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Anderson DE, Tortajada A, Hevia E. New Frontiers in Organosodium Chemistry as Sustainable Alternatives to Organolithium Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313556. [PMID: 37801443 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
With their highly reactive respective C-Na and N-Na bonds, organosodium and sodium amide reagents could be viewed as obvious replacements or even superior reagents to the popular, widely utilised organolithiums. However, they have seen very limited applications in synthesis due mainly to poor solubility in common solvents and their limited stability. That notwithstanding in recent years there has been a surge of interest in bringing these sustainable metal reagents into the forefront of organometallics in synthesis. Showcasing the growth in utilisation of organosodium complexes within several areas of synthetic chemistry, this Minireview discusses promising new methods that have been recently reported with the goal of taming these powerful reagents. Special emphasis is placed on coordination and aggregation effects in these reagents which can impart profound changes in their solubility and reactivity. Differences in observed reactivity between more nucleophilic aryl and alkyl sodium reagents and the less nucleophilic but highly basic sodium amides are discussed along with current mechanistic understanding of their reactivities. Overall, this review aims to inspire growth in this exciting field of research to allow for the integration of organosodium complexes within common important synthetic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Anderson
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreu Tortajada
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eva Hevia
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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2
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Al Zubaydi S, Onuigbo IO, Truesdell BL, Sevov CS. Cobalt-Catalyzed Electroreductive Alkylation of Unactivated Alkyl Chlorides with Conjugated Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313830. [PMID: 37963333 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of unactivated alkyl chlorides under mild and sustainable conditions are rare compared to those of alkyl bromides or iodides. As a result, synthetic methods capable of modifying the vast chemical space of chloroalkane reagents, wastes, and materials are limited. We report the cobalt-catalyzed reductive addition of unactivated alkyl chlorides to conjugated alkenes. Co-catalyzed activation of alkyl chlorides is performed under electroreductive conditions, and the resulting reactions constitute formal alkyl-alkyl bond formation. In addition to developing an operationally simple methodology, detailed mechanistic studies provide insights into the elementary steps of a proposed catalytic cycle. In particular, we propose a switch in the mechanism of C-Cl bond activation from nucleophilic substitution to halogen atom abstraction, which is critical for efficiently generating alkyl radicals. These mechanistic insights were leveraged in designing ligands that enable couplings of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl chlorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Al Zubaydi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Immaculata O Onuigbo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Blaise L Truesdell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Christo S Sevov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Duffin RN, Andrews PC. Enhanced antibacterial activity of dimethyl gallium quinolinolates toward drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in low iron environments. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 249:112371. [PMID: 37738699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of dimethylgallium quinolinolate [GaMe2L] (L = 5-chloroquinolinolate, 5, 7-dichloroquinolinolate, 5, 7-dibromoquinolinolate or 5, 7-doiodoquinolinolate) complexes, shown previously to be active toward the Leishmania parasite, have been studied for their antibacterial activity toward a reference and drug resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP). The assays were conducted in standard iron-rich LB media and in the iron depleted RPMI and RPMI-HS media to better understand the effect of Fe concentration on the activity of the Ga complexes. In LB broth the parent quinolinols and the gallium complexes were inactive up to the highest concentration tested, 100 μM. In the more physiologically relevant 'iron-poor' RPMI-HS media the quinolonols remained inactive, however, the gallium complexes showed exceptional activity in the range 48-195 nM. Only in RPMI without any added HS did both the quinolinols and the gallium complexes show good activity. The significant differences in activity across the various media types suggest that the unnaturally high iron content of conventional LB media may provide false negative results for potentially potent Ga therapeutics. A protein binding assay on the organometallic gallium complexes showed a much slower uptake of Ga by Fe-binding proteins than is typically observed for gallium salts. This indicates that their greater lipophilicity and greater hydrolytic stability could account for their increased biological activity in RPMI-HS media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah N Duffin
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Philip C Andrews
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Saleh LY, Ora M, Lönnberg T. Organomercury oligonucleotide conjugates as artificial ribonucleases. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 247:112331. [PMID: 37480764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Two oligonucleotide conjugates sharing the same sequence but incorporating a different 5'-terminal organometallic moiety were synthesized, by either direct mercuration in solution or oximation with an organomercury aldehyde on solid support. The potential of these conjugates to serve as new type of artificial ribonucleases was tested with a complementary 2´-O-methyl-RNA target sequence featuring a single cleavable RNA phosphodiester linkage. Both organomercury oligonucleotides greatly outperformed their metal-free counterparts as well as the previously reported small molecule organomercury RNA cleaving agent in catalytic activity, providing an important proof-of-concept. Compared to state-of-the-art metal-dependent artificial ribonucleases, however, the observed activity was modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lange Yakubu Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Ora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomas Lönnberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500 Turku, Finland.
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Bridgewater HE, Bolitho EM, Romero-Canelón I, Sadler PJ, Coverdale JPC. Targeting cancer lactate metabolism with synergistic combinations of synthetic catalysts and monocarboxylate transporter inhibitors. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:345-353. [PMID: 36884092 PMCID: PMC10036267 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-01994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic anticancer catalysts offer potential for low-dose therapy and the targeting of biochemical pathways in novel ways. Chiral organo-osmium complexes, for example, can catalyse the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of pyruvate, a key substrate for energy generation, in cells. However, small-molecule synthetic catalysts are readily poisoned and there is a need to optimise their activity before this occurs, or to avoid this occurring. We show that the activity of the synthetic organometallic redox catalyst [Os(p-cymene)(TsDPEN)] (1), which can reduce pyruvate to un-natural D-lactate in MCF7 breast cancer cells using formate as a hydride source, is significantly increased in combination with the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) inhibitor AZD3965. AZD3965, a drug currently in clinical trials, also significantly lowers the intracellular level of glutathione and increases mitochondrial metabolism. These synergistic mechanisms of reductive stress induced by 1, blockade of lactate efflux, and oxidative stress induced by AZD3965 provide a strategy for low-dose combination therapy with novel mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Bridgewater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Centre of Exercise, Sport and Life Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Elizabeth M Bolitho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Isolda Romero-Canelón
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - James P C Coverdale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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Chang TC, Tanaka K. In vivo organic synthesis by metal catalysts. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 46:116353. [PMID: 34419820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The metal-catalyzed reactions have given various chemical modifications that could not be achieved through basic organic chemistry reactions. In the past decade, many metal-mediated catalytic systems have carried out different transformations in cellulo, such as decaging of fluorophores, drug release, and protein conjugation. However, translating abiotic metal catalysts for organic synthesis in vivo, including bacteria, zebrafish, or mice, could encounter numerous challenges regarding their biocompatibility, stability, and reactivity in the complicated biological environment. In this review, we categorize and summarize the relevant advances in this research field by emphasizing the system's framework, the design of each transformation, and the mode of action. These studies disclose the massive potential of the emerging field and the significant applications in synthetic biology.
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Duffin RN, Blair VL, Kedzierski L, Andrews PC. Development of new combination anti-leishmanial complexes: Triphenyl Sb(V) mono-hydroxy mono-quinolinolates. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 219:111385. [PMID: 33894637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In seeking to develop single entity combination anti-Leishmanial complexes six heteropletic organometallic Sb(V) hydroxido quinolinolate complexes of general formula [SbPh3(C9H4NORR')(OH)] have been synthesised and characterised, derived from a series of halide substituted quinolinols (8-hydroxyquinolines). Single crystal X-ray diffraction on all the complexes show a common distorted six-coordinate octahedral environment at the Sb(V) centre, with the aryl groups and nitrogen atom of quinolinolate ligand bonding in the equatorial planes, with the two oxygen atoms (hydroxyl and quinolinolate) occupying the axial plane in an almost linear configuration. Each complex was tested for their anti-promastigote activity and mammalian cytotoxicity and a selectivity indices established. The complexes displayed excellent anti-promastigote activity (IC50: 2.03-3.39 μM) and varied mammalian cytotoxicity (IC50: 12.7-46.9 μM), leading to a selectivity index range of 4.52-16.7. All complexes displayed excellent anti-amastigote activity with a percentage infection range of 2.25%-9.00%. All complexes performed substantially better than the parent quinolinols and comparable carboxylate complexes [SbPh3(O2CRR')2] indicating the synergistic role of the Sb(V) and quinolinol moieties in increasing parasite mortality. Two of the complexes [SbPh3(C9H4NOBr2)(OH)] 4, [SbPh3(C9H4NOI2)(OH)] 5, provide an ideal combination of high selective and good activity towards the leishmanial amastigotes and offer the potential as good lead compounds.
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Wele A, De S, Dalvi M, Devi N, Pandit V. Nanoparticles of biotite mica as KrishnaVajraAbhraka Bhasma: synthesis and characterization. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2021; 12:269-282. [PMID: 33402266 PMCID: PMC8185977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bio-inorganic nanoparticles or metal nanoparticles are used in medicine for diagnostic and treatment purposes. The nanomedicines from traditional Ayurvedic system are termed as bhasma. Rasashastra, the branch of inorganic medicines of Ayurveda, has documented monographs of metal-mineral bhasmas as potent drugs. However there is lack of scientific analytical data of the end products. Objectives Present study was aimed at finding out the morphological, structural, elemental and chemical composition of the Krishna vajra abhraka bhasma (KVB). Materials and methods Bhasma of KVB (Biotite Mica) was prepared in our laboratory using biotite mica sheets befitting selection criteria and carrying out further processes with strict SOPs as per AFI. Results The bhasma complied with the confirmatory tests from Rasashastra. The physical and physicochemical tests correlate with the results obtained by instrumental analytical methods. SEM revealed square shaped nanoparticles of mean size of 92.3 nm. EDAX showed presence of Si, Mg, O, Fe, Ca, Na, C, K and Al. XRD revealed the crystalline nature of bhasma with mixture of various individual oxides and spinel shape of the crystal. DLS showed that the nanoparticles are unimodal in nature. FTIR and NMR showed the organic functional groups obtained from cow milk and selected herbs, indicating unique bio-inorganic nature of the KVB. Conclusion The therapeutic potential imparted to the formulation could be due to the cow milk and specific herbs utilized during the manufacturing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Wele
- BVDU College of Ayurved, Pune-Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India.
| | - Sourav De
- University of Debrecen, Department of Physical Chemistry, Debrecen, H-4002, Hungary
| | - Madhuri Dalvi
- BVDU College of Ayurved, Pune-Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Nandini Devi
- National Chemical Laboratory, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Vijaya Pandit
- BVDU Medical College, Pune-Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
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Sanz Del Olmo N, Maroto-Diaz M, Quintana S, Gómez R, Holota M, Ionov M, Bryszewska M, Carmena MJ, Ortega P, Javier de la Mata F. Heterofunctional ruthenium(II) carbosilane dendrons, a new class of dendritic molecules to fight against prostate cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112695. [PMID: 32882608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A family of heterofunctional Schiff base carbosilane metallodendrons with [Ru(η5-C5H5)(PTA)Cl] (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphatricyclo-[3.3.1.1]decane) at the focal point and dimethylamino groups on the periphery are described. The new systems have proved their ability to interact with biological molecules such as Human Serum Albumin (HSA) without affecting its secondary structure and erythrocytes membranes, causing haemolysis in a dose and generation dependent way. The combination of two active functional groups in one single dendritic platform has shown a cooperative effect in the viability of HeLa and PC-3 cells, with the second generation derivative standing out as the most promising with the lowest IC50. Experiments focused on advanced prostate cancer have shown an antimetastasic activity for those metallodendrons, hindering the adhesion of cells in one of the main targets of metastasis, bones, and inhibiting cell migration. Finally, the second generation metallodendron with one single metal centre and four dimethylamino groups on the dendritic wedge, was selected for an ex vivo experiment in nude mice with advanced prostate cancer inhibiting the tumour growth in a 40% compared to control mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sanz Del Olmo
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain, Institute "Ramón y Cajal" for Health Research (IRYCIS), Spain
| | - Marta Maroto-Diaz
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Quintana
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain, Institute "Ramón y Cajal" for Health Research (IRYCIS), Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain, Institute "Ramón y Cajal" for Health Research (IRYCIS), Spain
| | - Marcin Holota
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - M José Carmena
- Department of Biology of Systems, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Ortega
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain, Institute "Ramón y Cajal" for Health Research (IRYCIS), Spain.
| | - F Javier de la Mata
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain, Institute "Ramón y Cajal" for Health Research (IRYCIS), Spain.
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M AJQ, K C B, S MD, P AU. Spectroscopic investigation of supramolecular organometallic compound L-threonine cadmium acetate monohydrate. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 228:117802. [PMID: 31780311 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Single crystal of L-Threonine cadmium acetate monohydrate, a supramolecular compounds crystallized by evaporation technique. The coordination network exhibit interesting structural property and have been investigated by Powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The functional group was identified using FTIR analysis. Dielectric property in a metal organic frame network plays an important role in the use of solid state as bioelectrical materials for various tissue engineering applications due to its relative permittivity. The UVVis studies suggested that UV absorption ability might be used as a corrosion resistant semiconductor material for optical device fabrication system. The non linear optical efficiency predicts that the material possesses good absorption coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abila Jeba Queen M
- Research department of Physics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil 629004, India; Register No: 12514, Manonmanium Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, India.
| | - Bright K C
- Department of Physics, St. John's College, Anchal, Kollam 691306, Kerala, India
| | - Mary Delphine S
- Research department of Physics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil 629004, India
| | - Aji Udhaya P
- Research department of Physics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil 629004, India
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Duffin RN, Blair VL, Kedzierski L, Andrews PC. Anti-leishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of a series of tris-aryl Sb(V) mandelate cyclometallate complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 203:110932. [PMID: 31790875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A series of ten cyclometallates and two μ2-peroxo bridged tris-aryl Sb(V) complexes derived from R/S-mandelic acid (= R/S-ManH2) were synthesised and characterised. As confirmed by X-ray crystallography the complexes 1Sr/s, [Sb(o-tol)3(man)], 2Sr/s, [Sb(m-tol)3(man)], 4Sr/s, [Sb(o-PhOMe)3(man)], 5Sr/s, [Sb(Mes)3(man)] and 6Sr/s, [Sb(p-tert-BuPh)3(man)] are all cyclometallates. Complexes 3Sr/s, [(Sb(p-tol)3(manH)2O2], contain a bridging O22- anion in the solid-state but convert to the cyclometallates in DMSO solution with concomitant release of H2O2 and formation of complexes [Sb(p-tol)3(man)], 3Sr'/s'. All complexes underwent initial testing against both human fibroblasts and L. major V121 promastigotes. IC50 values were found to range from 2.07 (6Sr) to >100 (4Sr) μM and 0.21 (5Ss) to >100 (4Ss) μM for fibroblasts and parasites respectively. Two of the complexes were found to be ineffective, displaying no toxicity (4S/r). Despite the degree of mammalian toxicity, the selectivity of most complexes exceeded an SI of three and so were assessed for their anti-amastigote activity. Excellent anti-amastigote activity was observed for complexes at both 10 μM and 5 μM, with percentage infection value ranging from 0.15-3.00% for those tested at 10 μM and 0.25-2.50% for those at 5 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah N Duffin
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Victoria L Blair
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Lukasz Kedzierski
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip C Andrews
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Schival KA, Gipson RR, Prather KV, Tsui EY. Photoinduced Surface Charging in Iron-Carbonyl-Functionalized Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals. Nano Lett 2019; 19:7770-7774. [PMID: 31596596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Organometallic surface functionalization of colloidal CdSe and CdS nanocrystals using iron tetracarbonyl moieties is demonstrated to enable study of in situ colloidal nanocrystal surface redox chemistry. Spectroscopic measurements of the surface-bound metal carbonyl C-O stretches were used to elucidate the coordination environments and local symmetry of surface sites. The C-O stretching frequencies of these fragments were correlated to the electric field induced by nanocrystal surface charges and shift in energy upon surface reduction or oxidation. These measurements revealed that CdSe nanocrystals can accumulate multiple surface electrons under supra-band gap photoexcitation, a process likely relevant to photoactivated nanocrystal processes such as photobrightening. These surface charges are stable for hours and decay extremely slowly under anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Schival
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Robert R Gipson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Keaton V Prather
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Emily Y Tsui
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
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Farzaneh S, Zeinalzadeh E, Daraei B, Shahhosseini S, Zarghi A. New Ferrocene Compounds as Selective Cyclooxygenase (COX-2) Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and Enzyme-inhibitory Activity. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 18:295-301. [PMID: 28971779 DOI: 10.2174/1871520617666171003145533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the astonishing properties of ferrocene and its derivatives, it has a broad application in diverse areas. Numerous ferrocene derivatives demonstrated anti-proliferative activity. Also COX-2, as a key isoenzyme for production of prostaglandins, is frequently overexpressed in various cancers. It is now recognized that COX-2 over expression promotes tumorigenic functions which can be suppressed by COX-2 inhibitors, a phenomenon useful for the preventing of tumor progression. The combination of COX-2 inhibitors with other anti-cancer or cancer prevention drugs may reduce their side effects in future cancer prevention and treatment. OBJECTIVE Owing to high anticancer potential of ferrocene derivatives and considerable COX-2 inhibitory and cytotoxicity effects of our previously synthesized chalcones, we decided to incorporate the ferrocenyl moiety into appropriate COX-2 inhibitor chalcone based scaffold, to evaluate COX-2 inhibitory activity as well as anticancer activities. METHODS Chalcones were synthesized via clasien-schmidt condensation of methylsulfonyl aldehyde and acetyl ferrocene. Further different amines with solvent free and ultra sound condition were reacted with chalcones to have different 1-ferrocenyl-3-amino carbonyl compounds. Docking study was carried out with Auto Dock vina software. All the newly-synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitory activity using chemiluminescent enzyme assays as well as cytotoxicity activity against MCF-7 and T47D and fibroblast cell lines by MTT assay. RESULTS In vitro COX-1/COX-2 inhibition studies demonstrated that all compounds were selective inhibitors of the COX-2 isozyme with IC50 values in the highly potent 0.05-0.12 µM range, and COX-2 selectivity indexes (SI) in the 148.3-313.7 range. These results indicated that either potency or selectivity of COX-2 inhibitory activity was affected by the nature and size of the substituents on C-3 of propane-1-one. Also anti-proliferative and toxicity activities of synthesized compounds against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and T47D and fibroblast cell lines showed that the synthesized compounds had mild to moderate cytotoxicity against MCT7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines at 10 µM concentration. In vitro COX-1/COX-2 inhibition studies and anticancer activity against MCF-7, identified 1-ferrocenyl-3-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl) propen-1-one as a potent compound (IC50 COX-2 = 0.05 µM, MCF-7: % inhibition (at concentration of 10 µM) = 32.7%), and also 1-ferrocenyl-3- (propan-1-amine)-3-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl) propan-1-one showed the most selectivity on COX-2 inhibition (selectivity index= 313.7). CONCLUSION A novel group of ferrocene compounds, possessing a methyl sulfonyl COX-2 pharmacophore were synthesized to investigate the effect of different substituents on selectivity and potency of COX-2 inhibitory activity and their cytotoxicity effects. This study indicates that 1-ferrocenyl-3-amino carbonyl compounds having ferrocene motif and methyl sulfonyl COX-2 pharmacophore is a suitable scaffold to design COX-2 inhibitors and anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Farzaneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Zeinalzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Daraei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Shahhosseini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cody RB, Fouquet T. Elemental Composition Determinations Using the Abundant Isotope. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2019; 30:1321-1324. [PMID: 31062289 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Elemental compositions are commonly determined from the exact m/z of the monoisotopic peak, which is often the lightest isotope. However, the lightest isotope peak is often weak or absent and the monoisotopic peak can be difficult to identify for organometallics, polyhalogenated compounds, or large molecules. An alternative approach using the abundant isotope for elemental composition determinations is presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Cody
- JEOL USA, Inc., 11 Dearborn Rd., Peabody, MA, 01960, USA.
| | - Thierry Fouquet
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan
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15
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Gadhachanda VR, Eastman KJ, Wang Q, Phadke AS, Patel D, Yang W, Marlor CW, Deshpande M, Huang M, Wiles JA. Ferrocene-based inhibitors of hepatitis C virus replication that target NS5A with low picomolar in vitro antiviral activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3463-3471. [PMID: 30290989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented series of organometallic HCV (hepatitis C virus) NS5A (nonstructural 5A protein) replication complex inhibitors that incorporates a 1,1'-ferrocenediyl scaffold was explored. This scaffold introduces the elements of linear flexibility and non-planar topology that are unconventional for this class of inhibitors. Data from 2-D NMR spectroscopic analyses of these complexes in solution support an anti (unstacked) arrangement of the pharmacophoric groups. Several complexes demonstrate single-digit picomolar in vitro activity in an HCV genotype-1b replicon system. One complex to arise from this investigation (10a) exhibits exceptional picomolar activity against HCV genotype 1a and 1b replicons, low hepatocellular cytotoxicity, and good pharmacokinetic properties in rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkat R Gadhachanda
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Kyle J Eastman
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Qiuping Wang
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Avinash S Phadke
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Dharaben Patel
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Wengang Yang
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Christopher W Marlor
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Milind Deshpande
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Mingjun Huang
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Jason A Wiles
- Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States.
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Beckford FA, Niece MB, Lassiter BP, Beebe SJ, Holder AA. Polynuclear ruthenium organometallic complexes containing a 1,3,5-triazine ligand: synthesis, DNA interaction, and biological activity. J Biol Inorg Chem 2018; 23:1205-1217. [PMID: 30039184 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-018-1599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It is now well established that ruthenium complexes are attractive alternatives to platinum-based anticancer agents. Most of the ruthenium compounds currently under investigation contain a single metal center. The synthesis of multinuclear analogues may provide access to novel complexes with enhanced biological activity. In this work, we have synthesized a set of three trinuclear complexes containing organometallic ruthenium fragments-(arene)RuCl-coordinated to a 2,4,6-tris(di-2-pyridylamino)-1,3,5-triazine core [(Arene = benzene (2), p-cymene (1), or hexamethylbenzene (3)]. The interaction of the complexes with DNA was extensively studied using a variety of biophysical probes as well as by molecular docking. The complexes bind strongly to DNA with apparent binding constants ranging from 2.20 to 4.79 × 104 M-1. The binding constants from electronic absorption titrations were an order of magnitude greater. The mode of binding to the nucleic acid was not definitively determined, but the evidence pointed to some kind of non-specific electrostatic interaction. None of the complexes displayed any significant antimicrobial activity against the organisms that were studied and exhibited anticancer activity only at high (> 100 μM) concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floyd A Beckford
- Department of Natural Sciences, The University of Virginia's College at Wise, 1 College Avenue, Wise, VA, 24293, USA.
| | - Madison B Niece
- Department of Natural Sciences, The University of Virginia's College at Wise, 1 College Avenue, Wise, VA, 24293, USA
| | - Brittany P Lassiter
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 300, Norfolk, VA, 23508, USA
| | - Stephen J Beebe
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 300, Norfolk, VA, 23508, USA
| | - Alvin A Holder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA, 23529-0126, USA
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Jurgens S, Kuhn FE, Casini A. Cyclometalated Complexes of Platinum and Gold with Biological Properties: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. Curr Med Chem 2018; 25:437-461. [PMID: 28554319 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170529125229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inherent problems accompanying chemotherapy necessitate the development of new anticancer approaches. The development of compounds that can disrupt cancerous cellular machinery by novel mechanisms, via interactions with proteins and non-canonical DNA structures (e.g. G-quadruplexes), as well as by alteration of the intracellular redox balance, is nowadays focus of intense research. In this context, organometallic compounds of the noble metals Pt and Au have become prominent experimental therapeutic agents. This review provides an overview of the Pt(II) and Au(III) cyclometalated compounds with a chelating ring containing a strong C-M σ -bond to improve the stability of the compounds with respect to ligand exchange reactions and biological reduction. Furthermore, these properties can be easily tuned by modification of either the anionic cyclometalated or the ancillary ligands. Special focus has been set to C^N, C^N^C, C^N^N and C^N^S platinum(II) and gold(III) pincer complexes regarding their synthesis and biological mechanisms of action as anticancer agents. METHODS A structured search of both chemical and medicinal databases for peerreviewed research literature has been conducted. The quality of retrieved papers was appraised using standard tools. The synthesis as well as the chemical and biological properties of the described compounds were carefully reviewed and described. The findings were outlined using a conceptual framework. RESULTS In this review we included 155 papers, the majority originating from high-impact papers on the synthesis and biological modes of platinum(II) and gold(III) compounds. Among them, 17 papers were highlighted to give an introduction to the use of Pt and Au compounds with medicinal properties, mainly focussing on coordination compounds. The synthesis and medicinal properties of organometallic compounds of various metals (such as Fe, Ru, Ti) were outlined in 51 papers. These compounds included metallocenes, metallo- arenes, metallo-carbonyls, metallo-carbenes (e.g. N-heterocyclic carbenes), and alkynyl complexes. The C^N, C^N^C, C^N^N and C^N^S pincer complexes of platinum( II) (46 papers) and gold(III) (44 papers) were discussed concerning their synthesis, stability and advantages to develop therapeutic compounds. We strove to show the consistent development of C^N, C^N^C, C^N^N and C^N^S platinum(II) and gold(III) pincer complexes regarding their synthesis and biological modes from the early beginnings to the most recent findings. CONCLUSION This review supplies a profound overview of the development of organometallic compounds for medicinal purposes, setting special focus to the synthesis and stability of C^N, C^N^C, C^N^N and C^N^S pincer complexes of platinum(II) and gold(III) and their use as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Jurgens
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.,Molecular Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universitat Munchen, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching bei Munchen, Germany
| | - Fritz E Kuhn
- Molecular Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universitat Munchen, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching bei Munchen, Germany
| | - Angela Casini
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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Moeinian M, Akhbari K, Boonmak J, Youngme S. Three-dimensional organometallic thallium(I) supramolecular polymer nanostructures synthesized with sonochemical process. Ultrason Sonochem 2018; 41:11-16. [PMID: 29137733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new three-dimensional thallium(I) supramolecular polymer, [Tl2(μ2-ATA)]n (1), [H2ATA=2-aminoterephthalic acid], has been synthesized and characterized. The single-crystal X-ray data of compound 1 shows one type of TlI ion with a low coordination number. Compound 1 was self-assembled from Tl⋯C, Tl⋯O and Tl⋯N secondary interactions in thallium(I) coordination and the active lone pair on TlI in this compound may be involved in donor bonding. Two sides of the aromatic ring of ATA2- anion have been involved in two types of secondary Tl⋯C approaches. Three samples of 1 were synthesized with three different concentrations of initial reagents under ultrasonic irradiation. The thermal stability of compound 1 samples were studied by thermo gravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA). These nano-structures were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Moeinian
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kamran Akhbari
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Jaursup Boonmak
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sujittra Youngme
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Zhang J, Xu L, Ho CL, Wong WY. Functional Organometallic Poly(arylene ethynylene)s: From Synthesis to Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:77. [PMID: 28819798 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the recent development in the rigid-rod metallopolymers of late transition metals based on triple-bond building blocks. The synthesis, structure-property relationships and potential applications of organometallic poly(arylene ethynylene)s will be discussed in detail. These functional metal-based polymers can exhibit intriguing optical, electronic and magnetic properties. Considerable focus is placed on the design strategies towards tuning the optical bandgap and emission color (spanning almost the whole visible spectrum) of this class of metallopolymers, and the investigation of their use as active materials for light/electrical energy conversion and energy and information storage. The ongoing scientific challenges and future prospects of this research field are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linli Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cheuk-Lam Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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Roşca DA, Fernandez-Cestau J, Morris J, Wright JA, Bochmann M. Gold(III)-CO and gold(III)-CO2 complexes and their role in the water-gas shift reaction. Sci Adv 2015; 1:e1500761. [PMID: 26601313 PMCID: PMC4646827 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The water-gas shift (WGS) reaction is an important process for the generation of hydrogen. Heterogeneous gold catalysts exhibit good WGS activity, but the nature of the active site, the oxidation state, and competing reaction mechanisms are very much matters of debate. Homogeneous gold WGS systems that could shed light on the mechanism are conspicuous by their absence: gold(I)-CO is inactive and gold(III)-CO complexes were unknown. We report the synthesis of the first example of an isolable CO complex of Au(III). Its reactivity demonstrates fundamental differences between the CO adducts of the neighboring d (8) ions Pt(II) and Au(III): whereas Pt(II)-CO is stable to moisture, Au(III)-CO compounds are extremely susceptible to nucleophilic attack and show WGS reactivity at low temperature. The key to understanding these dramatic differences is the donation/back-donation ratio of the M-CO bond: gold-CO shows substantially less back-bonding than Pt-CO, irrespective of closely similar ν(CO) frequencies. Key WGS intermediates include the gold-CO2 complex [(C^N^C)Au]2(μ-CO2), which reductively eliminates CO2. The species identified here are in accord with Au(III) as active species and a carboxylate WGS mechanism.
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Lin Z, Zhu C, Xia H. HRMS studies on the fragmentation pathways of metallapentalyne. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 136 Pt B:906-910. [PMID: 25459615 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.09.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) using collision-induced dissociation (CID) method was applied to investigate the characteristic fragment ions of metalla-aromatic complexes for the first time. The fragmentation process of osmapentalyne, which contained metal-carbon triple bond in a five-membered ring, was discussed in detail. The ESI FT-ICR MS CID experimental results at high resolution mass spectra (HRMS) demonstrated the elemental composition of fragment ions unambiguously, thus a reasonable fragmentation pathway of osmapentalyne was proposed. In addition, the characteristic fragment ions have been investigated, which were specific and useful for the identification of some osmapentalynes complexes. These characteristic fragmentation pathways were helpful to analyze and interpret the stability and property of the parent ion. Also, this method could be used for the characterization of other organometallic complexes, especially containing characteristic isotopic peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Congqing Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Haiping Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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Morais TS, Santos FC, Corte-Real L, Garcia MH. Exploring the effect of the ligand design on the interactions between [Ru(η(5)-C5H5)(PPh3)(N,O)][CF3SO3] complexes and human serum albumin. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 129:94-101. [PMID: 24096130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes hold a great potential in chemotherapy as an alternative to the classical platinum based drugs. The organometallic compounds studied in the present work were previously found to exhibit important anticancer activities. Here we have investigated the binding of three ruthenium compounds, namely [Ru(η(5)-C5H5)(PPh3)(bopy)][CF3SO3] 1, [Ru(η(5)-C5H5)(PPh3)(2-ap)][CF3SO3] 2, and [Ru(η(5)-C5H5)(PPh3)(isoquinpk)][CF3SO3] 3 (bopy=2-benzoylpyridine; 2-ap=2-acetylpyridine; isoquinpk=1-isoquinolinyl phenyl ketone) to fatty acid human serum albumin (HSA) and fatty acid-free human serum albumin (HSA(faf)) at physiological pH7.4. The influence of the substituent groups on the heteroaromatic (N,O) coordinated ligand was also studied by fluorescence spectroscopy to get information about this binding. The Stern-Volmer quenching constants (KSV) were calculated at 293, 298 and 310K, with the corresponding thermodynamic parameters ∆G, ∆H and ∆S as well. The fluorescence quenching method was used to determine the number of binding sites (n) and association constants (Ka) at the same temperatures. The binding site to HSA was confirmed by competitive studies of the ruthenium compounds with warfarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia S Morais
- Centro de Ciências Moleculares e Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Gonçalves AC, Morais TS, Robalo MP, Marques F, Avecilla F, Matos CP, Santos I, Tomaz AI, Garcia MH. Important cytotoxicity of novel iron(II) cyclopentadienyl complexes with imidazole based ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 129:1-8. [PMID: 23994893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Four new compounds of general formula [FeCp(dppe)L][CF3SO3] with L=imidazole substituted ligands, and dppe=ethylenebis(diphenylphosphane) have been synthesized and characterized with the aim to evaluate their anticancer properties. The new compounds were fully characterized by spectroscopic and electrochemical methods and the structure of [Fe(η(5)-C5H5)(dppe)(1-BuIm)] [CF3SO3] (1), [Fe(η(5)-C5H5)(dppe) (ImH)][CF3SO3] (3) and [Fe(η(5)-C5H5)(dppe)(1HmIm)][CF3SO3] (4) (where 1-BuIm=1-butylimidazole, and 1HmIm=N-hydroxymethylimidazole) was determined by X-ray diffraction studies. Apparently, these compounds are the first reported 'Fe(η(5)-C5H5)' half sandwich derivatives presenting high cytotoxic activity against a set a human tumor cell lines predicting their potential value as antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Centro de Ciências Moleculares e Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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