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Huang Y, Pang J, Zhang S, Huang W. Pretreatment methods in ion chromatography: A review. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465162. [PMID: 39018738 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
As an advanced analytical technology, Ion Chromatography (IC) has been widely used in various fields. At present, it is faced with the challenges of sample complexity and instrument precision. It is necessary to select appropriate pretreatment methods to achieve sample preparation and protect the instruments. Therefore, this paper reviews several commonly used sample pretreatment technologies in IC, focusing on sample digestion and purification techniques. Additionally, we introduce some advanced IC technologies and automatic sample processing devices. We provide a comprehensive summary of the basic principles, primary applications and the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Pretreatment methods should be carefully selected and optimized on the specific characteristics of the sample and the ions to be measured, in order to achieve better analysis results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Huang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430078, China
| | - Jiafeng Pang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430078, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- College of Water Hydraulic and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alaer, China
| | - Weixiong Huang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430078, China; College of Water Hydraulic and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alaer, China.
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2
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Markeviciute I, Frenzel W. Evaluation of a flow-through dialysis probe for sampling and sample preparation: Hyphenation to ion chromatography. Talanta 2018; 186:576-583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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3
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Investigation of retention of undesirable organic matter from aqueous samples in stopped-flow dialysis procedures for inorganic anions. Anal Chim Acta 2018. [PMID: 29534808 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sample preparation is a key issue in the analysis of many real samples using ion chromatography (IC). One of the many means of sample preparation that has received considerable attention in recent years is the stopped-flow in-line dialysis approach hyphenated to IC. Using appropriate dialysis membranes undesirable high-molecular weight compounds, colloids and dispersed particulate matter are retained whereas the analyte ions pass through the membrane and are separated and quantified by IC. However, in the many papers about analytical use of in-line dialysis (not only in connection with IC) the retention of undesirable compounds has never been quantified. This study is a first attempt to fil this gap. The breakthrough (BT) of humic acids (HA) and lignin as model compounds often contained in natural water samples was investigated in the stopped-flow dialysis procedure using different dialysis membranes. BT was measured and quantified by UV-absorption in the receiver solution leaving the dialysis cell. The most important factor for retention of undesired compounds is the pore size or the molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of the dialysis membrane. In addition, the recovery of analytes in acceptable time needs to be considered. The optimized system addresses these two aspects and permits using the proper membrane almost quantitative recovery of several inorganic ions and at the same time almost complete retention of the model interferents. Artificial natural water samples were prepared and analyzed containing a mixture of HA, lignin and a surfactant and a number of anions. In long-term operation no alterations of the dialysis process occurred and no adverse effects in IC separations were observed.
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Frenzel W, Markeviciute I. Membrane-based sample preparation for ion chromatography—Techniques, instrumental configurations and applications. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1479:1-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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OHIRA SI. In-line Electrodialytic Matrices Isolation, Separation and Enrichment for Ionic Solutes Analysis. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2016. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.65.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ohira SI, Kuhara K, Shigetomi A, Yamasaki T, Kodama Y, Dasgupta PK, Toda K. On-line electrodialytic matrix isolation for chromatographic determination of organic acids in wine. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1372C:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Siritham C, Thammakhet C, Thavarungkul P, Kanatharana P. Online microchannel preconcentrator for carbofuran detection. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2013; 48:893-905. [PMID: 23998301 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2013.816556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A simple and rapid online microchannel preconcentrator coupled with an amperometric detection for the analysis of carbofuran using polyethylene glycol coated onto magnetic particle (PEG-magnetic particles) sorbents was developed. This simple-to-prepare microchannel preconcentrator used an external magnet to retain the PEG-magnetic particle sorbents inside the microchannel. Under optimum conditions, the system provided two linear ranges, from 0.01 to 10.0 mg L(-1) and from 10.0 to 130.0 mg L(-1) with a limit of detection of 8.7 ± 0.1 μg L(-1). The microchannel preconcentrator provided very good stability; it can be used for up to 326 consecutive injections of 5.0 mg L(-1) carbofuran with a relative standard deviation of less than 3%. The developed system provided a good microchannel-to-microchannel and a good electrode-to-electrode reproducibility (n = 6, %RSD < 1). It also provided an excellent selectivity when it was tested with two other carbamate pesticides, carbaryl and methomyl, with a 43 and 256 times higher detection sensitivity for carbofuran, respectively. The developed system was successfully applied to detect carbofuran in surface water samples obtained near vegetable plantation areas. The concentrations of carbofuran in these samples were found to be in the range of non-detectable to 0.047 ± 0.001 mg L(-1). The developed system is easy to operate and easy to couple with other analytical instruments and it could be easily adapted for the analysis of other polar organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charinrat Siritham
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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Ohira SI, Kuhara K, Kudo M, Kodama Y, Dasgupta PK, Toda K. Electrodialytic Ion Isolation for Matrix Removal. Anal Chem 2012; 84:5421-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300982k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Ohira
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami 860-8555, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019-0065, United States
| | - Kenta Kuhara
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami 860-8555, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019-0065, United States
| | - Mayu Kudo
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami 860-8555, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019-0065, United States
| | - Yuko Kodama
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami 860-8555, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019-0065, United States
| | - Purnendu K. Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami 860-8555, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019-0065, United States
| | - Kei Toda
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami 860-8555, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019-0065, United States
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Nitiyanontakit S, Varanusupakul P, Ngamukot P. Single strand hollow fiber membrane (SSHFM): An on-line sample preparation for the flow based colorimetric determination of free iron in fruit juices. Talanta 2011; 84:1304-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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NAKASHIMA Y, SUZUKI S, YAMAZAKI M, INOUE Y, FUKATSU Y, YAMAMOTO A. Simultaneous Determination of Ionic and Neutral Preservatives by Inline Dialysis-ion Chromatography Coupled with a Hydrophobic-ion Exchange Mixed Mode Column. ANAL SCI 2011; 27:889-92. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nakashima Y, Suzuki S, Yamazaki M, Inoue Y, Fukatsu Y, Yamamoto A. Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate in Meet Products by Inline Dialysis Ion Chromatography. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2010. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.59.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuta Fukatsu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University
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Buldini PL, Ricci L, Sharma JL. Recent applications of sample preparation techniques in food analysis. J Chromatogr A 2002; 975:47-70. [PMID: 12458748 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Even with the emergence of advanced techniques of separation and identification, it is rarely possible to analyse food without manipulation. The traditional techniques for sample preparation are time consuming and require large amount of reagents, which are expensive, generate considerable waste, contaminate the sample and can enrich it for analytes. The more analytical techniques have become highly developed, the more has sample clean-up become important in order to fully take advantage of them. Due to the multiplicity of food matrices, it is not possible to use one sample preparation technique, so many methods have been proposed for meeting all the requirements. The newest variations of wet digestion, solvent and sorbent extraction and membrane separation are summarised and their most recent applications to food analysis are provided.
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