC) because of its high specificity. However, elevated serum PSA does not occur only in PC but also in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Since the structural changes of N-glycans during carcinogenesis are common phenomena, we investigated whether PC-specific N-glycans are linked to PSA. We first analyzed the carbohydrate structures of PSA derived from seminal fluid, serum of BPH and PC patients, and PC cell line, namely, LNCaP using eight lectin-immobilized columns and then with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The fraction of serum PSA from PC patients bound to both Fucalpha1-2Gal and betaGalNAc binding Trichosanthes japonica agglutinin-II (TJA-II) column, while that from BPH patients did not exhibit this binding ability, thereby implying that there is elevated expression of alpha1,2-fucosylation and beta-N-acetylgalactosaminylation of PSA during carcinogenesis. We then performed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed that these structural changes were responsible for the elevated expression of fucosyltransferase I (FUT1) and beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 4(B4GALNT4). Second, we measured TJA-II-bound PSA contents and the binding ratios of TJA-II column chromatography in serum PSA samples from 40 patients of both PC and BPH. The results indicated that both TJA-II-bound PSA content and TJA-II binding ratios (%) could be used to discriminate between PC and BPH with more than 95% probability, and TJA-II-bound PSA can be regarded as a potential marker of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Fukushima
- Innovative Research Initiatives, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501
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Lee HJ, Na K, Choi EY, Kim KS, Kim H, Paik YK. Simple Method for Quantitative Analysis of N-Linked Glycoproteins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Specimens. J Proteome Res 2009; 9:308-18. [DOI: 10.1021/pr900649b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Joo Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, World Class University Program, Yonsei Proteome Research Center and Biomedical Proteome Research Center, Department of Surgery, and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Keun Na
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, World Class University Program, Yonsei Proteome Research Center and Biomedical Proteome Research Center, Department of Surgery, and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, World Class University Program, Yonsei Proteome Research Center and Biomedical Proteome Research Center, Department of Surgery, and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Kyung Sik Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, World Class University Program, Yonsei Proteome Research Center and Biomedical Proteome Research Center, Department of Surgery, and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Hoguen Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, World Class University Program, Yonsei Proteome Research Center and Biomedical Proteome Research Center, Department of Surgery, and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Young-Ki Paik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, World Class University Program, Yonsei Proteome Research Center and Biomedical Proteome Research Center, Department of Surgery, and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Blomme B, Van Steenkiste C, Callewaert N, Van Vlierberghe H. Alteration of protein glycosylation in liver diseases. J Hepatol 2009; 50:592-603. [PMID: 19157620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases are a serious health problem worldwide. The current gold standard to assess structural liver damage is through a liver biopsy which has several disadvantages. A non-invasive, simple and non-expensive test to diagnose liver pathology would be highly desirable. Protein glycosylation has drawn the attention of many researchers in the search for an objective feature to achieve this goal. Glycosylation is a posttranslational modification of many secreted proteins and it has been known for decades that structural changes in the glycan structures of serum proteins are an indication for liver damage. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of this altered protein glycosylation in different etiologies of liver fibrosis / cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although individual liver diseases have their own specific markers, the same modifications seem to continuously reappear in all liver diseases: hyperfucosylation, increased branching and a bisecting N-acetylglucosamine. Analysis at mRNA and protein level of the corresponding glycosyltransferases confirm their altered status in liver pathology. The last part of this review deals with some recently developed glycomic techniques that could potentially be used in the diagnosis of liver pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Blomme
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Abstract
Changes in N-linked glycosylation are known to occur during the development of cancer. For example, increased branching of oligosaccharides has been associated with metastasis and has been correlated to tumor progression in human cancers of the breast, colon, and melanomas. Increases in core fucosylation have also been associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To a large extent, the proteins to which these N-linked glycans are attached have been unknown. However, with the advent of sensitive glycan analysis and proteomic technologies, the ability to comprehensively identify all the fucosylated proteins in a given population is now a possibility. This method, generally referred to as targeted glycoproteomics, is shown as applied to the detection of proteins present in the fucosylated proteome of a liver cancer cell line but is generally enough to be applied in many other situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Comunale
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University, 700 East Butler, Doylestown, PA 18901, USA
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Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Glycans have unique characteristics that are significantly different from nucleic acids and proteins in terms of biosynthesis, structures, and functions. Moreover, their isomeric nature and the complex linkages between residues have made glycan analysis a challenging task. Disease development and progression are usually associated with alternations in glycosylation on tissue proteins and/or blood proteins. Glycans released from tissue/blood proteins hence provide a valuable source of biomarkers. In this postgenome era, glycomics is an emerging research field. Glycome refers to a repertoire of glycans in a tissue/cell type, while glycomics is the study of glycome. In the past few years, attempts have been made to develop novel methodologies for quantitative glycomic profiling and to identify potential glycobiomarkers. It can be foreseen that glycomics holds the promise for biomarker discovery. This review provides an overview of the unique features of glycans and the historical applications of such features to biomarker discovery.
Future Prospective
The concept of glycomics and its recent advancement and future prospective in biomarker research are reviewed. Above all, there is no doubt that glycomics is gaining momentum in biomarker research.
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Chaerkady R, Thuluvath PJ, Kim MS, Nalli A, Vivekanandan P, Simmers J, Torbenson M, Pandey A. O Labeling for a Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Glycoproteins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Proteomics 2008; 4:137-155. [PMID: 20357908 DOI: 10.1007/s12014-008-9013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Quantitative proteomics using tandem mass spectrometry is an attractive approach for identification of potential cancer biomarkers. Fractionation of complex tissue samples into subproteomes prior to mass spectrometric analyses increases the likelihood of identifying cancer-specific proteins that might be present in low abundance. In this regard, glycosylated proteins are an interesting class of proteins that are already established as biomarkers for several cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we carried out proteomic profiling of tumor and adjacent non-cancer liver tissues from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Glycoprotein enrichment from liver samples using lectin affinity chromatography and subsequent (18)O/(16)O labeling of peptides allowed us to obtain relative abundance levels of lectin-bound proteins. As a complementary approach, we also examined the relative expression of proteins in HCC without glycoprotein enrichment. Lectin affinity enrichment was found to be advantageous to quantitate several interesting proteins, which were not detected in the whole proteome screening approach. We identified and quantitated over 200 proteins from the lectin-based approach. Interesting among these were fetuin, cysteine-rich protein 1, serpin peptidase inhibitor, leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, melanoma cell adhesion molecule, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan-2. Using lectin affinity followed by PNGase F digestion coupled to (18)O labeling, we identified 34 glycosylation sites with consensus sequence N-X-T/S. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were carried out for several proteins to confirm mass spectrometry results. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that quantitative proteomic profiling of tumor tissue versus non-cancerous tissue is a promising approach for the identification of potential biomarkers for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghothama Chaerkady
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India; McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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