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Al Zubaydi S, Onuigbo IO, Truesdell BL, Sevov CS. Cobalt-Catalyzed Electroreductive Alkylation of Unactivated Alkyl Chlorides with Conjugated Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313830. [PMID: 37963333 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of unactivated alkyl chlorides under mild and sustainable conditions are rare compared to those of alkyl bromides or iodides. As a result, synthetic methods capable of modifying the vast chemical space of chloroalkane reagents, wastes, and materials are limited. We report the cobalt-catalyzed reductive addition of unactivated alkyl chlorides to conjugated alkenes. Co-catalyzed activation of alkyl chlorides is performed under electroreductive conditions, and the resulting reactions constitute formal alkyl-alkyl bond formation. In addition to developing an operationally simple methodology, detailed mechanistic studies provide insights into the elementary steps of a proposed catalytic cycle. In particular, we propose a switch in the mechanism of C-Cl bond activation from nucleophilic substitution to halogen atom abstraction, which is critical for efficiently generating alkyl radicals. These mechanistic insights were leveraged in designing ligands that enable couplings of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl chlorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Al Zubaydi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Immaculata O Onuigbo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Blaise L Truesdell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Christo S Sevov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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2
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Zhao H, Leonori D. Minimization of Back-Electron Transfer Enables the Elusive sp 3 C-H Functionalization of Secondary Anilines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7669-7674. [PMID: 33459469 PMCID: PMC8048505 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Anilines are some of the most used class of substrates for application in photoinduced electron transfer. N,N-Dialkyl-derivatives enable radical generation α to the N-atom by oxidation followed by deprotonation. This approach is however elusive to monosubstituted anilines owing to fast back-electron transfer (BET). Here we demonstrate that BET can be minimised by using photoredox catalysis in the presence of an exogenous alkylamine. This approach synergistically aids aniline SET oxidation and then accelerates the following deprotonation. In this way, the generation of α-anilinoalkyl radicals is now possible and these species can be used in a general sense to achieve divergent sp3 C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaibo Zhao
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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Zhao H, Leonori D. Minimization of Back‐Electron Transfer Enables the Elusive sp
3
C−H Functionalization of Secondary Anilines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaibo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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4
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Demarteau J, Debuigne A, Detrembleur C. Organocobalt Complexes as Sources of Carbon-Centered Radicals for Organic and Polymer Chemistries. Chem Rev 2019; 119:6906-6955. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Demarteau
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, Building B6A, Agora Square, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, Building B6A, Agora Square, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, Building B6A, Agora Square, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Shepard SM, Diaconescu PL. Redox-Switchable Hydroelementation of a Cobalt Complex Supported by a Ferrocene-Based Ligand. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott M. Shepard
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles
E Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paula L. Diaconescu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles
E Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Gupta B, Kumar K. Organo-bridged dicobaloximes: Synthesis, structure and nuclear magnetic resonance study. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Poli R. Radical Coordination Chemistry and Its Relevance to Metal‐Mediated Radical Polymerization. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201001364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Poli
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC), CNRS, Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT, 205, route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France, Fax: +33‐5‐61553003
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Altink R, van Arkel B, van der Baan JL, Balt S, De Bolster MWG, van Delft RJ, Klumpp GW, De Koning H, van den Winkel Y. A new model for coenzyme B12 based on a Costa-type ligand. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19941130604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pavlovski VI, Poznyak AL. Cyclometallierende Photodecarboxylierung von Übergangsmetallkomplexen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/zfch.19890290103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Pawlowski VI, Poznjak AL. Photolyse von Cobalt(III)-Gemischtligand-Komplexen mit Diethylentriaminmonoacetat, Triethylentetramin und Phenanthrolin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/zfch.19850251224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Debuigne A, Poli R, Jérôme C, Jérôme R, Detrembleur C. Overview of cobalt-mediated radical polymerization: Roots, state of the art and future prospects. Prog Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Copper(I/II) and cobalt(II) coordination chemistry of relevance to controlled radical polymerization processes. Polyhedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2008.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Maria S, Kaneyoshi H, Matyjaszewski K, Poli R. Effect of electron donors on the radical polymerization of vinyl acetate mediated by [Co(acac)2]: degenerative transfer versus reversible homolytic cleavage of an organocobalt(III) complex. Chemistry 2007; 13:2480-92. [PMID: 17278168 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The molecular structure of bis(acetylacetonate)cobalt(II) ([Co(acac)2]) in solution and in the presence of the electron donors (ED) pyridine (py), NEt3, and vinyl acetate (VOAc) was investigated using 1H NMR spectroscopy in C6D6. The extent of formation of ligand adducts, [Co(acac)2(ED)x], varies in the order py>NEt3>VOAc (no interaction). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on a model system agree with Co--ED bond strengths decreasing in the same order. The effect of electron donors on the [Co(acac)2]-mediated radical polymerization of VOAc was examined at 30 degrees C by the addition of excess py or NEt3 to the complex in the molar ratio [VOAc]0/[Co]0/[V-70]0/[py or NEt3]0=500:1:1:30 (V-70=2,2'-azobis(4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile)). As previously reported by R. Jerome et al., the polymerization showed long induction periods in the absence of ED. However, a controlled polymerization without an induction period took place in the presence of ED, though the level of control was poorer. The effective polymerization rate decreased in the order py>NEt3. A similar behavior was found when these electron donors were added to an ongoing [Co(acac)2]-mediated radical polymerization of VOAc. On the basis of the NMR and DFT studies, it is proposed that the polymerization is controlled by the reversible homolytic cleavage of an organocobalt(III) dormant species in the presence of ED. Conversely, the faster polymerization after the induction period in the absence of ED is due to a degenerative transfer process with the radicals produced by the continuous decomposition of the excess initiator. Complementary experiments provide additional results in agreement with this interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Maria
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, UPR CNRS 8241 liée par convention à l'Université Paul Sabatier et à l'Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France
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16
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Espenson JH. Homolytic and Free Radical Pathways in the Reactions of Organochromium Complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470166314.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Wangila GW, Jordan RB. Kinetic studies of the reduction of hexaaquacobalt(III) perchlorate by a cobaloxime, [Co(dmgBF2)2(H2O)2]. Inorganica Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2005.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Gupta BD, Vijaikanth V, Singh V. Synthesis, Characterization, and Variable-Temperature 1H NMR Behavior of Organo-Bridged Dicobaloximes. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om034273p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. D. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208 016, India
| | - V. Vijaikanth
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208 016, India
| | - Veena Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208 016, India
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20
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Pickin KA, Kindy JM, Day CS, Welker ME. Simple preparation of cobaloxime dienyl complexes and their exo selective Diels–Alder cycloadducts. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Lantero DR, Welker ME. Reactions of cobaloxime η1-allyl complexes with electron deficient alkenes. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(02)01596-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Espenson JH, Fritz HL, Heckman RA, Nicolini C. Reactions of bis(organo)(chelate)cobalt complexes with electrophiles. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50158a034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Gridnev AA, Ittel SD. Catalytic chain transfer in free-radical polymerizations. Chem Rev 2001; 101:3611-60. [PMID: 11740917 DOI: 10.1021/cr9901236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A A Gridnev
- DuPont Central Research and Development, Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0328, USA
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24
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Pickin KA, Welker ME. Reactions of Cobaloximes with Alkenyl Triflates and Halides as a New Method for the Preparation of Cobalt−sp2Carbon Bonds. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om000262+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Gupta B, Qanungo K, Yamuna R, Pandey A, Tewari U, Vijaikanth V, Singh V, Barclay T, Cordes W. Synthesis, characterization and cis–trans influence in cobaloximes with nioxime. J Organomet Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)00380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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27
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Stern C, Franceschi F, Solari E, Floriani C, Re N, Scopelliti R. The use of macrocyclic and polydentate ligands in ruthenium organometallic chemistry. J Organomet Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(99)00356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Lohr GJ, Welker ME. Reactions of cobaloximes with vinyl allenes as a route to 1-cobaloxime substituted 1,3-dienyl complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(99)00297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Gawley RE. A proposal for (slight) modification of the hughes-ingold mechanistic descriptors for substitution reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Brown TM, Cooksey CJ, Dronsfield AT, Fowler JH. Pyridines from allyl cobaloximes: a new decomposition pathway. Inorganica Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(99)00047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Watanabe JY, Setsune JI. Reaction of cobalt porphyrins with aldehydes in the presence of t-butyl hydroperoxide. J Organomet Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(98)00921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Fryzuk MD, Leznoff DB, Thompson RC, Rettig SJ. One-Electron Transformations of Paramagnetic Cobalt Complexes. Synthesis and Structure of Cobalt(II) Amidodiphosphine Halide and Alkyl Complexes and Their Reaction with Alkyl Halides. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9721632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Fryzuk
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Daniel B. Leznoff
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Robert C. Thompson
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Steven J. Rettig
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
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33
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Electrochemical activation of the alkylation of GeI2 byn-butyl bromide and methylcobalt(iii) bisdimethylglyoximate. Russ Chem Bull 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02495249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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34
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Brown* TM, Dronsfield AT, Wilkinson AS. Thermochemical studies of benzyl cobaloximes: a decomposition pathway different from that reported for the alkyl analogues. Inorganica Chim Acta 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(97)05502-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Watanabe JY, Setsune JI. Facile Alkylation of Cobalt(III) Porphyrins by Organosilicon Compounds. Organometallics 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/om970174y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ya Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657, Japan
| | - Jun-ichiro Setsune
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657, Japan
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Gallo E, Solari E, Re N, Floriani C, Chiesi-Villa A, Rizzoli C. Carbon−Carbon Bonds Functioning as Electron Shuttles: The Generation of Electron-Rich Manganese(II)−Schiff Base Complexes and Their Redox Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9640962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Gallo
- Contribution from the Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Euro Solari
- Contribution from the Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Re
- Contribution from the Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Floriani
- Contribution from the Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Angiola Chiesi-Villa
- Contribution from the Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Corrado Rizzoli
- Contribution from the Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
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Gallo E, Solari E, Floriani C, Chiesi-Villa A, Rizzoli C. Use of Manganese(II)-Schiff Base Complexes for Carrying Polar Organometallics and Inorganic Ion Pairs. Inorg Chem 1997; 36:2178-2186. [PMID: 11669841 DOI: 10.1021/ic9614069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This report concerns the carrier properties of [Mn(acacen)]-derived compounds toward polar organometallics, inorganic ion pairs, and salts. Such properties are the consequence of Mn(II) behaving as a Lewis acid and the O&arcraise;O bite of the bidentate Schiff base ligand toward alkali cations. The starting compounds, which occur in a dimeric form, [Mn(acac-L-en)](2) [L' = CH(2)CH(2) (1); L" = C(6)H(10) (2); L"' = R,R-C(6)H(10) (3)] have been synthesized either via a metathesis reaction from MnCl(2) or using [Mn(3)Mes(6)]. The reaction of 1-3 with lithium organometallics allowed the isolation of [Mn(acac-L-en)(R)Li(DME)] [R = Me, L = L' (4); R = Ph, L = L' (5); R = Mes, L = L' (6); R = Me, L = L" (7); R = Me, L = L"' (8)] as metalated forms, where the alkyl or aryl group is sigma-bonded to Mn(II), while the lithium cation is anchored to the Schiff base ligand. The metalated forms 4-8 react with PhCHO to give the corresponding lithium alkoxide, which remains bound in its ion-pair form to the [Mn(acacen)] skeleton in [Mn(2)(acac-L'-en)(2)Li(2)(OCH(Ph)Me)(2)](n)() (9). The use of 8, which has a chiral bridge across two nitrogen atoms, did not lead to a significant asymmetric induction in the reaction with PhCHO, because of the long separation between the lithium cation and the stereogenic center. The metalated form 4 was able to transfer the methyl group to the nitrile function to give the corresponding lithium-imide which then remains bonded to [Mn(acacen)] as the ion pair in a dimeric structure, as revealed for [Mn(2)(acac-L'-en)(2)Li(2)(DME){N=C(Ph)Me}(2)](n)() (10). Their reaction with 1 appears to depend on the steric bulkiness of the alkyl group in NaOR, resulting in either monomeric adducts, i.e. in [Mn(acac-L'-en)(2,6-Bu(t)(2)C(6)H(3)O)Na(DME)(2)] (11.2DME), or polymeric structures, like in [Mn(acac-L'-en)Na(DME)(&mgr;-OEt)](n)() (13). All the dimeric units reported in this paper show a slight antiferromagnetic coupling between the two Mn(II) assisted by bridging alkoxo groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Gallo
- Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
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38
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Gupta B, Dixit V. Synthesis of organocobaloximes: Modification of the organic group in organocobaloximes. J Organomet Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(96)06837-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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39
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Organocobaloximes in organic synthesis an unusual radical-dependent five-member cyclization. J Organomet Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(96)06801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Adams TA, Welker ME, Liable-Sands LM, Rheingold AL. Synthesis of Cobaloxime-Substituted α,β-Unsaturated Acyl Complexes via Reactions of Cobaloxime Anions and/or Hydrides with Ynones, Ynoates, and α,β-Unsaturated Acyl Electrophiles. Organometallics 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/om961003g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Preparation and exo-selective [4+2] cycloaddition reactions of cobaloxime-substituted 1,3-dienes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1052-2077(97)80007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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De Angelis S, Solari E, Gallo E, Floriani C, Chiesi-Villa A, Rizzoli C. Formation of Carbon−Carbon-Bonded Dimers in the Reduction of [CoIIsalophen] [salophen = N,N‘-o-Phenylenebis(salicylideneaminato)]: Their Reactivity with Electrophiles To Form Co−C Bonds. Inorg Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ic951661d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania De Angelis
- Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Euro Solari
- Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Emma Gallo
- Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Floriani
- Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Angiola Chiesi-Villa
- Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Corrado Rizzoli
- Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
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Stokes HL, Welker ME. Reactions of Cobaloxime Anions and/or Hydrides with Enynes as a New, General Route to 1,3- and 1,2-Dienylcobaloxime Complexes. Organometallics 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/om960058f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather L. Stokes
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, P.O. Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109
| | - Mark E. Welker
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, P.O. Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109
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Kinetics, mechanism and thermodynamics of iron carbon bond dissociation in organoiron porphyrin complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chiral semicorrin and bis-oxazoline ligands in asymmetric catalysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s1874-5156(06)80006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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46
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Electrochemically induced formation of organomercury compounds. Russ Chem Bull 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00695832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Roy S, Das I, Bhanuprakash K, Gupta B. SH2′ reaction in organocobaloximes: synthesis and 1,3-rearrangement of exo-methylene alicyclic allyl sulfones. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)80856-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Giese B, Kesselheim C, Hartung J, Lindner HJ, Svoboda I. Preparation and Properties of Alkylbis(dimethylglyoximato)rhodium(III) Complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19931260520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hartung J, Hertel B, Trach F. What is Different in Photochemical Reactions of Primary and Secondary Alkylcobaloximes with and without Radical Traps? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19931260519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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50
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A detailed infrared and far-infrared spectral investigation of the alkyl- and (non-alkyl)cobalt(III) complexes of 3,8-dimethyl-5,6-benzo-4,7-diazadeca-3,7-diene-2,9-dione dioxime and a study of ground state trans-effect in tetragonally distorted octahedral cobalt(III) complexes by far-infrared and electronic absorption spectroscopy. Inorganica Chim Acta 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)88120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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