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Bhatt P, Joshi S, Urper Bayram GM, Khati P, Simsek H. Developments and application of chitosan-based adsorbents for wastewater treatments. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 226:115530. [PMID: 36863653 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Water quality is deteriorating continuously as increasing levels of toxic inorganic and organic contaminants mostly discharging into the aquatic environment. Removal of such pollutants from the water system is an emerging research area. During the past few years use of biodegradable and biocompatible natural additives has attracted considerable attention to alleviate pollutants from wastewater. The chitosan and its composites emerged as a promising adsorbents due to their low price, abundance, amino, and hydroxyl groups, as well as their potential to remove various toxins from wastewater. However, a few challenges associated with its practical use include lack of selectivity, low mechanical strength, and solubility in acidic medium. Therefore, several approaches for modification have been explored to improve the physicochemical properties of chitosan for wastewater treatment. Chitosan nanocomposites found effective for the removal of metals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, microplastics from the wastewaters. Nanoparticle doped with chitosan in the form of nano-biocomposites has recently gained much attention and proven a successful tool for water purification. Hence, applying chitosan-based adsorbents with numerous modifications is a cutting-edge approach to eliminating toxic pollutants from aquatic systems with the global aim of making potable water available worldwide. This review presents an overview of distinct materials and methods for developing novel chitosan-based nanocomposites for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bhatt
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
| | - Samiksha Joshi
- Graphic Era Hill University Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gulsum Melike Urper Bayram
- National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey
| | - Priyanka Khati
- Crop Production Division, Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Halis Simsek
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
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Chitosan Production by Fungi: Current State of Knowledge, Future Opportunities and Constraints. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Conventionally, the commercial supply of chitin and chitosan relies on shellfish wastes as the extraction sources. However, the fungal sources constitute a valuable option, especially for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, due to the batch-to-batch unsteady properties of chitin and chitosan from conventional ones. Fungal production of these glycans is not affected by seasonality enables accurate process control and, consequently, more uniform properties of the obtained product. Moreover, liquid and solid production media often are derived from wastes, thus enabling the application of circular economy criteria and improving the process economics. The present review deals with fungal chitosan production processes focusing on waste-oriented and integrated production processes. In doing so, contrary to other reviews that used a genus-specific approach for organizing the available information, the present one bases the discussion on the bioprocess typology. Finally, the main process parameters affecting chitosan production and their interactions are critically discussed.
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Anton SS, Bukhari A, Baso AJA, Erika KA, Syarif I. Proximate, Mineral and Vitamin Analysis of Rebon Shrimp Diversification Products as an Indonesian Local Product: Supplementary Food for Malnourished Children. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rebon shrimp (Acetes sp.) is a local food in the coastal areas of Southeast Asia that has good nutritional potential. It is a nutrient-rich food, high in protein, and beneficial to human health, but the utilization of rebon shrimp is still very low. Aims: This study aims to measure the proximate and mineral analysis of various rebon shrimp products that can be used as supplementary food, expected to be popularly used and consumed by the Indonesian people, particularly those of low economic income. Methods: The diversified products in this study are meatballs, floss, nuggets, fish sticks, and fish cakes made from Rebon Shrimp (Acetes sp.). The proximate levels were analyzed referring to the AOAC method, The mineral content Fe and Zn were analyzed using the AAS method. The Vitamins A and Vitamin C were determined by spectrophotometric methods and titrimetry methods. Results: This study revealed that rebon shrimp could be used in making children's healthy snacks. Snacks with rebon shrimp contributed to moisture (8.79 – 72.58 %), ash (5.06 – 10.29%), crude protein (20.41 – 27.93 %), crude fat (3.09 – 47.16%), and crude fiber (0.35 – 3.36 %). In addition, these foods also contained several important minerals and vitamins for the body, such as iron (9.47– 56.13 ppm), zinc (4.05– 40.02 ppm), Vitamin A (0.016 – 0.045%), and vitamin C (0.11 – 0.19%). Conclusion: Thus, rebon shrimp is potentially used as an alternative to local ingredients to improve the nutritional quality of children's food.
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Leng L, Li W, Chen J, Leng S, Chen J, Wei L, Peng H, Li J, Zhou W, Huang H. Co-culture of fungi-microalgae consortium for wastewater treatment: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 330:125008. [PMID: 33773267 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of wastewater by microalgae has been studied and proved to be effective through previous studies. Due to the small size of microalgae, how to efficiently harvest microalgae from wastewater is a crucial factor restricting the development of algal technologies. Fungi-assisted microalgae bio-flocculation for microalgae harvesting and wastewater treatment simultaneously, which was overlooked previously, has attracted increasing attention in the recent decade due to its low cost and high efficiency. This review found that fungal hyphae and microalgae can stick together due to electrostatic neutralization, surface protein interaction, and exopolysaccharide adhesion in the co-culture process, realizing co-pelletization of microalgae and fungi, which is conducive to microalgae harvesting. Besides, the combination of fungi and microalgae has a complementary effect on pollutant removal from wastewaters. The co-culture of fungi-microalgae has excellent development prospects with both environmental and economic benefits, and it is expected to be applied on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Leng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wenting Li
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Songqi Leng
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Jiefeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Liang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Haoyi Peng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Wenguang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Huajun Huang
- School of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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Spoială A, Ilie CI, Ficai D, Ficai A, Andronescu E. Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite Polymeric Membranes for Water Purification-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2091. [PMID: 33919022 PMCID: PMC8122305 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
During the past few years, researchers have focused their attention on developing innovative nanocomposite polymeric membranes with applications in water purification. Natural and synthetic polymers were considered, and it was proven that chitosan-based materials presented important features. This review presents an overview regarding diverse materials used in developing innovative chitosan-based nanocomposite polymeric membranes for water purification. The first part of the review presents a detailed introduction about chitosan, highlighting the fact that is a biocompatible, biodegradable, low-cost, nontoxic biopolymer, having unique structure and interesting properties, and also antibacterial and antioxidant activities, reasons for using it in water treatment applications. To use chitosan-based materials for developing nanocomposite polymeric membranes for wastewater purification applications must enhance their performance by using different materials. In the second part of the review, the performance's features will be presented as a consequence of adding different nanoparticles, also showing the effect that those nanoparticles could bring on other polymeric membranes. Among these features, pollutant's retention and enhancing thermo-mechanical properties will be mentioned. The focus of the third section of the review will illustrate chitosan-based nanocomposite as polymeric membranes for water purification. Over the last few years, researchers have demonstrated that adsorbent nanocomposite polymeric membranes are powerful, important, and potential instruments in separation or removal of pollutants, such as heavy metals, dyes, and other toxic compounds presented in water systems. Lastly, we conclude this review with a summary of the most important applications of chitosan-based nanocomposite polymeric membranes and their perspectives in water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Spoială
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (C.-I.I.); (E.A.)
| | - Cornelia-Ioana Ilie
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (C.-I.I.); (E.A.)
| | - Denisa Ficai
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 050054 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Centre for Micro and Nanomaterials and National Centre for Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anton Ficai
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (C.-I.I.); (E.A.)
- National Centre for Micro and Nanomaterials and National Centre for Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (C.-I.I.); (E.A.)
- National Centre for Micro and Nanomaterials and National Centre for Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
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Ng S, Kurisawa M. Integrating biomaterials and food biopolymers for cultured meat production. Acta Biomater 2021; 124:108-129. [PMID: 33472103 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cultured meat has recently achieved mainstream prominence due to the emergence of societal and industrial interest. In contrast to animal-based production of traditional meat, the cultured meat approach entails laboratory cultivation of engineered muscle tissue. However, bioengineers have hitherto engineered tissues to fulfil biomedical endpoints, and have had limited experience in engineering muscle tissue for its post-mortem traits, which broadly govern consumer definitions of meat quality. Furthermore, existing tissue engineering approaches face fundamental challenges in technical feasibility and industrial scalability for cultured meat production. This review discusses how animal-based meat production variables influence meat properties at both the molecular and functional level, and whether current cultured meat approaches recapitulate these properties. In addition, this review considers how conventional meat producers employ exogenous biopolymer-based meat ingredients and processing techniques to mimic desirable meat properties in meat products. Finally, current biomaterial strategies for engineering muscle and adipose tissue are surveyed in the context of emerging constraints that pertain to cultured meat production, such as edibility, sustainability and scalability, and potential areas for integrating biomaterials and food biopolymer approaches to address these constraints are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Laboratory-grown or cultured meat has gained increasing interest from industry and the public, but currently faces significant impediment to market feasibility. This is due to fundamental knowledge gaps in producing realistic meat tissues via conventional tissue engineering approaches, as well as translational challenges in scaling up these approaches in an efficient, sustainable and high-volume manner. By defining the molecular basis for desirable meat quality attributes, such as taste and texture, and introducing the fundamental roles of food biopolymers in mimicking these properties in conventional meat products, this review aims to bridge the historically disparate fields of meat science and biomaterials engineering in order to inspire potentially synergistic strategies that address some of these challenges.
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Habibi A, Karami S, Varmira K, Hadadi M. Key parameters optimization of chitosan production from Aspergillus terreus using apple waste extract as sole carbon source. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:283-295. [PMID: 32959145 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02441-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is commonly obtained from shrimp and crab shell chitin by deacetylation; however, such supplies appear limitation. An alternative source of chitosan is cell wall in certain fungi. In this study, chitosan production through submerged fermentation of Aspergillus terreus on apple waste extract as sole carbon source was investigated. Monod equation with a maximum specific growth rate of 0.083 h-1 and half-saturation constant of 6.67 w/v% was best described the kinetic of growth. Results of response surface methodology showed the highest chitosan to substrate yield of 49.32 mg gsubstrate-1, chitosan to fungal biomass yield of 140.9 mg gcell-1, and fungal biomass to substrate yield of 0.387 gcell gsubstrate-1 were simultaneously obtained at temperature 30.0 °C, initial pH 5.98, and ammonium nitrate concentration 5.0 g L-1. The chitosan produced at the optimum condition was characterized by FTIR, TGA, and DSC analysis, and degree of deacetylation was 88.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Habibi
- Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Salar Karami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kambiz Varmira
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Malihe Hadadi
- Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Chatterjee S, Guha AK, Chatterjee BP. Evaluation of quantity and quality of chitosan produce from Rhizopus oryzae by utilizing food product processing waste whey and molasses. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 251:109565. [PMID: 31557669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Low cost whey salt medium (WSM) and molasses salt medium (MSM) have been constructed utilizing food processing byproduct whey and molasses for the production of bio-polysaccharide chitosan from Rhizopus oryzae and subsequently comprehensive physico-chemical characterization of the fungal chitosan has been carried out using various analytical tools to apprehend its biochemical utility. Same has been repeated with chitosan from conventional potato dextrose broth (PDB) for comparison purpose. The yields of chitosan in three different media were 0.62 (WSM), 0.39 (MSM) and 0.63 (PDB) g/L respectively. Molecular weights of the chitosans were in the range of 100-300 kDa. WSM-chitosan and MSM-chitosan were less polydispersed, possessed more hydrated polymorph and loose crystal packing than PDB-chitosan. This indicate that WSM-chitosan and MSM-chitosan are highly exposed to the external reagent hence more reactive to the external reagents with compare to PDB-chitosan. Literature suggest isolated chitosans are useful for specific drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Chatterjee
- RCED-Kolkata, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Kolkata, 700046, India.
| | - Arun K Guha
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Bishnu P Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
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Sebastian J, Rouissi T, Brar SK, Hegde K, Verma M. Microwave-assisted extraction of chitosan from Rhizopus oryzae NRRL 1526 biomass. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 219:431-440. [PMID: 31151544 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of chitosan from dried fungal biomass of Rhizopus oryzae NRRL1526, obtained by culturing on potato dextrose broth (PDB), was performed and the optimal conditions required were identified using statistical analysis for the first time in this study. This microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was compared against the conventional autoclave assisted method of chitosan extraction. The full factorial experimental design was used to investigate the impact of operating parameters of MAE, microwave power (100 W-500 W), and duration (10 min-30 min), on alkaline insoluble material (AIM) yield, chitosan yield, and degree of deacetylation (DDA). The effect of operating conditions was then evaluated using full factorial data analysis and optimum condition for MAE of chitosan was identified using response surface methodology to be 300 W and 22 min. This optimum condition identified was then further evaluated and the chitosan obtained characterized. Higher chitosan yield of 13.43 ± 0.3% (w/w) of fungal biomass was obtained when compared to that obtained, 6.67% ± 0.3% (w/w) of dry biomass, for the conventional extraction process. MAE yielded chitosan of higher degree of deacetylation, 94.6 ± 0.9% against 90.6 ± 0.5% (conventional heating), but the molecular weight was observed to be similar to that obtained by using conventional autoclave heating. MAE of chitosan was observed to yield a higher quantity of chitosan when compared to conventional extraction process and obtained chitosan exhibited a higher degree of deacetylation as well as molecular weight. The lower energy consumption of 0.11 kW h for MAE (5 kW h for conventional process) and the concomitant reduction in the energy bill to 1.1 cents from 50 cents, in addition to the above results, show that microwave irradiation is a more efficient and environment-friendly means to obtain chitosan from fungal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sebastian
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Tarek Rouissi
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada; Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North York, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Krishnamoorthy Hegde
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Mausam Verma
- Institut de recherche et de développement en agroenvironnement (IRDA), 2700 Rue Einstein, Québec, QC G1P 3W8, Canada
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Wang R, Gao S, Yang Z, Li Y, Chen W, Wu B, Wu W. Engineered and Laser-Processed Chitosan Biopolymers for Sustainable and Biodegradable Triboelectric Power Generation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1706267. [PMID: 29349877 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances achieved in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) focus on boosting power generation and conversion efficiency. Nevertheless, obstacles concerning economical and biocompatible utilization of TENGs continue to prevail. Being an abundant natural biopolymer from marine crustacean shells, chitosan enables exciting opportunities for low-cost, biodegradable TENG applications in related fields. Here, the development of biodegradable and flexible TENGs based on chitosan is presented for the first time. The physical and chemical properties of the chitosan nanocomposites are systematically studied and engineered for optimized triboelectric power generation, transforming the otherwise wasted natural materials into functional energy devices. The feasibility of laser processing of constituent materials is further explored for the first time for engineering the TENG performance. The laser treatment of biopolymer films offers a potentially promising scheme for surface engineering in polymer-based TENGs. The chitosan-based TENGs present efficient energy conversion performance and tunable biodegradation rate. Such a new class of TENGs derived from natural biomaterials may pave the way toward the economically viable and ecologically friendly production of flexible TENGs for self-powered nanosystems in biomedical and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxing Wang
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47097, USA
| | - Shengjie Gao
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47097, USA
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yule Li
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Weinong Chen
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Benxin Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Wenzhuo Wu
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47097, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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Bierhalz AC, Westin CB, Moraes ÂM. Comparison of the properties of membranes produced with alginate and chitosan from mushroom and from shrimp. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:496-504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Loman AA, Ju LK. Soybean carbohydrate as fermentation feedstock for production of biofuels and value-added chemicals. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Density functional theory studies of Pb (II) interaction with chitosan and its derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 74:483-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Vendruscolo F, Ninow JL. Apple pomace as a substrate for fungal chitosan production in an airlift bioreactor. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Shukla SK, Mishra AK, Arotiba OA, Mamba BB. Chitosan-based nanomaterials: a state-of-the-art review. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 59:46-58. [PMID: 23608103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript briefly reviews the extensive research as well as new developments on chitosan based nanomaterials for various applications. Chitosan is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer having immense structural possibilities for chemical and mechanical modification to generate novel properties and functions in different fields especially in the biomedical field. Over the last era, research in functional biomaterials such as chitosan has led to the development of new drug delivery system and superior regenerative medicine, currently one of the most quickly growing fields in the area of health science. Chitosan is known as a biomaterial due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxic properties. These properties clearly point out that chitosan has greater potential for future development in different fields of science namely drug delivery, gene delivery, cell imaging, sensors and also in the treatment as well as diagnosis of some diseases like cancer. Chitosan based nanomaterials have superior physical and chemical properties such as high surface area, porosity, tensile strength, conductivity, photo-luminescent as well as increased mechanical properties as comparison to pure chitosan. This review highlights the recent research on different aspect of chitosan based nanomaterials, including their preparation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudheesh K Shukla
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Kaur S, Dhillon GS. The versatile biopolymer chitosan: potential sources, evaluation of extraction methods and applications. Crit Rev Microbiol 2013; 40:155-75. [DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2013.770385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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A. Rahman Bhuiyan M, Shaid A, M. Bashar M, Haque P, A. Hannan M. A Novel Approach of Dyeing Jute Fiber with Reactive Dye after Treating with Chitosan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ojopm.2013.34014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Dhillon GS, Kaur S, Brar SK, Verma M. Green synthesis approach: extraction of chitosan from fungus mycelia. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2012; 33:379-403. [PMID: 23078670 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2012.717217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan, copolymer of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine is mainly derived from chitin, which is present in cell walls of crustaceans and some other microorganisms, such as fungi. Chitosan is emerging as an important biopolymer having a broad range of applications in different fields. On a commercial scale, chitosan is mainly obtained from crustacean shells rather than from the fungal sources. The methods used for extraction of chitosan are laden with many disadvantages. Alternative options of producing chitosan from fungal biomass exist, in fact with superior physico-chemical properties. Researchers around the globe are attempting to commercialize chitosan production and extraction from fungal sources. Chitosan extracted from fungal sources has the potential to completely replace crustacean-derived chitosan. In this context, the present review discusses the potential of fungal biomass resulting from various biotechnological industries or grown on negative/low cost agricultural and industrial wastes and their by-products as an inexpensive source of chitosan. Biologically derived fungal chitosan offers promising advantages over the chitosan obtained from crustacean shells with respect to different physico-chemical attributes. The different aspects of fungal chitosan extraction methods and various parameters having an effect on the yield of chitosan are discussed in detail. This review also deals with essential attributes of chitosan for high value-added applications in different fields.
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Li B, Qiao M, Lu F. Composition, Nutrition, and Utilization of Okara (Soybean Residue). FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2011.595023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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van Leeuwen J, Rasmussen ML, Sankaran S, Koza CR, Erickson DT, Mitra D, Jin B. Fungal Treatment of Crop Processing Wastewaters with Value-Added Co-Products. SUSTAINABLE BIOENERGY AND BIOPRODUCTS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-2324-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Je JY, Kim SK. Chitosan as Potential Marine Nutraceutical. MARINE MEDICINAL FOODS - IMPLICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS - ANIMALS AND MICROBES 2012; 65:121-35. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-416003-3.00007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Jiang L, Pan S, Kim JM. Influence of nitrogen source on chitosan production carried out by Absidia coerulea CTCC AF 93105. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nwe N, Furuike T, Tamura H. Production, Properties and Applications of Fungal Cell Wall Polysaccharides: Chitosan and Glucan. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2011_124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Oliveira MDS, Feddern V, Kupski L, Cipolatti EP, Badiale-Furlong E, de Souza-Soares LA. Physico-chemical characterization of fermented rice bran biomass Caracterización fisico-química de la biomasa del salvado de arroz fermentado. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/19476330903450274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Production and characterization of chitosan obtained from Rhizopus oryzae grown on potato chip processing waste. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Trutnau M, Suckale N, Groeger G, Bley T, Ondruschka J. Enhanced chitosan production and modeling hyphal growth of Mucor rouxii interpreting the dependence of chitosan yields on processing and cultivation time. Eng Life Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200900012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Schiffman JD, Schauer CL. A Review: Electrospinning of Biopolymer Nanofibers and their Applications. POLYM REV 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/15583720802022182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abdou ES, Nagy KSA, Elsabee MZ. Extraction and characterization of chitin and chitosan from local sources. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:1359-67. [PMID: 17383869 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2006] [Revised: 01/27/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Chitin has been extracted from six different local sources in Egypt. The obtained chitin was converted into the more useful soluble chitosan by steeping into solutions of NaOH of various concentrations and for extended periods of time, then the alkali chitin was heated in an autoclave which dramatically reduced the time of deacetylation. Chitin from squid pens did not require steeping in sodium hydroxide solution and showed much higher reactivity towards deacetylation in the autoclave that even after 15 min of heating a degree of deacetylation of 90% was achieved. The obtained chitin and chitosan were characterized by spectral analysis, X-ray diffraction and thermo gravimetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Entsar S Abdou
- Food Technology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo 12631, Egypt
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Dong AJ, Feng MH, Qi HY, Li SS, Deng LD. Synthesis and properties of O-carboxymethyl chitosan/methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) graft copolymers. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:869-76. [PMID: 17665110 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-007-3183-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/17/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
O-carboxymethyl chitosan/methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) graft copolymers (OCMCS-g-MPEGs) with different degrees of substitution (DS) were synthesized by reductive N-alkylation of chitosan with poly(ethylene glycol) aldehyde. The properties of OCMCS-g-MPEGs, including the solubility, structure, hydrodynamic behaviors, isoelectric point (IEP) and interaction with water-soluble chitosan, were investigated. As a PEGylated polyampholyte, OCMCS-g-MPEGs can resolve in water over all pH range and the pH value at IEP (pH(IEP)) decreases when DS increases. The hydrodynamic behaviors of OCMCS-g-MPEGs in deionized H(2)O are markedly affected by DS and pH(IEP) in the experiment concentration range. The particle size of the complexes of OCMCS-g-MPEGs with water-soluble chitosan is strongly affected by the concentration of water-soluble chitosan and the pH value.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Jie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
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Nwe N, Stevens WF, Tokura S, Tamura H. Characterization of chitosan and chitosan–glucan complex extracted from the cell wall of fungus Gongronella butleri USDB 0201 by enzymatic method. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Di Mario F, Rapanà P, Tomati U, Galli E. Chitin and chitosan from Basidiomycetes. Int J Biol Macromol 2007; 43:8-12. [PMID: 18023863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2007.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Revised: 09/25/2007] [Accepted: 10/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chitinous material was isolated from the mycelium of seven species of Basidiomycetes to evaluate the possibility of using fungal biomass as a source of chitin and chitosan. Such material was characterised for its purity, degree of acetylation and crystallinity. Chitin yields ranged between 8.5 and 19.6% dry weight and the chitosan yield was approximately 1%. The characteristics of the fungal chitins were similar to those of commercial chitin. Chitosans, with a low degree of acetylation, comparable with that of commercial chitosan, were obtained by the chemical deacetylation of fungal chitins.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Di Mario
- Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, RM Italy
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Cai J, Yang J, Du Y, Fan L, Qiu Y, Li J, Kennedy JF. Enzymatic preparation of chitosan from the waste Aspergillus niger mycelium of citric acid production plant. Carbohydr Polym 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Aye KN, Karuppuswamy R, Ahamed T, Stevens WF. Peripheral enzymatic deacetylation of chitin and reprecipitated chitin particles. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2006; 97:577-82. [PMID: 15919204 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2005] [Revised: 03/30/2005] [Accepted: 03/30/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The enzymatic deacetylation of various chitin preparations was investigated using the fungal chitin deacetylase (CDA) isolated from Rhizopus oryzae growth medium. Specific extracellular enzyme activity after solid state fermentation was 10 times higher than that after submerged fermentation. Natural crystalline chitin is a very poor substrate for the enzyme, but showed a five-time better deacetylation after dissolution and reprecipitation. Chitin particles, enzymatically deacetylated for only 1% exhibited a strongly increased binding capacity towards ovalbumin, while maintaining the rigidity and insolubility of chitin in a moderate acidic environment. Because of the unique combination of properties, these CDA treated chitin materials were named "chit-in-osan". Chitinosan was shown to be an attractive matrix for column chromatography because no hydrogel formation was observed, that impaired the flow of eluent. Under the same conditions, partially deacetylated chitosan swelled and blocked the flow in the column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyaw Nyein Aye
- Bioprocess Technology, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Amorim R, Ledingham W, Kennedy J, Campos-Takaki G. Chitosan fromSyncephalastrum racemosumUsing Sugar Cane Substrates as Inexpensive Carbon Sources. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/08905430500524028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wu T, Zivanovic S, Draughon FA, Sams CE. Chitin and chitosan--value-added products from mushroom waste. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2004; 52:7905-7910. [PMID: 15612774 DOI: 10.1021/jf0492565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of chitinous material in Agaricus bisporus stalks was determined during postharvest storage at 4 and 25 degrees C. The chitinous material was extracted after alkali treatment and acid reflux of alkali insoluble material and analyzed for yield, purity, degree of acetylation (DA), and crystallinity. The total glucosamine content in mushroom stalks increased from 7.14% dry weight (DW) at harvest (day 0) to 11.00% DW and 19.02% DW after 15 days of storage at 4 degrees C and 5 days of storage at 25 degrees C, respectively. The yield of crude chitin isolated from stalks stored at 25 degrees C for 5 days was 27.00% DW and consisted of 46.08% glucosamine and 20.94% neutral polysaccharides. The DA of fungal chitin was from 75.8 to 87.6%, which is similar to commercially available crustacean chitin. The yield of crude fungal chitin of 0.65-1.15% on a fresh basis indicates the potential for the utilization of these mushroom byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Food Biopolymers Laboratories, Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, 2509 River Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Yoksan R, Akashi M, Miyata M, Chirachanchai S. Optimal gamma-ray dose and irradiation conditions for producing low-molecular-weight chitosan that retains its chemical structure. Radiat Res 2004; 161:471-80. [PMID: 15038763 DOI: 10.1667/rr3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses on the optimal conditions for gamma irradiation to reduce the molecular weight of chitosan but still retain its chemical structure. Chitosan was irradiated under various conditions, i.e. flake solid state (condition 1), flake dispersed in water (condition 2), flake dispersed in 0.05, 0.1, 1 and 2% aqueous K(2)S(2)O(8) solution (conditions 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d, respectively), flake dispersed in 0.5, 1 and 2% aqueous H(2)O(2) solution (conditions 4a, 4b and 4c, respectively), and chitosan acetic acid solution (condition 5). Comparative studies were done using three types of chitosans with molecular weights of the order of 10(5) Da with degrees of deacetylation of 0.80, 0.85 and 0.90%. For all conditions, after irradiation, there were two regions of molecular weight reduction. A severe degradation occurred in the first region with decreases in the molecular weight of 80% for radiation doses up to 50 kGy for conditions 1, 2 and 3 (3a-3c) and 20 kGy for condition 4. In the second region, a slow degradation occurred, which resembled a plateau stage. The results for conditions 3d and 5 were the most dramatic, since the primary structure of chitosan was changed after the irradiation. The degradation of chitosan by gamma rays was found to be most effective for the amorphous structure. The retention of the structure of chitosan after gamma irradiation makes it possible to produce a low-molecular-weight chitosan that retains its functionality, as demonstrated by its activity in the coupling reaction with N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangrong Yoksan
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Phya Thai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Jaworska M, Sakurai K, Gaudon P, Guibal E. Influence of chitosan characteristics on polymer properties. I: Crystallographic properties. POLYM INT 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Wu LQ, Embree HD, Balgley BM, Smith PJ, Payne GF. Utilizing renewable resources to create functional polymers: chitosan-based associative thickener. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2002; 36:3446-3454. [PMID: 12188378 DOI: 10.1021/es0113448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in utilizing renewable resources and exploiting biological reactions for environmentally friendly products and processes. We report the use of the enzyme tyrosinase to graft the natural phenol, catechin, onto the biopolymer chitosan. Chemical evidence for grafting was obtained by UV/visible spectrophotometry and electrospray mass spectrometry. Rheological measurements demonstrate that the catechin-modified chitosan behaves as an associative thickener. Specifically, the viscosity increases dramatically with concentration of this modified chitosan. Furthermore, when the catechin-modified chitosan is dissolved at low concentrations (0.6% w/w), steady shear measurements show shear thinning behavior, while oscillatory measurements show weak gel behavior. These results demonstrate the potential for utilizing renewable resources and biochemical processing to functionalize biopolymersto offertechnically useful properties. To suggest the relative environmental impacts of chitosan derivatives with existing water-soluble polymers, we used the framework of a life cycle assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qun Wu
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, College Park 20742, USA
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