1
|
Kang HK, Park J, Seo CH, Park Y. PEP27-2, a Potent Antimicrobial Cell-Penetrating Peptide, Reduces Skin Abscess Formation during Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Mouse When Used in Combination with Antibiotics. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2620-2636. [PMID: 34251811 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PEP27, a 27-amino acid (aa) peptide secreted by Streptococcus pneumoniae, is an autolytic peptide that functions as a major virulence factor. To develop a clinically applicable antimicrobial peptide (AMP), we designed PEP27 analogs with Trp substitutions to enhance its antimicrobial activity compared to that of PEP27. Particularly, PEP27-2 showed strong antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of bacteria, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. It was found that the antimicrobial activity of PEP27-2 was increased by substituting Trp for the aa at the middle position of PEP27. We found that PEP27-2 acts as an effective cell-penetrating peptide in bacterial and mammalian cells. Here, we proved that subcutaneous infection with MDR Staphylococcus aureus induced skin lesions such as skeletal muscle damage, deep inflammation, and necrosis of the overlaying dermis in mice. Combination treatment with antibiotics revealed synergistic effects, remarkably reducing abscess size and improving the bacteria removal rate from the infection site. Moreover, PEP27-2-antibiotic combination treatment reduced inflammation, lowering levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in skin abscess tissue. The results suggest that the PEP27-2 peptide is a promising therapeutic option for combating MDR bacterial strains by enhancing antibiotic penetration and protecting against MDR bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Kyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Jonggwan Park
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kongju National University, Kongju 32588, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Seo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kongju National University, Kongju 32588, Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Research Center for Proteineous Materials (RCPM), Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dietrich MA, Adamek M, Bilińska B, Hejmej A, Steinhagen D, Ciereszko A. Characterization, expression and antibacterial properties of apolipoproteins A from carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) seminal plasma. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 41:389-401. [PMID: 25251775 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoproteins A are multifunctional proteins that, in addition to contributing to lipid metabolism and transport, are associated with the innate immune system in fish. Using a three step isolation procedure consisting of affinity chromatography on Blue-Sepharose, delipidation and reverse phase HPLC we isolated apolipoproteins from carp seminal plasma and identified them as ApoA-I and Apo-14 kDa. Moreover, we provided the full-length cDNA sequence of ApoA-I encoding 257 amino acids including a 18 amino acid signal peptide and a 4 amino acid propeptide. Apolipoproteins corresponded to the most abundant proteins in carp seminal plasma. Both ApoA-I and Apo-14 kDa were represented by several proteoforms that differ both in molecular mass and isoelectric point. The proteoforms of ApoA-I characteristic for seminal plasma were distinguished from those of blood. Carp seminal plasma ApoA-I and Apo-14 kDa showed a high immunologic similarity to their counterparts in carp blood and seminal plasma of other Cyprinid species. The mRNA expression analysis and immunohistochemical study suggest synthesis and secretion of ApoA-I and Apo-14 kDa in the fish reproductive tract and suggest a role in spermatogenesis and the stabilization of sperm membrane. Moreover, ApoA-I displayed bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli and bacteriostatic activity against Aeromonas hydrophila which suggests that ApoA-I is associated with innate immune system of the fish reproductive tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariola A Dietrich
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Poland.
| | - Mikołaj Adamek
- University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover, Fish Disease Research Unit, Germany
| | | | - Anna Hejmej
- Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Institute of Zoology, Poland
| | - Dieter Steinhagen
- University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover, Fish Disease Research Unit, Germany
| | - Andrzej Ciereszko
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu S, Zhang X, Gao M, Hong G, Yan G, Zhang X. Developing a strong anion exchange/RP (SAX/RP) 2D LC system for high-abundance proteins depletion in human plasma. Proteomics 2012; 12:3451-63. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaochun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University; Shanghai; China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University; Shanghai; China
| | - Mingxia Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University; Shanghai; China
| | - Guangfeng Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University; Shanghai; China
| | - Guoquan Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University; Shanghai; China
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University; Shanghai; China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Smith LE, Yang J, Goodman L, Huang X, Huang R, Dressman J, Morris J, Silva RAGD, Davidson WS, Cavigiolio G. High yield expression and purification of recombinant human apolipoprotein A-II in Escherichia coli. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:1708-15. [PMID: 22636422 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d028043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant expression systems have become powerful tools for understanding the structure and function of proteins, including the apolipoproteins that comprise human HDL. However, human apolipoprotein (apo)A-II has proven difficult to produce by recombinant techniques, likely contributing to our lack of knowledge about its structure, specific biological function, and role in cardiovascular disease. Here we present a novel Escherichia coli-based recombinant expression system that produces highly pure mature human apoA-II at substantial yields. A Mxe GyrA intein containing a chitin binding domain was fused at the C terminus of apoA-II. A 6× histidine-tag was also added at the fusion protein's C terminus. After rapid purification on a chitin column, intein auto-cleavage was induced under reducing conditions, releasing a peptide with only one extra N-terminal Met compared with the sequence of human mature apoA-II. A pass through a nickel chelating column removed any histidine-tagged residual fusion protein, leaving highly pure apoA-II. A variety of electrophoretic, mass spectrometric, and spectrophotometric analyses demonstrated that the recombinant form is comparable in structure to human plasma apoA-II. Similarly, recombinant apoA-II is comparable to the plasma form in its ability to bind and reorganize lipid and promote cholesterol efflux from macrophages via the ATP binding cassette transporter A1. This system is ideal for producing large quantities of recombinant wild-type or mutant apoA-II for structural or functional studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loren E Smith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45273, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pepaj M, Lundanes E, Greibrokk T. Separation of Apolipoprotein A‐I from Human Plasma by On‐Line Two Dimensional Liquid Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070701386439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milaim Pepaj
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , Oslo, Norway
| | - Elsa Lundanes
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , Oslo, Norway
| | - Tyge Greibrokk
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
High level secretion of wild-type and mutant forms of human proapoA-I using baculovirus-mediated Sf-9 cell expression. J Lipid Res 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)37608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
7
|
Weinberg RB, Hopkins RA, Jones JB. Purification, isoform characterization, and quantitation of human apolipoprotein A-IV. Methods Enzymol 1996; 263:282-96. [PMID: 8749015 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(96)63020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R B Weinberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tadey T, Purdy WC. Chromatographic techniques for the isolation and purification of lipoproteins. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 1995; 671:237-53. [PMID: 8520694 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(95)00051-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Various modes of chromatography are available for lipoprotein separation. Gel permeation and affinity chromatography are used for preparative purposes and to separate lipoproteins according to size and apolipoprotein content, respectively. Development of rigid supports for gel permeation has led to large improvements in speed and resolution. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of apolipoproteins offers the best performance in terms of speed and resolution of structural variants. Due to its high speed and superior resolving power, the recently developed technique of capillary electrophoresis should emerge as an important method for lipoprotein analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Tadey
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, PQ, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Atwal AS, Blais L, Jenkins KJ. Direct Determination of Apolipoproteins in Plasma by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079508009258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
10
|
Downs LG, Zani V, Wills JM, Crispin SM, Bolton CH. Changes in plasma lipoprotein during the oestrous cycle of the bitch. Res Vet Sci 1994; 56:82-8. [PMID: 8146459 DOI: 10.1016/0034-5288(94)90200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Five bitches were kept under controlled conditions of diet and exercise for up to four months. They were monitored at regular time intervals for fasting plasma concentrations of cholesterol, triacylglycerols and apolipoproteins AI and B. Lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were also determined in the fasting plasma. Vaginal cytology and plasma progesterone were monitored at weekly intervals to determine the oestrous state of the bitches. Lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations remained steady during anoestrus but large increases and wide fluctuations were shown in the concentrations of both cholesterol and triacylglycerols during metoestrus. Metabolic studies involving the measurement of lipids in canine blood must take into account the stage of oestrus of any bitches involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L G Downs
- University of Bristol, Department of Medicine, Medical School Unit, Southmead Hospital
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tadey T, Purdy WC. Characterization of plasma apolipoproteins by capillary electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1992; 583:111-5. [PMID: 1484083 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(92)80351-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The main apolipoproteins of plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis. Where possible the results were compared with slab sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Addition of the detergent SDS to the running buffer was essential for separation. Separations were carried out in bare silica and polyacrylamide-coated capillaries. The main apolipoproteins of HDL could be separated in an uncoated capillary filled with borax buffer containing 0.1% SDS. Using the coated capillary, a mixture of HDL and LDL apolipoproteins was resolved in less than 12 min. These preliminary studies indicate that capillary electrophoresis is a promising technique for screening plasma apolipoproteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Tadey
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Site-specific methionine sulfoxide formation is the structural basis of chromatographic heterogeneity of apolipoproteins A-I, C-II, and C-III. J Lipid Res 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)41914-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
13
|
Tenkanen H, Lukka M, Jauhiainen M, Metso J, Baumann M, Peltonen L, Ehnholm C. The mutation causing the common apolipoprotein A-IV polymorphism is a glutamine to histidine substitution of amino acid 360. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS : A JOURNAL OF VASCULAR BIOLOGY 1991; 11:851-6. [PMID: 2065039 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.11.4.851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV is a protein involved in the metabolism of chylomicrons and high density lipoproteins. This protein displays genetic polymorphism due to two main codominant alleles, A-IV1 and A-IV2. We have identified the mutation that leads to this polymorphism. It is caused by a single-base substitution of guanine for thymine in the third base of codon 360. This substitution leads to a glutamine to histidine change. Direct sequencing of amplified DNA from eight subjects in a three-generation pedigree has demonstrated that the guanine to thymine substitution can explain the apo A-IV polymorphism. In 32 unrelated individuals, a correspondence between apo A-IV phenotype determined by isoelectric focusing and genotype determined with Fnu4HI digestion of amplified DNA could be demonstrated. The enzyme lecithin:cholesteryl acyltransferase (LCAT) is activated by apo A-IV. Under our in vitro conditions, the isoprotein apo A-IV 1-1 is a better LCAT activator than is the isoprotein apo A-IV 2-2. A knowledge of the molecular mechanism underlying the apo A-IV polymorphism will help to elucidate the mechanisms involved in LCAT activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Tenkanen
- National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tetaz T, Kecorius E, Grego B, Fidge N. Separation of human apolipoproteins A-IV, A-I and E by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a TSK Phenyl-5PW column. J Chromatogr A 1990; 511:147-53. [PMID: 2120276 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)93280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A method has been developed for the rapid separation of the medium-molecular-weight apolipoproteins A-IV, A-I and E by high-performance liquid chromatography. Separations were achieved using a commercially available column of very low hydrophobicity (TSK Phenyl-5PW) in the reversed-phase mode rather than the conventional mode of hydrophobic interaction. Delipidated apolipoproteins were dissolved in 20 mM orthophosphoric acid (pH 2.3), applied to the column which was pre-equilibrated with the same buffer, and eluted with an increasing gradient of acetonitrile. Purified apolipoproteins were identified by a combination of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, amino acid analysis and N-terminal sequence analysis. In one step the method can be used to separate the major human chylomicron apolipoproteins A-IV, A-I and E, following preliminary removal of apolipoprotein A-II and the C apolipoproteins by size-exclusion chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Tetaz
- Baker Medical Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|