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Labrude P, Mouelle P, Menu P, Vigneron C, Dellacherie E, Leonard M, Tayots J. Hemoglobin Solutions Coupled with Polyethylene Glycol 1900: Preparation, Purification, Quality Control and Pharmacological Trials by Hemorrhagic Shock. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139888801100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The usefulness of hemoglobin solutions as oxygen transporters is limited by their high affinity for oxygen and rapid elimination from the circulation. Various chemical modifications of hemoglobin aimed at overcoming these two handicaps have been suggested. We have developed a conjugate of pyridoxylated human hemoglobin with monomethoxypolyoxyethylene 1900, whose preparation and properties are described. We present comparative results on short-term or definitive survival of Wistar rats which, during hemorrhagic shock due to the loss of 60 or 80% of their blood mass, were given a solution of native or modified hemoglobin, in some cases purified by ion-exchange chromatography to remove non-heme proteins, lipids, and some endotoxins. The more complex the treatment used to improve the properties and the purity of the hemoglobin solutions, the longer the animals survived. The loss of hemoglobin in the urine was greatly reduced after conjugation: after 20 h, less than 6% of the total infused.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Labrude
- Faculté des Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Nancy - France
- Centre régional de Transfusion sanguine et d'Hématologie, Vandoeuvre les Nancy - France
| | - P. Mouelle
- Faculté des Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Nancy - France
- Centre régional de Transfusion sanguine et d'Hématologie, Vandoeuvre les Nancy - France
| | - P. Menu
- Faculté des Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Nancy - France
- Centre régional de Transfusion sanguine et d'Hématologie, Vandoeuvre les Nancy - France
| | - C. Vigneron
- Faculté des Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Nancy - France
- Centre régional de Transfusion sanguine et d'Hématologie, Vandoeuvre les Nancy - France
| | - E. Dellacherie
- Unite assucieé n. 494 du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Ecole nationale supérieure des Industries chimiques, Nancy - France
| | - M. Leonard
- Unite assucieé n. 494 du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Ecole nationale supérieure des Industries chimiques, Nancy - France
| | - J.L. Tayots
- Institut Mérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, Charbonnieres les Bains - France
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Hooftman G, Herman S, Schacht E. Review: Poly(Ethylene Glycol)s with Reactive Endgroups. II. Practical Consideration for the Preparation of Protein-PEG Conjugates. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/088391159601100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gert Hooftman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Polymer Materials Research Group, University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281 S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sabine Herman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Polymer Materials Research Group, University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281 S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Etienne Schacht
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Polymer Materials Research Group, University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281 S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Herman S, Hooftman G, Schacht E. Poly(Ethylene Glycol) with Reactive Endgroups: I. Modification of Proteins. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/088391159501000205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Herman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biomaterial and Polymer Research Group, University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281 S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gert Hooftman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biomaterial and Polymer Research Group, University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281 S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Etienne Schacht
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biomaterial and Polymer Research Group, University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281 S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Riess JG. Oxygen carriers ("blood substitutes")--raison d'etre, chemistry, and some physiology. Chem Rev 2001; 101:2797-920. [PMID: 11749396 DOI: 10.1021/cr970143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 544] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J G Riess
- MRI Institute, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA.
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Maeda M, Kamada H, Hojo K, Yamamoto Y, Nakagawa S, Smith TJ, Mayumi T, Kawasa K. Amino acids and peptides. XXXVIII. Facile synthesis of laminin-related peptide-poly(ethylene glycol) hybrids by the solid phase method. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001; 49:488-91. [PMID: 11310682 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.49.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been studied as a drug-carrier for proteins, but not for small peptides. Laminin, a cell adhesive protein, has Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) sequence and peptides containing this sequence inhibit experimental metastasis. We have studied PEG hybrids of YIGSR and other small laminin-related peptides. In a previous paper, we reported preparation of YIGSR-PEG hybrids by combination of the solid phase method and the solution method, but the synthetic procedure was problematic. Here we report a facile synthesis of PEG hybrids of YIGSR (PEG-YIGSR, YIGSR-PEG, PEG-YIGSR-PEG) by the solid phase method.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and High Technology Research Center, Kobe Gakuin University, Japan
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Masson C, Scherman D, Bessodes M. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyl-oxyl/[bis(acetoxy)-iodo]benzene-mediated oxidation: A versatile and convenient route to poly(ethylene glycol) aldehyde or carboxylic acid derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.10049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Francis GE, Delgado C, Fisher D, Malik F, Agrawal AK. Polyethylene glycol modification: relevance of improved methodology to tumour targeting. J Drug Target 1996; 3:321-40. [PMID: 8866652 DOI: 10.3109/10611869608996824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Of all the polymers applied to molecule altering structural chemistry, polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification has numerous benefits and relatively few drawbacks. PEG is now increasingly being applied to the problems of tumour targeting, both in the context of the passive targeting of PEG-liposomes and in active targeting strategies using PEGylated anti-tumour antibodies. PEG can also serve as a useful linker molecule between targeting moieties and other agents, including cytotoxic or imaging agents and targeted liposomes. Despite these demonstrated benefits and the level of attention which PEGylation has received, relatively little consideration has been given to two key areas: first, the extent to which the coupling method has an impact on both the functionality of the PEG-adduct and the acquisition of beneficial properties; second, that the impact of PEGylation on biodistribution is complex, thus any attempt to optimise a PEG-peptide or PEG-liposome for a particular task must involve an examination of all the individual facets of the effects of PEGylation. Studies investigating the underlying principles of tumour targeting suggest that current views concerning the optimisation of PEGylated vehicles for tumour localisation need to be re-examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Francis
- Molecular Cell Pathology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, U.K
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Acylation of amino functions of proteins with monomethoxypoly (ethylene glycol)-N-succinimide carbonate. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02888849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- H Xue
- Robertson Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, University of Glasgow, Scotland
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Saifer MG, Somack R, Williams LD. Plasma clearance and immunologic properties of long-acting superoxide dismutase prepared using 35,000 to 120,000 dalton poly-ethylene glycol. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1994; 366:377-87. [PMID: 7771266 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1833-4_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Some biological properties of bovine and recombinant human Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (bSOD and rhSOD)-poly-ethylene glycol (PEG) adducts prepared by coupling 1-9 strands of high molecular weight PEG (35,000-120,000 daltons) are compared to SOD adducts coupled with 7 or 15 strands of low molecular weight PEG (5,000 daltons). Plasma clearance after i.v. injection was measured in mice and dogs. Conjugates of bSOD with 2 strands of PEG 40,000, 3 strands of PEG 72,000 or 1 strand of PEG 100,000 demonstrated half-lives of about 36 hours in mice, whereas the half-life of a conjugate with 7 strands of PEG 5,000 was about 24 hours. A PEG-bSOD with an average of 3.3 strands of PEG 41,000 was cleared from plasma with a terminal half-life of 36 to 48 hours after intraperitoneal injection in mice. PEG-SODs prepared from bSOD and rhSOD with 3 strands of PEG 50,000 each had plasma half-lives of approximately five days in dogs. An enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) was employed to measure cross-reactivity with a rabbit antibody directed against bSOD. A series of bSOD adducts with 2 to 9 strands of PEG 35,000-120,000 were compared to PEG-bSODs with 7 or 15 strands of PEG 5,000. Attaching larger PEG strands was at least 3 times more effective in reducing antigenicity, compared to PEG 5,000. Ability to induce sensitizing antibodies was measured using subcutaneous sensitization followed by i.v. or s.c. challenge in mice. Some bSOD conjugates with either 7 or 15 strands of PEG 5,000 induced sensitization reactions before the sixth challenge. Fewer than 1% of the animals tested with bSOD or rhSOD adducts with 3 or 4 strands of PEG 65,000, or 3 strands of PEG in the 30,000-50,000 molecular weight range, showed signs of anaphylaxis during six or seven challenges. In a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test (optimized to measure mouse IgE), neither bSOD coupled to 2 strands of PEG 120,000 nor bSOD coupled to 9 strands of PEG 35,000 induced detectable antibodies against either of these PEG-bSOD preparations or against bSOD; however, the adduct with 2 strands of PEG 120,000 reacted weakly with pre-formed antibodies to bSOD. The high molecular weight PEG-bSODs tested were not immunogenic, but were weakly antigenic, compared to bSOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Saifer
- DDI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
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Nho K, Glower D, Bredehoeft S, Shankar H, Shorr R, Abuchowski A. PEG-bovine hemoglobin: safety in a canine dehydrated hypovolemic-hemorrhagic shock model. BIOMATERIALS, ARTIFICIAL CELLS, AND IMMOBILIZATION BIOTECHNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR ARTIFICIAL CELLS AND IMMOBILIZATION BIOTECHNOLOGY 1992; 20:511-24. [PMID: 1391472 DOI: 10.3109/10731199209119677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An initial evaluation of PEG-bHb was performed using a modified hypovolemic shock model. PEG-bHb had a substantially longer intravascular half-life than native Hb and no measurable hemoglobinuria was observed in the canine. PEG-bHb allowed successful resuscitation with an oxygen carrying capacity of 14-22% over that of lactated Ringer's solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nho
- Duke University Medical Center, Dept. of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710
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Dellacherie E, Léonard M. Improvement of oxygen-carrying properties of human hemoglobin by chemical modification with a benzene hexacarboxylate-monosubstituted polyoxyethylene. JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY 1991; 10:61-7. [PMID: 2054064 DOI: 10.1007/bf01024656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Benzene hexacarboxylate-monosubstituted polyoxyethylene on contact with Hb decreases its oxygen affinity, probably because it specifically interacts with the amino groups of the phosphate-binding site. This site specificity was used to direct the covalent coupling of this polymeric reagent with hemoglobin, in the vicinity of this beta cleft in order to obtain conjugates with low oxygen affinity and well-defined molecular weight. Such conjugates could thus be regarded as potential candidates for blood substitutes. Covalent fixation of this polymeric site-labeling reagent onto hemoglobin was carried out with the oxy and the deoxy form in the presence of a water soluble carbodiimide. It turns out that the oxygen-binding properties of the resulting hemoglobin derivatives depend on the reaction conditions, yet in all cases the oxygen affinity of the modified protein was lower than that of native hemoglobin and was no longer affected by organic phosphates. These results indicate that phosphate-binding site amines are probably involved in the covalent coupling, although in some conjugates (especially those prepared with high ratios of reagents) other amino groups participate also in the linking to the polymer. Chromatographic analysis and tryptic peptide mapping of some conjugates evidenced that the beta-terminal valine residue was in fact the preferential binding site of hexacarboxylate-monosubstituted polyoxyethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dellacherie
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Physical Chemistry, URA CNRS, Nancy, France
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Wong JT. Rightshifted dextran-hemoglobin as blood substitute. BIOMATERIALS, ARTIFICIAL CELLS, AND ARTIFICIAL ORGANS 1988; 16:237-45. [PMID: 2460165 DOI: 10.3109/10731198809132573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Covalent modification of hemoglobin and dextran-hemoglobin by reductive alkylation under aerobic conditions with periodated inositol tetrakisphosphate brought about a rightshifting of their oxygen dissociation curves. The rightshifted dextran-hemoglobin conjugate provided adequate oxygen delivery in macaques exchange-transfused to 90% with respect to their erythrocyte content. The conjugate did not exhibit the nephrotoxicity of free hemoglobin. It was also more resistant to precipitation, and therefore more amenable to viral sterilisation, by ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Wong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Canada
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Leonard M, Dellacherie E. Acylation of human hemoglobin with polyoxyethylene derivatives. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1984; 791:219-25. [PMID: 6509065 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(84)90012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Monomethoxypolyoxyethylene (Mw = 5000) was covalently linked to human hemoglobin via an amide bond formed between amino groups of the protein and a carboxylic group introduced onto the polymer. The conjugates thus obtained have a molecular size corresponding to that of a globular protein with a molecular weight of about 190 000. Their oxygen-binding properties depend upon the initial conformation of the hemoglobin and reaction pH: hemoglobin modified in the deoxy state exhibited a lower oxygen affinity than that modified in the oxy state, and the lower the reaction pH, the lower the oxygen affinity of polymer-linked hemoglobin. However, the affinity of modified hemoglobin is always higher than that of native hemoglobin. On the other hand, when deoxyHb was complexed with organic phosphates during the condensation reaction, the resulting conjugates exhibited oxygen-binding characteristics quite similar to those of native hemoglobin, i.e., the same oxygen affinity, modified cooperativity and the same alkaline Bohr effect. Finally, in order to decrease the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin conjugates, the polymer was coupled to deoxy hemoglobin previously covalently modified with pyridoxal phosphate. The oxygen affinity of such conjugates was in fact as low as that of the initial pyridoxylated hemoglobin.
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