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Schulte T, Chaves-Sanjuan A, Speranzini V, Sicking K, Milazzo M, Mazzini G, Rognoni P, Caminito S, Milani P, Marabelli C, Corbelli A, Diomede L, Fiordaliso F, Anastasia L, Pappone C, Merlini G, Bolognesi M, Nuvolone M, Fernández-Busnadiego R, Palladini G, Ricagno S. Helical superstructures between amyloid and collagen in cardiac fibrils from a patient with AL amyloidosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6359. [PMID: 39069558 PMCID: PMC11284220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic light chain (LC) amyloidosis (AL) is a disease where organs are damaged by an overload of a misfolded patient-specific antibody-derived LC, secreted by an abnormal B cell clone. The high LC concentration in the blood leads to amyloid deposition at organ sites. Indeed, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has revealed unique amyloid folds for heart-derived fibrils taken from different patients. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of heart-derived AL amyloid (AL59) from another patient with severe cardiac involvement. The double-layered structure displays a u-shaped core that is closed by a β-arc lid and extended by a straight tail. Noteworthy, the fibril harbours an extended constant domain fragment, thus ruling out the variable domain as sole amyloid building block. Surprisingly, the fibrils were abundantly concatenated with a proteinaceous polymer, here identified as collagen VI (COLVI) by immuno-electron microscopy (IEM) and mass-spectrometry. Cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET) showed how COLVI wraps around the amyloid forming a helical superstructure, likely stabilizing and protecting the fibrils from clearance. Thus, here we report structural evidence of interactions between amyloid and collagen, potentially signifying a distinct pathophysiological mechanism of amyloid deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Schulte
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Italy
- Dept of Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Box 1031, SE-17121, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Valentina Speranzini
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Kevin Sicking
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute for Neuropathology, Göttinge, 37077, Germany
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Milazzo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Giulia Mazzini
- Amyloidosis Treatment and Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Paola Rognoni
- Amyloidosis Treatment and Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Serena Caminito
- Amyloidosis Treatment and Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Paolo Milani
- Amyloidosis Treatment and Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Chiara Marabelli
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Alessandro Corbelli
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via M. Negri 2, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Luisa Diomede
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via M. Negri 2, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Fabio Fiordaliso
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via M. Negri 2, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato, Milan, 20097, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Merlini
- Amyloidosis Treatment and Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Martino Bolognesi
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Mario Nuvolone
- Amyloidosis Treatment and Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Rubén Fernández-Busnadiego
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute for Neuropathology, Göttinge, 37077, Germany
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Giovanni Palladini
- Amyloidosis Treatment and Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Stefano Ricagno
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Italy.
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy.
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2
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Brull A, Sarathy A, Bolduc V, Chen GS, McCarty RM, Bönnemann CG. Optimized allele-specific silencing of the dominant-negative COL6A1 G293R substitution causing collagen VI-related dystrophy. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102178. [PMID: 38617974 PMCID: PMC11015156 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Collagen VI-related dystrophies (COL6-RDs) are a group of severe, congenital-onset muscular dystrophies for which there is no effective causative treatment. Dominant-negative mutations are common in COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 genes, encoding the collagen α1, α2, and α3 (VI) chains. They act by incorporating into the hierarchical assembly of the three α (VI) chains and consequently produce a dysfunctional collagen VI extracellular matrix, while haploinsufficiency for any of the COL6 genes is not associated with disease. Hence, allele-specific transcript inactivation is a valid therapeutic strategy, although selectively targeting a pathogenic single nucleotide variant is challenging. Here, we develop a small interfering RNA (siRNA) that robustly, and in an allele-specific manner, silences a common glycine substitution (G293R) caused by a single nucleotide change in COL6A1 gene. By intentionally introducing an additional mismatch into the siRNA design, we achieved enhanced specificity toward the mutant allele. Treatment of patient-derived fibroblasts effectively reduced the levels of mutant transcripts while maintaining unaltered wild-type transcript levels, rescuing the secretion and assembly of collagen VI matrix by reducing the dominant-negative effect of mutant chains. Our findings establish a promising treatment approach for patients with the recurrent dominantly negative acting G293R glycine substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Brull
- Neurogenetics and Neuromuscular Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Apurva Sarathy
- Neurogenetics and Neuromuscular Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Véronique Bolduc
- Neurogenetics and Neuromuscular Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Grace S. Chen
- Neurogenetics and Neuromuscular Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Riley M. McCarty
- Neurogenetics and Neuromuscular Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Carsten G. Bönnemann
- Neurogenetics and Neuromuscular Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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3
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Zens B, Fäßler F, Hansen JM, Hauschild R, Datler J, Hodirnau VV, Zheden V, Alanko J, Sixt M, Schur FK. Lift-out cryo-FIBSEM and cryo-ET reveal the ultrastructural landscape of extracellular matrix. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202309125. [PMID: 38506714 PMCID: PMC10955043 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202309125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as a scaffold for cells and plays an essential role in regulating numerous cellular processes, including cell migration and proliferation. Due to limitations in specimen preparation for conventional room-temperature electron microscopy, we lack structural knowledge on how ECM components are secreted, remodeled, and interact with surrounding cells. We have developed a 3D-ECM platform compatible with sample thinning by cryo-focused ion beam milling, the lift-out extraction procedure, and cryo-electron tomography. Our workflow implements cell-derived matrices (CDMs) grown on EM grids, resulting in a versatile tool closely mimicking ECM environments. This allows us to visualize ECM for the first time in its hydrated, native context. Our data reveal an intricate network of extracellular fibers, their positioning relative to matrix-secreting cells, and previously unresolved structural entities. Our workflow and results add to the structural atlas of the ECM, providing novel insights into its secretion and assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Zens
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Florian Fäßler
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jesse M. Hansen
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Robert Hauschild
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Julia Datler
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Vanessa Zheden
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jonna Alanko
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Michael Sixt
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Florian K.M. Schur
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
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Henriksen K, Genovese F, Reese-Petersen A, Audoly LP, Sun K, Karsdal MA, Scherer PE. Endotrophin, a Key Marker and Driver for Fibroinflammatory Disease. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:361-378. [PMID: 38091968 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Our overview covers several key areas related to recent results obtained for collagen type VI and endotrophin (ETP). (1) An introduction to the history of ETP, including how it was identified, how it is released, and its function and potential receptors. (2) An introduction to the collagen family, with a focus on what differentiates collagen type VI from an evolutionary standpoint. (3) An overview of collagen type VI, the 6 individual chains (COL6A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, and A6), their differences and similarities, as well as their expression profiles and function. (4) A detailed analysis of COL6A3, including the cleaved product endotrophin, and what separates it from the other 5 collagen 6 molecules, including its suggested function based on insights gained from knockout and gain of function mouse models. (5) The pathology of ETP. What leads to its presence and release and what are the consequences thereof? (6) Functional implications of circulating ETP. Here we review the data with the functional roles of ETP in mind. (7) We propose that ETP is a mediator for fibrotic (or fibroinflammatory) disorders. Based on what we know about ETP, we have to consider it as a target for the treatment of fibrotic (or fibroinflammatory) disorders. What segment(s) of the patient population would most dramatically respond to an ETP-targeted intervention? How can we find the population that would profit most from an intervention? We aim to present a broad overview over the ETP field at large, providing an assessment of where the future research efforts need to be placed to tap into the vast potential of ETP, both as a marker and as a target in different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Henriksen
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Nordic Bioscience A/S, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Federica Genovese
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Nordic Bioscience A/S, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | - Kai Sun
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Nordic Bioscience A/S, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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5
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Gregory CA, Ma J, Lomeli S. The coordinated activities of collagen VI and XII in maintenance of tissue structure, function and repair: evidence for a physical interaction. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1376091. [PMID: 38606288 PMCID: PMC11007232 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1376091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI and collagen XII are structurally complex collagens of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Like all collagens, type VI and XII both possess triple-helical components that facilitate participation in the ECM network, but collagen VI and XII are distinct from the more abundant fibrillar collagens in that they also possess arrays of structurally globular modules with the capacity to propagate signaling to attached cells. Cell attachment to collagen VI and XII is known to regulate protective, proliferative or developmental processes through a variety of mechanisms, but a growing body of genetic and biochemical evidence suggests that at least some of these phenomena may be potentiated through mechanisms that require coordinated interaction between the two collagens. For example, genetic studies in humans have identified forms of myopathic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with overlapping phenotypes that result from mutations in either collagen VI or XII, and biochemical and cell-based studies have identified accessory molecules that could form bridging interactions between the two collagens. However, the demonstration of a direct or ternary structural interaction between collagen VI or XII has not yet been reported. This Hypothesis and Theory review article examines the evidence that supports the existence of a functional complex between type VI and XII collagen in the ECM and discusses potential biological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl A. Gregory
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States
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6
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Metti S, Da Ros F, Toniato G, Cescon M, Bonaldo P. Native collagen VI delays early muscle stem cell differentiation. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261419. [PMID: 38224152 PMCID: PMC10911284 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are critical for muscle homeostasis and regeneration, and their behavior relies on a finely regulated niche made of specific extracellular matrix (ECM) components and soluble factors. Among ECM proteins, collagen VI (Col6) influences the mechanical properties of the niche and, in turn, MuSC self-renewal capabilities. Here, we investigated whether Col6 can exert a direct function as a biochemical signal for regulating the stemness and differentiation of murine MuSCs and myoblasts. Native Col6, but not its pepsin-resistant fragment, counteracts the early differentiation of myogenic cells by reducing the expression of differentiation marker genes and preserving stemness features, with inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway. Our data indicate that extracellular Col6 acts as a soluble ligand in delaying early myogenic differentiation by regulating intracellular signals involved in adult myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Metti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Da Ros
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgia Toniato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Matilde Cescon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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7
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Kwok B, Chandrasekaran P, Wang C, He L, Mauck RL, Dyment NA, Koyama E, Han L. Rapid specialization and stiffening of the primitive matrix in developing articular cartilage and meniscus. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:235-251. [PMID: 37414114 PMCID: PMC10529006 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding early patterning events in the extracellular matrix (ECM) formation can provide a blueprint for regenerative strategies to better recapitulate the function of native tissues. Currently, there is little knowledge on the initial, incipient ECM of articular cartilage and meniscus, two load-bearing counterparts of the knee joint. This study elucidated distinctive traits of their developing ECMs by studying the composition and biomechanics of these two tissues in mice from mid-gestation (embryonic day 15.5) to neo-natal (post-natal day 7) stages. We show that articular cartilage initiates with the formation of a pericellular matrix (PCM)-like primitive matrix, followed by the separation into distinct PCM and territorial/interterritorial (T/IT)-ECM domains, and then, further expansion of the T/IT-ECM through maturity. In this process, the primitive matrix undergoes a rapid, exponential stiffening, with a daily modulus increase rate of 35.7% [31.9 39.6]% (mean [95% CI]). Meanwhile, the matrix becomes more heterogeneous in the spatial distribution of properties, with concurrent exponential increases in the standard deviation of micromodulus and the slope correlating local micromodulus with the distance from cell surface. In comparison to articular cartilage, the primitive matrix of meniscus also exhibits exponential stiffening and an increase in heterogeneity, albeit with a much slower daily stiffening rate of 19.8% [14.9 24.9]% and a delayed separation of PCM and T/IT-ECM. These contrasts underscore distinct development paths of hyaline versus fibrocartilage. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into how knee joint tissues form to better guide cell- and biomaterial-based repair of articular cartilage, meniscus and potentially other load-bearing cartilaginous tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Successful regeneration of articular cartilage and meniscus is challenged by incomplete knowledge of early events that drive the initial formation of the tissues' extracellular matrix in vivo. This study shows that articular cartilage initiates with a pericellular matrix (PCM)-like primitive matrix during embryonic development. This primitive matrix then separates into distinct PCM and territorial/interterritorial domains, undergoes an exponential daily stiffening of ≈36% and an increase in micromechanical heterogeneity. At this early stage, the meniscus primitive matrix shows differential molecular traits and exhibits a slower daily stiffening of ≈20%, underscoring distinct matrix development between these two tissues. Our findings thus establish a new blueprint to guide the design of regenerative strategies to recapitulate the key developmental steps in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Kwok
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Prashant Chandrasekaran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Lan He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Nathaniel A Dyment
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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8
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Conner SJ, Guarin JR, Borges HB, Salhany KJ, Mensah DN, Hamilton GA, Le GH, Oudin MJ. Age and obesity-driven changes in the extracellular matrix of the primary tumor and metastatic site influence tumor invasion and metastatic outgrowth. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554492. [PMID: 37662270 PMCID: PMC10473680 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Younger age and obesity increase the incidence and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive subtype of breast cancer. The extracellular matrix (ECM) promotes tumor invasion and metastasis. We characterized the effect of age and obesity on the ECM of mammary fat pads, lungs, and liver using a diet-induced obesity (DIO) model. At 4 week intervals, we either injected the mammary fat pads with allograft tumor cells to characterize tumor growth and metastasis or isolated the mammary fat pads and livers to characterize the ECM. Age had no effect on tumor growth but increased lung and liver metastasis after 16 weeks. Obesity increased tumor growth starting at 12 weeks, increased liver metastasis only at 4 weeks, and weight gain correlated to increased lung but not liver metastasis. Utilizing whole decellularized ECM coupled with proteomics, we found that early stages of obesity were sufficient to induce changes in the ECM composition and invasive potential of mammary fat pads with increased abundance of pro-invasive ECM proteins Collagen IV and Collagen VI. We identified cells of stromal vascular fraction and adipose stem and progenitor cells as primarily responsible for secreting Collagen IV and VI, not adipocytes. We characterized the changes in ECM in the lungs and liver, and determined that older age decreases the metastatic potential of lung and liver ECM while later-stage obesity increases the metastatic potential. These data implicate ECM changes in the primary tumor and metastatic microenvironment as mechanisms by which age and obesity contribute to breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney J. Conner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02478
| | - Justinne R. Guarin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02478
| | - Hannah B. Borges
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02478
| | - Kenneth J. Salhany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02478
| | - Diamond N. Mensah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02478
| | - Grace A. Hamilton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02478
| | - Giang H. Le
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02478
| | - Madeleine J. Oudin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02478
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9
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Sui BD, Zheng CX, Zhao WM, Xuan K, Li B, Jin Y. Mesenchymal condensation in tooth development and regeneration: a focus on translational aspects of organogenesis. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1899-1964. [PMID: 36656056 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00019.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The teeth are vertebrate-specific, highly specialized organs performing fundamental functions of mastication and speech, the maintenance of which is crucial for orofacial homeostasis and is further linked to systemic health and human psychosocial well-being. However, with limited ability for self-repair, the teeth can often be impaired by traumatic, inflammatory, and progressive insults, leading to high prevalence of tooth loss and defects worldwide. Regenerative medicine holds the promise to achieve physiological restoration of lost or damaged organs, and in particular an evolving framework of developmental engineering has pioneered functional tooth regeneration by harnessing the odontogenic program. As a key event of tooth morphogenesis, mesenchymal condensation dictates dental tissue formation and patterning through cellular self-organization and signaling interaction with the epithelium, which provides a representative to decipher organogenetic mechanisms and can be leveraged for regenerative purposes. In this review, we summarize how mesenchymal condensation spatiotemporally assembles from dental stem cells (DSCs) and sequentially mediates tooth development. We highlight condensation-mimetic engineering efforts and mechanisms based on ex vivo aggregation of DSCs, which have achieved functionally robust and physiologically relevant tooth regeneration after implantation in animals and in humans. The discussion of this aspect will add to the knowledge of development-inspired tissue engineering strategies and will offer benefits to propel clinical organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Dong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wan-Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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10
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Zorina A, Zorin V, Isaev A, Kudlay D, Vasileva M, Kopnin P. Dermal Fibroblasts as the Main Target for Skin Anti-Age Correction Using a Combination of Regenerative Medicine Methods. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3829-3847. [PMID: 37232716 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This article includes the data from current studies regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms of skin aging and the regenerative processes occurring in the epidermis and dermis at the molecular and cellular level, mainly, the key role of dermal fibroblasts in skin regeneration. Analyzing these data, the authors proposed the concept of skin anti-age therapy that is based on the correction of age-related skin changes by stimulating regenerative processes at the molecular and cellular level. The main target of the skin anti-age therapy is dermal fibroblasts (DFs). A variant of the cosmetological anti-age program using the combination of laser and cellular methods of regenerative medicine is presented in the paper. The program includes three stages of implementation and defines the tasks and methods of each stage. Thus, laser technologies allow one to remodel the collagen matrix and create favorable conditions for DFs functions, whereas the cultivated autologous dermal fibroblasts replenish the pool of mature DFs decreasing with age and are responsible for the synthesis of components of the dermal extracellular matrix. Finally, the use of autological platelet-rich plasma (PRP) enables to maintenance of the achieved results by stimulating DF function. It has been shown that growth factors/cytokines contained in α-granules of platelets injected into the skin bind to the corresponding transmembrane receptors on the surface of DFs and stimulate their synthetic activity. Thus, the consecutive, step-by-step application of the described methods of regenerative medicine amplifies the effect on the molecular and cellular aging processes and thereby allows one to optimize and prolong the clinical results of skin rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Zorina
- The Human Stem Cells Institute, Moscow 119333, Russia
- SKINCELL LLC, Moscow 119333, Russia
| | - Vadim Zorin
- The Human Stem Cells Institute, Moscow 119333, Russia
- SKINCELL LLC, Moscow 119333, Russia
| | - Artur Isaev
- The Human Stem Cells Institute, Moscow 119333, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kudlay
- Department of Pharmacology, The I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (The Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Maria Vasileva
- The N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Oncology Center, The Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Pavel Kopnin
- The N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Oncology Center, The Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow 115478, Russia
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11
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Zanotti S, Magri F, Salani S, Napoli L, Ripolone M, Ronchi D, Fortunato F, Ciscato P, Velardo D, D’Angelo MG, Gualandi F, Nigro V, Sciacco M, Corti S, Comi GP, Piga D. Extracellular Matrix Disorganization and Sarcolemmal Alterations in COL6-Related Myopathy Patients with New Variants of COL6 Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5551. [PMID: 36982625 PMCID: PMC10059973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI is a heterotrimeric protein expressed in several tissues and involved in the maintenance of cell integrity. It localizes at the cell surface, creating a microfilamentous network that links the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. The heterotrimer consists of three chains encoded by COL6A1, COL6A2 and COL6A3 genes. Recessive and dominant molecular defects cause two main disorders, the severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy and the relatively mild and slowly progressive Bethlem myopathy. We analyzed the clinical aspects, pathological features and mutational spectrum of 15 COL6-mutated patients belonging to our cohort of muscular dystrophy probands. Patients presented a heterogeneous phenotype ranging from severe forms to mild adult-onset presentations. Molecular analysis by NGS detected 14 different pathogenic variants, three of them so far unreported. Two changes, localized in the triple-helical domain of COL6A1, were associated with a more severe phenotype. Histological, immunological and ultrastructural techniques were employed for the validation of the genetic variants; they documented the high variability in COL6 distribution and the extracellular matrix disorganization, highlighting the clinical heterogeneity of our cohort. The combined use of these different technologies is pivotal in the diagnosis of COL6 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Zanotti
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Magri
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Salani
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Napoli
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Ripolone
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Ronchi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Fortunato
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ciscato
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Velardo
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Gualandi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania and Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 81100 Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Sciacco
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Piga
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
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12
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Komori T, Ji Y, Pham H, Jani P, Kilts TM, Kram V, Li L, Young MF. Type
VI
collagen regulates endochondral ossification in the temporomandibular joint. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10617. [PMID: 35509631 PMCID: PMC9059467 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years there has been a keen interest in developing regenerative treatment for temporomandibular joint–osteoarthritis (TMJ‐OA). Currently, there is no consensus treatment due to the limited self‐healing ability of articular cartilage and lack of understanding of the complex mechanisms regulating cartilage development in the TMJ. Endochondral ossification, the process of subchondral bone formation through chondrocyte differentiation, is critical for TMJ growth and development, and is tightly regulated by the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Type VI collagen is a highly expressed ECM component in the TMJ cartilage, yet its specific functions are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated α2(VI)‐deficient (Col6a2‐knockout [KO]) mice, which are unable to secret or incorporate type VI collagen into their ECM. Compared with wild‐type (WT) mice, the TMJ condyles of Col6a2‐KO mice exhibit decreased bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and a larger bone marrow space, suggesting the α2(VI)‐deficient condyles have a failure in endochondral ossification. Differentiating chondrocytes are the main source of bone cells during endochondral ossification. Our study shows there is an increased number of chondrocytes in the proliferative zone and decreased Col10‐expressing chondrocytes in Col6a2‐KO cartilage, all pointing to abnormal chondrocyte differentiation and maturation. In addition, RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis identified distinct gene expression profiles related to cell cycle and ECM organization that were altered in the mutant condyles. These data also suggest that bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) activity was deregulated during chondrocyte differentiation. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated an upregulation of Col2 and Acan expression in Col6a2‐KO cartilage. Moreover, the expression of pSmad1/5/8 and Runx2 was decreased in the Col6a2‐KO cartilage compared with WT controls. Taken together, our data indicate that type VI collagen expressed in the TMJ cartilage is important for endochondral ossification, possibly by modulating the ECM and altering/disrupting signaling pathways important for TMJ chondrocyte differentiation. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Komori
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda Maryland US
| | - Youngmi Ji
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda Maryland US
| | - Hai Pham
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda Maryland US
| | - Priyam Jani
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda Maryland US
| | - Tina M. Kilts
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda Maryland US
| | - Vardit Kram
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda Maryland US
| | - Li Li
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda Maryland US
| | - Marian F. Young
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda Maryland US
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13
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Kerbert AJC, Gupta S, Alabsawy E, Dobler I, Lønsmann I, Hall A, Nielsen SH, Nielsen MJ, Gronbaek H, Amoros À, Yeung D, Macnaughtan J, Mookerjee RP, Macdonald S, Andreola F, Moreau R, Arroyo V, Angeli P, Leeming DJ, Treem W, Karsdal MA, Jalan R. Biomarkers of extracellular matrix formation are associated with acute-on-chronic liver failure. JHEP REPORTS : INNOVATION IN HEPATOLOGY 2021; 3:100355. [PMID: 34805815 PMCID: PMC8581571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background & Aims Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterised by organ failure(s), high short-term mortality, and, pathophysiologically, deranged inflammatory responses. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critically involved in regulating the inflammatory response. This study aimed to determine alterations in biomarkers of ECM turnover in ACLF and their association with inflammation, organ failures, and mortality. Methods We studied 283 patients with cirrhosis admitted for acute decompensation (AD) with or without ACLF, 64 patients with stable cirrhosis, and 30 healthy controls. A validation cohort (25 ACLF, 9 healthy controls) was included. Plasma PRO-C3, PRO-C4, PRO-C5, PRO-C6, and PRO-C8 (i.e. collagen type III–VI and VIII formation) and C4M and C6M (i.e. collagen type IV and VI degradation) were measured. Immunohistochemistry of PRO-C6 was performed on liver biopsies (AD [n = 7], ACLF [n = 5]). A competing-risk regression analysis was performed to explore the prognostic value of biomarkers of ECM turnover with 28- and 90-day mortality. Results PRO-C3 and PRO-C6 were increased in ACLF compared to AD (p = 0.089 and p <0.001, respectively), whereas collagen degradation markers C4M and C6M were similar. Both PRO-C3 and PRO-C6 were strongly associated with liver function and inflammatory markers. Only PRO-C6 was associated with extrahepatic organ failures and 28- and 90-day mortality (hazard ratio [HR; on log-scale] 6.168, 95% CI 2.366–16.080, p <0.001, and 3.495, 95% CI 1.509–8.093, p = 0.003, respectively). These findings were consistent in the validation cohort. High PRO-C6 expression was observed in liver biopsies of patients with ACLF. Conclusions This study shows, for the first time, evidence of severe net interstitial collagen deposition in ACLF and makes the novel observation of the association between PRO-C6 and (extrahepatic) organ failures and mortality. Further studies are needed to define the pathogenic significance of these observations. Lay summary This study describes a disrupted turnover of collagen type III and VI in Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Plasma biomarkers of these collagens (PRO-C3 and PRO-C6) are associated with the severity of liver dysfunction and inflammation. PRO-C6, also known as the hormone endotrophin, has also been found to be associated with multi-organ failure and prognosis in acute decompensation and ACLF. Collagen type III and VI formation is increased in ACLF compared to AD. PRO-C3 and PRO-C6 correlate with the severity of liver dysfunction and inflammation in AD and ACLF. High PRO-C6 levels were found to be indicative for the presence of multi-organ failure and worse survival.
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Key Words
- ACLF, acute-on-chronic liver failure
- AD, acute decompensation
- CLIF-C ACLF, CLIF Consortium Acute-on-Chronic Liver
- CLIF-C AD, CLIF Consortium Acute Decompensation
- CLIF-C OF, CLIF Consortium Organ Failure
- CPE, concordance probability estimate
- Collagen
- DAMP, danger-associated molecular pattern
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- HC, healthy control
- HR, hazard ratio
- HSC, hepatic stellate cell
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- INR, international normalised ratio
- K18, keratin 18
- Liver cirrhosis
- MELD, model for end-stage liver disease
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- Multi-organ failure
- NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
- NIS, noninterventional Study
- PAMP, pathogen-associated molecular pattern
- Prognosis
- ROC, receiver operating characteristic
- SC, stable cirrhosis
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- UCL, University College London
- UCLH, University College London Hospitals
- WCC, white cell count
- cK18, caspase-cleaved keratin 18
- α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarein J C Kerbert
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Translational and Biomarker Research, GI-DDU, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eman Alabsawy
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Iwona Dobler
- Statistical and Quantitative Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ida Lønsmann
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Andrew Hall
- Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Signe Holm Nielsen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Henning Gronbaek
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Àlex Amoros
- European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dave Yeung
- Translational and Biomarker Research, GI-DDU, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jane Macnaughtan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Rajeshwar P Mookerjee
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK.,Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stewart Macdonald
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Fausto Andreola
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Richard Moreau
- European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona, Spain.,Inserm and Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Paris, France.,Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Vicente Arroyo
- European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Angeli
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - William Treem
- Clinical Science, GI-TAU, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Rajiv Jalan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
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14
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Freise C, Lee H, Chronowski C, Chan D, Cziomer J, Rühl M, Dagdelen T, Lösekann M, Erben U, Catic A, Tegge W, Schuppan D, Somasundaram R, Sahin E. Alpha-single chains of collagen type VI inhibit the fibrogenic effects of triple helical collagen VI in hepatic stellate cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254557. [PMID: 34473704 PMCID: PMC8412337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of extracellular matrix (ECM) components with hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is thought to perpetuate fibrosis by stimulating signaling pathways that drive HSC activation, survival and proliferation. Consequently, disrupting the interaction between ECM and HSCs is considered a therapeutical avenue although respective targets and underlying mechanisms remain to be established. Here we have interrogated the interaction between type VI collagen (CVI) and HSCs based on the observation that CVI is 10-fold upregulated during fibrosis, closely associates with HSCs in vivo and promotes cell proliferation and cell survival in cancer cell lines. We exposed primary rat HSCs and a rat hepatic stellate cell line (CFSC) to soluble CVI and determined the rate of proliferation, apoptosis and fibrogenesis in the absence of any additional growth factors. We find that CVI in nanomolar concentrations prevents serum starvation-induced apoptosis. This potent anti-apoptotic effect is accompanied by induction of proliferation and acquisition of a pronounced pro-fibrogenic phenotype characterized by increased α-smooth muscle actin, TGF-β, collagen type I and TIMP-1 expression and diminished proteolytic MMP-13 expression. The CVI-HSC interaction can be disrupted with the monomeric α2(VI) and α3(VI) chains and abrogates the activating CVI effects. Further, functional relevant α3(VI)—derived 30 amino acid peptides lead to near-complete inhibition of the CVI effect. In conclusion, CVI serves as a potent mitogen and activating factor for HSCs. The antagonistic effects of the CVI monomeric chains and peptides point to linear peptide sequences that prevent activation of CVI receptors which may allow a targeted antifibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Freise
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hyunho Lee
- Huffington Center On Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Christopher Chronowski
- Huffington Center On Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Doug Chan
- Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jessica Cziomer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Rühl
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tarkan Dagdelen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Lösekann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Erben
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andre Catic
- Huffington Center On Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Werner Tegge
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rajan Somasundaram
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ergun Sahin
- Huffington Center On Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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15
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Williams L, Layton T, Yang N, Feldmann M, Nanchahal J. Collagen VI as a driver and disease biomarker in human fibrosis. FEBS J 2021; 289:3603-3629. [PMID: 34109754 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis of visceral organs such as the lungs, heart, kidneys and liver remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality and is also associated with many other disorders, including cancer and metabolic disease. In this review, we focus upon the microfibrillar collagen VI, which is present in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of most tissues. However, expression is elevated in numerous fibrotic conditions, such as idiopathic pulmonary disease (IPF), and chronic liver and kidney diseases. Collagen VI is composed of three subunits α1, α2 and α3, which can be replaced with alternate chains of α4, α5 or α6. The C-terminal globular domain (C5) of collagen VI α3 can be proteolytically cleaved to form a biologically active fragment termed endotrophin, which has been shown to actively drive fibrosis, inflammation and insulin resistance. Tissue biopsies have long been considered the gold standard for diagnosis and monitoring of progression of fibrotic disease. The identification of neoantigens from enzymatically processed collagen chains have revolutionised the biomarker field, allowing rapid diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis of numerous fibrotic conditions, as well as providing valuable clinical trial endpoint determinants. Collagen VI chain fragments such as endotrophin (PRO-C6), C6M and C6Mα3 are emerging as important biomarkers for fibrotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Williams
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Layton
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Nan Yang
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Marc Feldmann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Jagdeep Nanchahal
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, UK
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16
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Espana EM, Birk DE. Composition, structure and function of the corneal stroma. Exp Eye Res 2020; 198:108137. [PMID: 32663498 PMCID: PMC7508887 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
No other tissue in the body depends more on the composition and organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) for normal structure and function than the corneal stroma. The precise arrangement and orientation of collagen fibrils, lamellae and keratocytes that occurs during development and is needed in adults to maintain stromal function is dependent on the regulated interaction of multiple ECM components that contribute to attain the unique properties of the cornea: transparency, shape, mechanical strength, and avascularity. This review summarizes the contribution of different ECM components, their structure, regulation and function in modulating the properties of the corneal stroma. Fibril forming collagens (I, III, V), fibril associated collagens with interrupted triple helices (XII and XIV), network forming collagens (IV, VI and VIII) as well as small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) expressed in the stroma: decorin, biglycan, lumican, keratocan, and fibromodulin are some of the ECM components reviewed in this manuscript. There are spatial and temporal differences in the expression of these ECM components, as well as interactions among them that contribute to stromal function. Unique regions within the stroma like Bowman's layer and Descemet's layer are discussed. To define the complexity of corneal stroma composition and structure as well as the relationship to function is a daunting task. Our knowledge is expanding, and we expect that this review provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge, definition of gaps and suggests future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar M Espana
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, USA; Cornea, External Disease and Refractive Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - David E Birk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, USA.
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17
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Solomon-Degefa H, Gebauer JM, Jeffries CM, Freiburg CD, Meckelburg P, Bird LE, Baumann U, Svergun DI, Owens RJ, Werner JM, Behrmann E, Paulsson M, Wagener R. Structure of a collagen VI α3 chain VWA domain array: adaptability and functional implications of myopathy causing mutations. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:12755-12771. [PMID: 32719005 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI is a ubiquitous heterotrimeric protein of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that plays an essential role in the proper maintenance of skeletal muscle. Mutations in collagen VI lead to a spectrum of congenital myopathies, from the mild Bethlem myopathy to the severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Collagen VI contains only a short triple helix and consists primarily of von Willebrand factor type A (VWA) domains, protein-protein interaction modules found in a range of ECM proteins. Disease-causing mutations occur commonly in the VWA domains, and the second VWA domain of the α3 chain, the N2 domain, harbors several such mutations. Here, we investigate structure-function relationships of the N2 mutations to shed light on their possible myopathy mechanisms. We determined the X-ray crystal structure of N2, combined with monitoring secretion efficiency in cell culture of selected N2 single-domain mutants, finding that mutations located within the central core of the domain severely affect secretion efficiency. In longer α3 chain constructs, spanning N6-N3, small-angle X-ray scattering demonstrates that the tandem VWA array has a modular architecture and samples multiple conformations in solution. Single-particle EM confirmed the presence of multiple conformations. Structural adaptability appears intrinsic to the VWA domain region of collagen VI α3 and has implications for binding interactions and modulating stiffness within the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan M Gebauer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Cy M Jeffries
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin D Freiburg
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Louise E Bird
- The Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Structural Biology Division, Wellcome Human Genetics Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dmitri I Svergun
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Raymond J Owens
- The Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Structural Biology Division, Wellcome Human Genetics Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jörn M Werner
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Elmar Behrmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Max Planck Research Group Structural Dynamics of Proteins, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Bonn, Germany
| | - Mats Paulsson
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Cologne, Germany
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany .,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Cologne, Germany
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18
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Aguti S, Bolduc V, Ala P, Turmaine M, Bönnemann CG, Muntoni F, Zhou H. Exon-Skipping Oligonucleotides Restore Functional Collagen VI by Correcting a Common COL6A1 Mutation in Ullrich CMD. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:205-216. [PMID: 32585628 PMCID: PMC7321786 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Collagen VI-related congenital muscular dystrophies (COL6-CMDs) are the second most common form of congenital muscular dystrophy. Currently, there is no effective treatment available. COL6-CMDs are caused by recessive or dominant mutations in one of the three genes encoding for the α chains of collagen type VI (COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3). One of the most common mutations in COL6-CMD patients is a de novo deep intronic c.930+189C > T mutation in COL6A1 gene. This mutation creates a cryptic donor splice site and induces incorporation of a novel in-frame pseudo-exon in the mature transcripts. In this study, we systematically evaluated the splice switching approach using antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to correct this mutation. Fifteen ASOs were designed using the RNA-tiling approach to target the misspliced pseudo-exon and its flanking sequences. The efficiency of ASOs was evaluated at RNA, protein, and structural levels in skin fibroblasts established from four patients carrying the c.930+189C > T mutation. We identified two additional lead ASO candidates that efficiently induce pseudo-exon exclusion from the mature transcripts, thus allowing for the restoration of a functional collagen VI microfibrillar matrix. Our findings provide further evidence for ASO exon skipping as a therapeutic approach for COL6-CMD patients carrying this common intronic mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Aguti
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Molecular Neurosciences Section, Developmental Neurosciences Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Véronique Bolduc
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland MD 20892, USA
| | - Pierpaolo Ala
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Molecular Neurosciences Section, Developmental Neurosciences Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Mark Turmaine
- Division of Biosciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland MD 20892, USA
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Molecular Neurosciences Section, Developmental Neurosciences Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK; Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
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19
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Bolduc V, Foley AR, Solomon-Degefa H, Sarathy A, Donkervoort S, Hu Y, Chen GS, Sizov K, Nalls M, Zhou H, Aguti S, Cummings BB, Lek M, Tukiainen T, Marshall JL, Regev O, Marek-Yagel D, Sarkozy A, Butterfield RJ, Jou C, Jimenez-Mallebrera C, Li Y, Gartioux C, Mamchaoui K, Allamand V, Gualandi F, Ferlini A, Hanssen E, Wilton SD, Lamandé SR, MacArthur DG, Wagener R, Muntoni F, Bönnemann CG. A recurrent COL6A1 pseudoexon insertion causes muscular dystrophy and is effectively targeted by splice-correction therapies. JCI Insight 2019; 4:124403. [PMID: 30895940 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.124403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of advanced next-generation sequencing technologies is increasingly uncovering novel classes of mutations that may serve as potential targets for precision medicine therapeutics. Here, we show that a deep intronic splice defect in the COL6A1 gene, originally discovered by applying muscle RNA sequencing in patients with clinical findings of collagen VI-related dystrophy (COL6-RD), inserts an in-frame pseudoexon into COL6A1 mRNA, encodes a mutant collagen α1(VI) protein that exerts a dominant-negative effect on collagen VI matrix assembly, and provides a unique opportunity for splice-correction approaches aimed at restoring normal gene expression. Using splice-modulating antisense oligomers, we efficiently skipped the pseudoexon in patient-derived fibroblast cultures and restored a wild-type matrix. Similarly, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to precisely delete an intronic sequence containing the pseudoexon and efficiently abolish its inclusion while preserving wild-type splicing. Considering that this splice defect is emerging as one of the single most frequent mutations in COL6-RD, the design of specific and effective splice-correction therapies offers a promising path for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Bolduc
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Herimela Solomon-Degefa
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Apurva Sarathy
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sandra Donkervoort
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Grace S Chen
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Sizov
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew Nalls
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.,Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Aguti
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beryl B Cummings
- Analytical and Translation Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Monkol Lek
- Analytical and Translation Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Taru Tukiainen
- Analytical and Translation Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jamie L Marshall
- Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oded Regev
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Dina Marek-Yagel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Anna Sarkozy
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Russell J Butterfield
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Cristina Jou
- Pathology Department and Biobanc de l'Hospital Infantil Sant Joan de Déu per a la Investigació, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Mallebrera
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yan Li
- Peptide/Protein Sequencing Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Corine Gartioux
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris, France
| | - Kamel Mamchaoui
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Allamand
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris, France
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.,Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Bio21 Advanced Microscopy Facility, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Steve D Wilton
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Shireen R Lamandé
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Daniel G MacArthur
- Analytical and Translation Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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20
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Willumsen N, Bager C, Karsdal MA. Matrix Metalloprotease Generated Fragments of Type VI Collagen Have Serum Biomarker Potential in Cancer - A Proof of Concept Study. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:693-698. [PMID: 30856553 PMCID: PMC6411605 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type VI collagen (COL6) is associated with several pro-tumorigenic events. COL6 is primarily composed of three alpha-chains (a1-a3) forming a specialized microfibrillar network to support tissue architecture. COL6 homeostasis is lost in the tumor due to increased COL6 synthesis by activated fibroblast and altered proteolytic degradation by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). Consequently, pathology-specific COL6 fragments are released to the circulation. This study evaluates four COL6 fragments measured in serum as potential biomarkers for cancer. METHODS C6Ma1 (MMP-generated neo-epitope on the a1 chain), C6Ma3 (MMP-generated neo-epitope on the a3 chain), PRO-C6 (C-terminal of the a3 chain) and IC-6 (internal epitope on the a1 chain) were measured by ELISA in serum from patients with various stage 1-4 cancer indications (n = 4-11 per indication, total n = 65) and healthy controls (n = 13). RESULTS C6Ma1 and C6Ma3 were significantly elevated in most cancer types compared to controls; PRO-C6 and IC6 were not. No significant differences were seen according to age, gender and TNM stage. Comparing cancer patients to controls, the AUROC was 0.90 (P < .0001), 0.87 (P < .0001), 0.59 (P = .311) and 0.53 (P = .747) for C6Ma1, C6Ma3, PRO-C6 and IC-6, respectively. Only C6M and C6Ma3 correlated significantly (Spearman, r = 0.74, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS MMP-generated COL6 fragments (C6Ma1, C6Ma3) were elevated in serum from cancer patients compared to controls and had promising diagnostic accuracy. This supports that MMP-mediated COL6 remodeling is important in tumorigenesis and indicate cancer biomarker potential of quantifying COL-6 fragments in serum. Future studies should determine biological and clinical applicability of the COL-6 serum biomarkers in relation to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilie Bager
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers and Research, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers and Research, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
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21
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Lansky Z, Mutsafi Y, Houben L, Ilani T, Armony G, Wolf SG, Fass D. 3D mapping of native extracellular matrix reveals cellular responses to the microenvironment. JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY-X 2019; 1:100002. [PMID: 32055794 PMCID: PMC7001979 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjsbx.2018.100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) are mutually interdependent: cells guide self-assembly of ECM precursors, and the resulting ECM architecture supports and instructs cells. Though bidirectional signaling between ECM and cells is fundamental to cell biology, it is challenging to gain high-resolution structural information on cellular responses to the matrix microenvironment. Here we used cryo-scanning transmission electron tomography (CSTET) to reveal the nanometer- to micron-scale organization of major fibroblast ECM components in a native-like context, while simultaneously visualizing internal cell ultrastructure including organelles and cytoskeleton. In addition to extending current models for collagen VI fibril organization, three-dimensional views of thick cell regions and surrounding matrix showed how ECM networks impact the structures and dynamics of intracellular organelles and how cells remodel ECM. Collagen VI and fibronectin were seen to distribute in fundamentally different ways in the cell microenvironment and perform distinct roles in supporting and interacting with cells. This work demonstrates that CSTET provides a new perspective for the study of ECM in cell biology, highlighting labeled extracellular elements against a backdrop of unlabeled but morphologically identifiable cellular features with nanometer resolution detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipora Lansky
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Mutsafi
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lothar Houben
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Ilani
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gad Armony
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sharon G. Wolf
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Deborah Fass
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Corresponding author.
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22
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Marchand M, Monnot C, Muller L, Germain S. Extracellular matrix scaffolding in angiogenesis and capillary homeostasis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 89:147-156. [PMID: 30165150 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of blood vessels, which is composed of both the vascular basement membrane (BM) and the interstitial ECM is identified as a crucial component of the vasculature. We here focus on the unique molecular composition and scaffolding of the capillary ECM, which provides structural support to blood vessels and regulates properties of endothelial cells and pericytes. The major components of the BM are collagen IV, laminins, heparan sulfate proteoglycans and nidogen and also associated proteins such as collagen XVIII and fibronectin. Their organization and scaffolding in the BM is required for proper capillary morphogenesis and maintenance of vascular homeostasis. The BM also regulates vascular mechanosensing. A better understanding of the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular BM and interstitial ECM therefore opens new perspectives to control physiological and pathological angiogenesis and vascular homeostasis. The overall aim of this review is to explain how ECM scaffolding influences angiogenesis and capillary integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Marchand
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Monnot
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Muller
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Germain
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France.
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23
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Mohassel P, Foley AR, Bönnemann CG. Extracellular matrix-driven congenital muscular dystrophies. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:188-204. [PMID: 29933045 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle function relies on the myofibrillar apparatus inside myofibers as well as an intact extracellular matrix surrounding each myofiber. Muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) plays several roles including but not limited to force transmission, regulation of growth factors and inflammatory responses, and influencing muscle stem cell (i.e. satellite cell) proliferation and differentiation. In most myopathies, muscle ECM undergoes remodeling and fibrotic changes that may be maladaptive for normal muscle function and recovery. In addition, mutations in skeletal muscle ECM and basement proteins can cause muscle disease. In this review, we summarize the clinical features of two of the most common congenital muscular dystrophies, COL6-related dystrophies and LAMA2-related dystrophies, which are caused by mutations in muscle ECM and basement membrane proteins. The study of clinical features of these diseases has helped to inform basic research and understanding of the biology of muscle ECM. In return, basic studies of muscle ECM have provided the conceptual framework to develop therapeutic interventions for these and other similar disorders of muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Mohassel
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, United States of America
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, United States of America
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, United States of America.
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24
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Eckersley A, Mellody KT, Pilkington S, Griffiths CEM, Watson REB, O'Cualain R, Baldock C, Knight D, Sherratt MJ. Structural and compositional diversity of fibrillin microfibrils in human tissues. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:5117-5133. [PMID: 29453284 PMCID: PMC5892578 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastic fibers comprising fibrillin microfibrils and elastin are present in many tissues, including the skin, lungs, and arteries, where they confer elasticity and resilience. Although fibrillin microfibrils play distinct and tissue-specific functional roles, it is unclear whether their ultrastructure and composition differ between elastin-rich (skin) and elastin-poor (ciliary body and zonule) organs or after in vitro synthesis by cultured cells. Here, we used atomic force microscopy, which revealed that the bead morphology of fibrillin microfibrils isolated from the human eye differs from those isolated from the skin. Using newly developed pre-MS preparation methods and LC-MS/MS, we detected tissue-specific regions of the fibrillin-1 primary structure that were differentially susceptible to proteolytic extraction. Comparing tissue- and culture-derived microfibrils, we found that dermis- and dermal fibroblast–derived fibrillin microfibrils differ in both bead morphology and periodicity and also exhibit regional differences in fibrillin-1 proteolytic susceptibility. In contrast, collagen VI microfibrils from the same dermal or fibroblast samples were invariant in ultrastructure (periodicity) and protease susceptibility. Finally, we observed that skin- and eye-derived microfibril suspensions were enriched in elastic fiber– and basement membrane–associated proteins, respectively. LC-MS/MS also identified proteins (such as calreticulin and protein-disulfide isomerase) that are potentially fundamental to fibrillin microfibril biology, regardless of their tissue source. Fibrillin microfibrils synthesized in cell culture lacked some of these key proteins (MFAP2 and -4 and fibrillin-2). These results showcase the structural diversity of these key extracellular matrix assemblies, which may relate to their distinct roles in the tissues where they reside.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kieran T Mellody
- From the Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine
| | | | - Christopher E M Griffiths
- the Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences.,the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E B Watson
- the Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences.,the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Clair Baldock
- From the Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine.,the Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom and
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25
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Schneider MC, Barnes CA, Bryant SJ. Characterization of the chondrocyte secretome in photoclickable poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:2096-2108. [PMID: 28436002 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels are highly tunable platforms that are promising cell delivery vehicles for chondrocytes and cartilage tissue engineering. In addition to characterizing the type of extracellular matrix (ECM) that forms, understanding the types of proteins that are secreted by encapsulated cells may be important. Thus, the objectives for this study were to characterize the secretome of chondrocytes encapsulated in PEG hydrogels and determine whether the secretome varies as a function of hydrogel stiffness and culture condition. Bovine chondrocytes were encapsulated in photoclickable PEG hydrogels with a compressive modulus of 8 and 46 kPa and cultured under free swelling or dynamic compressive loading conditions. Cartilage ECM deposition was assessed by biochemical assays and immunohistochemistry. The conditioned medium was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Chondrocytes maintained their phenotype within the hydrogels and deposited cartilage-specific ECM that increased over time and included aggrecan and collagens II and VI. Analysis of the secretome revealed a total of 64 proteins, which were largely similar among all experimental conditions. The identified proteins have diverse functions such as biological regulation, response to stress, and collagen fibril organization. Notably, many of the proteins important to the assembly of a collagen-rich cartilage ECM were identified and included collagen types II(α1), VI (α1, α2, and α3), IX (α1), XI (α1 and α2), and biglycan. In addition, many of the other identified proteins have been reported to be present within cell-secreted exosomes. In summary, chondrocytes encapsulated within photoclickable PEG hydrogels secrete many types of proteins that diffuse out of the hydrogel and which have diverse functions, but which are largely preserved across different hydrogel culture environments. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2096-2108. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C Schneider
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Campus Box 596, Boulder 80309, Colorado.,Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | | | - Stephanie J Bryant
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Campus Box 596, Boulder 80309, Colorado.,Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.,Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
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Godwin ARF, Starborg T, Sherratt MJ, Roseman AM, Baldock C. Defining the hierarchical organisation of collagen VI microfibrils at nanometre to micrometre length scales. Acta Biomater 2017; 52:21-32. [PMID: 27956360 PMCID: PMC5402720 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix microfibrils are critical components of connective tissues with a wide range of mechanical and cellular signalling functions. Collagen VI is a heteromeric network-forming collagen which is expressed in tissues such as skin, lung, blood vessels and articular cartilage where it anchors cells into the matrix allowing for transduction of biochemical and mechanical signals. It is not understood how collagen VI is arranged into microfibrils or how these microfibrils are arranged into tissues. Therefore we have characterised the hierarchical organisation of collagen VI across multiple length scales. The frozen hydrated nanostructure of purified collagen VI microfibrils was reconstructed using cryo-TEM. The bead region has a compact hollow head and flexible tail regions linked by the collagenous interbead region. Serial block face SEM imaging coupled with electron tomography of the pericellular matrix (PCM) of murine articular cartilage revealed that the PCM has a meshwork-like organisation formed from globular densities ∼30nm in diameter. These approaches can characterise structures spanning nanometer to millimeter length scales to define the nanostructure of individual collagen VI microfibrils and the micro-structural organisation of these fibrils within tissues to help in the future design of better mimetics for tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cartilage is a connective tissue rich in extracellular matrix molecules and is tough and compressive to cushion the bones of joints. However, in adults cartilage is poorly repaired after injury and so this is an important target for tissue engineering. Many connective tissues contain collagen VI, which forms microfibrils and networks but we understand very little about these assemblies or the tissue structures they form. Therefore, we have use complementary imaging techniques to image collagen VI microfibrils from the nano-scale to the micro-scale in order to understand the structure and the assemblies it forms. These findings will help to inform the future design of scaffolds to mimic connective tissues in regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R F Godwin
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Tobias Starborg
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Alan M Roseman
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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Pawelec KM, Best SM, Cameron RE. Collagen: a network for regenerative medicine. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6484-6496. [PMID: 27928505 PMCID: PMC5123637 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00807k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The basic building block of the extra-cellular matrix in native tissue is collagen. As a structural protein, collagen has an inherent biocompatibility making it an ideal material for regenerative medicine. Cellular response, mediated by integrins, is dictated by the structure and chemistry of the collagen fibers. Fiber formation, via fibrillogenesis, can be controlled in vitro by several factors: pH, ionic strength, and collagen structure. After formation, fibers are stabilized via cross-linking. The final bioactivity of collagen scaffolds is a result of both processes. By considering each step of fabrication, scaffolds can be tailored for the specific needs of each tissue, improving their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Pawelec
- University of Michigan , 2350 Hayward Ave , Ann Arbor , MI 48109 , USA
| | - S M Best
- Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , CB3 0FS , UK .
| | - R E Cameron
- Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , CB3 0FS , UK .
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28
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The alterations in the extracellular matrix composition guide the repair of damaged liver tissue. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27398. [PMID: 27264108 PMCID: PMC4893701 DOI: 10.1038/srep27398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
While the cellular mechanisms of liver regeneration have been thoroughly studied, the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) in liver regeneration is still poorly understood. We utilized a proteomics-based approach to identify the shifts in ECM composition after CCl4 or DDC treatment and studied their effect on the proliferation of liver cells by combining biophysical and cell culture methods. We identified notable alterations in the ECM structural components (eg collagens I, IV, V, fibronectin, elastin) as well as in non-structural proteins (eg olfactomedin-4, thrombospondin-4, armadillo repeat-containing x-linked protein 2 (Armcx2)). Comparable alterations in ECM composition were seen in damaged human livers. The increase in collagen content and decrease in elastic fibers resulted in rearrangement and increased stiffness of damaged liver ECM. Interestingly, the alterations in ECM components were nonhomogenous and differed between periportal and pericentral areas and thus our experiments demonstrated the differential ability of selected ECM components to regulate the proliferation of hepatocytes and biliary cells. We define for the first time the alterations in the ECM composition of livers recovering from damage and present functional evidence for a coordinated ECM remodelling that ensures an efficient restoration of liver tissue.
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Mak KM, Png CYM, Lee DJ. Type V Collagen in Health, Disease, and Fibrosis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2016; 299:613-29. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ki M. Mak
- Department of Medical Education/Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York New York
| | - Chien Yi M. Png
- Department of Medical Education; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York New York
| | - Danielle J. Lee
- Department of Medical Education; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York New York
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30
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Izu Y, Ezura Y, Koch M, Birk DE, Noda M. Collagens VI and XII form complexes mediating osteoblast interactions during osteogenesis. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 364:623-635. [PMID: 26753503 PMCID: PMC4875952 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone formation is precisely regulated by cell-cell communication in osteoblasts. We have previously demonstrated that genetic deletion of Col6a1 or Col12a1 impairs osteoblast connections and/or communication in mice, resulting in bone mass reduction and bone fragility. Mutations of the genes encoding collagen VI cause Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) and Bethlem myopathy (BM), which have overlapping phenotypes involving connective tissue and muscle. Recent studies have identified COL12A1 gene mutations in patients with UCMD- and BM-like disorders harboring no COL6 mutations, indicating the shared functions of these collagens in connective tissue homeostasis. The purpose of this investigation has been to test the hypothesis that collagens VI and XII have coordinate regulatory role(s) during bone formation. We analyzed the localization of collagens VI and XII relative to primary osteoblasts during osteogenesis. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that collagens VI and XII colocalized in matrix bridges between adjacent cells during periods when osteoblasts were establishing cell-cell connections. Quantification of cells harboring collagen bridges demonstrated that matrix bridges were composed of collagens VI and XII but not collagen I. Interestingly, matrix bridge formation was impaired in osteoblasts deficient in either Col6a1 or Col12a1, suggesting that both collagens were indispensable for matrix bridge formation. These data demonstrate, for the first time, a functional relationship between collagens VI and XII during osteogenesis and indicate that a complex containing collagens VI and XII is essential for the formation of a communicating cellular network during bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Izu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, M&D Tower 24th, 5-45 1-Chome Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Ezura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, M&D Tower 24th, 5-45 1-Chome Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Manuel Koch
- Institute for Dental Research and Musculoskeletal Biology, Center for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David E Birk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Masaki Noda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, M&D Tower 24th, 5-45 1-Chome Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
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31
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Ramanoudjame L, Rocancourt C, Lainé J, Klein A, Joassard L, Gartioux C, Fleury M, Lyphout L, Kabashi E, Ciura S, Cousin X, Allamand V. Two novel COLVI long chains in zebrafish that are essential for muscle development. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:6624-39. [PMID: 26362255 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI (COLVI), a protein ubiquitously expressed in connective tissues, is crucial for structural integrity, cellular adhesion, migration and survival. Six different genes are recognized in mammalians, encoding six COLVI-chains that assemble as two 'short' (α1, α2) and one 'long' chain (theoretically any one of α3-6). In humans, defects in the most widely expressed heterotrimer (α123), due to mutations in the COL6A1-3 genes, cause a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders, collectively termed COLVI-related muscle disorders. Little is known about the function(s) of the recently described α4-6 chains and no mutations have been detected yet. In this study, we characterized two novel COLVI long chains in zebrafish that are most homologous to the mammalian α4 chain; therefore, we named the corresponding genes col6a4a and col6a4b. These orthologues represent ancestors of the mammalian Col6a4-6 genes. By in situ hybridization and RT-qPCR, we unveiled a distinctive expression kinetics for col6a4b, compared with the other col6a genes. Using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides targeting col6a4a, col6a4b and col6a2, we modelled partial and complete COLVI deficiency, respectively. All morphant embryos presented altered muscle structure and impaired motility. While apoptosis was not drastically increased, autophagy induction was defective in all morphants. Furthermore, motoneuron axon growth was abnormal in these morphants. Importantly, some phenotypical differences emerged between col6a4a and col6a4b morphants, suggesting only partial functional redundancy. Overall, our results further confirm the importance of COLVI in zebrafish muscle development and may provide important clues for potential human phenotypes associated with deficiency of the recently described COLVI-chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Ramanoudjame
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | | | - Jeanne Lainé
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France, Département de Physiologie, Sorbonne Universités UPMC Paris 06, Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Arnaud Klein
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | | | - Corine Gartioux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Marjory Fleury
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Laura Lyphout
- Fish Ecophysiology Group, Ifremer, L'Houmeau F-17137, France
| | - Edor Kabashi
- Sorbonne Universités Paris VI, UMR CNRS 1127 UPMC, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière-ICM, Paris, France and
| | - Sorana Ciura
- Sorbonne Universités Paris VI, UMR CNRS 1127 UPMC, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière-ICM, Paris, France and
| | - Xavier Cousin
- Fish Ecophysiology Group, Ifremer, L'Houmeau F-17137, France, INRA LPGP, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35042, France
| | - Valérie Allamand
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France,
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32
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Radev Z, Hermel JM, Elipot Y, Bretaud S, Arnould S, Duchateau P, Ruggiero F, Joly JS, Sohm F. A TALEN-Exon Skipping Design for a Bethlem Myopathy Model in Zebrafish. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26221953 PMCID: PMC4519248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Presently, human collagen VI-related diseases such as Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) and Bethlem myopathy (BM) remain incurable, emphasizing the need to unravel their etiology and improve their treatments. In UCMD, symptom onset occurs early, and both diseases aggravate with ageing. In zebrafish fry, morpholinos reproduced early UCMD and BM symptoms but did not allow to study the late phenotype. Here, we produced the first zebrafish line with the human mutation frequently found in collagen VI-related disorders such as UCMD and BM. We used a transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) to design the col6a1ama605003-line with a mutation within an essential splice donor site, in intron 14 of the col6a1 gene, which provoke an in-frame skipping of exon 14 in the processed mRNA. This mutation at a splice donor site is the first example of a template-independent modification of splicing induced in zebrafish using a targetable nuclease. This technique is readily expandable to other organisms and can be instrumental in other disease studies. Histological and ultrastructural analyzes of homozygous and heterozygous mutant fry and 3 months post-fertilization (mpf) fish revealed co-dominantly inherited abnormal myofibers with disorganized myofibrils, enlarged sarcoplasmic reticulum, altered mitochondria and misaligned sarcomeres. Locomotion analyzes showed hypoxia-response behavior in 9 mpf col6a1 mutant unseen in 3 mpf fish. These symptoms worsened with ageing as described in patients with collagen VI deficiency. Thus, the col6a1ama605003-line is the first adult zebrafish model of collagen VI-related diseases; it will be instrumental both for basic research and drug discovery assays focusing on this type of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlatko Radev
- UMS 1374, AMAGEN, INRA, Jouy en Josas, Domaine de Vilvert, France
- UMS 3504, AMAGEN, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Michel Hermel
- UMR 9197, INRA-CASBAH team, NEURO-Psi, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
- * E-mail: (FS); (JMH)
| | - Yannick Elipot
- UMR 9197, DECA team, NEURO-Psi, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Sandrine Bretaud
- UMR 5242, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Florence Ruggiero
- UMR 5242, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Frédéric Sohm
- UMS 1374, AMAGEN, INRA, Jouy en Josas, Domaine de Vilvert, France
- UMS 3504, AMAGEN, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- * E-mail: (FS); (JMH)
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Mammoto T, Mammoto A, Jiang A, Jiang E, Hashmi B, Ingber DE. Mesenchymal condensation-dependent accumulation of collagen VI stabilizes organ-specific cell fates during embryonic tooth formation. Dev Dyn 2015; 244:713-23. [PMID: 25715693 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical compression of cells during mesenchymal condensation triggers cells to undergo odontogenic differentiation during tooth organ formation in the embryo. However, the mechanism by which cell compaction is stabilized over time to ensure correct organ-specific cell fate switching remains unknown. RESULTS Here, we show that mesenchymal cell compaction induces accumulation of collagen VI in the extracellular matrix (ECM), which physically stabilizes compressed mesenchymal cell shapes and ensures efficient organ-specific cell fate switching during tooth organ development. Mechanical induction of collagen VI deposition is mediated by signaling through the actin-p38MAPK-SP1 pathway, and the ECM scaffold is stabilized by lysyl oxidase in the condensing mesenchyme. Moreover, perturbation of synthesis or cross-linking of collagen VI alters the size of the condensation in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the odontogenic differentiation process that is induced by cell compaction during mesenchymal condensation is stabilized and sustained through mechanically regulated production of collagen VI within the mesenchymal ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadanori Mammoto
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Akiko Mammoto
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda Jiang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elisabeth Jiang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Basma Hashmi
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald E Ingber
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) is a fibrocellular membrane that proliferates on the inner surface of the retina at the macular area. Membrane contraction is an important sight-threatening event and is due to fibrotic remodeling. METHODS Analysis of the current literature regarding the epidemiology, clinical features, and pathogenesis of iERM and fibrotic tissue contraction. RESULTS Epidemiologic studies report a relationship between iERM prevalence, increasing age, and posterior vitreous detachment. Clinically, iERM progresses through different stages characterized by an increased thickness and wrinkling of the membrane. Pathophysiologically, iERM formation is a fibrotic process in which myofibroblast formation and the deposition of newly formed collagens play key roles. Anomalous posterior vitreous detachment may be a key event initiating the formation of iERM. The age-related accumulation of advanced glycation end products may contribute to anomalous posterior vitreous detachment formation and may also influence the mechanical properties of the iERM. CONCLUSION Remodeling of the extracellular matrix at the vitreoretinal interface by aging and fibrotic changes, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of iERM. A better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying this process may eventually lead to the development of effective and nonsurgical approaches to treat and prevent vitreoretinal fibrotic diseases.
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35
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A potential role for endogenous proteins as sacrificial sunscreens and antioxidants in human tissues. Redox Biol 2015; 5:101-113. [PMID: 25911998 PMCID: PMC4412910 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure of the skin is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Although both exogenous sunscreens and endogenous tissue components (including melanins and tryptophan-derived compounds) reduce UVR penetration, the role of endogenous proteins in absorbing environmental UV wavelengths is poorly defined. Having previously demonstrated that proteins which are rich in UVR-absorbing amino acid residues are readily degraded by broadband UVB-radiation (containing UVA, UVB and UVC wavelengths) here we hypothesised that UV chromophore (Cys, Trp and Tyr) content can predict the susceptibility of structural proteins in skin and the eye to damage by physiologically relevant doses (up to 15.4 J/cm2) of solar UVR (95% UVA, 5% UVB). We show that: i) purified suspensions of UV-chromophore-rich fibronectin dimers, fibrillin microfibrils and β- and γ-lens crystallins undergo solar simulated radiation (SSR)-induced aggregation and/or decomposition and ii) exposure to identical doses of SSR has minimal effect on the size or ultrastructure of UV chromophore-poor tropoelastin, collagen I, collagen VI microfibrils and α-crystallin. If UV chromophore content is a factor in determining protein stability in vivo, we would expect that the tissue distribution of Cys, Trp and Tyr-rich proteins would correlate with regional UVR exposure. From bioinformatic analysis of 244 key structural proteins we identified several biochemically distinct, yet UV chromophore-rich, protein families. The majority of these putative UV-absorbing proteins (including the late cornified envelope proteins, keratin associated proteins, elastic fibre-associated components and β- and γ-crystallins) are localised and/or particularly abundant in tissues that are exposed to the highest doses of environmental UVR, specifically the stratum corneum, hair, papillary dermis and lens. We therefore propose that UV chromophore-rich proteins are localised in regions of high UVR exposure as a consequence of an evolutionary pressure to express sacrificial protein sunscreens which reduce UVR penetration and hence mitigate tissue damage. Major structural proteins such as collagen I and tropoelastin are UVA-resistant. In contrast, proteins which are rich in Cys, Trp and Tyr residues are UV-susceptible. These proteins are concentrated in UV exposed tissues. UV-chromophore (Cys, Trp, Tyr)-rich proteins may act as endogenous sunscreens.
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36
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Watson REB, Gibbs NK, Griffiths CEM, Sherratt MJ. Damage to skin extracellular matrix induced by UV exposure. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1063-77. [PMID: 24124905 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Chronic exposure to environmental ultraviolet radiation (UVR) plays a key role in both photocarcinogenesis and induction of accelerated skin aging. Although the spatiotemporal consequences of UVR exposure for the composition and architecture of the dermal extracellular matrix (ECM) are well characterized, the pathogenesis of photoaging remains poorly defined. Given the compelling evidence for the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as mediators of photoaging, UVR-exposed human skin may be an accessible model system in which to characterize the role of oxidative damage in both internal and external tissues. RECENT ADVANCES Although the cell-mediated degradation of dermal components via UVR-induced expression of ECM proteases has long been identified as an integral part of the photoaging pathway, the relative importance and identity of cellular and extracellular photosensitizers (direct hit and bystanders models, respectively) in initiating this enzymatic activity is unclear. Recently, both age-related protein glycation and relative amino-acid composition have been identified as potential risk factors for photo-ionization and/or photo-sensitization. Here, we propose a selective multi-hit model of photoaging. CRITICAL ISSUES Bioinformatic analyses can be employed to identify candidate UVR targets/photosensitizers, but the action of UVR on protein structure and/or ROS production should be verified experimentally. Crucially, in the case of biochemically active ECM components such as fibronectin and fibrillin, the downstream effects of photo-degradation on tissue homeostasis remain to be confirmed. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Both topical antioxidants and inhibitors of detrimental cell signaling may be effective in abrogating the effects of specific UVR-mediated protein degradation in the dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E B Watson
- 1 The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester , Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
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37
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Voiles L, Lewis DE, Han L, Lupov IP, Lin TL, Robertson MJ, Petrache I, Chang HC. Overexpression of type VI collagen in neoplastic lung tissues. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1897-904. [PMID: 25176343 PMCID: PMC4203334 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Type VI collagen (COL6), an extracellular matrix protein, is important in maintaining the integrity of lung tissue. An increase in COL6 mRNA and protein deposition was found in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis, a chronic inflammatory condition with a strong association with lung cancer. In the present study, we demonstrated overexpression of COL6 in the lungs of non-small cell lung cancers. We hypothesized that excessive COL6 in the lung interstitium may exert stimulatory effects on the adjacent cells. In vitro stimulation of monocytes with COL6 resulted in the production of IL-23, which may promote tumor development in an environment of IL-23-mediated lung inflammation, where tissue modeling occurs concurrently with excessive COL6 production. In addition, COL6 was capable of stimulating signaling pathways that activate focal adhesion kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in lung epithelial cells, which may also facilitate the development of lung neoplasms. Taken together, our data suggest the potential role of COL6 in promoting lung neoplasia in diseased lungs where COL6 is overexpressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry Voiles
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis School of Science, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David E Lewis
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis School of Science, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ling Han
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis School of Science, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ivan P Lupov
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis School of Science, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tsang-Long Lin
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Michael J Robertson
- The Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Lymphoma Program and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Irina Petrache
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, Occupational and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine and the ̔Richard L. Roudebush' VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hua-Chen Chang
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis School of Science, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Allele-specific Gene Silencing of Mutant mRNA Restores Cellular Function in Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Fibroblasts. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2014; 3:e171. [PMID: 24959844 PMCID: PMC4078762 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2014.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) is an inherited muscle disorder characterized clinically by muscle weakness, distal joint hyperlaxity, and proximal joint contractures. Sporadic and recessive mutations in the three collagen VI genes, COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3, are reported to be causative. In the sporadic forms, a heterozygous point mutation causing glycine substitution in the triple helical domain has been identified in higher rate. In this study, we examined the efficacy of siRNAs, which target point mutation site, on specific knockdown toward transcripts from mutant allele and evaluated consequent cellular phenotype of UCMD fibroblasts. We evaluated the effect of siRNAs targeted to silence-specific COL6A1 alleles in UCMD fibroblasts, where simultaneous expression of both wild-type and mutant collagen VI resulted in defective collagen localization. Addition of mutant-specific siRNAs allowed normal extracellular localization of collagen VI surrounding fibroblasts, suggesting selective inhibition of mutant collagen VI. Targeting the single-nucleotide COL6A1 c.850G>A (p.G284R) mutation responsible a sporadic autosomal dominant form of UCMD can potently and selectively block expression of mutant collagen VI. These results suggest that allele-specific knockdown of the mutant mRNA can potentially be considered as a therapeutic procedure in UCMD due to COL6A1 point mutations.
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Butterfield RJ, Foley AR, Dastgir J, Asman S, Dunn DM, Zou Y, Hu Y, Donkervoort S, Flanigan KM, Swoboda KJ, Winder TL, Weiss RB, Bönnemann CG. Position of glycine substitutions in the triple helix of COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 is correlated with severity and mode of inheritance in collagen VI myopathies. Hum Mutat 2014; 34:1558-67. [PMID: 24038877 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Glycine substitutions in the conserved Gly-X-Y motif in the triple helical (TH) domain of collagen VI are the most commonly identified mutations in the collagen VI myopathies including Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, Bethlem myopathy, and intermediate (INT) phenotypes. We describe clinical and genetic characteristics of 97 individuals with glycine substitutions in the TH domain of COL6A1, COL6A2, or COL6A3 and add a review of 97 published cases, for a total of 194 cases. Clinical findings include severe, INT, and mild phenotypes even from patients with identical mutations. INT phenotypes were most common, accounting for almost half of patients, emphasizing the importance of INT phenotypes to the overall phenotypic spectrum. Glycine substitutions in the TH domain are heavily clustered in a short segment N-terminal to the 17th Gly-X-Y triplet, where they are acting as dominants. The most severe cases are clustered in an even smaller region including Gly-X-Y triplets 10-15, accounting for only 5% of the TH domain. Our findings suggest that clustering of glycine substitutions in the N-terminal region of collagen VI is not based on features of the primary sequence. We hypothesize that this region may represent a functional domain within the triple helix.
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Eble JA, de Rezende FF. Redox-relevant aspects of the extracellular matrix and its cellular contacts via integrins. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1977-93. [PMID: 24040997 PMCID: PMC3993061 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The extracellular matrix (ECM) fulfills essential functions in multicellular organisms. It provides the mechanical scaffold and environmental cues to cells. Upon cell attachment, the ECM signals into the cells. In this process, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are physiologically used as signalizing molecules. RECENT ADVANCES ECM attachment influences the ROS-production of cells. In turn, ROS affect the production, assembly and turnover of the ECM during wound healing and matrix remodeling. Pathological changes of ROS levels lead to excess ECM production and increased tissue contraction in fibrotic disorders and desmoplastic tumors. Integrins are cell adhesion molecules which mediate cell adhesion and force transmission between cells and the ECM. They have been identified as a target of redox-regulation by ROS. Cysteine-based redox-modifications, together with structural data, highlighted particular regions within integrin heterodimers that may be subject to redox-dependent conformational changes along with an alteration of integrin binding activity. CRITICAL ISSUES In a molecular model, a long-range disulfide-bridge within the integrin β-subunit and disulfide bridges within the genu and calf-2 domains of the integrin α-subunit may control the transition between the bent/inactive and upright/active conformation of the integrin ectodomain. These thiol-based intramolecular cross-linkages occur in the stalk domain of both integrin subunits, whereas the ligand-binding integrin headpiece is apparently unaffected by redox-regulation. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Redox-regulation of the integrin activation state may explain the effect of ROS in physiological processes. A deeper understanding of the underlying mechanism may open new prospects for the treatment of fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes A. Eble
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Center for Molecular Medicine, Vascular Matrix Biology, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Flávia Figueiredo de Rezende
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Center for Molecular Medicine, Vascular Matrix Biology, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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A structure of a collagen VI VWA domain displays N and C termini at opposite sides of the protein. Structure 2013; 22:199-208. [PMID: 24332716 PMCID: PMC3919171 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2013.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor A (VWA) domains are versatile protein interaction domains with N and C termini in close proximity placing spatial constraints on overall protein structure. The 1.2 Å crystal structures of a collagen VI VWA domain and a disease-causing point mutant show C-terminal extensions that place the N and C termini at opposite ends. This allows a “beads-on-a-string” arrangement of multiple VWA domains as observed for ten N-terminal domains of the collagen VI α3 chain. The extension is linked to the core domain by a salt bridge and two hydrophobic patches. Comparison of the wild-type and a muscular dystrophy-associated mutant structure identifies a potential perturbation of a protein interaction interface and indeed, the secretion of mutant collagen VI tetramers is affected. Homology modeling is used to locate a number of disease-associated mutations and analyze their structural impact, which will allow mechanistic analysis of collagen-VI-associated muscular dystrophy phenotypes. The structure of a VWA domain (N5) of collagen VI at 1.2 Å is presented N and C termini of the domain are at opposite ends The structure with a myopathy-causing mutation shows altered interaction interface The impact of mutations in collagen VI VWA domains was analyzed
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Mecham RP. Overview of extracellular matrix. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN CELL BIOLOGY 2012; Chapter 10:10.1.1-10.1.16. [PMID: 23208544 DOI: 10.1002/0471143030.cb1001s57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix provides an environment for cells. It is produced, assembled, and modified by cells and in turn, it modifies the functions and behavior of the cells it encounters. The molecules that make up the matrix are diverse in both structure and function. This well-illustrated unit provides an introduction to the structure and function of the major components of the extracellular matrix and serves as a background for the other units in the chapter, which include protocols for isolation and analysis of individual components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Mecham
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Park J, Scherer PE. Adipocyte-derived endotrophin promotes malignant tumor progression. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:4243-56. [PMID: 23041627 DOI: 10.1172/jci63930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes represent a major cell type in the mammary tumor microenvironment and are important for tumor growth. Collagen VI (COL6) is highly expressed in adipose tissue, upregulated in the obese state, and enriched in breast cancer lesions and is a stimulator of mammary tumor growth. Here, we have described a cleavage product of the COL6α3 chain, endotrophin (ETP), which serves as the major mediator of the COL6-mediated tumor effects. ETP augmented fibrosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation through recruitment of macrophages and endothelial cells. Moreover, ETP expression was associated with aggressive mammary tumor growth and high metastatic growth. These effects were partially mediated through enhanced TGF-β signaling, which contributes to tissue fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. Our results highlight the crucial role of ETP as an obesity-associated factor that promotes tumor growth in the context of adipocyte interactions with tumor and stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Park
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549, USA
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Singh B, Fleury C, Jalalvand F, Riesbeck K. Human pathogens utilize host extracellular matrix proteins laminin and collagen for adhesion and invasion of the host. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2012; 36:1122-80. [PMID: 22537156 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2012.00340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminin (Ln) and collagen are multifunctional glycoproteins that play an important role in cellular morphogenesis, cell signalling, tissue repair and cell migration. These proteins are ubiquitously present in tissues as a part of the basement membrane (BM), constitute a protective layer around blood capillaries and are included in the extracellular matrix (ECM). As a component of BMs, both Lns and collagen(s), thus function as major mechanical containment molecules that protect tissues from pathogens. Invasive pathogens breach the basal lamina and degrade ECM proteins of interstitial spaces and connective tissues using various ECM-degrading proteases or surface-bound plasminogen and matrix metalloproteinases recruited from the host. Most pathogens associated with the respiratory, gastrointestinal, or urogenital tracts, as well as with the central nervous system or the skin, have the capacity to bind and degrade Lns and collagen(s) in order to adhere to and invade host tissues. In this review, we focus on the adaptability of various pathogens to utilize these ECM proteins as enhancers for adhesion to host tissues or as a targets for degradation in order to breach the cellular barriers. The major pathogens discussed are Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Yersinia, Treponema, Mycobacterium, Clostridium, Listeria, Porphyromonas and Haemophilus; Candida, Aspergillus, Pneumocystis, Cryptococcus and Coccidioides; Acanthamoeba, Trypanosoma and Trichomonas; retrovirus and papilloma virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birendra Singh
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Boudko SP, Engel J, Bächinger HP. The crucial role of trimerization domains in collagen folding. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:21-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Balasubramanian P, Prabhakaran MP, Sireesha M, Ramakrishna S. Collagen in Human Tissues: Structure, Function, and Biomedical Implications from a Tissue Engineering Perspective. POLYMER COMPOSITES – POLYOLEFIN FRACTIONATION – POLYMERIC PEPTIDOMIMETICS – COLLAGENS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2012_176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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ColVI myopathies: where do we stand, where do we go? Skelet Muscle 2011; 1:30. [PMID: 21943391 PMCID: PMC3189202 DOI: 10.1186/2044-5040-1-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI myopathies, caused by mutations in the genes encoding collagen type VI (ColVI), represent a clinical continuum with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) and Bethlem myopathy (BM) at each end of the spectrum, and less well-defined intermediate phenotypes in between. ColVI myopathies also share common features with other disorders associated with prominent muscle contractures, making differential diagnosis difficult. This group of disorders, under-recognized for a long time, has aroused much interest over the past decade, with important advances made in understanding its molecular pathogenesis. Indeed, numerous mutations have now been reported in the COL6A1, COL6A2 and COL6A3 genes, a large proportion of which are de novo and exert dominant-negative effects. Genotype-phenotype correlations have also started to emerge, which reflect the various pathogenic mechanisms at play in these disorders: dominant de novo exon splicing that enables the synthesis and secretion of mutant tetramers and homozygous nonsense mutations that lead to premature termination of translation and complete loss of function are associated with early-onset, severe phenotypes. In this review, we present the current state of diagnosis and research in the field of ColVI myopathies. The past decade has provided significant advances, with the identification of altered cellular functions in animal models of ColVI myopathies and in patient samples. In particular, mitochondrial dysfunction and a defect in the autophagic clearance system of skeletal muscle have recently been reported, thereby opening potential therapeutic avenues.
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Beecher N, Roseman AM, Jowitt TA, Berry R, Troilo H, Kammerer RA, Shuttleworth CA, Kielty CM, Baldock C. Collagen VI, conformation of A-domain arrays and microfibril architecture. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:40266-75. [PMID: 21908605 PMCID: PMC3220584 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.265595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix protein that assembles into beaded microfibrils that form networks linking cells to the matrix. Collagen VI microfibrils are typically formed from a heterotrimer of the α1, α2, and α3 chains. The α3 chain is distinct as it contains an extended N terminus with up to 10 consecutive von Willebrand factor type A-domains (VWA). Here, we use solution small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and single particle analysis EM to determine the nanostructure of nine of these contiguous A-domains. Both techniques reveal a tight C-shape conformation for the A-domains. Furthermore, using biophysical approaches, we demonstrate that the N-terminal region undergoes a conformational change and a proportion forms dimers in the presence of Zn2+. This is the first indication that divalent cations interact with collagen VI A-domains. A three-dimensional reconstruction of tissue-purified collagen VI microfibrils was generated using EM and single particle image analysis. The reconstruction showed the intricate architecture of the collagen VI globular regions, in particular the highly structurally conserved C-terminal region and variations in the appearance of the N-terminal region. The N-terminal domains project out from the globular beaded region like angled radial spokes. These could potentially provide interactive surfaces for other cell matrix molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Beecher
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
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Abstract
The collagen VI-related myopathy known as Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy is an early-onset disease that combines substantial muscle weakness with striking joint laxity and progressive contractures. Patients might learn to walk in early childhood; however, this ability is subsequently lost, concomitant with the development of frequent nocturnal respiratory failure. Patients with intermediate phenotypes of collagen VI-related myopathy display a lesser degree of weakness and a longer period of ambulation than do individuals with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, and the spectrum of disease finally encompasses mild Bethlem myopathy, in which ambulation persists into adulthood. Dominant and recessive autosomal mutations in the three major collagen VI genes-COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3-can underlie this entire clinical spectrum, and result in deficient or dysfunctional microfibrillar collagen VI in the extracellular matrix of muscle and other connective tissues, such as skin and tendons. The potential effects on muscle include progressive dystrophic changes, fibrosis and evidence for increased apoptosis, which potentially open avenues for pharmacological intervention. Optimized respiratory management, including noninvasive nocturnal ventilation together with careful orthopedic management, are the current mainstays of treatment and have already led to a considerable improvement in life expectancy for children with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy.
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Krieg T, Aumailley M. The extracellular matrix of the dermis: flexible structures with dynamic functions. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:689-95. [PMID: 21615511 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01313.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The current understanding of the role of extracellular matrix proteins is mainly based on their structural properties and their assembly into complex networks. The multiplicity of interactions between cells, cytokines and growth factors within the networks determines functional units dictating the biophysical properties of tissues. This review focuses on the understanding how alterations in the genes, modifying enzymes or biological functions of extracellular matrix molecules, lead to inborn or acquired skin disorders. Analysis of the disease mechanisms provides the basis for the emerging concept that not solely structural defects of single extracellular matrix proteins are at fault, but rather that the functional unit as a whole is not working properly, causing similar clinical symptoms although the causative genes are entirely different. The understanding of these disease-causing pathways has already led to surprising new therapeutic developments applied to rare inborn disorders. They now permit to design new concepts for the treatment of more common diseases associated with the accumulation of connective tissue and alterations of the biomechanical properties of the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Krieg
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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