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Meyer NH, Kotnik N, Noubissi Nzeteu GA, van Kempen LC, Mastik M, Bockhorn M, Troja A. Unraveling the MicroRNA tapestry: exploring the molecular dynamics of locoregional recurrent rectal cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1407217. [PMID: 39070144 PMCID: PMC11272531 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1407217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent malignancy globally, with a concerning rise in incidence among young adults. Despite progress in understanding genetic predispositions and lifestyle risk factors, the intricate molecular mechanisms of CRC demand exploration. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) emerge as key regulators of gene expression and their deregulation in tumor cells play pivotal roles in cancer progression. Methods NanoString's nCounter technology was utilized to measure the expression of 827 cancer-related miRNAs in tumor tissue and adjacent non-involved normal colon tissue from five patients with locoregional CRC progression. These expression profiles were then compared to those from the primary colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) cohort in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results and discussion Intriguingly, 156 miRNAs showed a contrasting dysregulation pattern in reccurent tumor compared to their expression in the TCGA COAD cohort. This observation implies dynamic alterations in miRNA expression patterns throughout disease progression. Our exploratory study contributes to understanding the regulatory landscape of recurrent CRC, emphasizing the role of miRNAs in disease relapse. Notable findings include the prominence of let-7 miRNA family, dysregulation of key target genes, and dynamic changes in miRNA expression patterns during progression. Univariate Cox proportional hazard models highlighted miRNAs associated with adverse outcomes and potential protective factors. The study underscores the need for more extensive investigations into miRNA dynamics during tumor progression and the value of stage specific biomarkers for prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Helge Meyer
- Department of Human Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Klinikum Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg and University Hospital for General and Visceral Surgery, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nika Kotnik
- Department of Human Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu
- Department of Human Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Klinikum Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg and University Hospital for General and Visceral Surgery, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Léon C. van Kempen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mirjam Mastik
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Bockhorn
- Department of Human Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Klinikum Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg and University Hospital for General and Visceral Surgery, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Achim Troja
- Department of Human Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Klinikum Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg and University Hospital for General and Visceral Surgery, Oldenburg, Germany
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Hermansyah D, Paramita DA, Muhar AM, Amalina ND. Curcuma longa extract inhibits migration by reducing MMP-9 and Rac-1 expression in highly metastatic breast cancer cells. Res Pharm Sci 2024; 19:157-166. [PMID: 39035580 PMCID: PMC11257204 DOI: 10.4103/rps.rps_46_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Highly metastatic breast cancer is a population of cancer cells that has metastasized to other organs in the body leading to apoptosis resistance. It was reported that MDAMB-231 cells contain lower levels of reactive oxygen species associated with metastatic capability. Curcuma longa (CL) possesses cytotoxic effects in several cancer cells including metastatic breast cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CL-inhibited cell migration in highly metastatic breast cancer MDAMB-231 cells. Experimental approach CL was extracted under maceration with methanol. The cytotoxic effect on single and combination treatment of CL was assessed through the MTT assay. Migration analysis was evaluated using scratch wound healing assay, MMP-9 expression by gelatine zymography, Rac-1, and MMP-9 gene expression using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The apoptosis induction was analyzed through Bax gene expression and Bcl-2 protein expression. Findings/Results We found that CL inhibits the growth of MDAMB-231 cells, induces Bax gene expression, and suppresses Bcl-2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, cancer cell migration was suppressed by the presence of CL. qRT-PCR and gelatine zymography assay showed that CL downregulates Rac-1 and MMP-9 gene expression. Conclusion and implications CL could inhibit the growth and migration of highly metastatic breast cancer cells by reducing the Rac-1 gene expression and regulating apoptosis protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dedy Hermansyah
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | | | - Adi Muradi Muhar
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Nur Dina Amalina
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
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Blanco-Fernandez B, Ibañez-Fonseca A, Orbanic D, Ximenes-Carballo C, Perez-Amodio S, Rodríguez-Cabello JC, Engel E. Elastin-like Recombinamer Hydrogels as Platforms for Breast Cancer Modeling. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4408-4418. [PMID: 36597885 PMCID: PMC10565832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tumor progression has motivated the development of biomaterials mimicking the tumor ECM to develop more predictive cancer models. Particularly, polypeptides based on elastin could be an interesting approach to mimic the ECM due to their tunable properties. Here, we demonstrated that elastin-like recombinamer (ELR) hydrogels can be suitable biomaterials to develop breast cancer models. This hydrogel was formed by two ELR polypeptides, one containing sequences biodegradable by matrix metalloproteinase and cyclooctyne and the other carrying arginylglycylaspartic acid and azide groups to allow cell adhesion, biodegradability, and suitable stiffness through "click-chemistry" cross-linking. Our findings show that breast cancer or nontumorigenic breast cells showed high viability and cell proliferation for up to 7 days. MCF7 and MCF10A formed spheroids whereas MDA-MB-231 formed cell networks, with the expression of ECM and high drug resistance in all cases, evidencing that ELR hydrogels are a promising biomaterial for breast cancer modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Blanco-Fernandez
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of
Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- CIBER
en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Arturo Ibañez-Fonseca
- BIOFORGE
Lab, CIBER-BBN, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Doriana Orbanic
- BIOFORGE
Lab, CIBER-BBN, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Celia Ximenes-Carballo
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of
Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Soledad Perez-Amodio
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of
Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | | | - Elisabeth Engel
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of
Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- CIBER
en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28029, Spain
- IMEM-BRT
Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EEBE, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona 08019, Spain
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Slama Y, Ah-Pine F, Khettab M, Arcambal A, Begue M, Dutheil F, Gasque P. The Dual Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Pathophysiology: Pro-Tumorigenic Effects versus Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13511. [PMID: 37686315 PMCID: PMC10488262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells involved in numerous physiological events, including organogenesis, the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, regeneration, or tissue repair. MSCs are increasingly recognized as playing a major, dual, and complex role in cancer pathophysiology through their ability to limit or promote tumor progression. Indeed, these cells are known to interact with the tumor microenvironment, modulate the behavior of tumor cells, influence their functions, and promote distant metastasis formation through the secretion of mediators, the regulation of cell-cell interactions, and the modulation of the immune response. This dynamic network can lead to the establishment of immunoprivileged tissue niches or the formation of new tumors through the proliferation/differentiation of MSCs into cancer-associated fibroblasts as well as cancer stem cells. However, MSCs exhibit also therapeutic effects including anti-tumor, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, or anti-oxidative effects. The therapeutic interest in MSCs is currently growing, mainly due to their ability to selectively migrate and penetrate tumor sites, which would make them relevant as vectors for advanced therapies. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of the double-edged sword implications of MSCs in tumor processes. The therapeutic potential of MSCs will be reviewed in melanoma and lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Slama
- Unité de Recherche Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (F.A.-P.); (M.K.); (P.G.)
- Service de Radiothérapie, Clinique Sainte-Clotilde, Groupe Clinifutur, 127 Route de Bois de Nèfles, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (M.B.); (F.D.)
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Santé (LIRS), RunResearch, Clinique Sainte-Clotilde, 127 Route de Bois de Nèfles, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France;
| | - Franck Ah-Pine
- Unité de Recherche Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (F.A.-P.); (M.K.); (P.G.)
- Service d’Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU de La Réunion sites SUD—Saint-Pierre, Avenue François Mitterrand, 97448 Saint-Pierre Cedex, La Réunion, France
| | - Mohamed Khettab
- Unité de Recherche Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (F.A.-P.); (M.K.); (P.G.)
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, CHU de La Réunion sites SUD—Saint-Pierre, Avenue François Mitterrand, 97448 Saint-Pierre Cedex, La Réunion, France
| | - Angelique Arcambal
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Santé (LIRS), RunResearch, Clinique Sainte-Clotilde, 127 Route de Bois de Nèfles, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France;
| | - Mickael Begue
- Service de Radiothérapie, Clinique Sainte-Clotilde, Groupe Clinifutur, 127 Route de Bois de Nèfles, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (M.B.); (F.D.)
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Santé (LIRS), RunResearch, Clinique Sainte-Clotilde, 127 Route de Bois de Nèfles, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France;
| | - Fabien Dutheil
- Service de Radiothérapie, Clinique Sainte-Clotilde, Groupe Clinifutur, 127 Route de Bois de Nèfles, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (M.B.); (F.D.)
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Santé (LIRS), RunResearch, Clinique Sainte-Clotilde, 127 Route de Bois de Nèfles, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France;
| | - Philippe Gasque
- Unité de Recherche Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (F.A.-P.); (M.K.); (P.G.)
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Shibabaw T, Teferi B, Ayelign B. The role of Th-17 cells and IL-17 in the metastatic spread of breast cancer: As a means of prognosis and therapeutic target. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1094823. [PMID: 36993955 PMCID: PMC10040566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1094823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is one of the most common and well-known causes of death for women worldwide. The inflammatory tumor cell and other cancer hallmarks dictate the metastatic form and dissemination of breast cancer. Taking these into account, from various components of the tumor microenvironment, a pro-inflammatory infiltrative cell known as Th-17 plays an immense role in breast cancer proliferation, invasiveness, and metastasis. It has been demonstrated that IL-17, a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine generated by Th-17, is upregulated in a metastatic form of breast cancer. Recent research updates stated that chronic inflammation and mediators like cytokines and chemokines are causative hallmarks in many human cancers, including breast cancer. Therefore, IL-17 and its multiple downward signaling molecules are the centers of research attention to develop potent treatment options for cancer. They provide information on the role of IL-17-activated MAPK, which results in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis via NF-kB-mediated expression of MMP signaling. Overall, this review article emphasizes IL-17A and its intermediate signaling molecules, such as ERK1/2, NF-kB, MMPs, and VEGF, as potential molecular targets for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tewodros Shibabaw
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Banchamlak Teferi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Birhanu Ayelign
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Research School of Biology, College of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- *Correspondence: Birhanu Ayelign,
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Yang M, Zhang Y, Li M, Liu X, Darvishi M. The various role of microRNAs in breast cancer angiogenesis, with a special focus on novel miRNA-based delivery strategies. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:24. [PMID: 36765409 PMCID: PMC9912632 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02837-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
After skin malignancy, breast cancer is the most widely recognized cancer detected in women in the United States. Breast cancer (BCa) can happen in all kinds of people, but it's much more common in women. One in four cases of cancer and one in six deaths due to cancer are related to breast cancer. Angiogenesis is an essential factor in the growth of tumors and metastases in various malignancies. An expanded level of angiogenesis is related to diminished endurance in BCa patients. This function assumes a fundamental part inside the human body, from the beginning phases of life to dangerous malignancy. Various factors, referred to as angiogenic factors, work to make a new capillary. Expanding proof demonstrates that angiogenesis is managed by microRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding RNA with 19-25 nucleotides. MiRNA is a post-transcriptional regulator of gene expression that controls many critical biological processes. Endothelial miRNAs, referred to as angiomiRs, are probably concerned with tumor improvement and angiogenesis via regulation of pro-and anti-angiogenic factors. In this article, we reviewed therapeutic functions of miRNAs in BCa angiogenesis, several novel delivery carriers for miRNA-based therapeutics, as well as CRISPR/Cas9 as a targeted therapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101 China
| | - Min Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101 China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101 China
| | - Mohammad Darvishi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lee D, Hong JH. Activated PyK2 and Its Associated Molecules Transduce Cellular Signaling from the Cancerous Milieu for Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415475. [PMID: 36555115 PMCID: PMC9779422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PyK2 is a member of the proline-rich tyrosine kinase and focal adhesion kinase families and is ubiquitously expressed. PyK2 is mainly activated by stimuli, such as activated Src kinases and intracellular acidic pH. The mechanism of PyK2 activation in cancer cells has been addressed extensively. The up-regulation of PyK2 through overexpression and enhanced phosphorylation is a key feature of tumorigenesis and cancer migration. In this review, we summarized the cancer milieu, including acidification and cancer-associated molecules, such as chemical reagents, interactive proteins, chemokine-related molecules, calcium channels/transporters, and oxidative molecules that affect the fate of PyK2. The inhibition of PyK2 leads to a beneficial strategy to attenuate cancer cell development, including metastasis. Thus, we highlighted the effect of PyK2 on various cancer cell types and the distribution of molecules that affect PyK2 activation. In particular, we underlined the relationship between PyK2 and cancer metastasis and its potential to treat cancer cells.
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Ferreira KCB, Valle ABCDS, Gualberto ACM, Aleixo DT, Silva LM, Santos MM, Costa DDS, Oliveira LL, Gameiro J, Tavares GD, da Silva Filho AA, Corrêa JODA, Pittella F. Kaurenoic acid nanocarriers regulates cytokine production and inhibit breast cancer cell migration. J Control Release 2022; 352:712-725. [PMID: 36374787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the type of cancer with the highest incidence in women around the world. Noteworthy, the triple-negative subtype affects 20% of the patients while presenting the highest death rate among subtypes. This is due to its aggressive phenotype and the capability of invading other tissues. In general, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and other immune cells, are responsible for maintaining a favorable tumor microenvironment for inflammation and metastasis by secreting several mediators such as pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, chemokines like CCL2, and other proteins, as metalloproteinases of matrix (MMP). On the other hand, immunomodulatory agents can interfere in the immune response of TAM and change the disease prognosis. In this work, we prepared nanostructured lipid carriers containing kaurenoic acid (NLC-KA) to evaluate the effect on cytokine production in vitro of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and the migratory process of 4 T1 breast cancer cells. NLC-KA prepared from a blend of natural lipids was shown to have approximately 90 nm in diameter with low polydispersity index. To test the effect on cytokine production in vitro in NLC-KA treated BMDM, ELISA assay was performed and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were quantified. The formulation reduced the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α cytokines while presenting no hemolytic activity. Noteworthy, an anti-migratory effect in 4 T1 breast cancer cells treated with NLC-KA was observed in scratch assays. Further, MMP9 and CCL2 gene expressions in both BMDM and 4 T1 treated cells confirmed that the mechanism of inhibition of migration is related to the blockade of this pathway by KA. Finally, cell invasion assays confirmed that NLC-KA treatment resulted in less invasiveness of 4 T1 cells than control, and it is independent of CCL2 stimulus or BMDM direct stimulus. Ultimately, NLC-KA was able to regulate the cytokine production in vitro and reduce the migration of 4 T1 breast cancer cells by decreasing MMP9 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kézia Cristine Barbosa Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Cristina Moura Gualberto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Davi Trombini Aleixo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lívia Mara Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Milena Maciel Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danilo de Souza Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ludmilla Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jacy Gameiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Diniz Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ademar Alves da Silva Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Otávio do Amaral Corrêa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Frederico Pittella
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Role of Anti-Angiogenic Factors in the Pathogenesis of Breast Cancer: A Review of Therapeutic Potential. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 236:153956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Alhadrami HA, Alkhatabi H, Abduljabbar FH, Abdelmohsen UR, Sayed AM. Anticancer Potential of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles of the Soft Coral Cladiella pachyclados Supported by Network Pharmacology and In Silico Analyses. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1846. [PMID: 34834261 PMCID: PMC8621232 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cladiella-derived natural products have shown promising anticancer properties against many human cancer cell lines. In the present investigation, we found that an ethyl acetate extract of Cladiella pachyclados (CE) collected from the Red Sea could inhibit the human breast cancer (BC) cells (MCF and MDA-MB-231) in vitro (IC50 24.32 ± 1.1 and 9.55 ± 0.19 µg/mL, respectively). The subsequent incorporation of the Cladiella extract into the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) resulted in significantly more activity against both cancer cell lines (IC50 5.62 ± 0.89 and 1.72 ± 0.36, respectively); the efficacy was comparable to that of doxorubicin with much-enhanced selectivity. To explore the mode of action of this extract, various in silico and network-pharmacology-based analyses were performed in the light of the LC-HRESIMS-identified compounds in the CE extract. Firstly, using two independent machine-learning-based prediction software platforms, most of the identified compounds in CE were predicted to inhibit both MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. Moreover, they were predicted to have low toxicity towards normal cell lines. Secondly, approximately 242 BC-related molecular targets were collected from various databases and used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, which revealed the most important molecular targets and signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of BC. All the identified compounds in the extract were then subjected to inverse docking against all proteins hosted in the Protein Data bank (PDB) to discover the BC-related proteins that these compounds can target. Approximately, 10.74% of the collected BC-related proteins were potential targets for 70% of the compounds identified in CE. Further validation of the docking results using molecular dynamic simulations (MDS) and binding free energy calculations revealed that only 2.47% of the collected BC-related proteins could be targeted by 30% of the CE-derived compounds. According to docking and MDS experiments, protein-pathway and compound-protein interaction networks were constructed to determine the signaling pathways that the CE compounds could influence. This paper highlights the potential of marine natural products as effective anticancer agents and reports the discovery of novel anti-breast cancer AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani A. Alhadrami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.A.); (H.A.)
- Molecular Diagnostic Lab., King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agent Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Alkhatabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.A.); (H.A.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad H. Abduljabbar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt
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Tsegaye S, Mehdi M, Labisso WL, Melka DS. Cysteine Cathepsins and Matrix Metalloproteases Among Breast Cancer Patients. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2021; 13:271-283. [PMID: 33994807 PMCID: PMC8112858 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s305387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Cellular proteases are thought to increase the likelihood of cancer cell infiltration and metastasis by degrading constituents of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Measuring activities of these proteases may be used as tumor markers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and as a possible target for treatment plan. Objective The aim of the current study is to evaluate cysteine cathepsins (CTSK and CTSL) and matrix metalloproteases-2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9) activities in human breast tumor tissue. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study plan was devised to study the enzymatic activities ofCTSK and CTSL andMMP-2 and MMP-9 via zymographic detection method. Sites of tissue sample collection were St Paul’s Millennium Medical College, Menelik II Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 36 breast cancer patients were recruited and tissue samples were collected for the study. Results Activities of CTSK and CTSL were significantly elevated in cancerous tissue than the adjacent normal non-cancerous breast tissue of the same patients (n = 36, p ≤ 0.05). Also, activities ofMMP-2 and MMP-9 were increased significantly in tumor tissues than normal tissues (n = 36, P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion It is found that there are different patterns of protease enzymatic activity expression between normal and tumor tissue using zymography. Compared with normal tissue samples, the protease enzymatic activity in cancerous tissue is higher. Thus, tissue proteases can be used in conjunction with histological techniques to identify patients in the same clinical group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Tsegaye
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Assela University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Mehdi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wajana L Labisso
- Department of Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Seifu Melka
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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12
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13
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Celik ZB, Cankara FN, Gunaydin C. Alterations in the matrix metalloproteinase-3 promoter methylation after common chemotherapeutics: in vitro study of paclitaxel, cisplatin and methotrexate in the MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cell lines. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8987-8995. [PMID: 33136246 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05955-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatment is a complex process due to the several encountered obstacles during therapy, such as metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. The methylation status of elements that are thought to play crucial roles in these mechanisms is considered valuable targets. Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), one of the possible targets, is a well-known endopeptidase and secreted by several types of cancer cells. Paclitaxel, cisplatin, and methotrexate are frequently used for several malignancies, individually or in combination. Therefore, the aims of this study is that demonstration of possible effects of different doses of single or jointly application of these agents with maintaining their antiproliferative activity in clinically relevant cell lines, as well as revealing epigenetic results of this pharmacological alteration with exploring promoter methylation status of the MMP-3 gene. Cell viability was determined with Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Further methylation-specific PCR (MSP) experiments for determining the promoter methylation status of MMP-3 were performed according to the obtained IC50 values of the drug treatments. The MMP-3 promoter methylation status was analayzed with MSP and determined with agarose gel electrophoresis. As a result, methotrexate and paclitaxel treatment significantly methylated the MMP-3 promoter; however, cisplatin caused MMP-3 promoter unmethylation in MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cells. Our study indicates that decreasing the dose of clinically prevalent chemotherapeutic agents while maintaining the same tumor-killing potency might be a rational strategy for treatment. In addition to avoiding adverse effects of these compounds, decreasing treatment doses will bring substantial benefits for patient life-quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfinaz Betul Celik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55270, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Nihan Cankara
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Caner Gunaydin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55270, Samsun, Turkey
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14
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Yang J, Bahcecioglu G, Zorlutuna P. The Extracellular Matrix and Vesicles Modulate the Breast Tumor Microenvironment. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E124. [PMID: 33050609 PMCID: PMC7712041 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7040124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown multiple roles of the tumor microenvironment (TME) components, specifically the extracellular matrix (ECM), in breast cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Aside from the biophysical properties and biochemical composition of the breast ECM, the signaling molecules are extremely important in maintaining homeostasis, and in the breast TME, they serve as the key components that facilitate tumor progression and immune evasion. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), the mediators that convey messages between the cells and their microenvironment through signaling molecules, have just started to capture attention in breast cancer research. In this comprehensive review, we first provide an overview of the impact of ECM in breast cancer progression as well as the alterations occurring in the TME during this process. The critical importance of EVs and their biomolecular contents in breast cancer progression and metastasis are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the potential biomedical or clinical applications of these extracellular components, as well as how they impact treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
| | - Gokhan Bahcecioglu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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15
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Madu CO, Wang S, Madu CO, Lu Y. Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer Progression, Diagnosis, and Treatment. J Cancer 2020; 11:4474-4494. [PMID: 32489466 PMCID: PMC7255381 DOI: 10.7150/jca.44313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a significant event in a wide range of healthy and diseased conditions. This process frequently involves vasodilation and an increase in vascular permeability. Numerous players referred to as angiogenic factors, work in tandem to facilitate the outgrowth of endothelial cells (EC) and the consequent vascularity. Conversely, angiogenic factors could also feature in pathological conditions. Angiogenesis is a critical factor in the development of tumors and metastases in numerous cancers. An increased level of angiogenesis is associated with decreased survival in breast cancer patients. Therefore, a good understanding of the angiogenic mechanism holds a promise of providing effective treatments for breast cancer progression, thereby enhancing patients' survival. Disrupting the initiation and progression of this process by targeting angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf)-one of the most potent member of the VEGF family- or by targeting transcription factors, such as Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIFs) that act as angiogenic regulators, have been considered potential treatment options for several types of cancers. The objective of this review is to highlight the mechanism of angiogenesis in diseases, specifically its role in the progression of malignancy in breast cancer, as well as to highlight the undergoing research in the development of angiogenesis-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikezie O. Madu
- Departments of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152. USA
| | - Stephanie Wang
- Departments of Biology and Advanced Placement Biology, White Station High School, Memphis, TN 38117. USA
| | - Chinua O. Madu
- Departments of Biology and Advanced Placement Biology, White Station High School, Memphis, TN 38117. USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163. USA
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16
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The Role of MMP8 in Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184506. [PMID: 31514474 PMCID: PMC6770849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have traditionally been considered as tumor promoting enzymes as they degrade extracellular matrix components, thus increasing the invasion of cancer cells. It has become evident, however, that MMPs can also cleave and alter the function of various non-matrix bioactive molecules, leading to both tumor promoting and suppressive effects. We applied systematic review guidelines to study MMP8 in cancer including the use of MMP8 as a prognostic factor or as a target/anti-target in cancer treatment, and its molecular mechanisms. A total of 171 articles met the inclusion criteria. The collective evidence reveals that in breast, skin and oral tongue cancer, MMP8 inhibits cancer cell invasion and proliferation, and protects patients from metastasis via cleavage of non-structural substrates. Conversely, in liver and gastric cancers, high levels of MMP8 worsen the prognosis. Expression and genetic alterations of MMP8 can be used as a prognostic factor by examination of the tumor and serum/plasma. We conclude, that MMP8 has differing effects on cancers depending on their tissue of origin. The use of MMP8 as a prognostic factor alone, or with other factors, seems to have potential. The molecular mechanisms of MMP8 in cancer further emphasize its role as an important regulator of bioactive molecules.
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17
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Kim BH, Yi EH, Li YC, Park IC, Park JY, Ye SK. Anticancer Activity of Tubulosine through Suppression of Interleukin-6-Induced Janus Kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activation of Transcription 3 Signaling. J Breast Cancer 2019; 22:362-374. [PMID: 31598337 PMCID: PMC6769386 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2019.22.e34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The chemical structure of tubulosine has been known since the mid-1960s. However, little is known about its biological and pharmacological functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the novel functions of tubulosine in cancer treatment, specifically in breast cancer. Methods An Unpaired (Upd)-induced Drosophila cell line and interleukin (IL)-6-stimulated human breast cancer cell lines were used to investigate the biological and pharmacological activities of tubulosine in vitro. To investigate the activities of tubulosine, we performed molecular and cellular experiments such as Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses, immunoprecipitation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assays, and immunofluorescence staining using breast cancer cell lines. Results Tubulosine exhibited anticancer activity in IL-6-stimulated human breast cancer cells. Moreover, tubulosine reduced the tyrosine phosphorylation level and transcriptional activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein at 92E in Upd-induced Drosophila cells. Additionally, tubulosine suppressed IL-6-induced Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3 signaling, resulting in decreased viability and induction of apoptotic cell death in breast cancer cells. Interestingly, inhibition of IL-6-induced JAK2/STAT3 signaling by tubulosine was associated with the blocking of IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and glycoprotein 130 (gp130) binding. Conclusion Tubulosine exhibits anticancer activity through functional inhibition of IL-6-induced JAK2/STAT3 signaling by targeting IL-6Rα/gp130 binding in breast cancer cells. These findings suggest that tubulosine may hold promise for the treatment of inflammation-associated cancers, including breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Hak Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Biomedical Science Project (BK21 PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Chen Li
- Department of Oriental Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In-Chul Park
- Division of Basic Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Youl Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Biomedical Science Project (BK21 PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuro-Immune Information Storage Network Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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18
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De Silva SF, Alcorn J. Flaxseed Lignans as Important Dietary Polyphenols for Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, and Molecular Targets. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:E68. [PMID: 31060335 PMCID: PMC6630319 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer causes considerable morbidity and mortality across the world. Socioeconomic, environmental, and lifestyle factors contribute to the increasing cancer prevalence, bespeaking a need for effective prevention and treatment strategies. Phytochemicals like plant polyphenols are generally considered to have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory effects, which explain their promotion for human health. The past several decades have contributed to a growing evidence base in the literature that demonstrate ability of polyphenols to modulate multiple targets of carcinogenesis linking models of cancer characteristics (i.e., hallmarks and nutraceutical-based targeting of cancer) via direct or indirect interaction or modulation of cellular and molecular targets. This evidence is particularly relevant for the lignans, an ubiquitous, important class of dietary polyphenols present in high levels in food sources such as flaxseed. Literature evidence on lignans suggests potential benefit in cancer prevention and treatment. This review summarizes the relevant chemical and pharmacokinetic properties of dietary polyphenols and specifically focuses on the biological targets of flaxseed lignans. The consolidation of the considerable body of data on the diverse targets of the lignans will aid continued research into their potential for use in combination with other cancer chemotherapies, utilizing flaxseed lignan-enriched natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Franklyn De Silva
- Drug Discovery & Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 104 Clinic Place, Health Sciences Building, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (SK), S7N 2Z4, Canada.
| | - Jane Alcorn
- Drug Discovery & Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 104 Clinic Place, Health Sciences Building, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (SK), S7N 2Z4, Canada.
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19
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Mukund V, Behera SK, Alam A, Nagaraju GP. Molecular docking analysis of nuclear factor-κB and genistein interaction in the context of breast cancer. Bioinformation 2019; 15:11-17. [PMID: 31359993 PMCID: PMC6651031 DOI: 10.6026/97320630015011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is a transcription factor and it contributes to breast cancer growth and metastasis. Hence, NF-κB is considered as a target for anti-breast cancer drugs. NF-κB was retrieved from the UniProtKB Data Base with UniProt ID P19838, its energy was minimized and subjected to molecular dynamic simulations using Gromacs v5.0.7 software with GROMOS96 43A1 force field implementing the steepest descent algorithm. The structure of genistein was retrieved from NCBI PubChem database in .sdf format and convert to .pdb format. The genistein compound was docked into the active site of NF-κB proteins with AutoDock tools 1.5. The genistein compound displayed the best binding energies at -6.29 (NF-κB) kcal/mol correspondingly. The binding interactions of this compound with the active site of NF-κB proteins suggested that amino acid residues (Lys52, Ser243, Asp274, Lys, 275) might play a key role in anti-breast cancer activity. Genistein also inhibited the translocation and expression of NF-κB in the nucleus of both breast cancer cell lines. These findings might increase our understanding of the molecular and functional role of NF-κB in breast cancer. It could also help in developing additional druggable NF-κB inhibitors with high potency, specificity and outstanding bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Mukund
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, RJ, 304 022, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Behera
- Biomedical Informatics Centre,Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR),Bhubaneswar 751023,Odisha,India
| | - Afroz Alam
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, RJ, 304 022, India
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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20
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Kennedy E, Hokmabadi M, Dong Z, McKelvey K, Nelson EM, Timp G. Method for Dynamically Detecting Secretions from Single Cells Using a Nanopore. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:4263-4272. [PMID: 29870666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Secreted proteins mediate cell-to-cell communications. Thus, eavesdropping on the secretome could reveal the cellular phenotype, but it is challenging to detect the proteins because they are secreted only in minute amounts and then diluted in blood plasma or contaminated by cell culture medium or the lysate. In this pilot study, it is demonstrated that secretions from single cancer cells can be detected and dynamically analyzed through measurements of blockades in the electrolytic current due to single molecules translocating through a nanopore in a thin inorganic membrane. It is established that the distribution of blockades can be used to differentiate three different cancer cell lines (U937, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7) in real time and quickly (<20 s). Importantly, the distinctive blockades associated with the chemokine CCL5, a prognostic factor for disease progression in breast cancer, along with other low-mass biomarkers of breast cancer (PI3, TIMP1, and MMP1) were identified in the context of the secretome of these three cell types, tracked with time, and used to provide information on the cellular phenotype.
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21
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Yushi Q, Li Z, Von Roemeling CA, Doeppler H, Marlow LA, Kim BYS, Radisky DC, Storz P, Copland JA, Tun HW. Osteopontin is a multi-faceted pro-tumorigenic driver for central nervous system lymphoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:32156-71. [PMID: 27050077 PMCID: PMC5078004 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is the most upregulated gene in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) compared to non-CNS diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We show here that OPN is a key mediator of intracerebral tumor growth, invasion, and dissemination in CNS lymphoma, and that these effects depend upon activation of NF-κB. We further show that activation of NF-κB by OPN occurs through a unique mechanism in which intracellular OPN (iOPN) causes transcriptional downregulation of the NF-κB inhibitors, A20/TNFAIP3 and ABIN1/TNIP1, and secretory OPN (sOPN) promotes receptor-mediated activation of NF-κB. We also identify NF-κB-mediated induction of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) as a specific feature of OPN-mediated tissue invasion. These results implicate OPN as a candidate for development of targeted therapy for patients with PCNSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Yushi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Zhimin Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Heike Doeppler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Laura A Marlow
- Department of Cancer Biology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Betty Y S Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Peter Storz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - John A Copland
- Department of Cancer Biology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Han W Tun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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22
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HER2 in Breast Cancer Stemness: A Negative Feedback Loop towards Trastuzumab Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9050040. [PMID: 28445439 PMCID: PMC5447950 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9050040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed in approximately 20% of all breast cancers (BCs) is a poor prognosis factor and a precious target for BC therapy. Trastuzumab is approved by FDA to specifically target HER2 for treating HER2+ BC. However, about 60% of patients with HER2+ breast tumor develop de novo resistance to trastuzumab, partially due to the loss of expression of HER2 extracellular domain on their tumor cells. This is due to shedding/cleavage of HER2 by metalloproteinases (ADAMs and MMPs). HER2 shedding results in the accumulation of intracellular carboxyl-terminal HER2 (p95HER2), which is a common phenomenon in trastuzumab-resistant tumors and is suggested as a predictive marker for trastuzumab resistance. Up-regulation of the metalloproteinases is a poor prognosis factor and is commonly seen in mesenchymal-like cancer stem cells that are risen during epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. HER2 cleavage during EMT can explain why secondary metastatic tumors with high percentage of mesenchymal-like cancer stem cells are mostly resistant to trastuzumab but still sensitive to lapatinib. Importantly, many studies report HER2 interaction with oncogenic/stemness signaling pathways including TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, JAK/STAT and Hedgehog. HER2 overexpression promotes EMT and the emergence of cancer stem cell properties in BC. Increased expression and activation of metalloproteinases during EMT leads to proteolytic cleavage and shedding of HER2 receptor, which downregulates HER2 extracellular domain and eventually increases trastuzumab resistance. Here, we review the hypothesis that a negative feedback loop between HER2 and stemness signaling drives resistance of BC to trastuzumab.
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23
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Zhong ZF, Tan W, Tian K, Yu H, Qiang WA, Wang YT. Combined effects of furanodiene and doxorubicin on the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in vitro. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2016-2024. [PMID: 28184941 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Furanodiene is one of the major bioactive components isolated from the natural product of the plant, Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen et C. Ling. Furanodiene has been found to exert anticancer effects in various types of cancer cell lines, as well as exhibit antimetastatic activities. However, the antimetastatic capacity of furanodiene in combination with the common chemotherapy drug doxorubicin has not been investigated. We found that doxorubicin at a non-toxic concentration induced cell migration and cell invasion in highly metastatic breast cancer cells. Combinational treatments with furanodiene and doxorubicin blocked the invasion and migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in vitro. We also clarified the effects of the combination on the signaling pathways involved in migration, invasion, and cytoskeletal organization. When combined with doxorubicin, furanodiene downregulated the expression of integrin αV and β-catenin and inhibited the phosphorylation of paxillin, Src, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), p85, and Akt. Moreover, combinational treatments also resulted in a decrease in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Further study demonstrated that the co-treatments with furanodiene did not significantly alter the effects of doxorubicin on the tubulin cytoskeleton, represented by no influence on the expression levels of RhoA, Cdc42, N-WASP, and α/β tubulin. These observations indicate that furanodiene is a potential agent that may be utilized to improve the anticancer efficacy of doxorubicin and overcome the risk of chemotherapy in highly metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Feng Zhong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ke Tian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Wen-An Qiang
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, P.R. China
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24
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Castañeda-Gill JM, Vishwanatha JK. Antiangiogenic mechanisms and factors in breast cancer treatment. J Carcinog 2016; 15:1. [PMID: 27013929 PMCID: PMC4785777 DOI: 10.4103/1477-3163.176223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is known to metastasize in its latter stages of existence. The different angiogenic mechanisms and factors that allow for its progression are reviewed in this article. Understanding these mechanisms and factors will allow researchers to design drugs to inhibit angiogenic behaviors and control the rate of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Castañeda-Gill
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Jamboor K. Vishwanatha
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Institute for Cancer Research, Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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25
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Faustino-Rocha AI, Ferreira R, Oliveira PA, Gama A, Ginja M. N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea as a mammary carcinogenic agent. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:9095-117. [PMID: 26386719 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3973-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The administration of chemical carcinogens is one of the most commonly used methods to induce tumors in several organs in laboratory animals in order to study oncologic diseases of humans. The carcinogen agent N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) is the oldest member of the nitroso compounds that has the ability to alkylate DNA. MNU is classified as a complete, potent, and direct alkylating compound. Depending on the animals' species and strain, dose, route, and age at the administration, MNU may induce tumors' development in several organs. The aim of this manuscript was to review MNU as a carcinogenic agent, taking into account that this carcinogen agent has been frequently used in experimental protocols to study the carcinogenesis in several tissues, namely breast, ovary, uterus, prostate, liver, spleen, kidney, stomach, small intestine, colon, hematopoietic system, lung, skin, retina, and urinary bladder. In this paper, we also reviewed the experimental conditions to the chemical induction of tumors in different organs with this carcinogen agent, with a special emphasis in the mammary carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Faustino-Rocha
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, 5001-911, Vila Real, Portugal. .,Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, 5001-911, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Organic Chemistry of Natural Products and Agrifood (QOPNA), Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, 5001-911, Vila Real, Portugal.,Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, 5001-911, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Adelina Gama
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, 5001-911, Vila Real, Portugal.,Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, UTAD, 5001-911, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Mário Ginja
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, 5001-911, Vila Real, Portugal.,Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, 5001-911, Vila Real, Portugal
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Zhang X, Jin G, Li J, Zhang L. Association between four MMP-9 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1115-23. [PMID: 25890491 PMCID: PMC4413812 DOI: 10.12659/msm.893890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) polymorphisms in breast cancer risk remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between MMP-9 variants and breast cancer susceptibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS Case-control studies were searched on electronic databases to retrieve related articles published between 2000 and 2014 concerning the role of MMP-9 variants in breast cancer risk. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with correlative 95% confidence intervals (CI) were employed to assess this association. RESULTS Ten articles were screened out, including 6177 breast cancer patients and 6726 matched-controls. For rs3918242 (-1562 C/T), 6 studies contained 1435 patients and 1446 controls. Although the frequency of risk allele C was higher in breast cancer patients than in controls, only TT genotype in recessive model was significantly associated with increased risk of breast cancer (TT vs. CT+CC: OR=1.55, 95% CI=1.12-2.16, P=0.009) in a fixed-effects model. This significant relationship was not observed in other genetic models (P>0.05). No significant association was found between breast cancer risk and rs17576, rs2250889, and rs3787268 under any genetic models. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that TT genotype of MMP-9-1562 C/T polymorphism might be a risk factor for breast cancer. More studies are needed to further explore this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- Life Science Research Center, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Guoyin Jin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Linxi Zhang
- Life Science Research Center, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China (mainland)
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Fagan-Solis KD, Schneider SS, Pentecost BT, Bentley BA, Otis CN, Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF. The RhoA pathway mediates MMP-2 and MMP-9-independent invasive behavior in a triple-negative breast cancer cell line. J Cell Biochem 2014; 114:1385-94. [PMID: 23255405 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that varies in its biology and response to therapy. A foremost threat to patients is tumor invasion and metastasis, with the greatest risk among patients diagnosed with triple-negative and/or basal-like breast cancers. A greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer cell spreading is needed as 90% of cancer-associated deaths result from metastasis. We previously demonstrated that the Tamoxifen-selected, MCF-7 derivative, TMX2-28, lacks expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and is highly invasive, yet maintains an epithelial morphology. The present study was designed to further characterize TMX2-28 cells and elucidate their invasion mechanism. We found that TMX2-28 cells do not express human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and progesterone receptor (PR), in addition to lacking ERα, making the cells triple-negative. We then determined that TMX2-28 cells lack expression of active matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, and other genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) suggesting that TMX2-28 may not utilize mesenchymal invasion. In contrast, TMX2-28 cells have high expression of Ras Homolog Gene Family Member, A (RhoA), a protein known to play a critical role in amoeboid invasion. Blocking RhoA activity with the RhoA pathway specific inhibitor H-1152, or a RhoA specific siRNA, resulted in inhibition of invasive behavior. Collectively, these results suggest that TMX2-28 breast cancer cells exploit a RhoA-dependent, proteolytic-independent invasion mechanism. Targeting the RhoA pathway in triple-negative, basal-like breast cancers that have a proteolytic-independent invasion mechanism may provide therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with increased risk of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina D Fagan-Solis
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
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28
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Zhong Z, Tan W, Chen X, Wang Y. Furanodiene, a natural small molecule suppresses metastatic breast cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 737:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hedgehog pathway inhibitor-4 suppresses malignant properties of chondrosarcoma cells by disturbing tumor ciliogenesis. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1622-30. [PMID: 25110171 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a type of malignant bone tumor secreting cartilage-like matrix. In clinical treatment, there is no frequently used drug treatment option except for surgical resection. Hedgehog (HH) pathway is a classical signaling pathway that regulates normal cartilage cell development. In order to detect the role that HH pathway plays in chondrosarcoma, we used immunohistochemistry and found this tumor clearly expressed HH pathway-related proteins. Treatment with HH pathway inhibitor-4 (HPI-4) could significantly decrease human chondrosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration ability. Furthermore, HPI-4 could distinctly disturb HH pathway-mediated ciliogenesis and suppress primary cilia-related protein intraflagellar transport protein IFT88 expression. HH downstream effect molecular GLI2 was restrained to block parathyroid hormone-related protein and affect MAPK/ERK-regulated matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9). These results indicated that activated HH pathway existed in chondrosarcoma and HPI-4 could be a new therapeutic option specific to chondrosarcoma expressing elevated levels of HH pathway.
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30
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Zhang Y, Wang Q, Ma A, Li Y, Li R, Wang Y. Functional expression of TLR9 in esophageal cancer. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2298-304. [PMID: 24647486 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) plays a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immune responses against infection and danger signals. Stimulation of TLR9 has been linked to invasion in various cancer cells in vitro. The present study evaluated the expression of TLR9 in human esophageal cancer (EC) cells and normal and malignant esophageal squamous epithelium, and examined the association between TLR9 expression, clinicopathological variables, and EC patient outcome. We further characterized the direct effects of TLR9 agonist CpG oligonucleotides (CpG ODN) and inhibitor chloroquine (CQ), on the proliferation and invasion of EC cells in vitro. RT-PCR, western blot, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical analysis were used to determine the expression of TLR9 in EC cell line TE10, and 90 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, including 30 cases of adjacent esophageal epithelium. The TLR9 expression was compared with tumor size, location, grade, stage and proliferation. We found basal expression of TLR9 in TE10 cells. Esophageal carcinomas exhibited TLR9 expression that was positively associated with tumor size, location and TNM stage (P<0.05). CpG ODN significantly enhanced the invasion of TE10 cells, which could be abrogated by a TLR9 inhibitor CQ. CpG ODN led to activation of NF‑κB and enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-7 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA. Expression of TLR9 in EC suggests a role of TLR9 related to cell proliferation and differentiation. Our findings indicate that TLR9 may represent a novel therapeutic target in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- Basic Medical College, Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Ailing Ma
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yunhong Li
- Basic Medical College, Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Basic Medical College, Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yin Wang
- Basic Medical College, Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
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31
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Ma L, Li GZ, Wu ZS, Meng G. Prognostic significance of let-7b expression in breast cancer and correlation to its target gene of BSG expression. Med Oncol 2013; 31:773. [PMID: 24264599 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Let-7 microRNAs (miRNAs) are found in a wide range of species, and alterations of let-7 miRNA family member expression levels in humans are associated with various types of cancer. However, few researchers have reported alterations in let-7b levels in breast cancer (BC). Specifically, the use of altered let-7 expression as a prognostic biomarker is of particular interest and significance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether let-7b could be used as a biomarker of tumor progression and patient prognosis in BC and to determine the target gene of let-7b. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical pathological characteristics of 80 BC. We utilized digoxigenin-labeled locked nucleic acid-miRNA probes to detect let-7b expression in 80 BC and 22 benign breast disease (BBD) histologic specimens by in situ hybridization, and also detect the expression of BSG-a potential target gene of let-7b-by immunohistochemistry. We observed that the levels of let-7b expression in BBD were higher than in BC specimens (P < 0.05), indicating that let-7b could inhibit growth and facilitate differentiation of BBD. Also, loss of let-7b expression on BC tissue specimens raised the possibility that let-7b could play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of BC. Furthermore, let-7b expression in breast cancer patients was inversely associated with tumor lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001), patient overall survival (P = 0.027), relapse-free survival (P = 0.016), and BSG protein expression (P = 0.001). Breast cancer patients with low let-7b expression had poor prognoses, indicating let-7b might act as cancer suppressor gene in BC development and progression by inhibiting the expression of BSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, China
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32
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Extracellular alkaline pH leads to increased metastatic potential of estrogen receptor silenced endocrine resistant breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76327. [PMID: 24098477 PMCID: PMC3788134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endocrine resistance in breast cancer is associated with enhanced metastatic potential and poor clinical outcome, presenting a significant therapeutic challenge. We have established several endocrine insensitive breast cancer lines by shRNA induced depletion of estrogen receptor (ER) by transfection of MCF-7 cells which all exhibit enhanced expression profile of mesenchymal markers with reduction of epithelial markers, indicating an epithelial to mesenchymal transition. In this study we describe their behaviour in response to change in extracellular pH, an important factor controlling cell motility and metastasis. Methods Morphological changes associated with cell exposure to extracellular alkaline pH were assessed by live cell microscopy and the effect of various ion pumps on this behavior was investigated by pretreatment with chemical inhibitors. The activity and expression profile of key signaling molecules was assessed by western blotting. Cell motility and invasion were examined by scratch and under-agarose assays respectively. Total matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and specifically of MMP2/9 was assessed in conditioned medium in response to brief alkaline pH exposure. Results Exposure of ER –ve but not ER +ve breast cancer cells to extracellular alkaline pH resulted in cell shrinkage and spherical appearance (termed contractolation); this was reversed by returning the pH back to 7.4. Contractolation was blocked by targeting the Na+/K+ and Na+/H+ pumps with specific chemical inhibitors. The activity and expression profile of key signaling molecules critical for cell adhesion were modulated by the exposure to alkaline pH. Brief exposure to alkaline pH enhanced MMP2/9 activity and the invasive potential of ER –ve cells in response to serum components and epithelial growth factor stimulation without affecting unhindered motility. Conclusions Endocrine resistant breast cancer cells behave very differently to estrogen responsive cells in alkaline pH, with enhanced invasive potential; these studies emphasise the crucial influence of extracellular pH and caution against indiscriminate application of alkalinising drug therapy.
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Kojima C, Suehiro T, Watanabe K, Ogawa M, Fukuhara A, Nishisaka E, Harada A, Kono K, Inui T, Magata Y. Doxorubicin-conjugated dendrimer/collagen hybrid gels for metastasis-associated drug delivery systems. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:5673-80. [PMID: 23164946 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a characteristic property of cancer cells, which degrade extracellular matrix containing collagen. We prepared a polymer prodrug-embedded collagen gel for metastasis-associated drug delivery. A collagen peptide-modified dendrimer that attached doxorubicin (Dox) via a pH-degradable linkage was synthesized as a polymer prodrug. Compared with free Dox, the diffusion of the dendrimer prodrug from the collagen gel was suppressed. Highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells were more sensitive to the prodrug-hybrid collagen gel than poorly invasive MCF-7 cells, even though the cytotoxicity of the dendrimer prodrug by itself against these cells was almost identical. The cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells decreased in the presence of a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor, suggesting that the dendrimer prodrug/collagen hybrid gel was affected by MMP activity. The dendrimer prodrug/collagen hybrid gel not only suppressed tumor growth but also attenuated metastatic activity in vivo. Therefore, the dendrimer prodrug-embedded collagen gel is useful for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Kojima
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Organization for the 21st Century, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan.
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Mandel K, Seidl D, Rades D, Lehnert H, Gieseler F, Hass R, Ungefroren H. Characterization of spontaneous and TGF-β-induced cell motility of primary human normal and neoplastic mammary cells in vitro using novel real-time technology. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56591. [PMID: 23457587 PMCID: PMC3572945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical complications derived from metastatic disease are responsible for the majority of all breast cancer related deaths. Since cell migration and invasion are a prerequisite for metastasis their assessment in patient cancer cells in vitro may have prognostic value for the tumor's metastatic capacity. We employed real-time cell analysis (RTCA) on the xCELLigence DP system to determine in vitro motility of patient-derived primary human breast cancer epithelial cells (HBCEC). Initially, the RTCA assay was validated using established human breast cancer cell lines with either an invasive (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435s) or a non-invasive phenotype (MCF-7, MDA-MB-468), and primary NSCLC cells (Tu459). Previous standard assays of cell migration/invasion revealed that only MDA-MB-231, −435s, and Tu459 cells exhibited spontaneous and TGF-β1-stimulated migration and invasion through a Matrigel barrier. In the present study, the TGF-β1-stimulated activities could be blocked by SB431542, a potent kinase inhibitor of the TGF-β type I receptor ALK5. Application of the RTCA assay to patient-derived tumor cells showed that 4/4 primary HBCEC and primary NSCLC cells, but not normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC), displayed high spontaneous migratory and invasive activity which correlated with higher MMP-2 expression and uPA protein levels in HBCEC compared to HMEC. Upon treatment with TGF-β1, HBCEC exhibited morphologic and gene regulatory alterations indicative of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. However, exclusively the invasive but not the migratory activity of HBCEC was further enhanced by TGF-β1. This indicates the requirement for molecular, e.g. integrin interactions with Matrigel components in HBCEC in order to become responsive to pro-invasive TGF-β effects. Together, these results show for the first time that tumorigenic HBCEC but not normal HMEC possess a strong basal migratory as well as a basal and TGF-β1-inducible invasive potential. These findings qualify the RTCA assay as an in vitro migration/invasion testing system for patient-specific primary breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Mandel
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Laboratory, Gynecology Research Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel Seidl
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Dirk Rades
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hendrik Lehnert
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frank Gieseler
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ralf Hass
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Laboratory, Gynecology Research Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hendrik Ungefroren
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Watanabe K, Nishio Y, Makiura R, Nakahira A, Kojima C. Paclitaxel-loaded hydroxyapatite/collagen hybrid gels as drug delivery systems for metastatic cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2013; 446:81-6. [PMID: 23402979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a biocompatible and porous inorganic material that can behave as an effective drug carrier. In this study, HA nanoparticles were prepared according to the hydrothermal method and used as a drug carrier for a water-insoluble anticancer drug, paclitaxel (Tax). The absorption of Tax onto the HA was dependent on the solvent composition. The Tax-loaded HA (Tax/HA) exhibited a lower level of activity than the free Tax because the HA material was not stably dispersed in aqueous media. The Tax/HA was therefore embedded in a collagen gel to give the Tax/HA-embedded collagen gel (Tax/HA/Col), which exhibited a higher level of activity than the Tax-containing collagen gel (Tax/Col). Interestingly, the highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells were more sensitive to the Tax/HA/Col than the poorly metastatic MCF-7 cells. Tax/HA/Col is therefore useful for the drug delivery into metastatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Zhao X, Kim SY, Park KY. Bamboo Salt HasIn VitroAnticancer Activity in HCT-116 Cells and Exerts Anti-Metastatic EffectsIn Vivo. J Med Food 2013; 16:9-19. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - So-Young Kim
- Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), Rural Development Administration, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Zhao X, Wang Q, Qian Y, Pang L. Cassia tora L. (Jue-ming-zi) has anticancer activity in TCA8113 cells in vitro and exerts anti-metastatic effects in vivo. Oncol Lett 2012; 5:1036-1042. [PMID: 23426077 PMCID: PMC3576362 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cassia tora L. (Jue-ming-zi) is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used in East Asia. The in vitro anticancer effects of Jue-ming-zi were evaluated in TCA8113 human tongue carcinoma cells using a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. At a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml, Cassia tora L. inhibited the growth of TCA8113 cells by 72%; this inhibiton was greater than that by 0.5 and 0.25 mg/ml Cassia tora L. (43 and 16%, respectively). To elucidate the inhibitory mechanisms underlying the anticancer effect of Cassia tora L. in cancer cells, the expression of genes associated with apoptosis, inflammation and metastasis were measured using RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Cassia tora L. significantly induced apoptosis in cancer cells (P<0.05) by upregulating Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9, and by downregulating Bcl-2. The expression of genes associated with inflammation, including NF-κB, iNOS and COX-2, was significantly downregulated (P<0.05) by Cassia tora L., demonstrating its anti-inflammatory properties. Cassia tora L. also exerted a significant anti-metastatic effect on cancer cells as demonstrated by decreased mRNA expression of matrix metalloprotease (MMP) genes and increased expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and as confirmed by the inhibition of induced tumor metastasis induced in 26-M3.1 colon cells in BALB/c mice. Our results demonstrated that Cassia tora L. exhibited the most potent in vitro anticancer effects, induced apoptosis, had anti-inflammatory activities and exerted in vivo anti-metastatic effects. Additionally, the anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-metastatic effects of the higher Cassia tora L. concentrations were stronger compared with those of the lower Cassia tora L. concentrations tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067
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Li J, Jia L, Zhao P, Jiang Y, Zhong S, Chen D. Stable knockdown of clusterin by vectorbased RNA interference in a human breast cancer cell line inhibits tumour cell invasion and metastasis. J Int Med Res 2012; 40:545-55. [PMID: 22613415 DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Overexpression of the clusterin (CLU) gene occurs in breast cancer and is associated with lymph node metastasis. The present study explored the effect of CLU silencing on invasion and metastasis, and the relationship between CLU expression and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) / matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP) signalling pathway in human breast cancer cells. METHODS A pcDNA3.1-based RNA interference approach was used to knockdown the CLU gene in MDA-231 cells (MDA-231-CLUi); control MDA-231 cells were transfected with an empty vector (MDA-231-Vec). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to assess CLU and MMP-9 mRNA levels, and Western blotting was used to analyse CLU, MMP-9 and ERK protein levels. Metastatic potential was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models of invasion and metastasis. RESULTS Compared with MDA-231-Vec cells, the MDA-231-CLUi cells demonstrated reduced migration and invasion in vitro and decreased metastatic potential in vivo. Reintroduction and reexpression of the CLU gene into the MDA-231-CLUi cells restored the invasive phenotype. MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels were reduced in MDA-231-CLUi cells, and there was a correlation between activated ERK and CLU and MMP-9 protein levels. CONCLUSION CLU may regulate the aggressive behaviour of human breast cancer cells through modulation of ERK signalling and MMP9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Centre of Breast Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University Medical College, QingDao University, QingDao, China
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Katunina AI, Gershtein ES, Ermilova VD, Tereshkina IV, Nazarenko AY, Tyleuova AA, Dvorova EK, Karabekova ZK, Gritskevich MV, Berezov TT. Matrix metalloproteinases 2, 7, and 9 in tumors and sera of patients with breast cancer. Bull Exp Biol Med 2012; 151:359-62. [PMID: 22451887 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-011-1330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme immunoassay showed that the content of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 7 in tumors was higher than in the adjacent histologically intact tissue in 91 and 76% patients with breast cancer, respectively, while MMP-9 levels in the tumor and intact tissue were virtually the same. Serum concentrations of MMP-2 and MMP-7 did not correlate with their levels in the tumors, were within the normal range, and virtually did not decrease after removal of the primary tumor. Serum levels of MMP-9 in patients were significantly lower than in the control and increased after surgery in 85% patients. No clear-cut relationship between the studied parameters and clinical morphological prognostic factors of breast cancer was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Katunina
- N. N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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40
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Walsh LA, Cepeda MA, Damjanovski S. Analysis of the MMP-dependent and independent functions of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 on the invasiveness of breast cancer cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2012; 6:87-95. [PMID: 22227894 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-011-0157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are secreted endopeptidases that play an essential role in remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM). MMPs are primarily active during development, when the majority of ECM remodeling events occurs. In adults, elevated MMP activity has been observed in many pathological conditions such as cancer and osteoarthritis. The proteolytic activity of MMPs is controlled by their natural inhibitors - the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). In addition to blocking MMP-mediated proteolysis, TIMPs have a number of MMP-independent functions including binding to cell surface proteins thereby stimulating signaling cascades. TIMP-2, the most studied member of the family, can both inhibit and activate MMPs directly, as well as inhibit MMP activity indirectly by upregulating expression of RECK, a membrane anchored MMP regulator. While TIMP-2 has been shown to play important roles in breast cancer, we describe how the MMP-independent effects of TIMP-2 can modulate the invasiveness of MCF-7, T47D and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Using an ALA + TIMP-2 mutant which is devoid of MMP inhibition, but still capable of initiating specific cell signaling cascades, we show that TIMP-2 can differentially affect MMP activity and cellular invasiveness in both an MMP dependent and independent manner. More specifically, MMP activity and invasiveness is increased with the addition of exogenous TIMP-2 in poorly invasive cell lines whereas it is decreased in highly invasive cells lines (MDA-MB-231). Conversely, the addition of ALA + TIMP-2 resulted in decreased invasiveness regardless of cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan A Walsh
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A5B7, Canada,
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Sims JD, McCready J, Jay DG. Extracellular heat shock protein (Hsp)70 and Hsp90α assist in matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation and breast cancer cell migration and invasion. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18848. [PMID: 21533148 PMCID: PMC3077417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is second only to lung cancer in cancer-related deaths in women, and the majority of these deaths are caused by metastases. Obtaining a better understanding of migration and invasion, two early steps in metastasis, is critical for the development of treatments that inhibit breast cancer metastasis. In a functional proteomic screen for proteins required for invasion, extracellular heat shock protein 90 alpha (Hsp90α) was identified and shown to activate matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2). The mechanism of MMP-2 activation by Hsp90α is unknown. Intracellular Hsp90α commonly functions with a complex of co-chaperones, leading to our hypothesis that Hsp90α functions similarly outside of the cell. In this study, we show that a complex of co-chaperones outside of breast cancer cells assists Hsp90α mediated activation of MMP-2. We demonstrate that the co-chaperones Hsp70, Hop, Hsp40, and p23 are present outside of breast cancer cells and co-immunoprecipitate with Hsp90α in vitro and in breast cancer conditioned media. These co-chaperones also increase the association of Hsp90α and MMP-2 in vitro. This co-chaperone complex enhances Hsp90α-mediated activation of MMP-2 in vitro, while inhibition of Hsp70 in conditioned media reduces this activation and decreases cancer cell migration and invasion. Together, these findings support a model in which MMP-2 activation by an extracellular co-chaperone complex mediated by Hsp90α increases breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Our studies provide insight into a novel pathway for MMP-2 activation and suggest Hsp70 as an additional extracellular target for anti-metastatic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D. Sims
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jessica McCready
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel G. Jay
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Muscella A, Calabriso N, Vetrugno C, Urso L, Fanizzi FP, De Pascali SA, Marsigliante S. Sublethal concentrations of the platinum(II) complex [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)] alter the motility and induce anoikis in MCF-7 cells. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 160:1362-77. [PMID: 20590627 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00782.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We showed previously that a new Pt(II) complex ([Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)]) exerted high and fast apoptotic processes in MCF-7 cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)] is also able to exert anoikis and alter the migration ability of MCF-7 cells, and to show some of the signalling events leading to these alterations. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cells were treated with sublethal doses of [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)], and the efficiency of colony initiation and anchorage-independent growth was assayed; cell migration was examined by in vitro culture wounding assay. Gelatin zymography for MMP-2 and -9 activities, Western blottings of MMPs, MAPKs, Src, PKC-epsilon and FAK, after [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)] treatment, were also performed. KEY RESULTS Sub-cytotoxic drug concentrations decreased the: (i) anchorage-dependent and -independent growth; (ii) migration ability; and (iii) expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)] provoked the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the activation of p38MAPK, Src and PKC-epsilon. p38MAPK phosphorylation, cell anoikis and migration due to [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)] were blocked by PKC-epsilon inhibition. Furthermore, Src inhibition blocked the [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)]-provoked activation of PKC-epsilon, while ROS generation blockage inhibited the activation of Src, and also the decrement of phosphorylated FAK observed in detached [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)]-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Sublethal concentrations of [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)] induced anoikis and prevented events leading to metastasis via alterations in cell migration, anchorage independency, stromal interactions and MMP activity. Hence, [Pt(O,O'-acac)(gamma-acac)(DMS)] may be a promising therapeutic agent for preventing growth and metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Muscella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Maity G, Choudhury PR, Sen T, Ganguly KK, Sil H, Chatterjee A. Culture of human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) on fibronectin-coated surface induces pro-matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and activity. Tumour Biol 2010; 32:129-38. [PMID: 20821288 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-010-0106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction between cell surface integrin receptors with extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in cell survival, proliferation, and migration including tumor development and invasion. Binding of ECM to integrins initiates intracellular signaling cascades, modulating expression and activity of different matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which is important in ECM degradation. The present study investigates fibronectin-integrin-mediated signaling and thereby modulation of MMPs expression and activity in human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. Culture of MDA-MB-231 cells on fibronectin (FN) induced expression and activity of pro-matrixmetalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Appreciable reduction of FN-induced pro-MMP-9 activity was observed in anti-α5 antibody treated cells. Inhibitor studies revealed that inhibitors of phosphatidyl inositiol-3-kinase (PI-3K), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) inhibited FN-induced pro-MMP-9 activity. FN increased tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), integrin linked kinase (ILK), and PI-3K in MDA-MB-231 cells. FN-induced the transactivation of MMP-9 promoter by enhancing DNA binding activity of NF-κB and Sp1. Wound healing assay showed faster migration of MDA-MB-231cells grown on fibronectin-coated as surface as compared to control. Our findings indicated that culture of MDA-MB-231 on fibronectin perhaps send signals via fibronectin-integrin-mediated signaling pathways recruiting FAK, PI-3K, ILK, NF-κB, and modulate expression and activation of pro-MMP-9. These observations may enrich fundamental aspects of cancer biology especially role of α5β1 integrin in regulation of MMPs expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Maity
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India
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Köhrmann A, Kammerer U, Kapp M, Dietl J, Anacker J. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in primary human breast cancer and breast cancer cell lines: New findings and review of the literature. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:188. [PMID: 19531263 PMCID: PMC2706257 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of structural and functional related endopeptidases. They play a crucial role in tumor invasion and building of metastatic formations because of their ability to degrade extracellular matrix proteins. Under physiological conditions their activity is precisely regulated in order to prevent tissue disruption. This physiological balance seems to be disrupted in cancer making tumor cells capable of invading the tissue. In breast cancer different expression levels of several MMPs have been found. METHODS To fill the gap in our knowledge about MMP expression in breast cancer, we analyzed the expression of all known human MMPs in a panel of twenty-five tissue samples (five normal breast tissues, ten grade 2 (G2) and ten grade 3 (G3) breast cancer tissues). As we found different expression levels for several MMPs in normal breast and breast cancer tissue as well as depending on tumor grade, we additionally analyzed the expression of MMPs in four breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, BT 20, ZR 75/1) commonly used in research. The results could thus be used as model for further studies on human breast cancer. Expression analysis was performed on mRNA and protein level using semiquantitative RT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS In summary, we identified several MMPs (MMP-1, -2, -8, -9, -10, -11, -12, -13, -15, -19, -23, -24, -27 and -28) with a stronger expression in breast cancer tissue compared to normal breast tissue. Of those, expression of MMP-8, -10, -12 and -27 is related to tumor grade since it is higher in analyzed G3 compared to G2 tissue samples. In contrast, MMP-7 and MMP-27 mRNA showed a weaker expression in tumor samples compared to healthy tissue. In addition, we demonstrated that the four breast cancer cell lines examined, are constitutively expressing a wide variety of MMPs. Of those, MDA-MB-468 showed the strongest mRNA and protein expression for most of the MMPs analyzed. CONCLUSION MMP-1, -2, -8, -9, -10, -11, -12, -13, -15, -19, -23, -24, -27 and -28 might thus be associated with breast cancer development and tumor progression. Therefore, these MMPs are proper candidates for further functional analysis of their role in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Köhrmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 4, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kammerer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 4, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Kapp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 4, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Dietl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 4, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jelena Anacker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 4, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Activation of the calcium-sensing receptor by high calcium induced breast cancer cell proliferation and TRPC1 cation channel over-expression potentially through EGFR pathways. Arch Biochem Biophys 2009; 486:58-63. [PMID: 19332022 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2009.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Revised: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The calcium sensing receptor (CaR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is activated by extracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](o)). In MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, we previously reported that treatment with [Ca(2+)](o) for 24h leads to an over-expression of the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 1 (TRPC1) cation channel and cell proliferation. Both involve the extracellular signal-regulated Kinases 1 & 2 (ERK1/2). MCF-7 also expressed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which is involved in cell proliferation through ERK1/2. Therefore, we investigated the cross-talk between CaR and EGFR in mediating ERK1/2 phosphorylation, TRPC1 over-expression and cell proliferation. Our data show that both high [Ca(2+)](o) and EGF phosphorylate ERK1/2. Furthermore, inhibition of EGFR kinase and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) reduced the overall effects mediated by [Ca(2+)](o) such as activation of ERK1/2, expression of TRPC1 and cell proliferation. They indicate the important role of the CaR-EGFR-ERK axis in transmitting mitogenic signals generated by high [Ca(2+)](o) in MCF-7 cells.
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Eiseler T, Döppler H, Yan IK, Goodison S, Storz P. Protein kinase D1 regulates matrix metalloproteinase expression and inhibits breast cancer cell invasion. Breast Cancer Res 2009; 11:R13. [PMID: 19243594 PMCID: PMC2687718 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Revised: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The biological and molecular events that regulate the invasiveness of breast tumour cells need to be further revealed to develop effective therapies that stop breast cancer from expanding and metastasising. METHODS Human tissue samples of invasive breast cancer and normal breast, as well as breast cancer cell lines, were evaluated for protein kinase D (PKD) expression, to test if altered expression could serve as a marker for invasive breast cancer. We further utilised specific PKD1-shRNA and a system to inducibly-express PKD1 to analyse the role of PKD1 in the invasive behaviour of breast cancer cell lines in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture. Invasive behaviour in breast cancer cell lines has been linked to matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), so we also determined if PKD1 regulates the expression and activity of these enzymes. RESULTS We found that the serine/threonine kinase, PKD1, is highly expressed in ductal epithelial cells of normal human breast tissue, but is reduced in its expression in more than 95% of all analysed samples of human invasive breast tumours. Additionally, PKD1 is not expressed in highly invasive breast cancer cell lines, whereas non-invasive or very low-invasive breast cancer cell lines express PKD1. Our results further implicate that in MDA-MB-231 cells PKD1 expression is blocked by epigenetic silencing via DNA methylation. The re-expression of constitutively-active PKD1 in MDA-MB-231 cells drastically reduced their ability to invade in 2D and 3D cell culture. Moreover, MCF-7 cells acquired the ability to invade in 2D and 3D cell culture when PKD1 expression was knocked-down by shRNA. PKD1 also regulated the expression of breast cancer cell MMPs, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-13, MMP-14 and MMP-15, providing a potential mechanism for PKD1 mediation of the invasive phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify decreased expression of the PKD1 as a marker for invasive breast cancer. They further suggest that the loss of PKD1 expression increases the malignant potential of breast cancer cells. This may be due to the function of PKD1 as a negative regulator of MMP expression. Our data suggest re-expression of PKD1 as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Western
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Culture Techniques
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Immunoprecipitation
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Protein Kinase C/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Spheroids, Cellular
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Eiseler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Griffin Building, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Heike Döppler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Griffin Building, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Irene K Yan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Griffin Building, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Steve Goodison
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, 653 West 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Peter Storz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Griffin Building, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Griffin Room 306, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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Cheah YH, Nordin FJ, Sarip R, Tee TT, Azimahtol HLP, Sirat HM, Rashid BAA, Abdullah NR, Ismail Z. Combined xanthorrhizol-curcumin exhibits synergistic growth inhibitory activity via apoptosis induction in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Cancer Cell Int 2009; 9:1. [PMID: 19118501 PMCID: PMC2630298 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-9-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 01/02/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has been suggested that combined effect of natural products may improve the treatment effectiveness in combating proliferation of cancer cells. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possibility that the combination of xanthorrhizol and curcumin might show synergistic growth inhibitory effect towards MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells via apoptosis induction. The effective dose that produced 50% growth inhibition (GI50) was calculated from the log dose-response curve of fixed-combinations of xanthorrhizol and curcumin generated from the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The experimental GI50 value was used to determine the synergistic activity of the combination treatment by isobolographic analysis and combination-index method. Further investigation of mode of cell death induced by the combination treatment was conducted in the present study. Results Isobole analysis revealed that substances interaction was synergistic when xanthorrhizol and curcumin were added concurrently to the cultures but merely additive when they were added sequentially. The synergistic combination treatment was then applied to the cultures to investigate the mode of cell death induced by the treatment. Immunofluorescence staining using antibody MitoCapture™ revealed the possibility of altered mitochondrial transmembrane potential, which is one of the hallmark of apoptosis. Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining assay showed the rate of apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells to increase in response to the treatment. Apoptotic cell death was further confirmed by DNA fragmentation assay, where internucleosomal excision of DNA was induced upon treatment with xanthorrhizol-curcumin. Conclusion This is the first time the combined cytotoxic effect of xanthorrhizol and curcumin on MDA-MB-231 cells has been documented and our findings provide experimental support to the hypothesis that combined xanthorrhizol-curcumin showed synergistic growth inhibitory activity on MDA-MB-231 cells via apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yew Hoong Cheah
- Bioassay Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fariza Juliana Nordin
- Bioassay Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rozie Sarip
- Bioassay Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thiam Tsui Tee
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hawariah Lope Pihie Azimahtol
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah M Sirat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 80310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Amini Abd Rashid
- Phytochemistry Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Rain Abdullah
- Bioassay Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zakiah Ismail
- Bioassay Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Choi YH, Choi WY, Hong SH, Kim SO, Kim GY, Lee WH, Yoo YH. Anti-invasive activity of sanguinarine through modulation of tight junctions and matrix metalloproteinase activities in MDA-MB-231 human breast carcinoma cells. Chem Biol Interact 2008; 179:185-91. [PMID: 19063874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Revised: 11/08/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are critical structures for the maintenance of cellular polarity, acting as paracellular permeability barriers and playing an essential role in regulation of the diffusion of fluid, electrolytes and macromolecules through the paracellular pathway. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated as possible mediators of invasiveness and metastasis in some cancers. In this study, it was investigated the effect of sanguinarine, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid, on the correlation between the tightening of TJs and the anti-invasive activity in human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells. The inhibitory effects of sanguinarine on cell proliferation, motility and invasiveness were found to be associated with the increased tightness of the TJ, which was demonstrated by an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Additionally, immunoblotting results indicated that sanguinarine repressed the levels of the claudin proteins, major components of TJs that play a key role in the control and selectivity of paracellular transport. Furthermore, the activities of MMP-2 and -9 in MDA-MB-231 cells were dose-dependently inhibited by treatment with sanguinarine, and this was also correlated with a decrease in the expression of their mRNA and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine, Busan 614-052, South Korea.
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Ooi GJ, Fox J, Siu K, Lewis R, Bambery KR, McNaughton D, Wood BR. Fourier transform infrared imaging and small angle x-ray scattering as a combined biomolecular approach to diagnosis of breast cancer. Med Phys 2008; 35:2151-61. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2890391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Zhang B, Cao X, Liu Y, Cao W, Zhang F, Zhang S, Li H, Ning L, Fu L, Niu Y, Niu R, Sun B, Hao X. Tumor-derived matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) correlates with poor prognoses of invasive breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2008; 8:83. [PMID: 18373849 PMCID: PMC2362123 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Experimental evidence suggests that matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) protein may promote breast tumor progression. However, its relevance to the progression of human breast cancer is yet to be established. Furthermore, it is not clear whether MMP-13 can be used as an independent breast cancer biomarker. This study was conducted to assess the expression profile of MMP-13 protein in invasive breast carcinomas to determine its diagnostic and prognostic significance, as well as its correlation with other biomarkers including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Her-2/neu, MMP-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 and -2 (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2). Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue microarray containing specimens from 263 breast carcinomas. The intensity and the extent of IHC were scored by pathologists in blind fashion. The correlation of the gene expression profiles with patients' clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes were analyzed for statistical significance. Results MMP-13 protein was detected in the cytoplasm of the malignant cells and the peritumoral stromal cells. MMP-13 expression by tumor cells (p < 0.001) and stromal fibroblasts (p <0.001) both correlated with carcinoma infiltration of lymph nodes. MMP-13 also correlated with the expression of Her-2/neu (p = 0.015) and TIMP-1 (p < 0.010), respectively in tumor cells. Tumor-derived, but not stromal fibroblast-derived, MMP-13 correlated with aggressive tumor phenotypes. Moreover, high levels of MMP-13 expression were associated with decreased overall survival. In parallel, the prognostic value of MMP-13 expressed by peritumoral fibroblasts seems less significant. Our data suggest that lymph node status, tumor size, Her-2/neu expression, TIMP-1 and MMP-13 expression in cancer cells are independent prognostic factors. Conclusion Tumor-derived, but not stromal fibroblast-derived, MMP-13 correlated with aggressive tumor phenotypes, and inversely correlated with the overall survival of breast cancer patients. MMP-13 may serve as an independent prognostic factor for invasive breast cancer patients. MMP-13 may be particularly useful as a prognostic marker when evaluated along with Her-2/neu and lymph node status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital (TJMUCIH), Tianjin, PR China.
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