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Wadie M, Abdel-Moety EM, Rezk MR, Marzouk HM. A novel smartphone HPTLC assaying platform versus traditional densitometric method for simultaneous quantification of alfuzosin and solifenacin in their dosage forms as well as monitoring content uniformity and drug residues on the manufacturing equipment. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11642-11651. [PMID: 37063718 PMCID: PMC10102882 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01211e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The large popularity and rapid technology of smartphones have opened new avenues for their integration into different analytical methodologies and drug quality monitoring as a portable, easily accessible, and user-friendly detector. Herein, a novel and portable smartphone-based high-performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) approach is proposed for the simultaneous analysis of two urological drugs, alfuzosin and solifenacin, which treat benign prostatic hyperplasia accompanied by overactive bladder syndrome. First, chromatographic separation was accomplished using an ecofriendly mobile phase, then the developed plates were visualized using Dragendorff's reagent and photographed via a smartphone's rear-facing camera fixed on a fabricated two-illumination-source chamber. The intensities of the drug spots were quantified using open-source image analysis software ImageJ over the concentration ranges of 2.0 to 30.0 μg per band for both drugs with acceptable results in ICH validation parameters. To improve the method's accuracy and reproducibility, various construction and shooting key parameters were investigated and optimized. Moreover, the study was extended to compare the obtained results with those of a benchtop densitometric method using a Camag TLC Scanner 3 at 215.0 nm; the densitometric method provided an additional assessment tool for peak purity and was capable of assaying lower drug concentrations over a linearity range of 0.2-8.0 μg per band for alfuzosin and 0.1-6.0 μg per band for solifenacin. The fast, simple, reliable, green merits of the proposed HPTLC/smartphone method suggest that it is an excellent platform for assaying marketed combined capsules and assuring their content uniformity. Moreover, the high sensitivity of the densitometric method was used, for the first time, to determine the residual content of the cited drugs on manufacturing equipment surfaces for cleaning validation. Finally, the environmental impact of the developed methods was evaluated based on green analytical chemistry principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Wadie
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy - Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street ET-11562 Cairo Egypt +20 1277978958
| | - Ezzat M Abdel-Moety
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy - Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street ET-11562 Cairo Egypt +20 1277978958
| | - Mamdouh R Rezk
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy - Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street ET-11562 Cairo Egypt +20 1277978958
| | - Hoda M Marzouk
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy - Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street ET-11562 Cairo Egypt +20 1277978958
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Comparative validations of non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography methods for the simultaneous determination of histamine H2 receptor antagonists in human urine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 921-922:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Validation of a Simple Spectrophotometric Method for the Measurement of Quaternary Ammonium Compound Residue Concentrations in Food Production Facility. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-012-9537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Cleaning level acceptance criteria and HPLC-DAD method validation for the determination of Nabumetone residues on manufacturing equipment using swab sampling. J Pharm Anal 2012; 2:478-483. [PMID: 29403787 PMCID: PMC5760904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of cross contamination with active pharmaceutical ingredients is crucial and requires special attention in pharmaceutical industries. Current method validation describes the determination of Nabumetone (NAB) residue on a stainless steel surface using swab sampling with a sensitive HPLC-DAD analysis. The acceptance limit was decided as 2 μg swab per 100 cm2. Cotton swabs impregnated with extraction solution were used to determine residual drug content. Recoveries were 90.88%, 91.42%, and 92. 21% with RSD ranging from 2.2% to 3.88% at three concentration levels. Residual concentration was found to be linear in the range of 0.1–4.56 μg/mL, when estimated using a Phenomenex Luna C18 (25 cm×5 μm×4.6 mm i.d.) column at 1.0 mL/min flow rate and 230 nm. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of methanol:acetonitrile:water (55:30:15, v/v/v). The LOD and LOQ for NAB were found to be 0.05 and 0.16 μg/mL, respectively. The validated method was found to be simple, selective and sensitive for demonstration of cleaning validation of NAB residues on a stainless steel surface.
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Tatar Ulu S, Tuncel M. A Sensitive and Rapid Determination of Ranitidine in Human Plasma by HPLC with Fluorescence Detection and its Application for a Pharmacokinetic Study. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50:301-6. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Akl MA, Ahmed MA, Ramadan A. Validation of an HPLC-UV method for the determination of ceftriaxone sodium residues on stainless steel surface of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipments. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 55:247-52. [PMID: 21330092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In pharmaceutical industry, an important step consists in the removal of possible drug residues from the involved equipments and areas. The cleaning procedures must be validated and methods to determine trace amounts of drugs have, therefore, to be considered with special attention. An HPLC-UV method for the determination of ceftriaxone sodium residues on stainless steel surface was developed and validated in order to control a cleaning procedure. Cotton swabs, moistened with extraction solution (50% water and 50% mobile phase), were used to remove any residues of drugs from stainless steel surfaces, and give recoveries of 91.12, 93.8 and 98.7% for three concentration levels. The precision of the results, reported as the relative standard deviation (RSD), were below 1.5%. The method was validated over a concentration range of 1.15-6.92 μg ml(-1). Low quantities of drug residues were determined by HPLC-UV using a Hypersil ODS 5 μm (250×4.6 mm) at 50 °C with an acetonitrile:water:pH 7:pH 5 (39-55-5.5-0.5) mobile phase at flow rate of 1.5 ml min(-1), an injection volume of 20 μl and were detected at 254 nm. A simple, selective and sensitive HPLC-UV assay for the determination of ceftriaxone sodium residues on stainless steel surfaces was developed, validated and applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda A Akl
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Chang YX, Qiu YQ, Du LM, Li CF, Guo M. Determination of ranitidine, nizatidine, and cimetidine by a sensitive fluorescent probe. Analyst 2011; 136:4168-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15078b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Pfaffen V, Ortiz PI. Alternative Method with Amperometric Detection for Ranitidine Determination. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie901895a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Pfaffen
- INFIQC, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Patricia Inés Ortiz
- INFIQC, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
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Validation of an HPLC-UV method for the determination of digoxin residues on the surface of manufacturing equipment. JOURNAL OF THE SERBIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2009. [DOI: 10.2298/jsc0910143t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, an important step consists in the removal of possible drug residues from the involved equipments and areas. The cleaning procedures must be validated and methods to determine trace amounts of drugs have, therefore, to be considered with special attention. An HPLC-UV method for the determination of digoxin residues on stainless steel surfaces was developed and validated in order to control a cleaning procedure. Cotton swabs, moistened with methanol were used to remove any residues of drugs from stainless steel surfaces, and give recoveries of 85.9, 85.2 and 78.7 % for three concentration levels. The precision of the results, reported as the relative standard deviation (RSD), were below 6.3 %. The method was validated over a concentration range of 0.05-12.5 ?g mL-1. Low quantities of drug residues were determined by HPLC-UV using a Symmetry C18 column (150?4.6) mm, 5 ?m) at 20?C with an acetonitrile-water (28:72, v/v) mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.1 mL min-1, an injection volume of 100 ?L and were detected at 220 nm. A simple, selective and sensitive HPLC-UV assay for the determination of digoxin residues on stainless steel was developed, validated and applied.
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Milenović DM, Lazić ML, Veljković VV, Todorović ZT. Validation of an HPLC method for analysis of nifedipine residues on stainless-steel surfaces in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.20.2008.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Natishan TK. Recent Developments of Achiral HPLC Methods in Pharmaceuticals Using Various Detection Modes. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120030603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa K. Natishan
- a Merck & Co., Inc., Merck Research Laboratories , RY818‐C215, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway , New Jersey , 07065 , USA
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Sajonz P, Natishan TK, Wu Y, McGachy NT, DeTora D. Development and Validation of a Sensitive and Robust Wipe‐Test Method for the Detection and Quantification of the Antibiotic Ertapenem and its Primary Degradates in a Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Environment. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200048892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sajonz
- a Merck Research Laboratories , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Yan Wu
- a Merck Research Laboratories , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Neil T. McGachy
- a Merck Research Laboratories , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - David DeTora
- a Merck Research Laboratories , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway, New Jersey, USA
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Issa YM, Badawy SS, Mutair AA. Ion-Selective Electrodes for Potentiometric Determination of Ranitidine Hydrochloride, Applying Batch and Flow Injection Analysis Techniques. ANAL SCI 2005; 21:1443-8. [PMID: 16379383 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21.1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
New ranitidine hydrochloride (RaCl)-selective electrodes of the conventional polymer membrane type are described. They are based on incorporation of ranitidine-tetraphenylborate (Ra-TPB) ion-pair or ranitidine-phosphotungstate (RaPT) ion-associate in a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane plasticized with dioctylphthalate (DOP) or dibutylphthalate (DBP). The electrodes are fully characterized in terms of the membrane composition, solution temperature, and pH. The sensors showed fast and stable responses. Nernstian response was found over the concentration range of 2.0 x 10(-5) M to 1.0 x 10(-2) M and 1.0 x 10(-5) M to 1.0 x 10(-2) M in the case of Ra-TPB electrode and over the range of 1.03 x 10(-5) M to 1.00 x 10(-2) M and 1.0 x 10(-5) M to 1.0 x 10(-2) M in the case of Ra-PT electrode for batch and FIA systems, respectively. The electrodes exhibit good selectivity for RaCl with respect to a large number of common ions, sugars, amino acids, and components other than ranitidine hydrochloride of the investigated mixed drugs. The electrodes have been applied to the potentiometric determination of RaCl in pure solutions and in pharmaceutical preparations under batch and flow injection conditions with a lower detection limit of 1.26 x 10(-5) M and 5.62 x 10(-6) M at 25 +/- 1 degrees C. An average recovery of 100.91% and 100.42% with a relative standard deviation of 0.72% and 0.53% has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousry M Issa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Nozal MJ, Bernal JL, Jiménez JJ, Martín MT, Diez FJ. Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic method for determination of lacidipine residues on surfaces in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1024:115-22. [PMID: 14753713 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the assay of lacidipine residues in swabs collected from various surfaces involved in drug manufacture is described. The swabbing procedure using two cotton swabs was validated applying a wipe test. An RP-HPLC method, developed to determine low quantities of the drug in the presence of its main impurities, was also validated. To remove drug residues from stainless steel and glass surfaces, the first cotton swab must be soaked preferably in acetonitrile whereas, on vinyl surfaces better results are obtained using methanol. The HPLC method selected involves a C12 column, at 40 degrees C, a mixture of acetonitrile-0.05 M ammonium acetate (88:12, v/v) as a mobile phase and UV detection at 282 nm. Recoveries obtained are strongly dependent on the type of surface tested, being higher on stainless steel. The surface material has also different influence on the drug stability. The method was validated over a range of 0.5-100 microg/400 cm2 and had a detection limit of 0.1 microg/400 cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Nozal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, E-47005 Valladolid, Spain.
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Klinkenberg R, Streel B, Ceccato A. Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic method for the determination of amlodipine residues on manufacturing equipment surfaces. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2003; 32:345-52. [PMID: 12763545 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(03)00109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, an important step consists in the removal of possible drug residues from the involved equipment and areas. The cleaning procedures must be validated and the methods to determine trace amounts of drugs have therefore to be considered with special attention. A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of amlodipine residues in swab samples was developed and validated in order to control a cleaning procedure. The swabbing procedure was optimized in order to obtain a suitable recovery of amlodipine from stainless steel. A mean recovery close to 90% was obtained when two swabs moistened with methanol were used. The residual amlodipine was chromatographed at 25 degrees C in the isocratic mode on a RP-18 stationary phase using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile, methanol and pH 3.0 triethylamine solution (15:35:50 v/v/v). UV detection was performed at 237 nm. The method was shown to be selective and linear into the concentration range varying from 0.39 to 1.56 microg/ml. Accuracy and precision of the method were also studied. The limits of detection and quantitation were evaluated to be 0.02 and 0.08 microg/ml, respectively. The stability of amlodipine at different steps of the sampling procedure and the precision of the swabbing procedure were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Klinkenberg
- Galephar M/F, 39, rue du Parc Industriel, B-6900 Marche-en-Famenne, Belgium
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Nozal MJ, Bernal JL, Toribio L, Martín MT, Diez FJ. Development and validation of an LC assay for sumatriptan succinate residues on surfaces in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002; 30:285-91. [PMID: 12191714 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(02)00336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the assay of sumatriptan succinate residues in swabs collected from manufacturing equipment surfaces was developed and validated in order to control a cleaning procedure. The swabbing procedure using two cotton swabs moistened with water was validated applying a wipe-test and a HPLC method developed to determine low quantities of the drug. The HPLC method involves a C18 column at 25 degrees C, a mixture of ammonium phosphate monobasic (0.05 M)-acetonitrile (84:16, v/v) as a mobile phase and UV detection at 228 nm. Using the proposed method, the average recoveries obtained are of 88.5% for vinyl, 94.2% for glass and 95.2% for stainless steel plates with RSD of 5.5 (n=36), 2.3 (n=36), 2.2% (n=36), respectively. The method was successfully applied to the assay of real swab samples collected from the equipment surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Nozal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, E-47005 Valladolid, Spain.
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