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Iwasaki R, Nakagiri Y, Yaguchi Y, Oguma K, Ono M, Horikita T, Sentsui H. Survey of bovine foamy virus infection among cattle in Japan and comparison with bovine leukemia virus infection. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:615-618. [PMID: 32201403 PMCID: PMC7273609 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of bovine foamy virus (BFV) infections in cattle on farms in the Kanto region of Japan was determined using agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test and polymerase chain reaction
(PCR). Six out of 20 farms contained BFV-positive cattle. Furthermore, 16.7% (91/545) of all cattle tested positive for BFV. This suggested that BFV-infected cattle are widely prevalent in
Japan. Positive results for BFV infection were consistent between AGID and PCR tests. Additionally, we tested for bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infections at nine farms, primarily those
containing BFV-infected cows. At each farm, the infection rate of BFV was lower than that of BLV. Further, cattle that were PCR-positive but antibody-negative, indicating immune tolerance to
BFV, were not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Iwasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epizootiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Yu Nakagiri
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epizootiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Yuji Yaguchi
- Ibaraki Kenhoku Animal Hygiene Service Station, Nakakawauchi 966-1, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Keisuke Oguma
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epizootiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Mamiko Ono
- Laboratory of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Horikita
- Laboratory of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sentsui
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epizootiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
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Hachiya Y, Kimura K, Oguma K, Ono M, Horikita T, Sentsui H. Isolation of bovine foamy virus in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1604-1609. [PMID: 30175751 PMCID: PMC6207520 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine foamy virus (BFV) is endemic in many countries, but has not been reported in
Japan. A syncytium-forming virus was isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes of
clinically healthy cattle on a farm in Kanagawa prefecture during a periodic
epidemiological survey of viral diseases. The isolate was propagated in primary fetal
bovine muscle cells and subsequently passaged in Madin–Darby bovine kidney cells. Since
the isolate appeared to be distinct from the viruses with syncytium-forming ability
previously isolated in Japan, we attempted to identify it using genomic analyses and
electron microscopy. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate belongs to the
bovine foamy virus cluster and is highly similar to a BFV strain isolated in China. A
sero-epidemiological survey was performed using agar gel immunodiffusion test with the
isolated virus as the antigen, and five of the 57 cattle tested were found to be
seropositive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Hachiya
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kimura
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Keisuke Oguma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Mamiko Ono
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Horikita
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sentsui
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
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Bao Q, Hipp M, Hugo A, Lei J, Liu Y, Kehl T, Hechler T, Löchelt M. In Vitro Evolution of Bovine Foamy Virus Variants with Enhanced Cell-Free Virus Titers and Transmission. Viruses 2015; 7:5855-74. [PMID: 26569290 PMCID: PMC4664980 DOI: 10.3390/v7112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus transmission is essential for spreading viral infections and is a highly coordinated process which occurs by cell-free transmission or cell-cell contact. The transmission of Bovine Foamy Virus (BFV) is highly cell-associated, with undetectable cell-free transmission. However, BFV particle budding can be induced by overexpression of wild-type (wt) BFV Gag and Env or artificial retargeting of Gag to the plasma membrane via myristoylation membrane targeting signals, closely resembling observations in other foamy viruses. Thus, the particle release machinery of wt BFV appears to be an excellent model system to study viral adaption to cell-free transmission by in vitro selection and evolution. Using selection for BFV variants with high cell-free infectivity in bovine and non-bovine cells, infectivity dramatically increased from almost no infectious units to about 105-106 FFU (fluorescent focus forming units)/mL in both cell types. Importantly, the selected BFV variants with high titer (HT) cell-free infectivity could still transmit via cell-cell contacts and were neutralized by serum from naturally infected cows. These selected HT-BFV variants will shed light into virus transmission and potential routes of intervention in the spread of viral infections. It will also allow the improvement or development of new promising approaches for antiretroviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Bao
- Division of Molecuar Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Focus Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120, Germany.
| | - Michaela Hipp
- Division of Molecuar Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Focus Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120, Germany.
| | - Annette Hugo
- Division of Molecuar Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Focus Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120, Germany.
| | - Janet Lei
- Division of Molecuar Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Focus Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120, Germany.
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Yang Liu
- Division of Molecuar Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Focus Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120, Germany.
- Department Viral Recombination, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
| | - Timo Kehl
- Division of Molecuar Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Focus Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120, Germany.
| | - Torsten Hechler
- Division of Molecuar Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Focus Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120, Germany.
- Heidelberg Pharma GmbH, 68526 Ladenburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Löchelt
- Division of Molecuar Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Focus Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120, Germany.
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Characterization of a full-length infectious clone of bovine foamy virus 3026. Virol Sin 2014; 29:94-102. [PMID: 24643936 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-014-3382-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological features of most foamy viruses (FVs) are poorly understood, including bovine foamy virus (BFV). BFV strain 3026 (BFV3026) was isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of an infected cow in Zhangjiakou, China. A full-length genomic clone of BFV3026 was obtained from BFV3026-infected cells, and it exhibited more than 99% amino acid (AA) homology to another BFV strain isolated in the USA. Upon transfection into fetal canine thymus cells, the full-length BFV3026 clone produced viral structural and auxiliary proteins, typical cytopathic effects, and virus particles. These results demonstrate that the full-length BFV3026 clone is fully infectious and can be used in further BFV3026 research.
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Romen F, Backes P, Materniak M, Sting R, Vahlenkamp TW, Riebe R, Pawlita M, Kuzmak J, Löchelt M. Serological detection systems for identification of cows shedding bovine foamy virus via milk. Virology 2007; 364:123-31. [PMID: 17408715 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 03/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The biology of foamy viruses, their mode of transmission and disease potential in their natural host and after interspecies transmission are largely unknown. To gain insights into the prevalence of bovine foamy virus (BFV) and its zoonotic potential, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were established to determine antibody responses against Gag, Env, and the non-structural protein Bet in bovine serum and milk. In Polish cattle, strong Gag reactivity was most frequent (41.5%) and strongly associated with Bet antibodies, Env antibodies were less frequent. German cattle showed a low overall BFV antibody prevalence of 6.8%. Besides clearly BFV-positive animals, a substantial number of weakly reacting cattle were identified. BFV-specific antibodies were also detectable in milk. BFV was isolated from PBLs and milk cells of BFV-positive cattle but not from antibody-negative or weakly reacting animals. The implications of these findings for the potential interspecies transmission of BFV to humans will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Romen
- Dept. Genome Modifications and Carcinogenesis, Research Program Infection and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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