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Blackman B, Raju N, Mushti C, Lane K, Patel D, Harris C, Swenson RE. Isolation and Identification of a Urinary Biomarker for Lung Cancer: 27-Nor-5β-Cholestane-3α,7α,12α,24 R,25 S Pentol Glucuronide and Its Deuterated Analog. Molecules 2024; 29:2781. [PMID: 38930845 PMCID: PMC11206657 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An untargeted metabolomic study identified four potential lung cancer diagnostic biomarkers in human urine. One of the potential biomarkers was an unidentified feature possessing a m/z value of 561+. "561+" was isolated from human urine and tentatively identified as 27-nor-5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,24,25 pentol glucuronide with unknown C24,25 stereochemistry using 1H NMR and mass spectrometry. In a prior report, the C24,25 stereochemistry of the aglycone, 27-nor-5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,24,25 pentol, was found to be 24S,25R through GC analysis of the acetonide-TMS derivative. An authentic sample was prepared and found not to have the same stereochemistry as "561+". To identify the C24,25 stereochemistry, four C24,C25 diastereoisomeric alcohols of 27-nor-5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,24,25 pentol were prepared from chiral amino acids. Using an LCMS method, the C24,C25 stereochemistry of the "561+" aglycone was determined to be 24R,25S. With the correct aglycone in hand, it was coupled with glucuronic acid to complete the first reported synthesis of 27-nor-5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,24R,25S pentol glucuronide. Deuterium labeled 27-nor-5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,24R,25S pentol was also synthesized for use as an internal standard for MS quantitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burchelle Blackman
- Chemistry and Chemical Synthesis Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (N.R.); (C.M.); (K.L.)
| | - Natarajan Raju
- Chemistry and Chemical Synthesis Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (N.R.); (C.M.); (K.L.)
| | - Chandrasekhar Mushti
- Chemistry and Chemical Synthesis Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (N.R.); (C.M.); (K.L.)
| | - Kelly Lane
- Chemistry and Chemical Synthesis Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (N.R.); (C.M.); (K.L.)
- AstraZeneca, 1 MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Daxeshkumar Patel
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (D.P.)
| | - Curtis Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (D.P.)
| | - Rolf E. Swenson
- Chemistry and Chemical Synthesis Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (N.R.); (C.M.); (K.L.)
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Wu J, Ye Y, Quan J, Ding R, Wang X, Zhuang Z, Zhou S, Geng Q, Xu C, Hong L, Xu Z, Zheng E, Cai G, Wu Z, Yang J. Using nontargeted LC-MS metabolomics to identify the Association of Biomarkers in pig feces with feed efficiency. Porcine Health Manag 2021; 7:39. [PMID: 34078468 PMCID: PMC8170940 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-021-00219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Improving feed efficiency is economically and environmentally beneficial in the pig industry. A deeper understanding of feed efficiency is essential on many levels for its highly complex nature. The aim of this project is to explore the relationship between fecal metabolites and feed efficiency-related traits, thereby identifying metabolites that may assist in the screening of the feed efficiency of pigs. Results We performed fecal metabolomics analysis on 50 individuals selected from 225 Duroc x (Landrace x Yorkshire) (DLY) commercial pigs, 25 with an extremely high feed efficiency and 25 with an extremely low feed efficiency. A total of 6749 and 5644 m/z features were detected in positive and negative ionization modes by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Regrettably, the PCA could not classify the the samples accurately. To improve the classification, OPLS-DA was introduced. However, the predictive ability of the OPLS-DA model did not perform well. Then, through weighted coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), we found that one module in each positive and negative mode was related to residual feed intake (RFI), and six and three metabolites were further identified. The nine metabolites were found to be involved in multiple metabolic pathways, including lipid metabolism (primary bile acid synthesis, linoleic acid metabolism), vitamin D, glucose metabolism, and others. Then, Lasso regression analysis was used to evaluate the importance of nine metabolites obtained by the annotation process. Conclusions Altogether, this study provides new insights for the subsequent evaluation of commercial pig feed efficiency through small molecule metabolites, but also provide a reference for the development of new feed additives. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40813-021-00219-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yong Ye
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianping Quan
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rongrong Ding
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xingwang Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhanwei Zhuang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shenping Zhou
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qian Geng
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Cineng Xu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Linjun Hong
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Enqin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangzhou, 510642l, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Kurogi K, Krasowski MD, Injeti E, Liu MY, Williams FE, Sakakibara Y, Suiko M, Liu MC. A comparative study of the sulfation of bile acids and a bile alcohol by the Zebra danio (Danio rerio) and human cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 127:307-14. [PMID: 21839837 PMCID: PMC3515676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The current study was designed to examine the sulfation of bile acids and bile alcohols by the Zebra danio (Danio rerio) SULTs in comparison with human SULTs. A systematic analysis using the fifteen Zebra danio SULTs revealed that SULT3 ST2 and SULT3 ST3 were the major bile acid/alcohol-sulfating SULTs. Among the eleven human SULTs, only SULT2A1 was found to be capable of sulfating bile acids and bile alcohols. To further investigate the sulfation of bile acids and bile alcohols by the two Zebra danio SULT3 STs and the human SULT2A1, pH-dependence and kinetics of the sulfation of bile acids/alcohols were analyzed. pH-dependence experiments showed that the mechanisms underlying substrate recognition for the sulfation of lithocholic acid (a bile acid) and 5α-petromyzonol (a bile alcohol) differed between the human SULT2A1 and the Zebra danio SULT3 ST2 and ST3. Kinetic analysis indicated that both the two Zebra danio SULT3 STs preferred petromyzonol as substrate compared to bile acids. In contrast, the human SULT2A1 was more catalytically efficient toward lithocholic acid than petromyzonol. Collectively, the results imply that the Zebra danio and human SULTs have evolved to serve for the sulfation of, respectively, bile alcohols and bile acids, matching the cholanoid profile in these two vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhisa Kurogi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Matthew D. Krasowski
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, RCP 6233, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Elisha Injeti
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Ming-Yih Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Frederick E. Williams
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Yoichi Sakakibara
- Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Masahito Suiko
- Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Ming-Cheh Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA. Tel.: +1 419 383 1918; fax: +1 419 383 1909. , (M.-C. Liu)
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Iguchi Y, Yamaguchi M, Sato H, Kihira K, Nishimaki-Mogami T, Une M. Bile alcohols function as the ligands of membrane-type bile acid-activated G protein-coupled receptor. J Lipid Res 2009; 51:1432-41. [PMID: 20023205 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m004051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TGR5 is a G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by bile acids, resulting in an increase in cAMP levels and the subsequent modulation of energy expenditure in brown adipose tissue and muscle. Therefore, the development of a TGR5-specific agonist could lead to the prevention and treatment of various metabolic disorders related to obesity. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of bile alcohols, which are structurally and physiologically similar to bile acids and are produced as the end products of cholesterol catabolism in evolutionarily primitive vertebrates, to act as TGR5 agonists. In a cell-based reporter assay and a cAMP production assay performed in vitro, most bile alcohols with a side chain containing hydroxyl group(s) were highly efficacious agonists for TGR5 comparable to its most potent ligand in the naturally occurring bile acid, lithocholic acid. However, the abilities of the bile alcohols to activate TGR5 varied with the position and number of the hydroxyl substituent in the side chain. Additionally, the conformation of the steroidal nucleus of bile alcohols is also important for its activity as a TGR5 agonist. Thus, we have provided new insights into the structure-activity relationships of bile alcohols as TGR5 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Iguchi
- Laboratory of Organic and Bio-molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Japan.
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Lindqvist A, Midtvedt T, Skrede S, Sjövall J. Effect of Bile Alcohols on the Microbial 7α-dehydroxylation of Chenodeoxycholic acid. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/08910609009140238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Lindqvist
- Departments of Physiological Chemistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T. Midtvedt
- Departments of Medical Microbial Ecology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S. Skrede
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J. Sjövall
- Departments of Physiological Chemistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kihira K, Kosaka D, Une M, Hiraoka T, Kajiyama G, Hoshita T. Syntheses of deuterium labeled bile alcohols. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580241203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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7
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Yeh YH, Wang DY, Deng JF, Chen SK, Hwang DF. Short-term toxicity of grass carp bile powder, 5alpha-cyprinol and 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate in rats. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2002; 131:1-8. [PMID: 11796320 DOI: 10.1016/s1532-0456(01)00247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We compared the short-term toxicity of toxic components of grass carp bile juice (GCBJ) in rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups and treated orally every 3 days with 40 mg each of freeze-dried GCBJ powder, 5alpha-cyprinol and 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate for 19 days. After treatment, the relative ratio of liver and kidney weight to body weight, the concentrations of RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit in the blood, the levels of aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in the plasma, and the levels of urinary urea nitrogen and creatinine in the urine were significantly increased. Body weight of rats and the levels of Na+, K+, Ca2+ in the urine were significantly decreased, especially for groups treated with GCBJ powder and 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate. Pathological examination of liver and kidney also showed cell enlargement and lesions, especially for groups treated with GCBJ powder and 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate. The grass carp bile juice exhibited significant toxicity, and the short-term toxicity of 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate and GCBJ powder was similar to each other. Renal but not hepatic failure induced by grass carp bile juice could be prevented by pentoxifylline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hung Yeh
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, 202, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
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8
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Nakagawa M, Une M, Takenaka S, Tazawa Y, Nozaki S, Imanaka T, Kuramoto T. Urinary bile alcohol profiles in healthy and cholestatic children. Clin Chim Acta 2001; 314:101-6. [PMID: 11718684 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(01)00636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bile alcohols are normal constituents of urine. METHODS To better understand bile alcohol profile in childhood, urinary specimens from 41 healthy children and 10 children with cholestasis, and 3 healthy adults, were analyzed by GLC and GC-MS. RESULTS Five bile alcohols, 27-nor-5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24S,25R-pentol, 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24S, 25-pentol, 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24S,26-pentol, 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha, 12alpha,25,26-pentol, and 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,26,27-pentol were identified in all specimens. C(26)-Pentol was the most abundant constituent, constituting 29.5 to 65% of bile alcohols. Among healthy children (n=41), no significant relationship was seen between proportions of the C(26)-pentol and age, but older children (n=15, 6 to 14 years) showed a significantly greater mean percentage of the C(26)-pentol than young children (n=26, 0 to 5 years; 58.1+/-4.23% vs. 46.0+/-9.24%, p<0.001). In children with cholestatic liver diseases, the percentage of C(26)-pentol in urinary bile alcohols was significantly lower than age-matched controls. CONCLUSIONS There is an increased composition of C(26)-pentol in older children and relatively decreased composition of C(26)-pentol in children with cholestatic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakagawa
- Sendai Tokusyukai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
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9
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Hwang DF, Yeh YH, Lai YS, Deng JF. Identification of cyprinol and cyprinol sulfate from grass carp bile and their toxic effects in rats. Toxicon 2001; 39:411-4. [PMID: 10978762 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(00)00134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the responsible toxic components of grass carp bile, the bile salt 5 alpha-cyprinol sulfate and its desalted form 5 alpha-cyprinol from grass carp bile were purified and identified by analyses of infrared spectrum, (1)H-, (13)C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and mass spectrum. The toxicity of grass carp bile powder, butanol extract of grass carp bile powder, 5 alpha-cyprinol and 5 alpha-cyprinol sulfate in rats were further determined. The kidney and liver functions were significantly affected by grass carp bile powder, butanol extract and 5 alpha-cyprinol sulfate. However, 5 alpha-cyprinol also significantly affected the kidney function, but the toxic effect was less.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Hwang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung.
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Une M, Takenaka S, Kuramoto T, Fujimura K, Hoshita T, Kihira K. Structural and biosynthetic studies of a principal bile alcohol, 27-nor-5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,24,25-pentol, in human urine. J Lipid Res 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)31988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kurosawa T, Nakano H, Sato M, Tohma M. Synthesis of 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy- and 3 alpha, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-26-oic acids by the use of beta-ketosulfoxide. Steroids 1995; 60:439-44. [PMID: 7482627 DOI: 10.1016/0039-128x(95)00033-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthetic intermediates of bile acid, 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy- and 3 alpha, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-26-oic acids, were synthesized by means of the thermal elimination of beta-ketosulfoxides. The alpha, beta-unsaturated ketones as key compounds of the synthesis, 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy- and 3 alpha, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholest-25-en-24-ones, were effectively derived from the beta-ketosulfoxides prepared from methyl cholate or chenodeoxycholate by reaction with methylsulfinylcarbanion. These unsaturated ketones were converted into 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 26-tetrahydroxy- and 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 26-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanes by reductive deoxygenation and hydroboration, of which stereoisomers were chromatographically separated into 25S- and 25R- isomers. The oxidation of each of the above isomeric alcohols after the protection of the hydroxyl groups on the steroidal ring and the following hydrolysis gave the title 26-carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kurosawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Japan
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13
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Bile acids and bile alcohols in a child with hepatic 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency: effects of chenodeoxycholic acid treatment. J Lipid Res 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)42035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kuriyama M, Fujiyama J, Yoshidome H, Takenaga S, Matsumuro K, Kasama T, Fukuda K, Kuramoto T, Hoshita T, Seyama Y. Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: clinical and biochemical evaluation of eight patients and review of the literature. J Neurol Sci 1991; 102:225-32. [PMID: 2072121 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(91)90073-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We present the clinical and laboratory findings of 8 patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. The clinical features consisted of a combination of bilateral Achilles tendon xanthomas, cataracts, low intelligence, pyramidal signs, cerebellar signs, convulsions, peripheral neuropathy, foot deformity, cardiovascular disease or atherosclerosis, EEG abnormality, and increased CSF protein. Increased cholesterol was present in the serum, CSF and red cell membrane of all 8 patients. The bile of one patient with late age onset of the disease showed an attenuated production of bile acids and bile alcohols. Three of the 7 had obstruction and/or marked narrowing of the coronary arteries. Data on 136 patients reported throughout the world are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kuriyama
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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Batta AK, Salen G, Arora R, Shefer S, Batta M. High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of bile acids and bile alcohols diastereoisomeric at C-25. J Chromatogr A 1991; 542:184-8. [PMID: 1874839 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)88758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of the 25R and 25S diastereoisomers of the bile alcohols 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,26-triol and 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha, 12 alpha, 26-tetrol and the bile acids, 3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholestane-26-oic acid and 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestane-26-oic acid is described. A Radial-Pak microBondapak C18 reversed-phase cartridge was used for the separations and elutions were carried out with acetonitrile-water-methanol-acetic acid mixtures. All eight diastereoisomeric compounds showed baseline separation when up to 200 micrograms of the isomeric mixtures were injected into the column and the method can be used for isolation of pure diastereoisomers of these bile acids and bile alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Batta
- Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103
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Identification of short side chain bile acids in urine of patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. J Lipid Res 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)42333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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17
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Une M, Shinonaga Y, Matoba N, Kuroki S, Kihira K, Hoshita T. Identification of new bile alcohols, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,24,26-tetrol, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,25,26-tetrol, and 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,26,27-tetrol in human gallbladder bile. J Lipid Res 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38744-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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18
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Identification of bile alcohols in rat bile. J Lipid Res 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Weydert-Huijghebaert S, Karlaganis G, Renner EL, Preisig R. Increased urinary excretion of bile alcohol glucuronides in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. J Lipid Res 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Hiraoka T, Kosaka D, Kajiyama G, Kohda T, Funakura T, Yamauchi T, Kihira K, Hoshita T. Measurement of serum bile alcohol levels in liver dysfunction, using isotope dilution-mass spectrometry. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988; 23:821-6. [PMID: 3067328 DOI: 10.3109/00365528809090767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We determined the concentration of two major serum bile alcohols, 27-nor-5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,25-pentol and 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,25,26-pentol, in healthy controls and patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis, using isotope dilution-mass spectrometry. In healthy controls the mean total amount of the two major bile alcohols was 9.6 +/- 3.4 ng/ml (mean +/- SD). In patients with liver diseases the mean values were as follows: acute hepatitis, 44.8 +/- 18.2 ng/ml; chronic hepatitis, 18.2 +/- 5.6 ng/ml; Child grade A cirrhosis, 37.9 +/- 26.0 ng/ml; Child grade B, 42.7 +/- 22.0 ng/ml; and Child grade C, 71.2 +/- 24.2 ng/ml. The mean ratio of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,25,26-pentol to 27-nor-5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,25-pentol in patients with Child grade C cirrhosis was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (1.42 +/- 0.92 versus 0.61 +/- 0.11; p less than 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hiraoka
- First Dept. of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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22
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Kihira K, Noma Y, Tsuda K, Watanabe T, Yamamoto Y, Une M, Hoshita T. Absolute configuration at C-24 of 5 beta-ranol, a principal bile alcohol of the bullfrog. J Lipid Res 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38818-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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23
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Hiraoka T, Kihira K, Kosaka D, Kohda T, Hoshita T, Kajiyama G. Identification of bile alcohols in serum from healthy humans. Steroids 1988; 51:543-50. [PMID: 3242175 DOI: 10.1016/0039-128x(88)90050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bile alcohol glucuronides present in human serum were isolated by ion exchange chromatography on piperidino-hydroxypropyl Sephadex LH-20. Following hydrolysis with beta-glucuronidase, the bile alcohols were analyzed by a combination of gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Bile alcohols identified were 27-nor-5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,25-pentol, 27-nor-5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,25,26-hexol, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,25-pentol, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,26-pentol, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,25,26-pentol, and 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,25,26-hexol. The bile alcohol composition in serum was similar to that in urine but not to that in bile. The concentration of total bile alcohols in serum was 59.5 +/- 24.6 micrograms/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hiraoka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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24
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Kuroki S, Schteingart CD, Hagey LR, Cohen BI, Mosbach EH, Rossi SS, Hofmann AF, Matoba N, Une M, Hoshita T. Bile salts of the West Indian manatee, Trichechus manatus latirostris: novel bile alcohol sulfates and absence of bile acids. J Lipid Res 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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25
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Abstract
Metabolism of C26 bile alcohols in the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, was studied. [24-14C]-24-Dehydro-26-deoxy-5 beta-ranol (3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-27-nor-5 beta-cholestan-24-one) was chemically synthesized from [24-14C]cholic acid and incubated with bullfrog liver homogenate fortified with NADPH. 24-Dehydro-26-deoxy-5 beta-ranol was shown to be converted into both 26-deoxy-5 beta-ranol and 24-epi-26-deoxy-5 beta-ranol [(24S)- and (24R)-27-nor-5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24-tetrols] in addition to 5 beta-ranol [(24R)-27-nor-5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,26-pentol], which is the major bile alcohol of the bullfrog. [24-3H]-26-Deoxy-5 beta-ranol and [24-3H]-24-epi-26-deoxy-5 beta-ranol were prepared from 24-dehydro-26-deoxy-5 beta-ranol by reduction with sodium [3H] borohydride and administered respectively to two each of four bullfrogs by intraperitoneal injection. After 24 h, labeled 5 beta-ranol was isolated from the bile of the bullfrogs that received [24-3H]-26-deoxy-5 beta-ranol. In contrast little if any radioactivity could be detected in 5 beta-ranol or its 24-epimer after administration of [24-3H]-24-epi-26-deoxy-5 beta-ranol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Noma
- Hiroshima Prefectural Research Center for Environmental Science, Japan
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26
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Hiraoka T, Kihira K, Kohda T, Kosaka D, Kajiyama G, Hoshita T. Urinary bile alcohols in liver dysfunction. Clin Chim Acta 1987; 169:127-32. [PMID: 3677435 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(87)90402-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Hiraoka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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27
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Altered metabolism of bile alcohol and bile acid in complete extrahepatic cholestasis: qualitative and quantitative aspects. J Lipid Res 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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28
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Hiraoka T, Kihira K, Kajiyama G, Kuramoto T, Hoshita T. Identification of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,25,26-hexol in human urine. J Lipid Res 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38635-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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