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Eskandari M, Jadidi K, Notash B. Substrate-Controlled Diastereo- and Enantiodivergent Synthesis of Bis-Spirocyclopropyloxindoles from Available Isatin as a Single Starting Material. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5254-5274. [PMID: 37083424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The first diastereo- and enantiodivergent asymmetric synthesis of new bis-spirocyclopropyloxindole scaffolds has been accomplished from the readily available isatin as a single starting material. Four rel-(1R,2R,3R), rel-(1S,2S,3R), rel-(1R,2R,3S), and rel-(1S,2S,3S) configurations of desired products were constructed in excellent enantiopurity via a simple switch in substrates using the chiral auxiliary-controlled method. The absolute configuration of cycloadducts with three contiguous quaternary/tertiary stereogenic centers was confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis. A facile synthesis of versatile precursor 3-chlorooxindoles was also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Eskandari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Khosrow Jadidi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Behrouz Notash
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
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2
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Al-Majid AM, Alammari AS, Alshahrani S, Haukka M, Islam MS, Barakat A. Cu(ii)-thiophene-2,5-bis(amino-alcohol) mediated asymmetric Aldol reaction and Domino Knoevenagel Michael cyclization: a new highly efficient Lewis acid catalyst. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6149-6165. [PMID: 35424540 PMCID: PMC8982094 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00674j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly efficient Lewis acid-catalytic system Cu(ii)-thiophene-2,5-bis(amino-alcohol) has been developed for enantioselective Aldol reaction of isatin derivatives with ketones. The new catalytic system also proved to be highly enantioselective for the one pot three-component Domino Knoevenagel Michael cyclization reaction of substituted isatin with malononitrile and ethylacetoacetate. The chiral ligand (2S,2'S)-2,2'-((thiophene-2,5-diylbis(methylene))bis(azanediyl))bis(3-phenylpropan-1-ol) (L1) in combination with Cu(OAc)2·H2O employed as a new Lewis acid catalyst, furnished 3-substituted-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones derivatives (3a-s) in good to excellent yields (81-99%) with high enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee) and spiro[4H-pyran-3,3-oxindole] derivatives (6a-l) in excellent yields (89-99%) with high ee (up to 95%). These aldol products and spiro-oxindoles constitute a core structural motif in a large number of pharmaceutically active molecules and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia +966-61-1467-5992
| | - Abdullah Saleh Alammari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia +966-61-1467-5992
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia +966-61-1467-5992
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä P. O. Box 35 FI-40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Mohammad Shahidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia +966-61-1467-5992
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia +966-61-1467-5992
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3
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Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of heterocycle-containing acetophenone derivatives using N-functionalised [(benzene)Ru(II)(TsDPEN)] complexes. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Colella M, Degennaro L, Luisi R. Continuous Flow Synthesis of Heterocycles: A Recent Update on the Flow Synthesis of Indoles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143242. [PMID: 32708643 PMCID: PMC7397031 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole derivatives are among the most useful and interesting heterocycles employed in drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. In addition, flow chemistry and flow technology are changing the synthetic paradigm in the field of modern synthesis. In this review, the role of flow technology in the preparation of indole derivatives is showcased. Selected examples have been described with the aim to provide readers with an overview on the tactics and technologies used for targeting indole scaffolds.
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Bhardwaj M, Chib S, Kaur L, Kumar A, Chaudhuri B, Malik F, Vishwakarma RA, Saran S, Mukherjee D. Conversion of amino acids to aryl/heteroaryl ethanol metabolites using human CYP2D6-expressing live baker's yeast. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:142-147. [PMID: 33479614 PMCID: PMC7439282 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00451c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Different natural aromatic/heterocyclic l-amino acids were biotransformed into aryl/heteroaryl ethanol metabolites via oxidative deamination, decarboxylation and reduction cascades using live baker's yeast cells producing intracellular human CYP2D6 enzyme. Among the three yeast strains expressing 3 different CYP2D6 variants, CYP2D6(2) (i.e. CYP2D6 wild-type) provided the best result under neutral pH conditions at RT. We have successfully converted six natural amino acids into their corresponding alcohols, having one carbon atom less, with moderate yields. Some of the downstream products like tryptophol and tyrosol induced the pTrKB (Tropomyosin receptor kinase B) activation pattern similar to that of BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), thereby depicting potential antidepressant activity. Control experiments and molecular modelling studies revealed that this tandem bio-transformation probably happens via a pyruvate intermediate. This study establishes that CYP2D6-expressing live yeast cells can be a powerful tool for the enzymatic C-N, C-C bond cleavage of amino-acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bhardwaj
- Natural Product Chemistry Division , CSIR-IIIM , Jammu , India .
| | - Shifali Chib
- Fermentation Technology Division , CSIR-IIIM , Jammu , India .
| | - Loveleena Kaur
- Cancer Pharmacology Division , Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) , Jammu , India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry Division , CSIR-IIIM , Jammu , India .
| | - Bhabatosh Chaudhuri
- Innovation Development Partners Ltd. Rothley , Leicestershire LE7 7SF , UK .
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Cancer Pharmacology Division , Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) , Jammu , India
| | | | - Saurabh Saran
- Fermentation Technology Division , CSIR-IIIM , Jammu , India .
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Kundu S, Banerjee A, Maji MS. Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Tandem Pinacol-Type Rearrangement for the Synthesis of α-(3-Indolyl) Ketones by Using α-Hydroxy Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2019; 84:16003-16012. [PMID: 31747752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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7
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Banerjee A, Maji MS. A Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Cascade Reaction for the Conversion of Indoles to α-(3-Indolyl) Ketones by Using 2-Benzyloxy Aldehydes. Chemistry 2019; 25:11521-11527. [PMID: 31283058 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A Brønsted acid catalyzed, operationally simple, scalable route to several functionalized α-(3-indolyl) ketones has been developed and the long-standing regioisomeric issue has been eliminated by choosing appropriate carbonyls. A readily available and cheap bottle reagent was used as the catalyst. This protocol was also applicable to the synthesis of densely functionalized α-(3-pyrrolyl) ketones. A detailed mechanistic study confirmed the involvement of enolether as a reaction intermediate. Several postsynthetic modifications along with easy access to β-carboline, tryptamines, tryptophols, and spiro-indolenine proclaim the synthetic utility of this powerful building block. On the basis of this concept, functionalized carbazoles were constructed by a cascade annulation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, W.B., India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, W.B., India
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Palmieri A, Petrini M. Tryptophol and derivatives: natural occurrence and applications to the synthesis of bioactive compounds. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:490-530. [DOI: 10.1039/c8np00032h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This report presents some fundamental aspects related to the natural occurrence and bioactivity of tryptophol as well as the synthesis of tryptophols and their utilization for the preparation of naturally occurring alkaloid metabolites embedding the indole system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Palmieri
- School of Science and Technology
- Chemistry Division
- University of Camerino
- Italy
| | - Marino Petrini
- School of Science and Technology
- Chemistry Division
- University of Camerino
- Italy
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9
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Dubhashe YR, Sawant VM, Gaikar VG. Process Intensification of Continuous Flow Synthesis of Tryptophol. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogeshwar R. Dubhashe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
| | - Vishal M. Sawant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
| | - Vilas G. Gaikar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
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10
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Suárez A, Martínez F, Sanz R. Synthesis of α-functionalized α-indol-3-yl carbonyls through direct S N reactions of indol-3-yl α-acyloins. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:11212-11219. [PMID: 27841890 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02125e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new and efficient synthesis of α-functionalized α-indol-3-yl ketones from easily available indolyl α-acyloins is reported. This process, catalyzed by Brønsted or Lewis acids, involves an uncommon direct nucleophilic substitution reaction of a secondary α-carbonyl-substituted hydroxyl group. The described methodology allows the introduction of a variety of nucleophiles such as (hetero)arenes, thiophenols, nitroanilines and 1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives. The synthesized α-indol-3-yl carbonyl compounds are important synthetic targets also useful for accessing functionalized tryptophols and furan-3-yl indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisley Suárez
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos. Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n. 09001-Burgos, Spain.
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos. Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n. 09001-Burgos, Spain.
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos. Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n. 09001-Burgos, Spain.
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11
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Bisht G, Chaudhari MB, Gupte VS, Gnanaprakasam B. Ru-NHC Catalyzed Domino Reaction of Carbonyl Compounds and Alcohols: A Short Synthesis of Donaxaridine. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8234-8252. [PMID: 31457366 PMCID: PMC6645123 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Direct α-alkylation of amides and the synthesis of C3-alkylated 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one/2-substituted-2-hydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one derivatives from 2-oxindole/1-teralone were reported using primary alcohols in the presence of Ru-NHC catalyst in a one pot condition under the borrowing hydrogen method. In the case of inert conditions, 2-oxindole/1-teralone exclusively forms the C3-alkylated product. Whereas, allowing this reaction mixture to occur under an air atmosphere predominantly forms C3-alkylated 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one via domino C-H alkylation and aerobic C-H hydroxylation. This Ru-NHC catalyst is easily accessible, air stable, and phosphine free. Using this method, synthesis of 2-oxindole based natural products such as Donaxaridine was accomplished.
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12
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Ortega V, Del Castillo E, Csákÿ AG. Transition-Metal-Free Stereocomplementary Cross-Coupling of Diols with Boronic Acids as Nucleophiles. Org Lett 2017; 19:6236-6239. [PMID: 29112447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The transition-metal-free diastereoselective C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-coupling between unprotected diols and boronic acids or potassium organotrifluoroborates is reported. Depending on the reaction conditions, the syn or the anti reaction products are obtained in a stereocomplementary fashion. This type of coupling is developed with alkenyl-, heteroaryl- and arylboron compounds as carbon nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Ortega
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Moncloa , Paseo de Juan XXIII, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Del Castillo
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Moncloa , Paseo de Juan XXIII, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurelio G Csákÿ
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Moncloa , Paseo de Juan XXIII, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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13
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Yasuda D, Takahashi K, Ohe T, Nakamura S, Mashino T. Preparation and antioxidant/pro-oxidant activities of 3-monosubstituted 5-hydroxyoxindole derivatives. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 59:165-173. [PMID: 27895383 PMCID: PMC5110937 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant treatments have been expected to be a novel therapeutics for various oxidative stress-mediated disorders. Our previous study revealed that 5-hydroxyoxindole and its 3-phenacyl-3-hydroxy derivatives showed excellent antioxidant activities such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and lipid-peroxidation inhibitory activity. However, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the 3,3-disubstituted derivatives was lower than that of the original 5-hydroxyoxindole. In the present study, we synthesized novel 3-monosubstituted 5-hydroxyoxindole derivatives that exhibited stronger DPPH radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation-inhibitory activities than the 3,3-disubstituted 5-hydroxyoxindoles. Moreover, the 3-monosubstituted 5-hydroxyoxindole derivatives showed neither an iron-mediated pro-oxidant effect nor a remarkable cytotoxicity against HL-60 cell lines except some of the highly lipophilic compounds. These results indicate that 3-monosubstituted 5-hydroxyoxindoles can be used as a promising antioxidant scaffold for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yasuda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kyoko Takahashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ohe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Shigeo Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Nippon Medical School, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-0023, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Mashino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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Chitosan Aerogel Catalyzed Asymmetric Aldol Reaction in Water: Highly Enantioselective Construction of 3-Substituted-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles. Catalysts 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/catal6120186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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15
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Moon HR, Lee S, Roh HJ, Kim JN. Facile Synthesis of 3-Aryl-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles from 2-Arylindoles. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ran Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Sangku Lee
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Roh
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Jae Nyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
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16
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Ru(III)-mediated intramolecular ortho-C(sp2)–H activation/oxidative acylation: one-pot synthesis of isatins from α-hydroxy amides. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Bai M, You Y, Chen YZ, Xiang GY, Xu XY, Zhang XM, Yuan WC. An unprecedented protocol for the synthesis of 3-hydroxy-3-phenacyloxindole derivatives with indolin-2-ones and α-substituted ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1395-401. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02391b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A reaction between indolin-2-ones and α-substituted ketones was developed and a wide range of 3-hydroxy-3-phenacyloxindoles were obtained in good yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Bai
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Yong You
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | | | | | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
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18
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Ulikowski A, Furman B. Schwartz’s Reagent-Mediated Regiospecific Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Indoles from Isatins. Org Lett 2015; 18:149-51. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ulikowski
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - B. Furman
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Kabeshov MA, Kysilka O, Rulíšek L, Suleimanov YV, Bella M, Malkov AV, Kočovský P. Cross-Aldol Reaction of Isatin with Acetone Catalyzed by Leucinol: A Mechanistic Investigation. Chemistry 2015; 21:12026-33. [PMID: 26147182 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive mechanistic studies on the enantioselective aldol reaction between isatin (1 a) and acetone, catalyzed by L-leucinol (3 a), unraveled that isatin, apart from being a substrate, also plays an active catalytic role. Conversion of the intermediate oxazolidine 4 into the reactive syn-enamine 6, catalyzed by isatin, was identified as the rate-determining step by both the calculations (ΔG(≠) =26.1 kcal mol(-1) for the analogous L-alaninol, 3 b) and the kinetic isotope effect (kH /kD =2.7 observed for the reaction using [D6 ]acetone). The subsequent reaction of the syn-enamine 6 with isatin produces (S)-2 a (calculated ΔG(≠) =11.6 kcal mol(-1) ). The calculations suggest that the overall stereochemistry is controlled by two key events: 1) the isatin-catalyzed formation of the syn-enamine 6, which is thermodynamically favored over its anti-rotamer 7 by 2.3 kcal mol(-1) ; and 2) the high preference of the syn-enamine 6 to produce (S)-2 a on reaction with isatin (1 a) rather than its enantiomer (ΔΔG(≠) =2.6 kcal mol(-1) ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A Kabeshov
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leics LE11 3TU (UK). .,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK).
| | - Ondřej Kysilka
- FARMAK, Klášterní Hradisko, 77900 Olomouc (Czech Republic)
| | - Lubomír Rulíšek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6 (Czech Republic)
| | - Yury V Suleimanov
- Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, Cyprus Institute, 20 Kavafi Str., Nicosia 2121 (Cyprus) & Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (USA)
| | - Marco Bella
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome (Italy)
| | - Andrei V Malkov
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leics LE11 3TU (UK).
| | - Pavel Kočovský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6 (Czech Republic). .,Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE 10691 Stockholm (Sweden) & Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague 2 (Czech Republic).
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Dou X, Yao W, Jiang C, Lu Y. Enantioselective N-alkylation of isatins and synthesis of chiral N-alkylated indoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:11354-7. [PMID: 25163647 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04586f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric N-alkylations of isatins with enals were shown to be feasible via a prolinol-catalyzed iminium activation, and N-alkylated isatins were obtained in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivity. The biologically useful N-alkylated isatins also served as valuable synthetic precursors, and could be readily converted to chiral N-alkylated indole derivatives. The described method provides a novel entry to access optically enriched N-alkylated isatins and indole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Dou
- Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Republic of Singapore 117543.
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Jin M, Xu C, Zhang X. The effect of tryptophol on the bacteriophage infection in high-temperature environment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:8101-11. [PMID: 25994257 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Small metabolites can participate in the virus-host interactions in eukaryotes. However, little is known about roles of metabolites in the interactions between bacteria and bacteriophages. In this study, the metabolomic profilings of bacteriophage GVE2-infected and virus-free Geobacillus sp. E263, a thermophilic bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent, were characterized. The results showed that metabolites tryptophol, adenine, and hydroxybenzylalcohol were significantly elevated in Geobacillus sp. E263 in response to the GVE2 infection. Furthermore, our data indicated that tryptophol was involved in the bacteriophage infection. Tryptophol could inhibit the infection/replication of GVE2 by interacting with the host's Clp protease. Therefore, our study revealed novel aspects of metabolites during the bacteriophage infection in high-temperature environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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24
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Nishino H, Kikue N, Takahashi T. Mn(III)-Based Oxidative Cyclization of N-Aryl-3-oxobutanamides. Facile Synthesis and Transformation of Substituted Oxindoles. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/com-14-s(k)57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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26
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Gupta N, Roy T, Ghosh D, Abdi SHR, Kureshy RI, Khan NUH, Bajaj HC. Ordered short channel mesoporous silica modified with 1,3,5-triazine–piperazine as a versatile recyclable basic catalyst for cross-aldol, Knoevenagel and conjugate addition reactions with isatins. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00406c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A recyclable triazine–piperazine immobilized silica supported material was explored as a heterogeneous catalyst for indole skeletal synthesized from isatins at RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Gupta
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Tamal Roy
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
| | - Debashis Ghosh
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Sayed H. R. Abdi
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Rukhsana I. Kureshy
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Noor-ul H. Khan
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Hari C. Bajaj
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
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27
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Huang J, Mao T, Zhu Q. Copper-Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxidative C(sp3)-H Amidation of 2-Aminoacetophenones: Efficient Synthesis of Indoline-2,3-diones. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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28
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Erben F, Michalik D, Feist H, Kleeblatt D, Hein M, Matin A, Iqbal J, Langer P. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of (Z)-1-glycosyl-3-(5-oxo-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-ylidene)indolin-2-ones and (Z)-3-(2-glycosylsulfanyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-thiazol-5-ylidene)indolin-2-ones. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44362k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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29
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Dou X, Yao W, Wen S, Lu Y. Facile regiospecific synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles from isatins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9469-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04555f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile regiospecific synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles from isatins has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Dou
- Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Program
- Life Sciences Institute
- National University of Singapore
- , Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Weijun Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Program
- Life Sciences Institute
- National University of Singapore
- , Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Shan Wen
- Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Program
- Life Sciences Institute
- National University of Singapore
- , Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Yixin Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Program
- Life Sciences Institute
- National University of Singapore
- , Republic of Singapore 117543
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30
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Yasuda D, Takahashi K, Ohe T, Nakamura S, Mashino T. Antioxidant activities of 5-hydroxyoxindole and its 3-hydroxy-3-phenacyl derivatives: The suppression of lipid peroxidation and intracellular oxidative stress. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7709-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Liu Y, Chen H, Hu X, Zhou W, Deng GJ. Selenium-Promoted Intramolecular Oxidative Amidation of 2-(Arylamino)acetophenones for the Synthesis ofN-Arylisatins. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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Mohammadi S, Heiran R, Herrera RP, Marqués-López E. Isatin as a Strategic Motif for Asymmetric Catalysis. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201300050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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33
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Blay G, Fernández I, Muñoz MC, Pedro JR, Vila C. Enantioselective Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Indoles with (E)-1-Aryl-4-benzyloxybut-2-en-1-ones Catalyzed by an (R)-3,3′-Br2BINOLate-Hafnium(IV) Complex. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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34
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Gutmann B, Gottsponer M, Elsner P, Cantillo D, Roberge DM, Kappe CO. On the Fischer Indole Synthesis of 7-Ethyltryptophol—Mechanistic and Process Intensification Studies under Continuous Flow Conditions. Org Process Res Dev 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/op300363s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Gutmann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Microwave Chemistry (CDLMC) and Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28,
A-80010 Graz, Austria, and
| | | | - Petteri Elsner
- Microreactor Technology, Lonza AG, CH-3930
Visp, Switzerland
| | - David Cantillo
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Microwave Chemistry (CDLMC) and Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28,
A-80010 Graz, Austria, and
| | | | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Microwave Chemistry (CDLMC) and Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28,
A-80010 Graz, Austria, and
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35
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36
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Kandepi VVKM, Narender N. Synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds over zeolite molecular sieve catalysts: an approach towards green chemistry. Catal Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cy00162d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Guo Q, Bhanushali M, Zhao CG. Quinidine thiourea-catalyzed aldol reaction of unactivated ketones: highly enantioselective synthesis of 3-alkyl-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:9460-4. [PMID: 21038336 PMCID: PMC3086465 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201004161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qunsheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Mayur Bhanushali
- Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Cong-Gui Zhao
- Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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38
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Guo Q, Bhanushali M, Zhao CG. Quinidine Thiourea-Catalyzed Aldol Reaction of Unactivated Ketones: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of 3-Alkyl-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201004161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Garden SJ, Pinto AC, Cunha FRD, Fontes SP, Lima AS, Tiekink ERT. (2 E)- N-(3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetamide. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:o1436-7. [PMID: 21579511 PMCID: PMC2979508 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810018623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C9H8Br2N2O3, is planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.030 Å) with the exception of the terminal methyl group which lies out of the plane [1.219 (3) Å]. The conformation about the C=N double bond [1.268 (3) Å] is E. An intramolecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bond occurs. Linear supramolecular chains along the b axis mediated by O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions feature in the crystal structure. These chains are also stabilized by weak C—H⋯N contacts.
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40
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Chen G, Liu B, Tang Y, Xu J. 3-Hydr-oxy-3-[(2-methyl-propano-yl)meth-yl]indolin-2-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2009; 65:o1723. [PMID: 21583440 PMCID: PMC2977200 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536809024611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C(13)H(15)NO(3), was synthesized by the Aldol reaction of isatin and 3-methyl-butan-2-one refluxing in methanol catalyzed by dimethyl-amine. The packing of the mol-ecules in the crystal structure features inter-molecular N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
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41
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Efficient, one-pot transformation of indoles into functionalized oxindole and spirooxindole systems under Swern conditions. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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42
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Jao CW, Lin WC, Wu YT, Wu PL. Isolation, structure elucidation, and synthesis of cytotoxic tryptanthrin analogues from Phaius mishmensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:1275-1279. [PMID: 18507473 DOI: 10.1021/np800064w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided chromatographic separation of the cytotoxic MeOH extract of Phaius mishmensis led to the isolation of two known and six new indoloquinazolinones, phaitanthrins A-E (1-5) and methylisatoid (6). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Phaitanthrin A (1) and tryptanthrin (7) showed moderate cytotoxicity against MCF-7, NCI-H460, and SF-268 cell lines. A series of ketone adducts of tryptanthrin were prepared and tested initially for anticancer activity in vitro against MCF-7, NCI-H460, and SF-268 human cancer cell lines. The 3-pentanone adduct 13 showed activity similar to tryptanthrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wei Jao
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, Republic of China
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43
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Bastos MM, Mayer LMU, Figueira ECS, Soares M, Boechat N, Kover WB. Synthesis of new 3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-indoles by reduction of trifluoromethyloxoindoles. J Heterocycl Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570450404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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44
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Marchetti M, Paganelli S, Carboni D, Ulgheri F, Del Ponte G. Synthesis of indole derivatives by domino hydroformylation/indolization of 2-nitrocinnamaldehydes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2008.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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45
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Řezanka T, Hanuš LO, Dembitsky VM, Sigler K. Identification of the Eight-Membered Heterocycles Hicksoanes A–C from the GorgonianSubergorgia hicksoni. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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46
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Preparation of 3-hydroxyoxindoles with dimethyldioxirane and their use for the synthesis of natural products. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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47
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Khedkar V, Tillack A, Michalik M, Beller M. Convenient synthesis of tryptophols and tryptophol homologues by hydroamination of alkynes. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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48
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Application of a catalytic palladium biaryl synthesis reaction, via C–H functionalization, to the total synthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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49
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Barroso S, Blay G, Cardona L, Fernández I, García B, Pedro JR. Highly Diastereoselective Arylation of (S)-Mandelic Acid Enolate: Enantioselective Synthesis of Substituted (R)-3-Hydroxy-3-phenyloxindoles and (R)-Benzylic Acids and Synthesis of Nitrobenzophenones. J Org Chem 2004; 69:6821-9. [PMID: 15387607 DOI: 10.1021/jo0402069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An easy access to substituted (R)-3-hydroxy-3-phenyloxindoles, (R)-benzylic acids, and benzophenones is described. The reaction of the lithium enolate of the (2S,5S)-cis-1,3-dioxolan-4-one derived from optically active (S)-mandelic acid and pivalaldehyde with several o- and p-halonitrobenzenes proceeds readily to give the corresponding arylation products in good yields and diastereoselectivities. The reduction of the nitro group with Zn/HCl/EtOH in the o-nitro arylation products with concomitant intramolecular aminolysis of the dioxolanone moiety leads directly to enantiomerically pure (R)-3-hydroxy-3-phenyloxindoles. On the other hand the basic hydrolysis of the dioxolanone moiety in all the arylation products (ortho and para) leads to enantiomerically pure substituted (R)-benzylic acids. The oxidative decarboxylation of these latter with oxygen as terminal oxidant in the presence of pivalaldehyde and the Co(III)-Me2opba complex as catalyst gives substituted nitrobenzophenones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Barroso
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
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50
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Kawasaki T, Nagaoka M, Satoh T, Okamoto A, Ukon R, Ogawa A. Synthesis of 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one alkaloids, (±)-donaxaridine and (±)-convolutamydines A and E, through enolization–Claisen rearrangement of 2-allyloxyindolin-3-ones. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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