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Krémer V, de Chaisemartin L, Jönsson F. The role of neutrophils in antibody-driven autoimmune cytopenias. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 147:106231. [PMID: 35644471 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune cytopenias are a consequence of autoantibodies that target blood cell lineages and mark them for their accelerated destruction, mostly through phagocytosis by monocytes and macrophages and complement activation. Neutrophils, although equipped with Fc and complement receptors and effector mechanisms that are critical in other autoimmune conditions, remained long overlooked. Recent reports, however, propose a new and possibly critical role of neutrophils. In this review, we gathered available evidence on the contribution of neutrophils to the development, onset, and consequences of autoantibody-dependent cytopenias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Krémer
- Institut Pasteur, Université́ Paris Cité, Inserm UMR1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, F-75015 Paris, France; Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Luc de Chaisemartin
- Institut Pasteur, Université́ Paris Cité, Inserm UMR1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, F-75015 Paris, France; Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Châtenay-Malabry, France; APHP, Bichat Hospital, Immunology Department, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Friederike Jönsson
- Institut Pasteur, Université́ Paris Cité, Inserm UMR1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, F-75015 Paris, France; CNRS, F-75015 Paris, France
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Anguiano-Álvarez VM, Hernández-Company A, Hamdan-Pérez N, Montante-M D, Zúñiga-Tamayo DA, Rodríguez-Rodríguez S, Pomerantz A, Tuna-Aguilar EJ. Splenic myeloid metaplasia in warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA): a retrospective study. Blood Res 2018; 53:35-40. [PMID: 29662860 PMCID: PMC5898992 DOI: 10.5045/br.2018.53.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Splenic myeloid metaplasia (SMM) is a kind of extramedullary hematopoiesis, whereas its clinical significance in wAIHA remains unclear. The aim of this study is evaluating the frequency and clinical characteristics of SMM, compared with splenic-congestion (SC). Methods We included patients with wAIHA treated in a Mexican tertiary hospital between January 1992 and December 2015. All patients received steroids as first-line treatment and splenectomy as second-line treatment. Results Among the thirty-six splenectomized patients, 15 (41.6%) and 21 (58.4%) were diagnosed as SMM and SC, respectively. No differences were found in clinical characteristics between two groups. SMM patients showed lower platelet count (147×109/L vs. 240×109/L, P=0.02) and higher presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies (40% vs. 4.7%, P=0.01) than SC patients. Although the complete response (CR) rate with first-line treatment was lower in SMM patients (13.3% vs. 47.6%; P=0.04), post-splenectomy median disease-free-survival (DFS) was longer (16.2 mo vs. 5.1 mo; P=0.19). Univariate/multivariate analysis showed that achieving CR during first-line treatment (OR 0.3, 95% CI: 0.03–0.94, P=0.03) and higher platelet count (OR 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98–0.99, P=0.03) were protective factors for SMM; and anti-dsDNA titer higher than 9.6 IU/dL was a risk factor for SMM (OR 2.76, 95% CI: 1.48–5.14, P<0.001). Conclusion The wAIHA patients with SMM have different biological profiles with those without SMM. This study is the first trial evaluating the significance of histopathological spleen findings and their association with rheumatologic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Manuel Anguiano-Álvarez
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México City, México
| | - Alonso Hernández-Company
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México City, México
| | - Nashla Hamdan-Pérez
- Médica Sur Foundation and Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México City, México
| | - Daniel Montante-M
- Pathology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México City, México
| | - Diego A Zúñiga-Tamayo
- Pathology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México City, México
| | - Sergio Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México City, México
| | - Alan Pomerantz
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México City, México
| | - Elena J Tuna-Aguilar
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México City, México
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Abdullatif H, Mohsen N, El-Sayed R, El-Mougy F, El-Karaksy H. Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis presenting as neonatal liver failure: A case series. Arab J Gastroenterol 2016; 17:105-9. [PMID: 27397412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome with liver involvement varying from mild dysfunction to severe fulminant failure. The aim of this study was to present a case series of four HLH patients presenting with acute liver failure (ALF) in the neonatal period. PATIENTS AND METHODS All four patients were neonates at the onset of symptoms. They presented to Cairo University Pediatric Hospital with ALF; they underwent prompt investigations including determination of ferritin, fibrinogen, and triglyceride levels as part of our ALF workup. Further investigations were tailored according to the associated clinical features and the results of preliminary investigations. RESULTS HLH was diagnosed according to HLH-2004 criteria. Three patients fulfilled at least five out of eight criteria. Fever, splenomegaly, elevated ferritin levels, and low fibrinogen levels were present in all patients. The fourth patient had a serum ferritin level >10,000ng/ml, favouring the diagnosis of HLH, despite fulfilling only four out of eight criteria. For three patients, positive consanguinity and previous sibling death were reported, suggesting a genetic aetiology of HLH. CONCLUSION ALF can be the presenting feature of HLH; thus, a high index of suspicion is necessary. Fever is a hallmark, especially in neonates. Diagnosis is important for this potentially treatable condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Abdullatif
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasr Alainy Medical School, Cairo University, El Saray Street, El Manial, Cairo 11956, Egypt.
| | - Nabil Mohsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasr Alainy Medical School, Cairo University, El Saray Street, El Manial, Cairo 11956, Egypt.
| | - Rokaya El-Sayed
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasr Alainy Medical School, Cairo University, El Saray Street, El Manial, Cairo 11956, Egypt.
| | - Fatma El-Mougy
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Alainy Medical School, Cairo University, El Saray Street, El Manial, Cairo 11956, Egypt.
| | - Hanaa El-Karaksy
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasr Alainy Medical School, Cairo University, El Saray Street, El Manial, Cairo 11956, Egypt.
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Robier C, Klescher D, Reicht G, Amouzadeh-Ghadikolai O, Quehenberger F, Neubauer M. Dacryocytes are a common morphologic feature of autoimmune and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 53:1073-6. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2014-0936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDacryocytes are teardrop-shaped erythrocytes which are most frequently observed in peripheral blood smears of patients with primary or secondary myelofibrosis as well as malignant infiltrative disorders of the bone marrow. Dacryocytes have rarely been described in blood smears of patients with autoimmune (AIHA) and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA). The clear prevalence of dacryocytes in AIHA and MAHA is unknown.We compared the dacryocyte counts in blood smears stained according to the May-Grünwald-Giemsa technique between 20 subjects with AIHA and MAHA with those from 21 controls. The dacryocytes, defined as erythrocytes tapered to a point at one end, were counted as cells per 20 high power fields (HPF) at 630-fold magnification.In AIHA, MAHA and controls, dacryocytes were found in 89%, 91% and 19% of the slides, respectively. The rate of dacryocyte positivity and the dacryocyte counts between haemolytic anaemias and controls differed statistically highly significant (p<0.0001).The results of this study indicate that dacryocytes are commonly apparent in blood smears of patients with AIHA and MAHA. Knowledge of this frequent feature may be beneficial in clinical routine diagnosis.
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Wang Y, Juan LV, Ma X, Wang D, Ma H, Chang Y, Nie G, Jia L, Duan X, Liang XJ. Specific hemosiderin deposition in spleen induced by a low dose of cisplatin: altered iron metabolism and its implication as an acute hemosiderin formation model. Curr Drug Metab 2011; 11:507-15. [PMID: 20540689 DOI: 10.2174/138920010791636149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the commonly-used chemotherapeutic drugs to efficiently treat malignant tumors in clinic, however, the adverse effects of cisplatin such as nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and hemolytic uremic syndrome are often observed at its clinical doses (approximately 60 mg/m(2)), which limit its broader application. In earlier studies, little attention was paid to the subtle changes in the architecture of lymphatic organs after low doses of cisplatin treatment. This paper reviews current understanding of cisplatin-induced erythrocyte injury, and presents our latest finding that a low dose of cisplatin (3.6 mg/m(2)/day, 14 days) could induce specific hemosiderin deposition in spleen of both normal and hepatoma-22 (H22) inoculated Balb/C mice. This dose of cisplatin significantly inhibited H22-induced acute ascites development. No significant toxicity was induced by this dose of cisplatin to tissues except for hemosiderin accumulation in the spleen of both normal and H22 tumor-bearing mice. Increased splenic iron content and erythrocyte injury were observed after treatment with the low dose of cisplatin. The mRNA levels of ferroportin (FPN1) and ferritin were upregulated by 25 and 5-fold in spleen, respectively. Overexpression of FPN1 and ferritin protein were also been observed at protein levels by Western blotting analysis. In addition, the mRNA expression of hepcidin was also increased, suggesting blockage of iron recycling through FPN1 in spleen with cisplatin treatment. In conclusion, cisplatin treatment damages the erythrocytes which accumulate in the red pulp of spleen with defective recycling of FPN1 and ferritin protein. Hepcidin inhibits the function of FPN1 as iron-exporter leading to iron overloaded inside ferritins of splenic cells, which are stained with abnormal hemosiderin accumulation. These results demonstrate that cisplatin-caused hemosiderin deposition in spleen provides a valuable clue for understanding the molecular basis of toxicity of cisplatin and hemosiderin accumulation and iron metabolism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingze Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050016, PR China
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Rüdiger T, Hartmann M, Adam P, Müller-Hermelink HK, Marx A. [Splenic vascular disturbances]. DER PATHOLOGE 2008; 29:115-20. [PMID: 18256836 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-008-0974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Splenic vascular disturbances mainly affect the red pulp and can involve the venous or arterial blood flow. The venous blood flow may be impaired by congestion and morphologically shows dilated splenic sinuses. Disturbances of the arterial blood flow may occur in connection with anomalies of the erythrocyte membrane or in immune haemolysis and usually are characterized by narrow splenic sinuses. Infarction of the spleen is usually caused by arterial embolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rüdiger
- Institut für Pathologie, Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe
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Yilmaz S, Duman N, Ozer E, Kavas N, Oren H, Demircioğlu F, Kumral A, Ozkan H, Irken G, Ozer E. A case of rhesus hemolytic disease with hemophagocytosis and severe iron overload due to multiple transfusions. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2006; 28:290-2. [PMID: 16772878 DOI: 10.1097/01.mph.0000212906.07018.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A newborn with cholestatic hepatic disease and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to rhesus hemolytic disease (RHD) is reported. OBSERVATION A 34 weeks' gestation baby with RHD, who had received multiple intrauterine transfusions (IUT), developed cholestatic hepatic disease and secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Her serum ferritin level increased to 5,527 ng/mL, and liver biopsy showed severe iron overload. Treatment with intravenous desferrioxamine resulted in a marked decrease in serum ferritin levels and normalization of liver function CONCLUSION We suggest that patients who have undergone IUT be evaluated for hyperferritinemia. If hyperferritinemia is noted, chelation therapy should be considered. As another rare finding, HLH can complicate the course of RHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebnem Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
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Parizhskaya M, Reyes J, Jaffe R. Hemophagocytic syndrome presenting as acute hepatic failure in two infants: clinical overlap with neonatal hemochromatosis. Pediatr Dev Pathol 1999; 2:360-6. [PMID: 10347280 DOI: 10.1007/s100249900135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Two patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis who presented with acute liver failure are reported. Both presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, markedly elevated liver function tests, abnormal coagulation profiles, and an increase in serum ferritin. Both infants were diagnosed with neonatal hemochromatosis based on a clinical picture of hepatic insufficiency with hyperferritinemia and were referred for liver transplantation. The first patient died of liver failure and septicemia before transplantation. Review of autopsy material revealed a hepatitis-like pattern and extensive infiltration of liver and other organs including bone marrow by histiocytes, some of which were hemophagocytic. The second patient underwent liver transplantation but died 44 days thereafter from progressive hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Examination of the resected liver demonstrated a hepatitis-like pattern, proliferation of histiocytes, and hemophagocytosis, and the bone marrow revealed hemophagocytic histiocytosis. Hemophagocytosis recurred in the allograft. Hepatic manifestations are common in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and overt hepatic failure may occur, but initial presentation as fulminant hepatic failure is not well recognized. Elevated serum ferritin can make the distinction from neonatal hemochromatosis and other forms of neonatal liver failure difficult. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neonatal liver disease, especially when it is accompanied by cytopenias.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Parizhskaya
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 3705 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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