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Critical review on chemical compositions and health-promoting effects of mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:2190-2203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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2
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Murugesan AK, Gunasagaran KS. Purification and characterization of a synergistic bioactive lectin from Pleurotus flabellatus (PFL-L) with potent antibacterial and in-vitro radical scavenging activity. Anal Biochem 2021; 635:114450. [PMID: 34767809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lectin is a carbohydrate-binding protein, which exhibits a plethora of biological properties such as antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. In the present study, lectin, with an antibacterial and antioxidant potential, was purified from the oyster mushroom Pleurotus flabellatus. The P. flabellatus Lectin (PFL-L) was purified by using a DEAE - cellulose anion exchange chromatography followed by gel-filtration chromatography. The PFL-L was characterized by CD, HPLC, and MALDI-TOF/MS. The purity of PFL-L increased to 62.40% with the recovery of hemagglutinating activity (HA) by 12.12%. On SDS - PAGE, the PFL-L gave a single band of 18 kDa. PFL-L, consisting of d-galactose, exhibits a strong hemagglutinating activity. It was stable at pH (6.0-7.5) and temperature (10-20 °C) in addition to having extensive hemagglutinating activity. PFL-L enhanced the HA with the use of different metal ions namely Mg2+, Ca2+, and Fe2+. The study of bacterial growth inhibition led to the inference that the PFL-L was more potent against gram-negative bacteria. PFL-L showed the highest radical scavenging activity for the DPPH assay at 100 μg/mL (89.9 ± 2.53%). The highest antioxidant activities with IC50 values (for DPPH assay) of 53.96 μg/mL were determined for PFL-L and the present study shows that lectin from P. flabellatus manifested distinctive character and potentially exploitable activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arul Kumar Murugesan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Pin Code - 600025, India; Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchrappalli, Pin Code - 620024, India.
| | - Karuna Sagaran Gunasagaran
- Environment Information System (ENVIS-Centre), Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Pin Code - 600025, India
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El-Maradny YA, El-Fakharany EM, Abu-Serie MM, Hashish MH, Selim HS. Lectins purified from medicinal and edible mushrooms: Insights into their antiviral activity against pathogenic viruses. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 179:239-258. [PMID: 33676978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For thousands of years, fungi have been a valuable and promising source of therapeutic agents for treatment of various diseases. Mushroom is a macrofungus which has been cultivated worldwide for its nutritional value and medicinal applications. Several bioactive molecules were extracted from mushroom such as polysaccharides, lectins and terpenoids. Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins with non-immunologic origin. Lectins were classified according to their structure, origin and sugar specificity. This protein has different binding specificity with surface glycan moiety which determines its activity and therapeutic applications. A wide range of medicinal activities such as antitumor, antiviral, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and antidiabetic were reported from sugar-binding proteins. However, glycan-binding protein from mushroom is not well explored as antiviral agent. The discovery of novel antiviral agents is a public health emergency to overcome the current pandemic and be ready for the upcoming viral pandemics. The mechanism of action of lectin against viruses targets numerous steps in viral life cycle such as viral attachment, entry and replication. This review described the history, classification, purification techniques, structure-function relationship and different therapeutic applications of mushroom lectin. In addition, we focus on the antiviral activity, purification and physicochemical characteristics of some mushroom lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra A El-Maradny
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt; Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona H Hashish
- Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba S Selim
- Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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4
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Suzuki T. Genetic sequence analysis and characterization of bioactive compounds in mushroom-forming fungi. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:8-12. [PMID: 33577662 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Mushroom-forming fungi produce unique bioactive compounds that have potential applications as medicines, supplements, and agrochemicals. Thus, it is necessary to clarify the biosynthetic pathways of these compounds using genome and transcriptome analyses. This review introduces some of our research on bioactive compounds isolated from mushrooms, as well as genetic analysis with next-generation sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Suzuki
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
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5
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Wang Y, Wu B, Shao J, Jia J, Tian Y, Shu X, Ren X, Guan Y. Extraction, purification and physicochemical properties of a novel lectin from Laetiporus sulphureus mushroom. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Diling C, Chaoqun Z, Jian Y, Jian L, Jiyan S, Yizhen X, Guoxiao L. Immunomodulatory Activities of a Fungal Protein Extracted from Hericium erinaceus through Regulating the Gut Microbiota. Front Immunol 2017; 8:666. [PMID: 28713364 PMCID: PMC5492111 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A single-band protein (HEP3) was isolated from Hericium erinaceus using a chemical separation combined with pharmacodynamic evaluation methods. This protein exhibited immunomodulatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages by decreasing the overproduction of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, and downregulating the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factor-κB p65. Further researches revealed that HEP3 could improve the immune system via regulating the composition and metabolism of gut microbiota to activate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells, stimulate the intestinal antigen-presenting cells in high-dose cyclophosphamide-induced immunotoxicity in mice, and play a prebiotic role in the case of excessive antibiotics in inflammatory bowel disease model mice. Aided experiments also showed that HEP3 could be used as an antitumor immune inhibitor in tumor-burdened mice. The results of the present study suggested that fungal protein from H. erinaceus could be used as a drug or functional food ingredient for immunotherapy because of its immunomodulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Diling
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Chaoqun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Su Jiyan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xie Yizhen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Lai Guoxiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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8
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Mushroom lectins: specificity, structure and bioactivity relevant to human disease. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:7802-38. [PMID: 25856678 PMCID: PMC4425051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16047802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are non-immunoglobulin proteins that bind diverse sugar structures with a high degree of selectivity. Lectins play crucial role in various biological processes such as cellular signaling, scavenging of glycoproteins from the circulatory system, cell-cell interactions in the immune system, differentiation and protein targeting to cellular compartments, as well as in host defence mechanisms, inflammation, and cancer. Among all the sources of lectins, plants have been most extensively studied. However, more recently fungal lectins have attracted considerable attention due to their antitumor, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities. Given that only 10% of mushroom species are known and have been taxonomically classified, mushrooms represent an enormous unexplored source of potentially useful and novel lectins. In this review we provide an up-to-date summary on the biochemical, molecular and structural properties of mushroom lectins, as well as their versatile applications specifically focusing on mushroom lectin bioactivity.
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Singh SS, Wang H, Chan YS, Pan W, Dan X, Yin CM, Akkouh O, Ng TB. Lectins from edible mushrooms. Molecules 2014; 20:446-69. [PMID: 25558856 PMCID: PMC6272671 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20010446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are famous for their nutritional and medicinal values and also for the diversity of bioactive compounds they contain including lectins. The present review is an attempt to summarize and discuss data available on molecular weights, structures, biological properties, N-terminal sequences and possible applications of lectins from edible mushrooms. It further aims to update and discuss/examine the recent advancements in the study of these lectins regarding their structures, functions, and exploitable properties. A detailed tabling of all the available data for N-terminal sequences of these lectins is also presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senjam Sunil Singh
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal 795003, India.
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yau Sang Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenliang Pan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiuli Dan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Cui Ming Yin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ouafae Akkouh
- Department of Biology and Medical Laboratory Research, Leiden University of Applied Science, Zernikedreef 11, Leiden 2333 CK, The Netherlands.
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Cui F, Li Y, Yang Y, Sun W, Wu D, Ping L. Changes in chemical components and cytotoxicity at different maturity stages of Pleurotus eryngii fruiting body. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:12631-12640. [PMID: 25483207 DOI: 10.1021/jf5048354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the changes of the chemical components and cytotoxicity potency at 5 developmental stages of Pleurotus eryngii fruiting body. The carbohydrate and protein contents increased along the maturity of fruiting body while fat content decreased. By comparison, the polysaccharide-protein fractions had the highest antiproliferative effect on SGC-7901 and HepG-2 cells in vitro and increasing activity with growing maturity of P. eryngii fruiting body.The maturation process increased the protein content and acid property through the enhanced relative abundance of Asp, Thr, and Glu in polysaccharide-protein fractions. Further purification and electrophoresis identified that the polysaccharide-protein PEG-1with three subunits possibly was the target cytotoxical component. Our findings proved that mature fruiting body of P. eryngii containing these polysaccharide-proteins possessed highly nutritional values and therapeutical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
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11
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Purification, Characterization, and cDNA Cloning of a Lectin from the MushroomPleurocybella porrigens. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 73:702-9. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.80774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Suzuki T, Dohra H, Omae S, Takeshima Y, Choi JH, Hirai H, Kawagishi H. Heterologous expression of a lectin from Pleurocybella porrigens (PPL) in Phanerochaete sordida YK-624. J Microbiol Methods 2014; 100:70-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Production and functional characterization of a novel fungal immunomodulatory protein FIP-SN15 shuffled from two genes of Ganoderma species. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:5967-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Fungi are members of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that include yeasts and molds, as well as the most familiar member, mushrooms. Fungal lectins with unique specificity and structures have been discovered. In general, fungal lectins are classified into specific families based on their amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the approximately 80 types of mushroom and fungal lectins that have been isolated and studied to date. In particular, we have focused on ten fungal lectins (Agaricus bisporus, Agrocybe cylindracea, Aleuria aurantia, Aspergillus oryzae, Clitocybe nebularis, Marasmius oreades, Psathyrella velutina, Rhizopus stolonifer, Pholiota squarrosa, Polyporus squamosus), many of which are commercially available and their properties, sugar-binding specificities, structural grouping into families, and applications for biological research being described. The sialic acid-specific lectins (Agrocybe cylindracea and Polyporus squamosus) and fucose-specific lectins (Aleuria aurantia, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizopus stolonifer, and Pholiota squarrosa) each showed potential for use in identifying sialic acid glycoconjugates and fucose glycoconjugates. Although not much is currently known about fungal lectins compared to animal and plant lectins, the knowledge accumulated thus far shows great promise for several applications in the fields of taxonomy, biomedicine, and molecular and cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kobayashi
- J-Oil Mills Inc., 11, Kagetoricho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0064, Japan,
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Cui F, Zan X, Li Y, Yang Y, Sun W, Zhou Q, Yu S, Dong Y. Purification and partial characterization of a novel anti-tumor glycoprotein from cultured mycelia of Grifola frondosa. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:684-690. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Singh RS, Bhari R, Kaur HP. Mushroom lectins: current status and future perspectives. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2010; 30:99-126. [PMID: 20105049 DOI: 10.3109/07388550903365048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are nonimmune proteins or glycoproteins that bind specifically to cell surface carbohydrates, culminating in cell agglutination. These are known to play key roles in host defense system and also in metastasis. Many new sources have been explored for the occurrence of lectins during the last few years. Numerous novel lectins with unique specificities and exploitable properties have been discovered. Mushrooms have attracted a number of researchers in food and pharmaceuticals. Many species have long been used in traditional Chinese medicines or functional foods in Japan and other Asian countries. A number of bioactive constituents have been isolated from mushrooms including polysaccharides, polysaccharopeptides, polysaccharide-protein complexes, proteases, ribonucleases, ribosome inactivating proteins, antifungal proteins, immunomodulatory proteins, enzymes, lectins, etc. Mushroom lectins are endowed with mitogenic, antiproliferative, antitumor, antiviral, and immune stimulating potential. In this review, an attempt has been made to collate the information on mushroom lectins, their blood group and sugar specificities, with an emphasis on their biomedical potential and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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A novel lectin with antiproliferative and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities from dried fruiting bodies of the monkey head mushroom Hericium erinaceum. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:716515. [PMID: 20625408 PMCID: PMC2896861 DOI: 10.1155/2010/716515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A lectin designated as Hericium erinaceum agglutinin (HEA) was isolated from dried fruiting bodies of the mushroom Hericium erinaceum with a chromatographic procedure which entailed DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose, Q-Sepharose, and FPLC Superdex 75. Its molecular mass was estimated to be 51 kDa and its N-terminal amino acid sequences was distinctly different from those of other isolated mushroom lectins. The hemagglutinating activity of HEA was inhibited at the minimum concentration of 12.5 mM by inulin. The lectin was stable at pH 1.9–12.1 and at temperatures up to 70°C, but was inhibited by Hg2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ ions. The lectin exhibited potent mitogenic activity toward mouse splenocytes, and demonstrated antiproliferative activity toward hepatoma (HepG2) and breast cancer (MCF7) cells with an IC50 of 56.1 μM and 76.5 μM, respectively. It manifested HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 31.7 μM. The lectin exhibited potent mitogenic activity toward murine splenocytes but was devoid of antifungal activity.
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Horibe M, Kobayashi Y, Dohra H, Morita T, Murata T, Usui T, Nakamura-Tsuruta S, Kamei M, Hirabayashi J, Matsuura M, Yamada M, Saikawa Y, Hashimoto K, Nakata M, Kawagishi H. Toxic isolectins from the mushroom Boletus venenatus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:648-657. [PMID: 20096904 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion of the toxic mushroom Boletus venenatus causes a severe gastrointestinal syndrome, such as nausea, repetitive vomiting, diarrhea, and stomachache. A family of isolectins (B. venenatus lectins, BVLs) was isolated as the toxic principles from the mushroom by successive 80% ammonium sulfate-precipitation, Super Q anion-exchange chromatography, and TSK-gel G3000SW gel filtration. Although BVLs showed a single band on SDS-PAGE, they were further divided into eight isolectins (BVL-1 to -8) by BioAssist Q anion-exchange chromatography. All the isolectins showed lectin activity and had very similar molecular weights as detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis. Among them, BVL-1 and -3 were further characterized with their complete amino acid sequences of 99 amino acids determined and found to be identical to each other. In the hemagglutination inhibition assay, both proteins failed to bind to any mono- or oligo-saccharides tested and showed the same sugar-binding specificity to glycoproteins. Among the glycoproteins examined, asialo-fetuin was the strongest inhibitor. The sugar-binding specificity of each isolectin was also analyzed by using frontal affinity chromatography and surface plasmon resonance analysis, indicating that they recognized N-linked sugar chains, especially Galbeta1-->4GlcNAcbeta1-->4Manbeta1-->4GlcNAcbeta1-->4GlcNAc (Type II) residues in N-linked sugar chains. BVLs ingestion resulted in fatal toxicity in mice upon intraperitoneal administration and caused diarrhea upon oral administration in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Horibe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
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Thakur A, Rana M, Lakhanpal TN, Ahmad A, Khan MI. Purification and characterization of lectin from fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2007; 1770:1404-12. [PMID: 17629405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2007.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2007] [Revised: 05/14/2007] [Accepted: 05/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel 114 kDa hexameric lectin was purified from the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum. Biochemical characterization revealed it to be a glycoprotein having 9.3% neutral sugar and it showed hemagglutinating activity on pronase treated human erythrocytes. The lectin was stable in the pH range of 5-9 and temperature up to 50 degrees C. The hemagglutinating activity was inhibited by glycoproteins that possessed N-as well as O-linked glycans. Chemical modification of the G. lucidum lectin revealed contribution of tryptophan and lysine to binding activity. The thermodynamics of binding of bi- and triantennary N-glycans to G. lucidum lectin was studied by spectrofluorimetry. The lectin showed very high affinity for asialo N-linked triantennary glycan and a preference for asialo glycans over sialylated glycans. The binding was accompanied with a large negative change in enthalpy as well as entropy, indicating primarily involvement of polar hydrogen, van der Waals and hydrophobic interactions in the binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Thakur
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
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21
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Liu R, Qi Y, Sun A, Xie H. Isolation and purification of chemical constituents from the pericarp ofSophora japonica L. by chromatography on a 12% cross-linked agarose gel. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:1870-4. [PMID: 17638350 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A chromatographic method using 12% cross-linked agarose gel Superose 12 as the separation medium was developed for isolation and purification of the chemical constituents from the pericarp of Sophora japonica L. The mobile phase used for the separation was 2% acetic acid and 7% acetic acid in gradient elution. As a result, eight compounds including four kinds of flavonoids and four kinds of isoflavonoids were obtained in a one-step separation. A straightforward explanation of the separation mechanism of flavonoids and isoflavonoids on Superose 12 is also given. The flavonoids and isoflavonoids are retained on Superose 12 by a combination of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions between the hydroxyl groups of aglycone and the residues of the cross-linking reagents used in the manufacture of Superose 12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renmin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
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Chumkhunthod P, Rodtong S, Lambert SJ, Fordham-Skelton AP, Rizkallah PJ, Wilkinson MC, Reynolds CD. Purification and characterization of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-specific lectin from the edible mushroom Schizophyllum commune. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2006; 1760:326-32. [PMID: 16507335 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2005] [Revised: 01/20/2006] [Accepted: 01/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc)-specific lectin was purified from the edible mushroom, Schizophyllum commune, using affinity chromatography on a porcine stomach mucin (PSM)-Sepharose 4B column. Under reducing and non-reducing conditions, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gave a major band of 31.5 kDa. The Schizophyllum commune lectin (SCL) showed high affinity toward rat erythrocytes and the sugar inhibition assay exhibited its sugar specificity highly toward lactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. It was stable at 55 degrees C for 30 min and at pH 3-10 for 18-h test. The lectin was shown to be a glycoprotein with cytotoxic activity against human epidermoid carcinoma cells. The N-terminus of SCL was blocked but amino acid sequences of internal tryptic peptides showed moderately sequence similarities with some other fungal and plant lectins. Crystals of SCL were obtained by the sitting drop vapour-diffusion method using polyethylene glycol 8000 as the precipitant, and gave an X-ray diffraction pattern to approximately 3.8 angstroms resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Podjana Chumkhunthod
- School of Microbiology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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Kobayashi Y, Nakamura H, Sekiguchi T, Takanami R, Murata T, Usui T, Kawagishi H. Analysis of the carbohydrate binding specificity of the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus lectin by surface plasmon resonance. Anal Biochem 2005; 336:87-93. [PMID: 15582562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2004.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The sugar binding specificity of the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus lectin (POL) was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance. The lectin was immobilized to a sensor chip, and asialo-bovine submaxillary mucin (asialo-BSM), one of the most potent inhibitors in the hemagglutination inhibition assay, tightly bound to the lectin. The binding specificity of various mono- or oligosaccharides to the lectin was evaluated by the coinjection method. The dissociation of asialo-BSM was promoted by injection of some haptenic saccharides. For the most part, the order of acceleration ability of the sugars to the dissociation in the coinjection experiment agreed with that of the inhibitory potency of each sugar evaluated by the hemagglutination inhibition assay. In conclusion, POL recognized a galactosyl residue, and the specificity was increased by substitution at the C-2 position of the galactosyl residue with a fucosyl or acetylamino group. This method using the coinjection method proved useful in analysis of carbohydrate-lectin binding specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kobayashi
- Science of Biological Resource, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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KONG KWANGHOON, HONG SUNGGUAN, YOO SUNYOUNG, LEE KWANGSOO, KIM HAHYUNG. CLONING, EXPRESSION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL LECTIN FROM ORYZA SATIVA. J Food Biochem 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2004.06303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kobayashi Y, Kobayashi K, Umehara K, Dohra H, Murata T, Usui T, Kawagishi H. Purification, characterization, and sugar binding specificity of an N-Glycolylneuraminic acid-specific lectin from the mushroom Chlorophyllum molybdites. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:53048-55. [PMID: 15471858 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m407997200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A carbohydrate-binding protein was isolated from the carpophores of the mushrooms and designated the Chlorophyllum molybdites lectin (CML) based on its origin. The molecular mass of CML was 32 kDa, and it was composed of two 16-kDa monomers with no disulfide bonds. Monosaccharide analysis indicated that 12% of the mass of CML was carbohydrate and consisted of GlcNAc:GalNAc:Gal:Man:l-Fuc in a molar ratio of 1.5:1.9: 4.4:4.8:1.0. In the hemagglutination inhibition assay, CML exhibited the strongest binding specificity toward N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) among the monosaccharides tested, whereas NeuAc did not inhibit the hemagglutination at all. GalNAc and Mealpha-GalNAc were also inhibitory at much higher concentrations than NeuGc. Among the glycoproteins, asialobovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) and porcine stomach mucin (PSM) showed strong inhibitory effects. In surface plasmon resonance analysis, asialo-BSM and PSM exhibited the strongest binding affinity. After co-injection of CML and NeuGc or GalNAc onto the asialo-BSM- or PSM-immobilized chip, the dissociation of CML from the immobilized PSM was accelerated by NeuGc and GalNAc, but the dissociation of CML from the immobilized asialo-BSM was only promoted by GalNAc. These results and the other surface plasmon resonance experiments allowed us to conclude that the binding of asialo-BSM to CML was because of an interaction between the lectin and the GalNAc residues of asialo-BSM, and both the NeuGc and GalNAc residues were responsible for the binding of PSM to CML. The results also suggested that CML had two different carbohydrate binding domains, one specific for NeuGc and the other for GalNAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kobayashi
- Science of Biological Resource, United Graduate School, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Abstract
The peptides and proteins secreted by fungi are reviewed in this article. They include ribosome inactivating peptides and proteins, antifungal peptides and proteins, lectins, ubiquitin-like peptides and proteins, peptides and proteins with nucleolytic activity, proteases, xylanases, cellulases, sugar oxidoreductases, laccases, invertases, trehalose phosphorylases, and various enzymes with applications in food industry, chemical production and the medical sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Ng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
We have assembled references of 700 articles published in 2001 that describe work performed using commercially available optical biosensors. To illustrate the technology's diversity, the citation list is divided into reviews, methods and specific applications, as well as instrument type. We noted marked improvements in the utilization of biosensors and the presentation of kinetic data over previous years. These advances reflect a maturing of the technology, which has become a standard method for characterizing biomolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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Kawagishi H, Yasui M, Uno A, Murata T, Usui T, Furukawa S. Purification and characterization of two lectins from a toxic moray, Gymnothrax javanicus. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001; 65:2437-42. [PMID: 11791716 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.2437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two lectins, Gymnothrax javanicus lectin-I (GJL-I) and Gymnothrax javanicus lectin-II (GJL-II) were isolated from the stomach and intestine, and the liver, respectively, of a toxic moray eel, Gymnothrax javanicus. GJL-I is a polymer of two heterogeneous subunits of 67 and 51 kDa. In a hemagglutination inhibition assay, it had sugar-binding specificity toward lactose and lactulose among the mono- or oligo-saccharides and bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) among the glycoproteins tested. The lectin stimulated nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis by astroglial cells. GJL-II was a polymer of subunit of 41 kDa. This lectin had N-acetyllactosamine binding specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kawagishi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Japan.
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