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Investigations into the interaction thermodynamics of TRAP-related peptides with a temperature-responsive polymer-bonded porous silica stationary phase. Anal Chim Acta X 2019; 1:100008. [PMID: 33117975 PMCID: PMC7587034 DOI: 10.1016/j.acax.2019.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction thermodynamics of the thrombin receptor agonistic peptide (TRAP-1), H-Ser-Phe-Leu-Leu-Arg-Asn-Pro-OH, and a set of alanine scan substitution peptides, have been investigated with an n-octadecylacrylic polymer-bonded porous silica (Sil-ODA18) and water-acetonitrile mobile phases at temperatures ranging from 5 to 80 °C in 5 °C increments. The retention of these peptides on the Sil-ODA18 stationary phase decreased as the water content in the mobile phase was lowered from 80% (v/v) to ca. 45% (v/v) and reached a minimum value for each peptide at a specific water-acetonitrile composition. Further decreases in the water content of the mobile phase led to increased retention. The magnitude of the changes in enthalpy of interaction, Δ H a s s o c 0 , changes in entropy of interaction, Δ S a s s o c 0 , and changes in heat capacity, Δ C p 0 , were found to be dependent on the molecular properties of the mobile phase, the temperature, the structure/mobility of the stationary phase, and the conformation and solvation state of the peptides. With water-rich mobile phases, the retention behaviour of the TRAP analogues was dominated by enthalpic processes, consistent with the participation of strong hydrogen bonding effects, but became dominated by entropic effects with acetonitrile-rich mobile phases as the temperature was increased. These changes in the retention behaviour of these TRAP peptides are consistent with the generation of water or acetonitrile clusters in the mobile phase depending on the volume fractions of the organic solvent as the Sil-ODA18 stationary phase transitions from its crystalline to its isotropic state.
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Niu R, Min Y, Geng X. Fast separation of native proteins using sub-2 μm nonporous silica particles in a chromatographic cake. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 28:1102-11. [PMID: 25165791 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for the fast separation of native proteins was investigated using sub-2 μm nonporous silica packing inside a chromatographic cake having a diameter much larger than its thickness. Various silica-based particles ranging from 630 nm to 1.2 μm were synthesized and chemically modified with polyethylene glycol 600. The packing material was laterally packed into a series of chromatographic cakes containing the same diameter (10mm) and different thicknesses, ranging from 2 to 10 mm, and tested by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The results showed that the sub-2 μm NPS particles in a small chromatographic cake were found to have a high efficiency at a flow rate of 10 mL/min and a backpressure of <20 MPa. The effect of the thickness of the chromatographic cake on the resolution of the proteins was also investigated and it was found that too short a column length could dramatically decrease the protein resolution; the minimum column length was also qualitatively evaluated. The presented method is expected to be useful for routine analysis of native and/or intact proteins in hospitals and as a tool for the fast screening protein drugs and optimization of experimental laboratory conditions.
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LI J, ZHANG HF, SHI YP. In-situ Synthesis and Normal Chromatographic Properties of Nonporous SiO2/ZrO2 Core-shell Composite Microspheres. ANAL SCI 2011; 27:447. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia LI
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources & Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hong-Fei ZHANG
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources & Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yan-Ping SHI
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources & Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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4
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Ivanov AE, Turková J, Čapka M, Zubov VP. Immobilization of Pepsin onto Wide-Porous and Nonporous ω-Aminoalkylderivatized Inorganic Supports. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10242429008992066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Ivanov
- Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow, USSR
| | - J. Turková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechoslovakia
| | - M. Čapka
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechoslovakia
| | - V. P. Zubov
- Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow, USSR
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5
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Melter L, Ströhlein G, Butté A, Morbidelli M. Adsorption of monoclonal antibody variants on analytical cation-exchange resin. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1154:121-31. [PMID: 17451722 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2006] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody (MAb) variants differing by one or two C-terminal lysine residues can be separated by cation-exchange chromatography due to the difference in their charge distribution. The adsorption of the three MAb variants on a weak cation-exchange resin was characterized using directly the raw mixture in spite of the presence of some impurities. The effects of both, pH and eluent salt concentration, on the adsorption isotherm were investigated. Under certain experimental conditions distorted peak shapes and even peak doubling for single variant injections were obtained, in addition to unexpectedly long retention times. These observations were explained based on equilibrium theory. The separation of the MAb variants was designed for an isocratic and a linear salt gradient operation. The corresponding optimal values of pH and salt concentration were determined. The use of salt gradients not only allows reducing the process time and increasing enrichment of the variants, but also leads to some loss in purity. A baseline separation could be obtained under isocratic and strongly adsorbing conditions at pH 6.3. A lumped kinetic model and a procedure for estimating the corresponding parameters were developed and validated by comparison with experimental elution chromatograms in a wide range of operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Melter
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Hearn MTW, Anspach B. CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND BIOCHEMICAL CONCEPTS IN ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF PROTEINS*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/spm-100108160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Dauly C, Perlman DH, Costello CE, McComb ME. Protein separation and characterization by np-RP-HPLC followed by intact MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and peptide mass mapping analyses. J Proteome Res 2006; 5:1688-700. [PMID: 16823977 PMCID: PMC2590652 DOI: 10.1021/pr060108z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Because of their complexity, the separation of intact proteins from complex mixtures is an important step to comparative proteomics and the identification and characterization of the proteins by mass spectrometry (MS). In the study reported, we evaluated the use of nonporous-reversed-phase (np-RP)-HPLC for intact protein separation prior to MS analyses. The separation system was characterized and compared to 1D-SDS-PAGE electrophoresis in terms of resolution and sensitivity. We demonstrate that np-RP-HPLC protein separation is highly reproducible and provides intact protein fractions which can be directly analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS for intact molecular weight determination. An in-well digestion protocol was developed, allowing for rapid protein identification by peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) and resulted in comparable or improved peptide recovery compared with in-gel digestion. The np-RP sensitivity of detection by UV absorbance at 214 nm for intact proteins was at the low ng level and the sensitivity of peptide analysis by MALDI-TOF-MS was in the 10-50 fmol level. A membrane protein fraction was characterized to demonstrate application of this methodology. Among the identified proteins, multiple forms of vimentin were observed. Overall, we demonstrate that np-RP-HPLC followed by MALDI-TOF-MS allows for rapid, sensitive, and reproducible protein fractionation and very specific protein characterization by integration of PMF analysis with MS intact molecular weight information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Dauly
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - David H. Perlman
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Catherine E. Costello
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Mark E. McComb
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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8
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Yang X, Ma L, Carr PW. High temperature fast chromatography of proteins using a silica-based stationary phase with greatly enhanced low pH stability. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1079:213-20. [PMID: 16038307 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) is very widely used for the separation and characterization of proteins and peptides. A novel type of highly stable silica-based stationary phase has been developed for protein separations. A dense monolayer of dimethyl-(chloromethyl)phenylethyl)-chlorosilane (DM-CMPES) on the surface of silica is "hyper-crosslinked" with a polyfunctional aromatic crosslinker through Friedel-Crafts chemistry resulting in stationary phases with extraordinary stability in acidic media. Elemental analysis data confirm the high degree of cross-linking among the surface groups. The hyper-crosslinked phases are extremely stable under highly acidic mobile phase conditions even at a temperature as high as 150 degrees C. A wide-pore (300 A) material made in this way is used here to separate proteins by a reversed-phase mechanism and compared to a commercially available "sterically protected" C18 phase. For small molecules, including neutral and basic compounds, these crosslinked phases give comparable peak shape and efficiency to the commercial phase. Our results show that no pore blockage takes place as commonly afflicts polymer coated phases. In consequence, protein separations on the new phases are acceptable. Using strong ion-pairing reagents, such as HPF6, improves the separation efficiency. Compared to the commercial phases, these new phases can be used at lower pHs and much higher temperatures thereby enabling much faster separations which is the primary focus of this work. Better efficiency for proteins was obtained at high temperature. However, at conventional linear velocities the instability of proteins at high temperature becomes a problem which establishes an upper temperature limit. Uses of a narrowbore column and high flow rates both solves this problem by reducing the time that proteins spend on the hot column and, of course, speeds up the separation of the protein mixture. Finally, an ultrafast gradient (<1 min) protein separation was obtained by utilizing the high temperature and thus high linear velocities afforded by the extreme stability of these new phases. The phases are stable even after 50h of exposure to 0.1% TFA at 120 degrees C. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Csaba Horvath whose work in high temperature HPLC inspired the development of the stationary phases described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Smith and Kolthoff Hall, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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9
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Munoz R, Barcelo A. Enzymes. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2004. [DOI: 10.1201/b11081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Chapter 2 Reversed-phase and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(02)80027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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11
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Hearn MT. Physicochemical factors in polypeptide and protein purification and analysis by high-performance liquid chromatographic techniques: current status and challenges for the future. HANDBOOK OF BIOSEPARATIONS 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0149-6395(00)80050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Kennedy RT, German I, Thompson JE, Witowski SR. Fast analytical-scale separations by capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography. Chem Rev 1999; 99:3081-132. [PMID: 11749511 DOI: 10.1021/cr980134j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R T Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200
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13
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Mayr G, Welsch T. Influence of viscous heat dissipation on efficiency in high-speed high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Cruzado ID, Cockrill SL, McNeal CJ, Macfarlane RD. Characterization and quantitation of apolipoprotein B-100 by capillary electrophoresis. J Lipid Res 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)34216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Lee WC. Protein separation using non-porous sorbents. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 699:29-45. [PMID: 9392366 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This article overviews the development of non-porous sorbents having small particle diameters which have proven effective for rapid analysis and micropreparative separation of proteins by liquid chromatography. Much attention is given to the preparation and application of silica- and polystyrene-based non-porous packings for various chromatographic modes, especially affinity chromatography. Modeling works on the prediction and parameter estimation for the dynamics of protein adsorption using non-porous sorbents are reviewed and briefly described. To conclude this review, future prospects of the application of non-porous sorbents are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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16
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Pötter W, Lamotte S, Engelhardt H, Karst U. Non-porous silica for ultrafast reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of aldehyde and ketone 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones. J Chromatogr A 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(97)00564-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Rapid separation of peptides and proteins on 2-μm porous microspherical reversed-phase silica material. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00966-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Hanson M, Unger KK, Mant CT, Hodges RS. Optimization strategies in ultrafast reversed-phase chromatography of proteins. Trends Analyt Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-9936(96)80766-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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19
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Nimura N, Itoh H. Reversed-phase HPLC separation of proteins on chemically bonded silica gel columns. Mol Biotechnol 1996; 5:11-6. [PMID: 8853012 DOI: 10.1007/bf02762408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) separation of proteins on chemically bonded silica gel columns is described. Efficiency of nonporous alkylsilyl bonded silica gel is compared with that of a macroporous gel that has been widely used for the purpose. A comparative study of the separation under conventional and fast separation conditions is also given. The fast separation technique on the nonporous reversed-phase column has the advantage of improving the recovery of late-eluting hydrophobic and large proteins, such as ovalbumin and apoferritin.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nimura
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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El Rassi Z. Recent progress in reversed-phase and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of carbohydrate species. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)01298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Performance of pH elution in high-performance affinity chromatography of proteins using non-porous silica. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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de Collongue-Poyet B, Vidal-Madjar C, Sebille B, Unger KK. Study of conformational effects of recombinant interferon gamma adsorbed on a non-porous reversed-phase silica support. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 1995; 664:155-61. [PMID: 7757220 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(94)00401-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Reversed-phase chromatography is a powerful method for separating recombinant interferon gamma and one of its analogues differing only by a single amino acid residue. Structural differences of the proteins explain this separation ability as demonstrated from adsorption studies on a non-porous reversed-phase support. To reveal the structural differences occurring in the adsorbed state, two different and independent methods were employed. The variation of the retention with the slope of the linear gradient gave information about the molecular contact area of the protein with the support. For different experimental conditions, these data were correlated with the adsorbent capacities measured on an n-octadecyl-modified non-porous silica support. These supports are useful for these types of experiments because the protein is adsorbed exclusively at the external surface of the beads. Moreover, a small amount of protein is necessary to saturate the column, owing to its low capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B de Collongue-Poyet
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Biopolymères, UMR 27, CNRS-Université Paris Val de Marne, Thiais, France
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23
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Chapter 2 Reversed-Phase and Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography of Carbohydrates and Glycoconjugates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(08)60507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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24
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Itoh H, Kinoshita T, Nimura N. Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Separation of Small Molecules on Nonporous C18 Silica Gel Column. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079308020936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Koyama J, Nomura J, Shiojima Y, Ohtsu Y, Horii I. Effect of column length and elution mechanism on the separation of proteins by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(92)85205-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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26
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Application of non-porous silica ultramicrospheres to high-performance liquid chromatographic column packings. J Chromatogr A 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(92)80148-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Itoh H, Nimura N, Kinoshita T, Nagae N, Nomura M. Fast protein separation by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on octadecylsilyl-bonded nonporous silica gel. II. Improvement in recovery of hydrophobic proteins. Anal Biochem 1991; 199:7-10. [PMID: 1666942 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(91)90261-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recovery of hydrophobic proteins from an RP-HPLC column was improved using a fast-separation RP-HPLC system operated at room temperature. Hydrophobic proteins such as ovalbumin could be adequately eluted from a nonporous octadecylsilyl (C18) spherical silica gel with a particle diameter of 20 microns using steep gradient elution with a 0.1% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid-acetonitrile system at a constant flow rate of 4 ml/min. Recoveries improved under fast separation since the protein sample suffered only a slight amount of irreversible denaturation on the hydrophobic surface of the stationary phase. The fast-separation system was also applied to the separation of larger proteins such as apo-ferritin (443 kDa) and thyroglobulin (669 kDa) as well as egg white proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Itoh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Fast protein separation by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on octadecylsilyl-bonded non-porous silica gel. J Chromatogr A 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(91)85078-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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31
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General methods to render macroporous stationary phases nonporous and deformable, exemplified with agarose and silica beads and their use in high-performance ion-exchange and hydrophobic-interaction chromatography of proteins. Chromatographia 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02290503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Nagae N, Itoh H, Nimura N, Kinoshita T, Takeuchi T. Rapid separation of proteins and peptides by reversed-phase microcolumn liquid chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/mcs.1220030103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Non-porous polybutadiene-coated silicas as stationary phases in reversed-phase chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)95727-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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34
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Kato Y, Nakatani S, Kitamura T, Yamasaki Y, Hashimoto T. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of proteins and peptides on a pellicular support based on hydrophilic resin. J Chromatogr A 1990; 502:416-22. [PMID: 2341510 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)89607-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Kato
- Central Research Laboratory, Tosoh Corporation, Yamaguchi, Japan
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35
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Mhatre R, Krull IS, Stuting HH. Determination of biopolymer (protein) molecular weights by gradient elution, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with low-angle laser light scattering detection. J Chromatogr A 1990; 502:21-46. [PMID: 2324226 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)89561-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The determination of molecular weights for certain proteins has been performed. This has involved the on-line coupling of gradient elution, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS) detection. A new 1.5-micron, non-porous, Monosphere RP-C8 column has been used in order to perform fast and conventional RP-HPLC gradients (5-45 min). Traditional specific refractive index increment (dn/dc) and refractive index (n) measurements have been performed in order to derive absolute weight-average molecular weight (Mw) information for ribonuclease A, lysozyme, and bovine serum albumin. Standard mixtures of known concentrations of each protein have been separated using reversed-phase gradients utilizing acetonitrile with on-line LALLS determination of excess Rayleigh scattering factors. Accurate Mw data have been obtained for all three proteins, but only under certain, conventional reversed-phase gradient elution conditions. Between 5-10 min of fast gradient elution, each protein appears to exhibit unusual Mw values, suggestive of aggregate formations. Methods have been developed to define the nature of such aggregates. The on-line coupling of modern RP-HPLC for biopolymers with LALLS represents a major step forward in the ability of bioanalytical chemists to determine the nature (monomer versus aggregate) of such materials. Other classes of biopolymers should prove suitable for studies with the same RP-HPLC-LALLS-UV approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mhatre
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
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36
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Kato Y, Kitamura T, Nakatani S, Hashimoto T. High-performance hydrophobic interaction chromatography of proteins on a pellicular support based on hydrophilic resin. J Chromatogr A 1989; 483:401-5. [PMID: 2625441 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)93141-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Kato
- Central Research Laboratory, Tosoh Corporation, Tonda, Shinnanyo, Japan
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Yamasaki Y, Kitamura T, Nakatani S, Kato Y. Recovery of proteins and peptides with nanogram loads on non-porous packings. J Chromatogr A 1989; 481:391-6. [PMID: 2592499 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)96785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamasaki
- Central Research Laboratory, Tosoh Corporation, Yamaguchi, Japan
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39
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Liao JL, Hjertén S. High-performance liquid chromatography of proteins on compressed, non-porous agarose beads. II. Anion-exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1988; 457:175-82. [PMID: 3243883 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)82065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Macroporous agarose beads were rendered impermeable to proteins by shrinkage and cross-linking in organic solvents. The chromatographic properties of compressed beds of these non-porous beads derivatized for high-performance ion-exchange chromatography were studied, e.g., the resolution as a function of gradient time, flow-rate (at constant gradient volume) and loading capacity. The columns permit high flow-rates and the resolution is about the same at low and high flow-rates. The beads are stable up to pH 14.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Uppsala, Sweden
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40
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Hjertén S, Liao JL. High-performance liquid chromatography of proteins on compressed, non-porous agarose beads. I. Hydrophobic-interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1988; 457:165-74. [PMID: 3243882 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)82064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Macroporous agarose beads were converted into non-porous beads by shrinkage and cross-linking in organic solvents. These beads could be used for high-performance hydrophobic-interaction chromatography without derivatization with non-polar ligands, because the 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, used as cross-linker, gives relatively hydrophobic bridges. The resolution for compressed columns packed with these beads was determined as a function of gradient time at constant flow-rate, flow-rate at constant gradient volume and flow-rate at constant gradient time and as a function of loading capacity. Interestingly, the resolution is virtually independent of flow-rate at constant gradient volume even when the column is packed with relatively large beads (diameter 30 microns). The beads have the advantage of being stable up to pH 14.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hjertén
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Uppsala, Sweden
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41
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Hearn MT, Aguilar MI, Mant CT, Hodges RS. High-performance liquid chromatography of amino acids, peptides and proteins. LXXXV. Evaluation of the use of hydrophobicity coefficients for the prediction of peptide elution profiles. J Chromatogr A 1988; 438:197-210. [PMID: 3384884 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)90250-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The gradient elution behaviour of five synthetic decapeptide analogues has been investigated using an octadecylsilica stationary phase and trifluoroacetic acid-water-acetonitrile mobile phases. The influence of gradient time and flow-rate on the relative retentions and bandwidths of these peptides was assessed using quantitative expressions derived from linear solvent strength theory and general plate height theory. Linear relationships between logarithmic median capacity factors, log k, and the mole fraction of organic solvent modifier, phi, were observed over the experimental range of conditions used. The slopes of these plots were different for all peptides, which indicates that divergences will occur in the prediction of peptide retention times due to conformation dependent changes in hydrophobic contact area occupancy at the stationary phase surface. However, the differences in S values (tangent to the curve obtained in a plot of log k versus phi) for these peptides were not substantial enough to seriously affect the prediction of peptide retention times at one gradient slope from those observed at another. In addition, significant differences existed between experimental and theoretical peak capacity data of these peptide analogues of similar molecular weight and overall polarity, particularly at lower flow-rates or longer residence times. These results once again demonstrate that additional diffusional and interactive processes occur during the reversed-phase separation of peptides and proteins which are not yet adequately formalized by current chromatographic theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Hearn
- Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Hearn MT. General strategies in the separation of proteins by high-performance liquid chromatographic methods. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1987; 418:3-26. [PMID: 3305545 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(87)80002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
General fractionation strategies for the high-resolution purification of proteins are described. The impact of different separation parameters and resolution optimisation approaches with tandem-based systems on retention and recovery behaviour is reviewed. Procedures for the successful linkage of different chromatographic steps into a preferred sequence of operations are discussed in terms of the underlying principles and modus operandi of high-performance liquid chromatographic purification of proteins and related biomacromolecules.
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