1
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Astaxanthin improved the storage stability of docosahexaenoic acid-enriched eggs by inhibiting oxidation of non-esterified poly-unsaturated fatty acids. Food Chem 2022; 381:132256. [PMID: 35123229 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the potential and mechanism of action of astaxanthin, to improve the stability of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6(n-3); DHA) enriched egg products, during storage at 4 °C. The reduction in DHA content after 42 days of storage in astaxanthin-DHA eggs (from hens fed supplemental astaxanthin and DHA) was <3%, whereas the reduction in regular-DHA eggs (hens fed DHA only) was over 17%. Astaxanthin also decreased production of oxidation products including 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and malondialdehyde in eggs during storage, thus markedly improving the oxidative stability of DHA-enriched eggs. The yolk lipidomic profile showed higher intensities for most DHA-containing lipids, especially DHA-phosphatidylcholine, DHA-phosphatidylethanolamine and DHA-non-esterified fatty acid, compared with regular-DHA eggs. Astaxanthin acts primarily by suppressing oxidation of DHA-non-esterified fatty acid, which minimizes the degradation of DHA and appears to be the primary protection mode of yolk DHA during storage.
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2
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Vahmani P, Ponnampalam EN, Kraft J, Mapiye C, Bermingham EN, Watkins PJ, Proctor SD, Dugan MER. Bioactivity and health effects of ruminant meat lipids. Invited Review. Meat Sci 2020; 165:108114. [PMID: 32272342 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ruminant meat (RM) is an excellent source of high-quality protein, B vitamins and trace minerals and plays an important role in global food and nutrition security. However, nutritional guidelines commonly recommend reduced intake of RM mainly because of its high saturated fatty acid (SFA) content, and more recently because of its perceived negative environmental impacts. RM is, however, rich in heart healthy cis-monounsaturated fatty acids and can be an important source of long-chain omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in populations with low fish consumption. In addition, RM is a source of bioactive phospholipids, as well as rumen-derived bioactive fatty acids including branched-chain, vaccenic and rumenic acids, which have been associated with several health benefits. However, the role of bioactive RM lipids in maintaining and improving consumers' health have been generally ignored in nutritional guidelines. The present review examines RM lipids in relation to human health, and evaluates the effectiveness of different feeding strategies and possibilities for future profile and content improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Vahmani
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 2201 Meyer Hall, Davis, California 95616, United States.
| | - Eric N Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Jana Kraft
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
| | - Cletos Mapiye
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| | | | - Peter J Watkins
- Commonwealth Scientific Industry Research Organisation, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribees, VIC 3030, Australia.
| | - Spencer D Proctor
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Michael E R Dugan
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta T4L 1W1, Canada.
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3
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Bermingham EN, Reis MG, Subbaraj AK, Cameron-Smith D, Fraser K, Jonker A, Craigie CR. Distribution of fatty acids and phospholipids in different table cuts and co-products from New Zealand pasture-fed Wagyu-dairy cross beef cattle. Meat Sci 2018; 140:26-37. [PMID: 29501930 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Wagyu beef products are marketed as luxury goods to discerning consumers and the lipid content and composition are important drivers of wagyu product value. Wagyu beef is an extensively marbled meat product, well characterised for its tenderness and flavour. In New Zealand, pasture-fed Wagyu-dairy beef production is increasing to meet demand for ultra-premium meat products. Important for these characteristics is the composition of lipid species and their distribution across the carcass. The aim of this study was to analyse the distribution of fatty acids and phospholipids in 26 table cuts, nine co-products and three fat deposits of carcasses from New Zealand pasture-fed Wagyu-dairy cross beef carcasses (n = 5). Phospholipid and fatty acid levels varied across different cuts of the carcass, but typically cuts with high levels of phospholipids also had high levels of omega-3 fatty acids and low levels of saturated fatty acids. This work will be used in the future to examine the potential health aspects of pasture-fed Wagyu beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma N Bermingham
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | | | - Arvind K Subbaraj
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Arjan Jonker
- Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Cameron R Craigie
- Food Assurance & Meat Quality Team, AgResearch, Hamilton, New Zealand
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4
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Characterization of the Lipid Fraction in Lamb Meat: Comparison of Different Lipid Extraction Methods. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-013-9589-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Profiling and quantifying polar lipids in milk by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light-scattering and mass spectrometry detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:4617-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Brouwers JF. Liquid chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis of phospholipids. Chromatography, ionization and quantification. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1811:763-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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7
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Narváez-Rivas M, Gallardo E, Ríos JJ, León-Camacho M. A new high-performance liquid chromatographic method with evaporative light scattering detector for the analysis of phospholipids. Application to Iberian pig subcutaneous fat. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:3453-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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9
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Composition of phospholipid fraction in raw chicken meat and pre-cooked chicken patties: influence of feeding fat sources and processing technology. Eur Food Res Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-010-1257-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Dannenberger D, Süß R, Teuber K, Fuchs B, Nuernberg K, Schiller J. The intact muscle lipid composition of bulls: an investigation by MALDI-TOF MS and 31P NMR. Chem Phys Lipids 2010; 163:157-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2009] [Revised: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Pelillo M, Ferioli F, Iafelice G, Marconi E, Caboni MF. Characterisation of the phospholipid fraction of hulled and naked tetraploid and hexaploid wheats. J Cereal Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2009.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Chua SC, Tan CP, Lai OM, Long K, Mirhosseini H, Baharin BS. Effect of absorbent in solid-phase extraction on quantification of phospholipids in palm-pressed fiber. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200700179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Boselli E, Pacetti D, Curzi F, Frega N. Determination of phospholipid molecular species in pork meat by high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and evaporative light scattering detection. Meat Sci 2008; 78:305-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2007] [Revised: 06/04/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Wang C, Kong H, Guan Y, Yang J, Gu J, Yang S, Xu G. Plasma phospholipid metabolic profiling and biomarkers of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis. Anal Chem 2007; 77:4108-16. [PMID: 15987116 DOI: 10.1021/ac0481001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) followed by multivariate statistical analysis has been successfully applied to the plasma phospholipids metabolic profiling in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2). Principal components analysis and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models were tested and compared in class separation between the DM2 and control. The application of an orthogonal signal correction filtered model highly improved the class distinction and predictive power of PLS-DA models. Additionally, unit variance scaling was also tested. With this methodology, it was possible not only to differentiate the DM2 from the control but also to discover and identify the potential biomarkers with LC/MS/MS. The proposed method shows that LC/MS combining with multivariate statistical analysis is a complement or an alternative to NMR for metabonomics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Wang
- National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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15
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Ren Q, Jiang H. Quantification of Soybean Phospholipids in Soybean Degummed Oil Residue by HPLC with Evaporative Light Scattering Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200054817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- a National Laboratory of Secondary Resources Chemical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Yang
- a National Laboratory of Secondary Resources Chemical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qilong Ren
- a National Laboratory of Secondary Resources Chemical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hailiang Jiang
- b Analysis and Measurement Center of Ningbo Institute of Technology , Zhejiang University , Ningbo, P.R. China
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16
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Persson E, Löfgren L, Hansson G, Abrahamsson B, Lennernäs H, Nilsson R. Simultaneous assessment of lipid classes and bile acids in human intestinal fluid by solid-phase extraction and HPLC methods. J Lipid Res 2007; 48:242-51. [PMID: 17062898 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d600035-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study reported here was to develop a method for the determination of lipid classes in intestinal fluids, including bile acids (BAs). A solid-phase extraction (SPE) method using C18 and silica columns for the separation of BAs, phospholipids (PLs), and neutral lipids (NLs), including free fatty acids, has been developed and validated. Fed-state small intestinal fluid collected from humans was treated with orlistat to inhibit lipolysis and mixed with acetic acid and methanol before SPE to maximize lipid recoveries. BAs, PLs, and NLs were isolated using lipophilic and polar solvents to promote elution from the SPE columns. The different lipid classes were subsequently analyzed using three separately optimized HPLC methods with evaporative light-scattering detectors. High recoveries (>90%) of all lipids evaluated were observed, with low coefficients of variation (<5%). The HPLC methods developed were highly reproducible and allowed baseline separation of nearly all lipid classes investigated. In conclusion, these methods provide a means of lipid class analysis of NLs, PLs, and BAs in human fed-state small intestinal fluid, with potential use in other fluids from the intestinal tract and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Persson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, S-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Hvattum E, Uran S, Sandbaek AG, Karlsson AA, Skotland T. Quantification of phosphatidylserine, phosphatidic acid and free fatty acids in an ultrasound contrast agent by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 42:506-12. [PMID: 16762523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Revised: 04/25/2006] [Accepted: 04/25/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Sonazoid is a new contrast agent for ultrasound imaging. The product is an aqueous suspension of perfluorobutane microbubbles coated with phospholipids obtained from hydrogenated egg phosphatidylserine (H-EPS). A normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with evaporative light scattering detection was developed for quantification of free fatty acids, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid in H-EPS and Sonazoid. Separation of the lipids was carried out on an HPLC diol column and a gradient of chloroform and methanol with 0.2% formic acid titrated to pH 7.5 with ammonia. The calibration standards contained stearic acid, distearoyl-phosphatidic acid (DSPA) and distearoyl-phosphatidylserine (DSPS) in the concentration range of 0.016-1.0mg/ml (0.4-25microg injected). The method was validated with a limit of quantification of the three lipids set to 0.4microg (approximately 20-60microM). The best fit of the three calibration curves were obtained when the logarithmic transformed theoretical lipid concentration was plotted against the logarithmic transformed area under the peak and fitted to a second order polynomial equation. Stearic acid, DSPA and DSPS were analysed with an intermediate precision ranging from 4.4% to 5.3% R.S.D. and they were extracted from an aqueous suspension with a recovery ranging from 103.3% to 113.3%. The sum of total phospholipid concentration determined in H-EPS ranged from 96.4% to 103.2% of the theoretical values. The lipids in the ultrasound product were quantitated with a repeatability ranging from 6.2% to 11.7% R.S.D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlend Hvattum
- GE Healthcare Medical Diagnostics, Nycoveien 2, N-0401 Oslo, Norway
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18
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Wang C, Yang J, Gao P, Lu X, Xu G. Identification of phospholipid structures in human blood by direct-injection quadrupole-linear ion-trap mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2005; 19:2443-53. [PMID: 16059884 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Direct-injection electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in combination with information-dependent data acquisition (IDA), using a triple-quadrupole/linear ion trap combination, allows high-throughput qualitative analysis of complex phospholipid species from child whole blood. In the IDA experiments, scans to detect specific head groups (precursor ion or neutral loss scans) were used as survey scans to detect phospholipid classes. An enhanced resolution scan was then used to confirm the mass assignments, and the enhanced product ion scan was implemented as a dependent scan to determine the composition of each phospholipid class. These survey and dependent scans were performed sequentially and repeated for the entire duration of analysis, thus providing the maximum information from a single injection. In this way, 50 different phospholipids belonging to the phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin classes were identified in child whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Wang
- National Chromatographic R and A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, PR China
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19
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Wang C, Xie S, Yang J, Yang Q, Xu G. Structural identification of human blood phospholipids using liquid chromatography/quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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20
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Oak JH, Nakagawa K, Miyazawa T. UV analysis of Amadori-glycated phosphatidylethanolamine in foods and biological samples. J Lipid Res 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)30158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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21
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KASHIMA M, NAKAGAWA K, SUGAWARA T, MIYAZAWA T, MURAKAMI C, MIYASHITA R, ONO J, DESCHAMPS F, CHAMINADE P. Method for Quantitative Determination of Cerebroside in "Plants Ceramide" Foodstuffs by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Evaporative Light Scattering Detection. J Oleo Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.51.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Stith BJ, Hall J, Ayres P, Waggoner L, Moore JD, Shaw WA. Quantification of major classes of Xenopus phospholipids by high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection. J Lipid Res 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)33457-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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23
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Lytle CA, Gan YD, White DC. Electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry compatible reversed-phase separation of phospholipids: piperidine as a post column modifier for negative ion detection. J Microbiol Methods 2000; 41:227-34. [PMID: 10958968 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7012(00)00156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An electrospray ionization (ESI) compatible separation of phospholipids (PL), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylcholine (PC), was performed on a C18 column by reversed phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with minimal ESI suppression. The mobile phase, used isocratically, consisted of methanol and water. ESI was used to efficiently transfer the ions present in solution to the gas phase for mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Formation of negative ions was reinforced by incorporating piperidine post column. Limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) were experimentally determined to be 20 and 60 fmol/microl, respectively, when acquiring data in the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode monitoring three ions with a single quadrupole MS. When acquiring data from m/z 110-900 in the scanning mode, the LOD and LOQ were experimentally determined to be 1 pmol/microl and 3 pmol/microl. When acquiring product ion spectra for m/z 747, the LOD and LOQ were experimentally determined to be 446 attomol/microl and 1.3 fmol/microl, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Lytle
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Drive, Suite 300, Knoxville, TN 37932-2575, USA
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24
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Ruiz-Gutiérrez V, Pérez-Camino MC. Update on solid-phase extraction for the analysis of lipid classes and related compounds. J Chromatogr A 2000; 885:321-41. [PMID: 10941680 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article provides information on the different procedures and methodologies developed when solid-phase extraction (SPE) is used for lipid component separation. The analytical systematics, established by different authors and designed to separate groups of compounds and also specific components by using a combination of chromatographic supports and solvents are presented. The review has been divided into three parts, which we consider well defined: edible fats and oils, fatty foods and biological samples. Separations of non-polar and polar lipids is the most extensive systematic, although many other published methods have been established to isolate specific components or a reduced number of components from edible fats and oils, fatty foods or biological samples susceptible to further analysis by other quantitative techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ruiz-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Avda. Padre García Tejero, Seville, Spain.
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25
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Carrier A, Parent J, Dupuis S. Quantitation and characterization of phospholipids in pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2000; 876:97-109. [PMID: 10823505 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A simple and fast method for phospholipid analysis was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with an atmospheric pressure ionization interface. Separation of the phospholipid molecular species was achieved using a linear gradient of a mixture of chloroform-10 mM ammonium acetate-methanol (30:5:65) on a silica column. Optimization of the mass spectrometer conditions has allowed the method to separate and detect the phospholipids mainly as protonated molecular species. In comparison to existing LC-MS methods, improvement in the total analysis time and sensitivity were achieved. Separation of all major phospholipid molecular classes was achieved in less than 6 min. Marked improvement was observed in the linearity of the response of the phospholipids studied providing a linear response over three orders of magnitude. Data supporting the validation of this method for the characterization of major phospholipids molecular species are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carrier
- RTP Pharma Inc., Ile des Soeurs, Québec, Canada.
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26
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Sugawara T, Miyazawa T. Separation and determination of glycolipids from edible plant sources by high-performance liquid chromatography and evaporative light-scattering detection. Lipids 1999; 34:1231-7. [PMID: 10606047 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-999-0476-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycolipids from edible plant sources were accurately quantified by silica-based, normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using an evaporative light-scattering detector. Five major glycolipid classes (acylated steryl glucoside, steryl glucoside, ceramide monohexoside, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, and digalactosyldiacylglycerol) were separated and determined with a binary gradient system consisting of chloroform and methanol/water (95:5, vol/vol) without any interference from other lipid classes and pigments. The described method was applied to 48 edible plants available in Japan including cereals, legumes, vegetables, and fruits. Examined plant species contained glycolipids in wide concentration ranges, such as 5-645 mg/100 g tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sugawara
- Biodynamic Chemistry Lab, Graduate School of Life Science and Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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27
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Hradec J, Dufek P. Isolation and quantitation of phosphatidylcholine by reversed-phase liquid-liquid extraction. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 703:259-62. [PMID: 9448084 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A simple and rapid method is described for the determination of total phosphatidylcholines in serum. Extracts of lipids are applied to octadecyl silica cartridges and phosphatidylcholines are eluted by methanol-acetonitrile mixtures containing choline. Quantitation of these compounds is performed by colorimetry of their complexes with erythrosin B. The method is sensitive down to approximately 10 microg, exhibits good reproducibility and may be used as a preliminary step for the separation of individual molecular species of phosphatidylcholines by high-performance liquid chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hradec
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
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28
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Silversand C, Haux C. Improved high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the separation and quantification of lipid classes: application to fish lipids. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 703:7-14. [PMID: 9448057 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An improved straight-phase HPLC method for the separation and quantification of lipid classes is described. Two binary gradient solvent systems were used, one for polar and one for neutral lipids, and detection was performed with a light-scattering detector. The developed HPLC methods were highly reproducible and allowed base-line separation of all investigated polar lipid classes (phosphatidic acid, diphosphatidylglycerol. phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol and lysophosphatidylcholine) and neutral lipid classes (triacylglycerol, free fatty acid, diacylglycerol, cholesterol and monoacylglycerol) except of cholesterol ester and wax ester. Application of the chromatographic systems demonstrated that the methods are suitable for quantitative analysis of the major lipid classes present in lipid extracts from livers and eggs of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Silversand
- Department of Zoophysiology, Göteborg University, Sweden
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29
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Arborati M, Benchorba D, Lesieur I, Bizot-Espiard JG, Guardiola-Lemaitre B, Chapman MJ, Ninio E. Oxidative degradation of cholesteryl esters in low-density lipoproteins: analysis by liquid chromatography-light scattering and protection by a new synthetic antioxidant, S20478. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 1997; 11:68-77. [PMID: 9182079 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.1997.tb00171.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cholesteryl esters in the hydrophobic core of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles constitute a major molecular target during copper-mediated oxidation. To facilitate the rapid analysis and quantitation of the oxidative degradation of LDL cholesteryl esters, we describe a new approach based on light scattering detection following separation by HPLC. We have applied this approach to the evaluation of the protective capacity of a new synthetic antioxidant, S20478, during oxidation of LDL in the presence of copper ions. HPLC separation of cholesterol and the four major molecular species of cholesteryl esters (C16:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C20:4) of LDL was achieved in a single run of 20 min with high sensitivity (50 ng) and low background. Time course studies of the oxidative modification of LDL (ratio LDL protein: copper, 100 micrograms/mL: 1 microM) revealed that the content of unsaturated cholesteryl esters (C20:4 and C18:2) decreased (-30% and -15%, respectively) within 90 min of copper-mediated oxidation, while only minor degradation (up to 15%) of monounsaturated (C18:1) and saturated (C16:0) esters occurred. At 24 hours of oxidation, only traces (< 5%) of the C20:4 and C18:2 esters were detectable; whereas 52% of the C18:1 ester remained (P < 0.01). Of the saturated esters, only minor proportions (35% or less) underwent oxidative modification. In addition, some 81% of free cholesterol was conserved as the native sterol. The synthetic antioxidant, S20478 (50 microM) was capable of inhibiting the initiation and the propagation of copper-mediated LDL oxidation as determined by the time- and dose-dependent inhibition of the formation of conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, as well as the conservation of the net electrical charge of LDL; indeed S20478 conserved cholesteryl esters in their native form up to 24 hours. However, after prolonged exposure to copper ions (48 hours), only 47% of the unsaturated esters remained (C18:2, P < 0.05). Nonetheless, S20478 (10 microM) was more efficient in inhibiting copper-mediated LDL oxidation as compared to probucol at the same concentration. These findings suggest that S20478 may be of potential interest in a new antioxidant approach to therapeutic stabilisation and regression of atherosclerotic plaques. Moreover, this method should prove useful in the assessment of the integrity of native LDL, and provides a new chemical marker of the degree of LDL oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arborati
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche (Inserm), Unité de Recherches sur les Lipoprotéines et l'Athérogénèse, U 321, Pavillon Benjamin Delessert, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France
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30
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Separation and analysis of phospholipids in different foods with a light-scattering detector. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02523525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Myher JJ, Kuksis A. General strategies in chromatographic analysis of lipids. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 1995; 671:3-33. [PMID: 8520698 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(95)00178-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Lipid extracts of natural sources contain a large number of lipid classes and molecular species. Completely reproducible samples are obtained only with great care and skill. Analytical methods other than chromatography and/or mass spectrometry are of little use for resolution and identification of lipid molecules even in simple mixtures. The analytical information desired governs the selection of the chromatographic and mass spectrometric method, which determine the sample preparation and derivative needed. Usually a combination of chromatographic methods is necessary to identify specific species of lipids. The recent development of soft ionization techniques, that are readily interfaced with mass spectrometers, have greatly simplified the sample preparation and have largely eliminated the need for derivatization. Because these techniques require expensive equipment and dedicated operators, the methods selected must be consistent with the true analytical needs and the available resources. Although personal preference cannot be eliminated entirely, the general strategies outlined below should help to reduce the number of possibilities facing a lipid analyst to a few practical choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Myher
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Canada
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