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Abdelhameed RM, Hammad SF, Abdallah IA, Bedair A, Locatelli M, Mansour FR. A hybrid microcrystalline cellulose/metal-organic framework for dispersive solid phase microextraction of selected pharmaceuticals: A proof-of-concept. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115609. [PMID: 37557067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is considered simple, ecofriendly, sustainable, cost-effective and timesaving sample preparation mode in comparison with other sample preparation procedures. The researchers always try to develop new sorbents with higher surface area in comparison with other conventional sorbents aiming to enhance the extraction efficiency. In this work for the first time, a comparative study was performed between Ca-BTC MOF (1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, BTC; metal-organic framework, MOF) and a hybrid Ca-BTC-MCC MOF (microcrystalline cellulose, MCC) by using as model compounds seven drugs with different physicochemical properties. The evaluation of the extraction efficiency of both sorbents were obtained by means of an HPLC/DAD instrument configuration in reversed phase mode under isocratic elution mode. The results indicate that Ca-BTC MOF showed superior extraction efficiency than Ca-BTC-MCC MOF in the case of all analytes except nirmatrelvir and ritonavir. The results highlight that not only the surface area of adsorbents controlled the adsorption capacity, but also other factors have a role in extraction efficiency including morphology of adsorbent and physico-chemical properties of the analytes. It is worth mentioning that this is the first time that a comparative study was performed between Ca-BTC MOF and Ca-BTC-MCC MOF hybrid material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda M Abdelhameed
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Sherin F Hammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt
| | - Inas A Abdallah
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Monufia, Egypt
| | - Alaa Bedair
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Monufia, Egypt
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Fotouh R Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt.
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Watanabe E. Review of sample preparation methods for chromatographic analysis of neonicotinoids in agricultural and environmental matrices: From classical to state-of-the-art methods. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1643:462042. [PMID: 33761434 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This review specifically examines the development of sample preparation methods for residue analyses of neonicotinoid insecticides in agricultural and environmental matrices. Pesticide residue analysis is fundamentally important to ensure the safety of foods and processed foods of plant and animal origin, and to preserve the environment, particularly soil and water. For the development of pesticide residue analysis, the sample preparation process is an important key to maximizing the analytical performance of highly sensitive and accurate chromatographic instruments and to acquiring reliable analytical results. This review outlines sample preparation methods that have been proposed to date for extraction of neonicotinoids that might remain in a complicated sample matrix in quantitatively trace amounts, and for cleaning up, to the greatest extent possible, the interfering components that coexist in the sample extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiki Watanabe
- Chemical Analysis Unit, Division of Hazardous Chemicals, Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba 305-8604, Japan.
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3
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Wagner L, Zargar M, Kalli C, Fridjonsson EO, Ling NN, May EF, Zhen J, Johns ML. Solid-Phase Extraction Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (SPE-NMR): Prototype Design, Development, and Automation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisabeth Wagner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Masoumeh Zargar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia
| | - Christopher Kalli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Einar Orn Fridjonsson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Nicholas N.A. Ling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Eric F. May
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - John Zhen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Michael L. Johns
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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Ramin M, Khadem M, Omidi F, Pourhosein M, Golbabaei F, Shahtaheri SJ. Optimization of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure for detecting chlorpyrifos in human urine samples. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2019; 33:71. [PMID: 31696065 PMCID: PMC6825386 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.33.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Selecting an effective sample preparation method to measure target pesticides in biological matrices is a serious challenge for researchers. This study aimed to optimize the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) technique to obtain a simple, valid, and fast method with high efficiency to detect chlorpyrifos in urine samples. Methods: DLLME, coupled with high performance liquid chromatography equipped with ultra violet detector, was used to extract chlorpyrifos pesticide in human urine samples. Different affecting parameters on the efficiency of the method were optimized using one factor at a time method. Results: The limit of detection and enrichment factor of the method was 0.5 and 230 µg L-1, respectively. Linear calibration curve with 1-500 µg L-1 concentration range was used. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for 6 replicate experiments at the concentration of 200 µg L-1 was less than 5%. The relative recoveries of spiked urine samples were 96.3%, 102.3%, and 98.7% at 3 different concentration levels of 50, 200, and 1000 µg L-1, respectively. Conclusion: Compared to other extraction techniques, the optimized DLLME resulted in some advantages such as shorter extraction time, high extraction efficiency, and good enrichment factor for the extraction of chlorpyrifos from human urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ramin
- Occupational and Environmental Center, Health deputy, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monireh Khadem
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehran Pourhosein
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Golbabaei
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jamaleddin Shahtaheri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Aladaghlo Z, Fakhari AR. Development of a new solvent‐assisted dispersive solid‐phase extraction followed by ion mobility spectrometry for trace determination of organophosphorus pesticides in environmental water samples. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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6
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Santos LB, de Oliveira DM, de Souza AO, Lemos VA. A new method for the speciation of arsenic species in water, seafood and cigarette samples using an eggshell membrane. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-019-01665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Behbahani M, Veisi A, Omidi F, Yeganeh Badi M, Noghrehabadi A, Esrafili A, Sobhi HR. The conjunction of a new ultrasonic-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction method with HPLC-DAD for the trace determination of diazinon in biological and water media. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03788k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a new ultrasonic-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction method was successfully developed for the trace detection of diazinon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Behbahani
- Faculty of Engineering
- Shohadaye Hoveizeh University of Technology
- Susangerd
- Iran
| | - Ali Veisi
- Behbahan, Faculty of Medical Sciences
- Behbahan
- Iran
| | - Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
- Kermanshah
- Iran
| | - Mojtaba Yeganeh Badi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering
- School of Public Health
- Iran University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
| | | | - Ali Esrafili
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
- Kermanshah
- Iran
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology
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8
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Aladaghlo Z, Fakhari A, Behbahani M. Efficient sample preparation method based on solvent-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction for the trace detection of butachlor in urine and waste water samples. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3798-3805. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zolfaghar Aladaghlo
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahid Beheshti University; G.C., Evin Tehran I.R. Iran
| | - Alireza Fakhari
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahid Beheshti University; G.C., Evin Tehran I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Behbahani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH); Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences; Kermanshah Iran
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9
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Aladaghlo Z, Fakhari A, Behbahani M. Solvent-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction: A sample preparation method for trace detection of diazinon in urine and environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1462:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Effect of nanolayering of calcium salts of phosphoric acid ester monomers on the durability of resin-dentin bonds. Acta Biomater 2016; 38:190-200. [PMID: 27130275 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To investigate the contribution of nanolayering on resin-dentin bond durability, two phosphoric acid ester resin monomers, 10-methacryloyloxy-decyl-dihydrogen-phosphate (10-MDP) or its analog, methacryloyloxy-penta-propyleneglycol-dihydrogen-phosphate (MDA), were examined for their affinity for mineralized dentin powder in a column chromatography setup. Hydroxyapatite (HA) powder was dispersed in experimental primers consisting of 10-MDP or MDA solvated in ethanol/water and examined with FTIR, (31)P MAS-NMR and XPS. Light-curable 10-MDP or MDA primers were used for bonding to dentin, and examined after 24h or one-year of water-aging by TEM for evidence of nanolayering, and for microtensile bond strength evaluation. Primer-bonded dentin was examined by thin-film XRD to identify short-range order peaks characteristic of nanolayering of resin monomer-Ca salts. Although 10-MDP had better affinity for mineralized dentin than MDA, both monomers completely eluted from the mineralized dentin powder column using ethanol-water as mobile phase, indicating that the adsorption processes were reversible. This finding was supported by chemoanalytic data. XRD of 10-MDP-bonded dentin showed three diffraction peaks hat were absent from MDA-bonded dentin. Nanolayering was identified by TEM in 10-MDP-bonded dentin, but not in MDA-bonded dentin. Significant drop in bond strength (in MPa) was observed for both groups after one-year of water-aging compared with 24-h: 10-MDP group from 48.3±6.3 to 37.4±4.6; MDA group from 50.7±5.0 to 35.7±3.8 (P<0.05), with no significant difference between the two groups at the same time-point. Because both functional monomer-primed, resin-bonded dentin exhibited similar bond strength decline after water-aging, presence of nanolayering is unlikely to contribute to the overall resin-dentin bond durability. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The durability of resin-dentin bonds in 10-MDP containing self-etching adhesives has been anecdotally attributed to the presence of nanolayering of 10-MDP-calcium salts in the resin-dentin interface. Results of the present work indicate that such a claim cannot be justified. Complete elution of the phosphoric acid ester monomer from mineralized dentin powder in the column chromatography experiments using ethanol-water mobile phase to simulate the solvent mixture employed in most 10-MDP-containing dentin adhesives further challenges the previously proposed adhesion-decalcification concept that utilizes chemical bonding of phosphoric acid ester monomers to apatite as a bonding mechanism in 10-MDP containing dentin adhesives.
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11
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Mwanza C, Chen Z, Zhang Q, Chen S, Wang W, Deng H. Simultaneous HPLC-APCI-MS/MS quantification of endogenous cannabinoids and glucocorticoids in hair. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1028:1-10. [PMID: 27318292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hair matrix could retrospectively record association of endogenous cannabinoids (e.g. 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, 2-AG and N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine, AEA) and glucocorticoids (e.g. cortisol and cortisone) in a myriad of physiological functions. However, depending on the extraction conditions, the spontaneous isomerization of 2-AG to 1-arachidonoylglycerol (1-AG) and the possible rearrangement of O-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (OAEA) to AEA in various sample matrices could be major obstacles encountered in the detection of both 2-AG and AEA. This study aimed to develop a novel method for simultaneous quantification of 2-AG, AEA, cortisol and cortisone in hair. Methanol was used as the incubation solution and an acidic mixture of deionized water and methanol were utilized as mobile phase in order to avert possible rearrangements of both OAEA and 2-AG. The analyses were performed on a high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer with atmosphere pressure chemical ionization in positive mode. The method showed good linearity in the range of 3.0-250pg/mg for AEA, 15.0-1250pg/mg for 2-AG and 1-250pg/mg for cortisol and cortisone. Limit of detection was 1.5pg/mg for AEA, 6.0pg/mg for 2-AG and 0.5pg/mg for cortisol and cortisone. For all four analytes, intra and inter-day coefficients of variation were less than 20% and recovery above 90%. Population analyses in 473 hair samples established that 2-AG was significantly correlated with AEA. 2-AG was significantly and positively correlated with cortisol and cortisone. There was a significant positive correlation of AEA with cortisol, but not with cortisone. Obese participants showed a significantly higher concentration of cortisone and 2-AG. Males showed significantly higher 2-AG and cortisone levels but significantly lower AEA levels than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mwanza
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, and Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Zambia, Lusaka 10100, Zambia
| | - Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, and Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, and Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Shenghuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, and Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Weiwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huihua Deng
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, and Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China.
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12
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Yang X, Zhang P, Li X, Hu L, Gao H, Zhang S, Zhou W, Lu R. Effervescence-assisted β-cyclodextrin/attapulgite composite for the in-syringe dispersive solid-phase extraction of pyrethroids in environmental water samples. Talanta 2016; 153:353-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Behbahani M, Ghareh Hassanlou P, Amini MM, Omidi F, Esrafili A, Farzadkia M, Bagheri A. Application of solvent-assisted dispersive solid phase extraction as a new, fast, simple and reliable preconcentration and trace detection of lead and cadmium ions in fruit and water samples. Food Chem 2015; 187:82-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Tsizin GI, Statkus MA, Zolotov YA. Adsorption and extraction preconcentration of trace components in flow analytical systems. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815110167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Li Y, Yang J, Huang C, Wang L, Wang J, Chen J. Dendrimer-functionalized mesoporous silica as a reversed-phase/anion-exchange mixed-mode sorbent for solid phase extraction of acid drugs in human urine. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1392:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Buczyńska AJ, Geypens B, Van Grieken R, De Wael K. Optimization of sample clean-up for the GC–C-IRMS and GC–IT-MS analyses of PAHs from air particulate matter. Microchem J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Meng L, Chen C, Yang Y. Suspension Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction for Preconcentration and Determination of Cobalt, Copper, and Nickel in Environmental Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2014.947537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Watanabe E, Kobara Y, Baba K, Eun H. Determination of Seven Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Cucumber and Eggplant by Water-Based Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2014.938346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Grodner B, Łukaszkiewicz J, Kuran B, Krawiecka M. Capillary electrophoresis separation of aminoalkanol derivatives of 1,7-dimethyl-8,9-diphenyl-4-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]dec-8-ene-3,5,10-trione as potential anticancer drugs. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3564-70. [PMID: 25280228 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study, the direct separation of aminoalkanol derivatives I and II of 1,7-dimethyl-8,9-diphenyl-4-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6) ]dec-8-ene-3,5,10-trione, which was found in earlier studies as potential anticancer drugs, were performed. Capillary electrophoresis offers the possibility of fast, cheap, and reproducible separations for compounds I and II. In this paper, the simultaneous separation of I and II by capillary zone electrophoresis has been achieved within 8 min by use of 50 mM phosphate buffer of pH 2.5. Analysis of the two compounds in the serum plasma standards was conducted. Limits of detection of I and II by UV absorbance at 200 nm were achieved in the range of 156.3-156.6 ng/mL. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limits of detection, and quantification. The calibration equation revealed a good linear relationship (r(2) = 0.998-0.999). Sufficient recovery was observed in the range of 96.3-99.5%. The method showed good reproducibility with intra- and interday precision of 0.97 and 1.76%, respectively. The quantification limits for the compounds were in the range of 477.0-479.8 ng/mL. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of real serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Grodner
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Two-dimensional preparative liquid chromatography system for preparative separation of minor amount components from complicated natural products. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 820:176-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Jamali MR, Firouzjah A, Rahnama R. Solvent-assisted dispersive solid phase extraction. Talanta 2013; 116:454-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Tang S, Lee HK. Application of Dissolvable Layered Double Hydroxides As Sorbent in Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction and Extraction by Co-Precipitation for the Determination of Aromatic Acid Anions. Anal Chem 2013; 85:7426-33. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4013573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3
Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hian Kee Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3
Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, T-Lab
Building #02-01, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore
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23
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Abstract
Background: A typical conventional SPE method development (MD) process usually involves deciding the chemistry of the sorbent and eluent based on information about the analyte; experimentally preparing and trying out various combinations of adsorption chemistry and elution conditions; quantitatively evaluating the various conditions; and comparing quantitative results from all combination of conditions to select the best condition for method qualification. The second and fourth steps have mostly been performed manually until now. Results: We developed an automation-assisted system that expedites the conventional SPE MD process by automating 99% of the second step, and expedites the fourth step by automatically processing the results data and presenting it to the analyst in a user-friendly format. Conclusion: The automation-assisted SPE MD system greatly saves the manual labor in SPE MD work, prevents analyst errors from causing misinterpretation of quantitative results, and shortens data analysis and interpretation time.
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Le Goff G, Adelin E, Cortial S, Servy C, Ouazzani J. Application of solid-phase extraction to agar-supported fermentation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2012; 36:1285-90. [PMID: 23263569 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Agar-supported fermentation (Ag-SF), a variant of solid-state fermentation, has recently been improved by the development of a dedicated 2 m(2) scale pilot facility, Platotex. We investigated the application of solid-phase extraction (SPE) to Ag-SF in order to increase yields and minimize the contamination of the extracts with agar constituents. The selection of the appropriate resin was conducted on liquid-state fermentation and Diaion HP-20 exhibited the highest recovery yield and selectivity for the metabolites of the model fungal strains Phomopsis sp. and Fusarium sp. SPE applied to Ag-SF resulted in a particular compartmentalization of the culture. The mycelium that requires oxygen to grow migrates to the top layer and formed a thick biofilm. The resin beads intercalate between the agar surface and the mycelium layer, and trap directly the compounds secreted by the mycelium through a "solid-solid extraction" (SSE) process. The resin/mycelium layer is easily recovered by scraping the surface and the target metabolites extracted by methanol. Ag-SF associated to SSE represents an ideal compromise for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites with limited economic and environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Le Goff
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique C.N.R.S, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Lasarte-Aragonés G, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Effervescence-assisted dispersive micro-solid phase extraction. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:9128-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Zak K. Shihabi
- a Department of Pathology , Wake Forest University School Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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27
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Lu Y, Hu R, Pan Y. Integrated countercurrent extraction of natural products: a combination of liquid and solid supports. Anal Chem 2010; 82:3081-5. [PMID: 20210296 DOI: 10.1021/ac100121j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An integrated online column-switching countercurrent chromatography (CCC) with a solid-phase trapping/preconcentration interface is presented. The interface is systematically evaluated in terms of sorbent type, column size, and kinetic factor from the view of the unique CCC process. Results indicate that satisfactory trapping efficiency can be achieved using a 25 mm x 10 mm i.d. column packed with Oasis HLB materials. In addition to the analyte focusing effect, large volume injection is avoided, thereby allowing the use of totally different biphasic liquid systems to enhance the system orthogonality. The present integrated system simply combines the liquid and solid supports and is successfully applied in a one-step preparative separation of four antioxidative compounds from the ethyl acetate extract of traditional Chinese herbal medicine Rubia cordifolia L. (Rubiaceae), exhibiting great advantages in peak resolution, peak capacity, and instrument integration compared with conventional CCC separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Saunders KC, Ghanem A, Boon Hon W, Hilder EF, Haddad PR. Separation and sample pre-treatment in bioanalysis using monolithic phases: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 652:22-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 05/29/2009] [Accepted: 05/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Pavli V, Kmetec V, Vehovec T. Isolation of Peptide Components of Bacitracin by Preparative HPLC and Solid Phase Extraction (SPE). J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200028153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viljem Pavli
- a Stability Testing Department , KRKA d.d. , 8000 , Novo mesto , Slovenia
| | - Vojko Kmetec
- b Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Tanja Vehovec
- a Stability Testing Department , KRKA d.d. , 8000 , Novo mesto , Slovenia
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Paíga P, Morais S, Correia M, Alves A, Delerue-Matos C. Screening of Carbamates and Ureas in Fresh and Processed Tomato Samples using Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Liquid Chromatography. ANAL LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710802585717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Takahashi Y, Danwittayakul S, Suzuki TM. Dithizone nanofiber-coated membrane for filtration-enrichment and colorimetric detection of trace Hg(ii) ion. Analyst 2009; 134:1380-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b816461d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Ali I, Gupta VK, Aboul-Enein HY. Chiral Resolution of Racemic Environmental Pollutants by Capillary Electrophoresis. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2008; 38:132-46. [DOI: 10.1080/10408340701804467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Macià A, Borrull F, Calull M, Benavente F, Hernández E, Sanz-Nebot V, Barbosa J, Aguilar C. Sensitivity enhancement for the analysis of naproxen in tap water by solid-phase extraction coupled in-line to capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:872-80. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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Fontanals N, Marcé RM, Borrull F. New materials in sorptive extraction techniques for polar compounds. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1152:14-31. [PMID: 17187808 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2006] [Revised: 11/17/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the new developments in material and format technology that improve the extraction of polar compounds in several extraction techniques. They mainly include solid-phase extraction, but there are also other sorptive extraction techniques, such as stir bar sorptive extraction and solid-phase microextraction that use either fibers or in-tube devices. We focus on new synthesised materials that are both commercially available and "in-house". Most novel materials that enhance the extraction of polar compounds are hydrophilic and have large specific surface area; however, we also cover other leading technologies, such as sol-gel or monolith. We describe the morphological and chemical properties of these new sorbents so that we can better understand them and relate them to their capability of retaining polar compounds. We discuss the extraction efficiency for polar compounds when these polymers are used as sorptive material and compare them to other materials. We also mention some representative examples of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fontanals
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, Marcel lí Domingo, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Rodrigues AM, Ferreira V, Cardoso VV, Ferreira E, Benoliel MJ. Determination of several pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction, liquid chromatography and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1150:267-78. [PMID: 17064714 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2006] [Revised: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of pesticides in water samples is a problem of primary concern for quality control laboratories due to the toxicity level of these compounds and their public health risk. In order to evaluate the impact of pesticides in the Lisbon drinking water supply system, following the requirements of the European Union Directive 98/83/EC, we developed and validated an analytical method based on the combination of solid-phase extraction with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. In this work, several pesticides were studied: imidacloprid, dimethoate, cymoxanil, carbendazime, phosmet, carbofuran, isoproturon, diuron, methidathion, linuron, pyrimethanil, methiocarbe, tebuconazole and chlorpyrifos. Several parameters of the electrospray source were optimized in order to get the best formation conditions of the precursor ion for each pesticide, namely capillary and extractor voltage, cone voltage, cone gas flow rate and desolvation gas flow rate. After optimization of the collision cell energy of the triple quadrupole, two different precursor ion-product ion transitions were selected for each pesticide, one for quantification and one for qualification, and these ions were monitored under time-scheduled multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) conditions. The selection of specific fragment ions for each pesticide guarantees a high degree of selectivity as well as additional sensitivity to quantify trace levels of these pesticides in water samples. This method showed excellent linearity ranges for all pesticides, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9989. Determination limits (between 0.0041 and 0.0480 microg/L), precision (RSD <9.18%), accuracy and recovery studies in several water samples using solid-phase extraction were also performed.
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Pinto GMF, Jardim ICSF. USE OF SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION AND HPLC FOR DETERMINATION OF HERBICIDE MULTIRESIDUE RECOVERIES IN WATER. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120003427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. M. F. Pinto
- a Instituto de Química , Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Cx. Postal 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, S.P., Brazil
| | - I. C. S. F. Jardim
- a Instituto de Química , Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Cx. Postal 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, S.P., Brazil
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Schönberg L, Grobosch T, Lampe D, Kloft C. New screening method for basic compounds in urine by on-line extraction–high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1134:177-85. [PMID: 16999974 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2006] [Revised: 08/01/2006] [Accepted: 09/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A fully automated, qualitative screening HPLC method for the identification of basic compounds in urine has been developed. A 1-ml volume of urine was extracted by on-line extraction and separated on two coupled strong cation-exchange (SCX) columns (2 x LunaSCX, 150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) under isocratic conditions. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of potassium dihydrogenphosphate buffer (pH 2.3) and acetonitrile. The use of photodiode-array detection (DAD, lambda = 190-800 nm) gave access to a library of approximately 2600 toxicologically relevant compounds. The validated method is reliable, simple and in addition successfully proven with the analysis of real biological specimen for the routine use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Schönberg
- Berliner Betrieb fuer Zentrale Gesundheitliche Aufgaben (BBGes), Institute of Clinical Toxicology-Clinical Toxicology and Poison Control Center, Oranienburgerstrasse 285, 13437 Berlin, Germany
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38
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Monton MRN, Terabe S. Sample enrichment techniques in capillary electrophoresis: Focus on peptides and proteins. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2006; 841:88-95. [PMID: 16716769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2006] [Revised: 04/17/2006] [Accepted: 04/20/2006] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Compared to chromatography-based techniques, the concentration limits of detection (CLOD) associated with capillary electrophoresis are worse, and these have largely precluded their use in many practical applications. To overcome this limitation, researchers from various disciplines have exerted tremendous efforts toward developing strategies for increasing the concentration sensitivities of capillary electrophoresis (CE) systems, via the so-called sample enrichment techniques. This review highlights selected developments and advances in this area as applied to the analyses of proteins and peptides in the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rowena N Monton
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan
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39
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Oliferova LA, Statkus MA, Tsisin GI, Wang J, Zolotov YA. On-line coupling of sorption preconcentration to liquid-chromatographic methods of analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934806050029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Sobiesiak M, Gawdzik B, Puziy AM, Poddubnaya OI. Polymer-Based Carbon Adsorbents Obtained from Copolymer of 4,4'-Bis(maleimidodiphenyl)methane and Divinylbenzene for Use in SPE. Chromatographia 2006. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-006-0798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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41
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Fontanals N, Trammell BC, Galià M, Marcé RM, Iraneta PC, Borrull F, Neue UD. Comparison of mixed-mode anion-exchange performance ofN-vinylimidazole-divinylbenzene sorbent. J Sep Sci 2006; 29:1622-9. [PMID: 16922279 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A newly synthesized copolymer based on N-vinylimidazole-divinylbenzene (NVIm-DVB) was evaluated as a mixed-mode anion-exchange sorbent for SPE, since the NVIm monomer apart from its hydrophilic properties can be protonated at a certain pH, and then performs as an anion-exchanger. To investigate the behavior of the NVIm-based sorbent, the SPE performance was evaluated under reversed-phase (RP), weak anion-exchange, and strong anion-exchange conditions. The results for the NVIm-DVB sorbent were also compared to commercial reference sorbents from each group: Oasis HLB, Oasis WAX, and Oasis MAX, respectively. SPE results from this evaluation showed that NVIm-DVB can be used as an RP material, compared to Oasis HLB. It also has the potential to act as a strong anion-exchange sorbent, compared to Oasis MAX, since under the proper conditions it was able to fraction and quantitatively recover a group of selected solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Fontanals
- Department de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades Marcel lí Domingo, Tarragona, Spain
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42
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Guermouche MH, Bensalah K. Solid phase extraction and liquid chromatographic determination of sildenafil and N-demethylsidenafil in rat serum with basic mobile phase. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 40:952-7. [PMID: 16242895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2005] [Revised: 07/26/2005] [Accepted: 08/16/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
HPLC method for the determination of sildenafil and its metabolite (N-demethylsildenafil) in rat serum has been developed. The technique included a solid phase extraction of the serum samples on a [poly(divinylbenzene-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone)] solid phase extraction sorbent. After conditioning, the cartridge was loaded with 0.5 mL of buffered serum containing internal standard. Elution was made with 1 mL of acetonitrile. After evaporation of the eluates to dryness and reconstitution with methanol, the samples were analyzed on Kromasil C18 column phase with phosphate buffer 0.05 M/acetonitrile: 54/46, pH 8. Detection was carried out using a photodiode array detector. For sildenafil and demethylsildenafil, full validation of the proposed method was provided (linearity range, calibration curves, average extraction efficiency; average intra-day and interday variabilities, limit of detection, limit of quantification, specificity). The proposed method was successfully utilised to quantify sildenafil and N-demethylsidenafil in rat serum for a pharmacokinetic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Guermouche
- Faculté de Chimie, USTHB, B.P. No. 32, El-Alia, Bab-Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria.
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43
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Yang Y, Li C, Lee KH, Craighead HG. Coupling on-chip solid-phase extraction to electrospray mass spectrometry through an integrated electrospray tip. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:3622-30. [PMID: 16136527 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We report the integration of solid-phase extraction (SPE) with mass spectrometry (MS) through an on-chip electrospray tip for sample precleaning and preconcentration. An in situ polymerized alkylacrylate-based monolithic column was used as the stationary phase for the on-chip SPE. Each microchip consists of two sets of microchannels and their respective integrated electrospray tips, with a common gold electrode. After the microchip was fabricated from cycloolefin polymer by hot embossing, thermal bonding, and annealing steps, a mixture of monomers and porogenic solvents was pumped into the microchannels and certain areas of the main microchannels were exposed to UV irradiation through a mask. The resulting porous monolithic beds that were polymerized from different compositions of the mixture were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The microchip containing the monolithic column was then interfaced to an ion trap (IT) mass spectrometer by modifying a commercially available interfacing system. Makeup solution from the side channel was infused concurrently with the solution flowing into the main channel, and the mixture of these two solutions was sprayed into the MS orifice. Both the adsorption and elution of a pharmaceutical test compound, imipramine, to and from the on-chip SPE columns were monitored by MS. The potential application of this device for sample cleanup was demonstrated by pretreatment of urine samples spiked with imipramine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanou Yang
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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44
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Fontanals NA, Galià M, Cormack PAG, Marcé RM, Sherrington DC, Borrull F. Evaluation of a new hypercrosslinked polymer as a sorbent for solid-phase extraction of polar compounds. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1075:51-6. [PMID: 15974117 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A new hypercrosslinked polymer (HXLGp) with hydrophilic character due to the presence of hydroxyl moieties has been tested as a sorbent for the solid-phase extraction (SPE) of several polar compounds from water samples. This new sorbent enables the on-line extraction of 300 ml of sample with recoveries higher than 80% for polar compounds such as oxamyl, methomyl or desisopropylatrazine (DIA). The HXLGp has also been compared to other commercially available sorbents such as Oasis HLB (hydrophilic macroporous), to hydrophobic hypercrosslinked resins and to a previously synthesized sorbent based on N-vinylimidazole-divinylbenzene. The results are consistently better with the new synthesized sorbent. The method was successfully applied to the on-line SPE-HPLC of tap and river water samples. The validation with river water samples provided good linearity range and detection limits between 0.03 for methomyl and 4-nitrophenol (4NP) to 0.2 microg l(-1) for phenol (Ph).
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria a Fontanals
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, Marcellí domingo, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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45
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Fontanals N, Puig P, Galià M, Marcé RM, Borrull F. New hydrophilic polymeric resin based on 4-vinylpyridine–divinylbenzene for solid-phase extraction of polar compounds from water. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1035:281-4. [PMID: 15124823 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A 4-vinylpyridine-divinylbenzene (VP-DVB) resin was synthesized to be used for on-line solid-phase extraction process and it was tested for a group of polar compounds. The high specific surface area and the nitrogen content of the VP-DVB sorbent increased the interactions with the polar analytes in the preconcentration process. The sorbent enabled 100 ml of water to be concentrated with recoveries higher than 70% for several polar compounds (including phenol) except for oxamyl (55%) and methomyl (43%). The method was used to analyse water samples by liquid chromatography and UV detection. Linearity was good and detection limits were 0.1-0.2 microg l(-1) for all compounds. Several tap and river water and waste water treatment plant samples were analyzed; phenol and (4-chloro-2-methyl-phenoxy)acetic acid (MCPA) were tentatively determined in some samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Fontanals
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Imperial Tàrraco, 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain
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46
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Fontanals N, Galià M, Marcé RM, Borrull F. Solid-phase extraction of polar compounds with a hydrophilic copolymeric sorbent. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1030:63-8. [PMID: 15043254 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new synthesized copolymer based on N-vinylimidazole-divinylbenzene (VIm-DVB) was tested as a sorbent for the solid-phase extraction (SPE) of polar analytes. In the on-line SPE, this synthesized sorbent enabled 100 ml of sample to be preconcentrated with recoveries as high as 80% for oxamyl, phenol (Ph) and derivates, bentazone and (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (MCPA). For the off-line SPE, 1000 ml of sample was extracted and recoveries were higher than 92% for all compounds with the exception of oxamyl (83%) and methomyl (78%). The VIm-DVB sorbent gives better recoveries than the previously synthesized 4-vinylpyridine-divinylbenzene (VP-DVB) resin and similar to such highly crosslinked commercial sorbents as LiChrolut EN or Oasis HLB. Real water samples were used to validate the on-line SPE method. Linearity was good and detection limits were between 0.1 and 0.2 microg l(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Fontanals
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Plaça Imperial Tàrraco 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain
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47
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Luque-Garcıa J, Luque de Castro M. Coupling of pressurized liquid extraction to other steps in environmental analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-9936(04)00302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Tsuda T, Hisanaga M, Inagaki T, Kitagawa S, Miyabe K. Preparation of a New Type of Fiber Adsorbent Attached with Silica Microparticles. ANAL SCI 2004; 20:1061-4. [PMID: 15293402 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20.1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A new type of fiber adsorbent attached with silica microparticles was prepared. The silica microparticles were formed by the polymerization of silica oligomers on glass fibers, which were woven into a glass filter. The surface of the silica microparticles was chemically modified by bonding C18-ligands. SEM images indicated that the diameter of the uniform and spherical silica microparticles fixed on glass fibers was on the order of micrometers. It was confirmed that the glass filter adsorbent was effective for the adsorptive removal of toluene of low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Tsuda
- Materials Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya, Japan.
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49
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Dai J, Ito T, Sun L, Crooks RM. Electrokinetic Trapping and Concentration Enrichment of DNA in a Microfluidic Channel. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:13026-7. [PMID: 14570466 DOI: 10.1021/ja0374776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple and efficient method for enriching the concentration of charged analytes within microfluidic channels. The method relies on exerting spatial control over the electrokinetic velocity of an analyte. Specifically, the electroosmotic (eo) velocity of the buffer solution in one region of the microfluidic system opposes the electrophoretic (ep) velocity of the analyte in the other region. This results in ep transport of DNA to the location where the ep and eo velocities are equal and opposite. Accumulation of the analyte occurs at this location. This enrichment method is conceptually distinct from field-amplification stacking, isotachophoresis, micelle sweeping, size exclusion, and other methods that have been previously reported. The method requires no complex microfabricated structures, no special manipulation of the solvent, and the enriched analyte remains in solution rather than being captured on a solid support. A concentration enrichment factor of 800 can be achieved for 20mer DNA in a fluidic channel having dimensions of 100 mum x 25 mum x 5 mm. The time required to achieve this level of enrichment is 300 s, and the enriched zone has a minimum width of 100 mum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842-3012, USA
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