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Ustabas Kahraman F, Çakir FB, Buhur Pirimoglu M, Torun E, Ergen HA, Doğan Demir A. Association of Myeloperoxidase Gene Polymorphism With Iron Deficiency Anemia in Turkish Children. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 43:e941-e945. [PMID: 33661166 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the gene polymorphisms of the myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme and to determine whether MPO gene polymorphisms influence the response to iron therapy in pediatric patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). In this case-control study, 50 Turkish children with IDA and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. Three MPO gene alleles were selected for genotyping in the study: GG, AG, and AA. The relationships of alleles with IDA were analyzed and compared in patients and controls. Pretreatment and posttreatment laboratory parameters and gene polymorphisms were compared in the patient group. There was a significant difference between patients with IDA and controls regarding genotype frequencies of the AA, GG, and AG alleles (P=0.005). However, the AG allele was found to be associated with variations in hemoglobin, red blood cell, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volumes, and mean corpuscular Hb concentrations levels. The frequency of AA, GG, and AG alleles of the MPO gene was potentially associated with changes in iron metabolism and the AG allele led to variations in various hemogram parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatma Betül Çakir
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine
| | | | | | - Hayriye Arzu Ergen
- Department of Moleculer Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul
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Probst S, Fels J, Scharner B, Wolff NA, Roussa E, van Swelm RPL, Lee WK, Thévenod F. Role of hepcidin in oxidative stress and cell death of cultured mouse renal collecting duct cells: protection against iron and sensitization to cadmium. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2719-2735. [PMID: 34181029 PMCID: PMC8298330 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The liver hormone hepcidin regulates systemic iron homeostasis. Hepcidin is also expressed by the kidney, but exclusively in distal nephron segments. Several studies suggest hepcidin protects against kidney damage involving Fe2+ overload. The nephrotoxic non-essential metal ion Cd2+ can displace Fe2+ from cellular biomolecules, causing oxidative stress and cell death. The role of hepcidin in Fe2+ and Cd2+ toxicity was assessed in mouse renal cortical [mCCD(cl.1)] and inner medullary [mIMCD3] collecting duct cell lines. Cells were exposed to equipotent Cd2+ (0.5-5 μmol/l) and/or Fe2+ (50-100 μmol/l) for 4-24 h. Hepcidin (Hamp1) was transiently silenced by RNAi or overexpressed by plasmid transfection. Hepcidin or catalase expression were evaluated by RT-PCR, qPCR, immunoblotting or immunofluorescence microscopy, and cell fate by MTT, apoptosis and necrosis assays. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using CellROX™ Green and catalase activity by fluorometry. Hepcidin upregulation protected against Fe2+-induced mIMCD3 cell death by increasing catalase activity and reducing ROS, but exacerbated Cd2+-induced catalase dysfunction, increasing ROS and cell death. Opposite effects were observed with Hamp1 siRNA. Similar to Hamp1 silencing, increased intracellular Fe2+ prevented Cd2+ damage, ROS formation and catalase disruption whereas chelation of intracellular Fe2+ with desferrioxamine augmented Cd2+ damage, corresponding to hepcidin upregulation. Comparable effects were observed in mCCD(cl.1) cells, indicating equivalent functions of renal hepcidin in different collecting duct segments. In conclusion, hepcidin likely binds Fe2+, but not Cd2+. Because Fe2+ and Cd2+ compete for functional binding sites in proteins, hepcidin affects their free metal ion pools and differentially impacts downstream processes and cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Probst
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), 58453, Witten, Germany
| | - Johannes Fels
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), 58453, Witten, Germany
| | - Bettina Scharner
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), 58453, Witten, Germany
| | - Natascha A Wolff
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), 58453, Witten, Germany
| | - Eleni Roussa
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 17, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rachel P L van Swelm
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wing-Kee Lee
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), 58453, Witten, Germany
- AG Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cells and Membranes, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Morgenbreede 1, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Frank Thévenod
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), 58453, Witten, Germany.
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Kim JH, Oh JK, Wee JH, Min CY, Yoo DM, Choi HG. The Association between Anemia and Parkinson's Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort. Brain Sci 2021; 11:623. [PMID: 34068124 PMCID: PMC8152756 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11050623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Controversy exists regarding the relationship between anemia and Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate the risk of PD related to anemia in the Korean population. (2) Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, which includes adults over 40 years of age, was assessed from 2002 to 2015. A total of 5844 PD patients were matched by age, sex, income, and region of residence with 23,376 control participants at a ratio of 1:4. The analyzed covariates included age, sex, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted for case-control analyses. (3) Results: The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the risk of PD associated with anemia was 1.09 after adjusting for potential confounders (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.18, p = 0.030). Among men younger than 70 years, the adjusted OR of PD was 1.34 (95% CI 1.13-1.60, p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that anemia may increase the risk of PD, particularly in men younger than 70 years. Further research is required to elucidate the causal relationship between these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (J.H.K.); (J.K.O.)
| | - Jae Keun Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (J.H.K.); (J.K.O.)
| | - Jee Hye Wee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Chan Yang Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (C.Y.M.); (D.M.Y.)
| | - Dae Myoung Yoo
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (C.Y.M.); (D.M.Y.)
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea
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Donor Iron Deficiency Study (DIDS): protocol of a study to test whether iron deficiency in blood donors affects red blood cell recovery after transfusion. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2020; 17:274-280. [PMID: 31385800 DOI: 10.2450/2019.0066-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite fulfilling all requirements for blood donation, a large proportion of regular blood donors are iron deficient. Red blood cells (RBC) from iron-deficient donors may be particularly susceptible to damage induced by standard refrigerated storage. Herein, we present a study protocol for testing whether correcting iron deficiency in donors with iron-deficient erythropoiesis will improve the quality of their refrigerator-stored RBC. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a randomised, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Sixty healthy regular donors who meet donation standards, while exhibiting iron-deficient erythropoiesis by laboratory testing criteria, will donate a single standard RBC unit that will be leucoreduced and stored in a refrigerator under standard conditions for 40-42 days. A 51Cr-radiolabelled 24-hour RBC recovery study will be performed and then these donors will be randomised to receive, in a double-blinded fashion, either intravenous saline, as a control, or low-molecular weight iron dextran (1 g), to provide total iron repletion. Four to six months later, they will donate a second RBC unit, which will be similarly stored, and autologous 51Cr-labelled 24-hour post-transfusion RBC recovery will again be determined. RESULTS The primary endpoint will be the change in 24-hour post-transfusion recovery from the first to the second donation. The primary outcome will be the group mean difference in the primary endpoints between the group receiving intravenous saline and the group receiving intravenous iron dextran. Secondary outcomes will be quality of life, fatigue, and emotional health, assessed by surveys. CONCLUSION This study will provide definitive evidence as to whether donor iron deficiency affects the quality of the blood supply and will assess the severity of symptoms affecting iron-deficient blood donors.
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Sharif Usman S, Dahiru M, Abdullahi B, Abdullahi SB, Maigari UM, Ibrahim Uba A. Status of malondialdehyde, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels/activities in schoolchildren with iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia of Kashere and its environs in Gombe State, Nigeria. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02214. [PMID: 31428716 PMCID: PMC6695283 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) or iron deficiency (ID) is by far the most common form of disorder affecting the cognitive development, physical growth and school performance of children in developing countries including Nigeria. Objectives In the present study, we aimed to examine whether IDA or ID, or both are associated with oxidative stress or otherwise by assessing the perturbations in oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Methods Here, a total of eighty-one IDA, ID, and healthy control subjects of twenty-seven replicates each, were recruited and investigated. Human serum MDA, CAT and SOD levels were quantitatively analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay. Results Mean serum MDA levels of IDA (5.10 ± 2.35 mmol/L) and ID (4.05 ± 1.35 mmol/L) groups were found to perturb significantly (p < 0.05), being higher than those of control (3.30 ± 0.95 mmol/L) subjects. Similarly, mean serum MDA levels of IDA (5.10 ± 2.35 mmol/L) group was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher when compared with ID (4.05 ± 1.35 mmol/L) subjects. Conversely, mean serum CAT and SOD activities of IDA (8.35 ± 2.21 ng/mL and 340.70 ± 153.65 ng/mL) group were found to differ significantly (p < 0.05), and those of ID (9.40 ± 1.47 ng/mL and 435.00 ± 144.75 ng/mL) subjects were found to perturb slightly (p > 0.05), being lower than those of control (10.40 ± 4.31 ng/mL and 482.12 ± 258.37 ng/mL) subjects. Conclusions Taken together, the results of the present study showed that lipid peroxidation was dramatically increased in both IDA and ID subjects in hydroperoxide-superoxide-dependent manner; in contrast, enzymatic antioxidant capacity was drastically decreased in both IDA and ID groups as evidenced by biochemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sani Sharif Usman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Kashere, P.M.B. 0182, Gombe, Nigeria
| | - Musa Dahiru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Kashere, P.M.B. 0182, Gombe, Nigeria
| | - Bashir Abdullahi
- Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lin P, Chang CC, Yuan KC, Yeh HJ, Fang SU, Cheng T, Teng KT, Chao KC, Tang JH, Kao WY, Lin PY, Liu JS, Chang JS. Red Blood Cell Aggregation-Associated Dietary Pattern Predicts Hyperlipidemia and Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1127. [PMID: 30127325 PMCID: PMC6115951 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and iron status are interrelated and strongly influenced by dietary factors, and their alterations pose a great risk of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Currently, RBC aggregation-related dietary patterns remain unclear. This study investigated the dietary patterns that were associated with RBC aggregation and their predictive effects on hyperlipidemia and MetS. Anthropometric and blood biochemical data and food frequency questionnaires were collected from 212 adults. Dietary patterns were derived using reduced rank regression from 32 food groups. Adjusted linear regression showed that hepcidin, soluble CD163, and serum transferrin saturation (%TS) independently predicted RBC aggregation (all p < 0.01). Age-, sex-, and log-transformed body mass index (BMI)-adjusted prevalence rate ratio (PRR) showed a significant positive correlation between RBC aggregation and hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05). RBC aggregation and iron-related dietary pattern scores (high consumption of noodles and deep-fried foods and low intake of steamed, boiled, and raw food, dairy products, orange, red, and purple vegetables, white and light-green vegetables, seafood, and rice) were also significantly associated with hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05) and MetS (p-trend = 0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, and log-transformed BMI. Our results may help dieticians develop dietary strategies for preventing dyslipidemia and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Ching Yuan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Jung Yeh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Uei Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Tiong Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Tse Teng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Ching Chao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Hsiang Tang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Yu Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Pao-Ying Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Shian Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Su Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Chinese Taipei Society for the Study of Obesity, CTSSO, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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Kendall A, Woolcock A, Brooks A, Moore GE. Glutathione Peroxidase Activity, Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Urinary F2- Isoprostanes as Markers of Oxidative Stress in Anemic Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:1700-1707. [PMID: 29031029 PMCID: PMC5697175 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of several diseases and has been documented as a contributor to disease in both the human and veterinary literature. One at‐risk cell is the erythrocyte, however, the role of oxidative stress in anemia in dogs has not been widely investigated. Hypothesis/Objective Anemic dogs will have an alteration in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), a decrease in of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and an increased concentration of urinary 15‐F2‐isoprostanes (F2‐IsoP) when compared to healthy dogs. Animals 40 client‐owned dogs with anemia (PCV <30%) age‐matched to 40 client‐owned healthy control dogs. Methods Prospective, cross‐sectional study. Whole blood GPx activity, plasma TAC, and urinary F2‐isoprostane concentrations were evaluated in each dog and compared between groups. Results Anemic dogs had significantly lower GPx activity (43.1 × 103 +/‐ 1.6 × 103 U/L) than did dogs in the control group (75.8 × 103 +/‐ 2.0 × 103 U/L; P < 0.0001). The GPx activity in dogs with hemolysis (103 +/‐ 0.8 × 103 U/L) was not significantly different (P = 0.57) than in dogs with nonhemolytic anemia (43.5 × 103 +/‐ 1.1 × 103 U/L). The TAC concentrations (P = 0.15) and urinary F2‐isoprostanes (P = 0.73) did not significantly differ between groups. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly decreased in anemic dogs indicating oxidative stress. Additional studies are warranted to determine if antioxidant supplementation would improve survival and overall outcome as part of a therapeutic regimen for anemic dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kendall
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - A Woolcock
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - A Brooks
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - G E Moore
- Department of Veterinary Administration, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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Iron-deficient erythropoiesis in blood donors and red blood cell recovery after transfusion: initial studies with a mouse model. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2017; 15:158-164. [PMID: 28263174 DOI: 10.2450/2017.0349-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most frequent red cell (RBC) donors and many first-time donors are iron deficient, but meet haemoglobin standards. However, the effects of donation-induced iron deficiency on RBC storage quality are unknown. Thus, we used a mouse model to determine if donor iron deficiency reduced post-transfusion RBC recovery. METHODS Weanling mice received a control diet or an iron-deficient diet. A third group receiving the iron-deficient diet was also phlebotomised weekly. This provided 3 groups of mice with different iron status: (1) iron replete, (2) mild iron deficiency with iron-deficient erythropoiesis, and (3) iron-deficiency anaemia. At ten weeks of age, blood was collected, leucoreduced, and stored at 4 ºC. After 12 days of storage, 24-hour (h) post-transfusion RBC recovery was quantified in recipients by flow cytometry. RESULTS Before blood collection, mean haemoglobin concentrations in the iron-replete, iron-deficient, and iron-deficiency anaemia donor mice were 16.5±0.4, 11.5±0.4, and 7.0±1.4 [g/dL± 1 standard deviation (SD)], respectively (p<0.01 for all comparisons between groups). The 24-h post-transfusion RBC recoveries in recipients receiving transfusions from these three cohorts were 77.1±13.2, 66.5±10.9, and 46.7±15.9 (% ±1 SD), respectively (p<0.05 for all comparisons between groups). DISCUSSION In summary, donor iron deficiency significantly reduced 24-h post-transfusion RBC recovery in recipient mice. RBCs from mice with mild iron deficiency and iron-deficient erythropoiesis, with haemoglobin levels similar to those used for human autologous blood donation, had intermediate post-transfusion RBC recovery, as compared to iron-replete donors and those with iron-deficiency anaemia. This suggests that, in addition to the effects of iron deficiency on donor health, frequent blood donation, leading to iron-deficient erythropoiesis, may also have adverse effects for transfusion recipients.
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Song S, Yang L, Ye M, Chen X, Shi F, Shaikh F. Antioxidant activity of a Lachnum YM226 melanin-iron complex and its influence on cytokine production in mice with iron deficiency anemia. Food Funct 2016; 7:1508-14. [PMID: 26887341 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01274k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the protective effects of an orally administered Lachnum YM226 melanin-iron complex (LM-Fe) against iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in mice. The IDA mouse model was established by feeding mice with iron-deficient food. Different doses of LM-Fe were given to the anaemic mice via intragastric administration, with FeCl3 and FeSO4 used as positive controls. After the iron supplement administration, it was observed that LM-Fe could significantly improve the decreased haemoglobin (Hb) level, and normalize the serum iron (SI) level, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and serum ferritin (SF) of the anaemic mice in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, treatment with LM-Fe significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in plasma to normal or better. Furthermore, the levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were obviously decreased in the LM-Fe supplemented groups compared with the model group, while the level of interleukin-2 (IL-2) was significantly increased. In conclusion, LM-Fe was efficient at ameliorating the anemia symptoms, improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes and adjusting the immune dysfunction of anaemic mice. Thus, these results demonstrated that LM-Fe might be exploited as an efficient and multifunctional iron supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Song
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Ming Ye
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Processing, Xuancheng Campus, Hefei University of Technology, Xuancheng 242000, China
| | - Fang Shi
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Farnaz Shaikh
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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Zaka-Ur-Rab Z, Adnan M, Ahmad SM, Islam N. Effect of Oral Iron on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Children with Iron Deficiency Anaemia. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:SC13-SC19. [PMID: 27891416 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/23601.8761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Conflicting reports are available on the relationship of Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) and iron therapy with oxidative stress. AIM To study the levels of markers of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant status in children with IDA and to assess the effect of iron therapy on the same. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective, single centre, hospital based study was a sub-study of a randomized controlled trial conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh in collaboration with the Department of Biochemistry (of the same institution) between October 2009 to February 2011. The sub-study was conducted in two parts: in the first part, levels of a biomarker of oxidative stress {Malondialdehyde (MDA)} and anti-oxidant enzymes {Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx)} were assessed and compared between 67 children with IDA and 31 non-anaemic controls; in the second part, the effect of oral iron (6mg/kg/day) for eight weeks on these markers was studied in a subset of 35 children with IDA. The Bivariate correlations procedure was used to compute pair wise associations for a set of variables. T-tests (Independent samples t-test/Paired sample t-test) and Non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney test/Wilcoxon signed-rank test) were applied as applicable for normally and non-normally distributed data, respectively. RESULTS Levels of anti-oxidant enzymes were significantly lower (p<0.001) in children with IDA as compared to controls, viz., SOD {median, 8.63 (IQR, 8.60-8.66) vs. 9.46 (IQR, 9.14-9.62) units/mg protein}, CAT {median, 8.49 (IQR, 8.46-8.50) vs. 9.10 (IQR, 9.04-9.14) μmol H2O2/min/mg protein} and GPx {median, 49.19 (IQR, 48.99-49.60) vs. 56.94(IQR, 56.80-57.14) mol NADPH oxidized /min/ mg protein}. Whereas, levels of MDA were significantly higher (p<0.001) in IDA group {median, 1.50 (IQR, 1.48-1.52) vs. 1.24 (IQR, 1.20-1.27) moles/ml of serum}. Levels of Haemoglobin (Hb) and markers of iron status (serum iron, transferrin saturation and ferritin) had a very strong, highly significant positive correlation (p<0.001) with levels of anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) but a very strong, highly significant negative correlation (p<0.001) with MDA. Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) on the other hand, had a strong, highly significant (p<0.001) negative correlation with SOD, CAT, and GPx but a strong, highly significant positive correlation (p<0.001) with MDA. After eight weeks of daily iron therapy, a highly significant rise (p<0.001) from baseline was observed in levels of SOD, CAT, and GPx in subjects with IDA. On the other hand, MDA levels declined significantly (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Lipid peroxidation is increased and anti-oxidant defenses lowered in IDA. These changes, however, may be mitigated effectively with oral iron therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeba Zaka-Ur-Rab
- Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, A.M.U. , Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Adnan
- Ex-Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, A.M.U. , Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Moiz Ahmad
- Ex-Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, A.M.U. , Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Najmul Islam
- Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, A.M.U. , Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhang H, Li Y, Wang T. Antioxidant capacity and concentration of redox-active trace mineral in fully weaned intra-uterine growth retardation piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015; 6:48. [PMID: 26587234 PMCID: PMC4652383 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-015-0047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The redox status of intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) piglets post-weaning has been poorly studied. Methods Newborns from twenty-four sows were weighted, weaned at 21 d and fed a starter diet until sampling. Sampling was done at 14 d post-weaning. A piglet was defined as IUGR when its birth weight was 2 SD below the mean birth weight of the total population. At weaning, eighteen piglets with nearly equal body weight from each category (i.e. IUGR or normal birth weight (NBW) piglets) were selected and then allocated to two treatments, consisted of six replicates with each pen having three piglets. Results Compared with NBW group, IUGR significantly decreased average daily gain (P < 0.001), average daily feed intake (P = 0.003), and feed efficiency (P < 0.001) of piglets during the first two weeks post-weaning. IUGR decreased the activities of total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.019), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD, P = 0.023), and ceruloplasmin (P = 0.044) but increased the levels of malondialdehyde (P = 0.040) and protein carbonyl (P = 0.010) in plasma. Similarly, the decreased activities of T-SOD (P = 0.005), copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD, P = 0.002), and catalase (P = 0.049) was observed in the liver of IUGR piglets than these of NBW piglets. IUGR decreased hepatic Cu/Zn-SOD activity (P = 0.023) per unit of Cu/Zn-SOD protein in piglets when compared with NBW piglets. In addition, IUGR piglets exhibited the decreases in accumulation of copper in both plasma (P = 0.001) and liver (P = 0.014), as well as the concentrations of iron (P = 0.002) and zinc (P = 0.048) in liver. Compared with NBW, IUGR down-regulated mRNA expression of Cu/Zn-SOD (P = 0.021) in the liver of piglets. Conclusions The results indicated that IUGR impaired antioxidant capacity and resulted in oxidative damage in fully weaned piglets, which might be associated with the decreased levels of redox-active trace minerals. This study highlights the importance of redox status in IUGR offspring and provides a rationale for alleviating oxidative damage by dietary interventions aiming to supplement trace minerals and to restore redox balance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Erythrocyte Catalase Activity in More Frequent Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia: Beta-Thalassemia Trait and Iron Deficiency Anemia. Adv Hematol 2015; 2015:343571. [PMID: 26527217 PMCID: PMC4615862 DOI: 10.1155/2015/343571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Most common microcytic hypochromic anemias are iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and β-thalassemia trait (BTT), in which oxidative stress (OxS) has an essential role. Catalase causes detoxification of H2O2 in cells, and it is an indispensable antioxidant enzyme. The study was designed to measure erythrocyte catalase activity (ECAT) in patients with IDA (10) or BTT (21), to relate it with thalassemia mutation type (β0 or β+) and to compare it with normal subjects (67). Ninety-eight individuals were analyzed since September 2013 to June 2014 in Tucumán, Argentina. Total blood count, hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH, HbA2, catalase, and iron status were performed. β-thalassemic mutations were determined by real-time PCR. Normal range for ECAT was 70,0–130,0 MU/L. ECAT was increased in 14% (3/21) of BTT subjects and decreased in 40% (4/10) of those with IDA. No significant difference (p = 0,245) was shown between normal and BTT groups, while between IDA and normal groups the difference was proved to be significant (p = 0,000). In β0 and β+ groups, no significant difference (p = 0,359) was observed. An altered ECAT was detected in IDA and BTT. These results will help to clarify how the catalase activity works in these anemia types.
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Prá D, Franke SIR, Henriques JAP, Fenech M. Iron and genome stability: an update. Mutat Res 2012; 733:92-9. [PMID: 22349350 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient which is required in a relatively narrow range for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and genome stability. Iron participates in oxygen transport and mitochondrial respiration as well as in antioxidant and nucleic acid metabolism. Iron deficiency impairs these biological pathways, leading to oxidative stress and possibly carcinogenesis. Iron overload has been linked to genome instability as well as to cancer risk increase, as seen in hereditary hemochromatosis. Iron is an extremely reactive transition metal that can interact with hydrogen peroxide to generate hydroxyl radicals that form the 8-hydroxy-guanine adduct, cause point mutations as well as DNA single and double strand breaks. Iron overload also induces DNA hypermethylation and can reduce telomere length. The current Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for iron, according with Institute of Medicine Dietary Reference Intake (DRI), is based in the concept of preventing anemia, and ranges from 7mg/day to 18mg/day depending on life stage and gender. Pregnant women need 27mg/day. The maximum safety level for iron intake, the Upper Level (UL), is 40-45mg/day, based on the prevention of gastrointestinal distress associated to high iron intakes. Preliminary evidence indicates that 20mg/day iron, an intake slightly higher than the RDA, may reduce the risk of gastrointestinal cancer in the elderly as well as increasing genome stability in lymphocytes of children and adolescents. Current dietary recommendations do not consider the concept of genome stability which is of concern because damage to the genome has been linked to the origin and progression of many diseases and is the most fundamental pathology. Given the importance of iron for homeostasis and its potential influence over genome stability and cancer it is recommended to conduct further studies that conclusively define these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Prá
- PPG em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil. daniel
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Iron intake, red cell indicators of iron status, and DNA damage in young subjects. Nutrition 2011; 27:293-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Revised: 01/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Yoo JH, Maeng HY, Sun YK, Kim YA, Park DW, Park TS, Lee ST, Choi JR. Oxidative status in iron-deficiency anemia. J Clin Lab Anal 2010; 23:319-23. [PMID: 19774625 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.20335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant molecules that can play an important role in the pathogenesis of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). The aim of this study was to investigate oxidative status in patients with IDA and alteration of oxidative status after iron treatment. Thirty-three female patients with IDA and 25 healthy controls were included in this study. Oxidant and total antioxidant capacity were determined using free oxygen radicals test and free oxygen radicals defence (Form CR 3000, Callegari, Parma, Italy). Catalase activity was measured by spectrophotometer using a commercially available kit (Bioxytech Catalase-520, OxisResearch, Portland, OR). Oxidant activity in patients with IDA was significantly higher than controls (P<0.05), while total antioxidant and catalase activity were significantly lower (P<0.05). After treatment, oxidant, antioxidant, and catalase activity reached the levels of the control group, and no significant differences were observed among groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, our data indicate that blood reactive oxygen species was lower and total antioxidant and catalase activity were higher after rather than before treatment in patients with IDA. The results of our study support the higher oxidative stress hypothesis in IDA; however, due to the limited number of cases included, more studies may be required to confirm the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Ha Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Kyonggi-do, Korea
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Richie JP, Kleinman W, Marina P, Abraham P, Wynder EL, Muscat JE. Blood iron, glutathione, and micronutrient levels and the risk of oral cancer. Nutr Cancer 2008; 60:474-82. [PMID: 18584481 DOI: 10.1080/01635580801956477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The risk of oral cavity cancer was determined in relation to serological levels of iron; vitamins A, B2, C, E; zinc; thiamin; and glutathione (GSH). The study included 65 hospitalized patients with oral cancer and 85 matched controls. In comparing the highest to the lowest tertiles, the risk was odds ratio (OR) = 0.3 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.1-0.6] for iron; 3.2 (95% CI = 1.3-8.1) for total iron binding capacity (TIBC), which measures the concentration of the iron delivery protein transferrin; and 0.4 (95% CI = 0.2-0.9) for transferrin saturation (iron/TIBC x 100). These associations were stronger in never smokers than in ever smokers. The risk associated with the iron storage protein ferritin was significantly elevated, but this association could reflect disease-related inflammation or comorbidity. The OR for GSH was 0.4 (95% CI = 0.1-0.9), and the OR for GSH reductase activity coefficient (indicative of riboflavin deficiency) was 1.6 (95% CI = 1.3-3.7). These findings suggest that mild iron deficiency and low GSH levels, which are associated with increased oxidative stress, increase the risk of oral cavity cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Richie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.
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Kuo WH, Yang SF, Hsieh YS, Tsai CS, Hwang WL, Chu SC. Differential expression of carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes in various types of anemia. Clin Chim Acta 2005; 351:79-86. [PMID: 15563874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2004.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2004] [Revised: 07/22/2004] [Accepted: 07/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoenzymes in erythrocytes of patients with aplastic, autoimmune hemolytic, iron deficiency or beta-thalassemia anemia. METHODS Western blotting and CA esterase activity analysis were used to analyze cytosolic erythrocyte CA isoenzymes in 118 subjects with various types of anemia and 35 healthy controls. RESULTS Total CA activity and CAII concentration of anemia patients were significantly higher than that of the control subjects while CAI concentration was significantly lower in patients of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (P<0.01). Compared with controls, CAIII concentration was lower in iron deficiency anemia (P<0.01), but higher in beta-thalassemia anemia (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes may contribute differently to various types of anemia. CAI may be an indicator to differentiate autoimmune hemolytic anemia from other types of anemia. CAII provides the CA activity necessary for maintaining ion transport in erythrocytes while CAIII may play an agent against oxidative damage in iron deficiency and beta-thalassemia anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Hsien Kuo
- Division of Gasroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed-Force Taichung General Hospital, Taiping City 411, Taichung, Taiwan
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Glutathione linked red cell enzymes in iron deficiency anaemia. Indian J Clin Biochem 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02867656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bartosz G, Fried R, Grzelińska E, Leyko W. Effect of hyperoxide radicals on bovine-erythrocyte membrane. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1977; 73:261-4. [PMID: 190010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11315.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. Bovine erythrocytes exposed to the action of an enzymic source of hyperoxide radicals (hypoxanthine + xanthine oxidase) exhibited hemolysis, which was prevented by the presence of hyperoxide dismutase. 2. Exposing bovine erythrocyte membranes to the source of hyperoxide radicals resulted in a decrease of (Mg2+ + Na+ + K+)ATPase activity which could be partially prevented by addition of hyperoxide dismutase. 3. The damage observed to erythrocyte membranes under the conditions applied is ascribed to toh formed in the Haber and Weiss reaction since a protection by OH scavengers was also observed.
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