1
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Xu Y, Feng B, Li S, Fang H. Alkoxycarbonyl Groups in Metalloesters Showing Oxocarbenium-like Structure and Alkylating Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402370. [PMID: 38426853 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In contrast to the well-documented acylating reactivity, the alkylating reactivity of the alkoxycarbonyl group, as signified by its oxocarbenium-like resonance structure, remains almost unexplored. Herein, the first series of Co/Ni dinuclear metalloesters exhibiting the novel oxocarbenium-like alkoxycarbonyl groups were synthesized and characterized. In these deformed alkoxycarbonyl groups, the Ccarbonyl-Oalkoxyl bonds were contracted to 1.177(11)~1.191(9) Å with the elongations of the Ccarbonyl=Ocarbonyl bonds to 1.368(13)~1.441(9) Å. Meanwhile, the O-Calkyl bonds were also elongated to 1.522(11) ~1.607(15) Å, and were by far the longest O-Calkyl bonds reported for alkoxycarbonyl groups. As triggered by the long O-Calkyl distances, the alkylating reactivity of the oxocarbenium-like methoxycarbonyl group towards a series of C/N/O-nucleophiles via the rare BAL2 mechanism at ambient conditions was examined. Furthermore, the homo-etherifications of alcohols mediated by the Co/Ni dinuclear metalloesters were investigated. The yields followed the trend ethanol≫n-propanol≫n-butanol ≈n-pentanol, that closely related to the structure features of the alkoxycarbonyl groups in corresponding metalloesters: while the ethoxycarbonyl group showed the reactive oxocarbenium-like framework, the n-propoxycarbonyl group displayed the dioxocarbenium-like skeleton with a shorter O-Calkyl bond; In comparison, the classical frameworks with unactivated alkyl moieties were observed for n-butoxycarbonyl and n-pentoxycarbonyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhuang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Bingjian Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Songyi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Huayi Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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2
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Ali R, Hasan A. The Criss‐Cross Cycloaddition: A Simple Access to Valuable Heterocycles and Polymers. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Ahmad Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
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3
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Mochimatsu T, Aota Y, Kano T, Maruoka K. CuCl
2
‐Mediated Oxidative Intramolecular α‐Arylation of Ketones with Phenolic Nucleophiles via Oxy‐Allyl Cation Intermediates. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3816-3819. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Mochimatsu
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Yusuke Aota
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Taichi Kano
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
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4
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Declas N, Waser J. Access to Vinyl Ethers and Ketones with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents as Oxy‐Allyl Cation Synthetic Equivalents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Declas
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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5
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Declas N, Waser J. Access to Vinyl Ethers and Ketones with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents as Oxy-Allyl Cation Synthetic Equivalents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18256-18260. [PMID: 32542955 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report an Umpolung strategy of enol ethers to generate oxy-allyl cation equivalents based on the use of hypervalent iodine reagents. Under mild basic conditions, the addition of nucleophiles to aryloxy-substituted vinylbenziodoxolone (VBX) reagents, easily available in two steps from silyl alkynes, resulted in the stereoselective formation of substituted aryl enol ethers. The reaction was most efficient with phenols as nucleophiles, but preliminary results were also achieved for C- and N- nucleophiles. In absence of external nucleophiles, the 2-iodobenzoate group of the reagent was transferred. The obtained aryl enol ethers could then be transformed into α-difunctionalized ketones by oxidation. The described "allyl cation"-like reactivity contrast with the well-established "vinyl-cation" behavior of alkenyl iodonium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Declas
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Tomás‐Mendivil E, Devillard M, Regnier V, Pecaut J, Martin D. Air‐Stable Oxyallyl Patterns and a Switchable N‐Heterocyclic Carbene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Devillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS DCM 38000 Grenoble France
- Current address: Université de Rennes CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226 35042 Rennes France
| | | | - Jacques Pecaut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, UMR 5819 38000 Grenoble France
| | - David Martin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS DCM 38000 Grenoble France
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7
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Kim E, Lee CY, Kim S. HFIP‐Mediated Decarboxylative [4+3]‐Annulation of Azaoxyallyl Cations with Isatoic Anhydride. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Kim
- Department of ChemistryKyonggi University 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Lee
- Department of ChemistryKyonggi University 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Gon Kim
- Department of ChemistryKyonggi University 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
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8
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Tomás-Mendivil E, Devillard M, Regnier V, Pecaut J, Martin D. Air-Stable Oxyallyl Patterns and a Switchable N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11516-11520. [PMID: 32277582 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxyallyl derivatives are typically elusive compounds. Even recently reported "stabilized" 1,3-diaminooxyallyl species are still highly reactive and have short lifetimes at room temperature. Herein, we report the synthesis and preliminary study of mesoionic pyrimidine derivatives that feature 1,3-bis(dimethylamino)oxyallyl patterns with an unprecedented level of stabilization. The latter are not only insensitive towards air and moisture, but they are also compatible with the formation of an ancillary stable N-heterocyclic carbene moiety. As the oxyallyl pattern is proton-responsive, it allows the reversible switching of the electronic properties of the carbene, as a ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Devillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Current address: Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, 35042, Rennes, France
| | | | - Jacques Pecaut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, UMR 5819, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - David Martin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France
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9
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Aota Y, Doko Y, Kano T, Maruoka K. Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular α-Arylation of Ketones with Phenolic Nucleophiles via Oxy-Allyl Cation Intermediates. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Aota
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
| | - Yuki Doko
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
| | - Taichi Kano
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8501 Kyoto Japan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry; Guangdong University of Technology; 510006 Guangzhou China
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10
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Trost BM, Huang Z. Catalytic (3+2) Palladium‐Aminoallyl Cycloaddition with Conjugated Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6396-6399. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry M. Trost
- Department of ChemistryStanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Zhongxing Huang
- Department of ChemistryStanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305 USA
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11
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Trost BM, Huang Z. Catalytic (3+2) Palladium‐Aminoallyl Cycloaddition with Conjugated Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry M. Trost
- Department of ChemistryStanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Zhongxing Huang
- Department of ChemistryStanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305 USA
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12
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Devillard M, Regnier V, Tripathi M, Martin D. A computational study of the interplay of steric and electronic effects in the stabilization of 1,3-(diamino)oxyallyls. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Gelis C, Levitre G, Merad J, Retailleau P, Neuville L, Masson G. Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclohepta[b
]indoles by Chiral-Phosphoric-Acid-Catalyzed (4+3) Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12121-12125. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Gelis
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Guillaume Levitre
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Jérémy Merad
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Luc Neuville
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Géraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
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14
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Gelis C, Levitre G, Merad J, Retailleau P, Neuville L, Masson G. Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclohepta[b
]indoles by Chiral-Phosphoric-Acid-Catalyzed (4+3) Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Gelis
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Guillaume Levitre
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Jérémy Merad
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Luc Neuville
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Géraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
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15
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De N, Song CE, Ryu DH, Yoo EJ. Gold-catalyzed [5+2] cycloaddition of quinolinium zwitterions and allenamides as an efficient route to fused 1,4-diazepines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6911-6914. [PMID: 29845164 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02570c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate a new catalytic cycloaddition of quinolinium zwitterions involving a gold-bound allylic cation intermediate. This ligand-free higher-order cycloaddition efficiently affords a variety of fused 1,4-diazepine derivatives in a stereospecific manner at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirupam De
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
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16
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Burns JM. Computational evidence for a reaction pathway bifurcation in Sasaki-type (4 + 3)-cycloadditions. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:1828-1836. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00075a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for a post-transition state bifurcation in a (4 + 3)-cycloaddition is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed M. Burns
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
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17
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Yang B, Zhai X, Feng S, Shao Z. Dearomatization of naphthols using oxy-allyl cations: efficient construction of α-all-carbon quaternary center-containing 2-(2-oxocycloalkyl)cycloalkyl diketones. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00783g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An efficient strategy for the dearomatization of both α- and β-naphthols using in situ generated oxy-allyl cations is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binmiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Xuejie Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Shubo Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Zhihui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
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18
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Reichl KD, Smith MJ, Song MK, Johnson RP, Porco JA. Biomimetic Total Synthesis of (±)-Griffipavixanthone via a Cationic Cycloaddition-Cyclization Cascade. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14053-14056. [PMID: 28942643 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the concise, biomimetic total synthesis of the dimeric, Diels-Alder natural product griffipavixanthone from a readily accessible prenylated xanthone monomer. The key step utilizes a novel intermolecular [4+2] cycloaddition-cyclization cascade between a vinyl p-quinone methide and an in situ generated isomeric diene promoted by either Lewis or Brønsted acids. Experimental and computational studies of the reaction pathway suggest that a stepwise, cationic Diels-Alder cycloaddition is operative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Reichl
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Michael J Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Min K Song
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire , Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Richard P Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire , Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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19
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Topinka M, Zawatzky K, Barnes CL, Welch CJ, Harmata M. An Asymmetric, Catalytic (4 + 3) Cycloaddition Reaction of Cyclopentenyl Oxyallylic Cations. Org Lett 2017; 19:4106-4109. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Topinka
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Kerstin Zawatzky
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Charles L. Barnes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | | | - Michael Harmata
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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20
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Kennedy CR, Lin S, Jacobsen EN. The Cation-π Interaction in Small-Molecule Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12596-624. [PMID: 27329991 PMCID: PMC5096794 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Catalysis by small molecules (≤1000 Da, 10(-9) m) that are capable of binding and activating substrates through attractive, noncovalent interactions has emerged as an important approach in organic and organometallic chemistry. While the canonical noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, ion pairing, and π stacking, have become mainstays of catalyst design, the cation-π interaction has been comparatively underutilized in this context since its discovery in the 1980s. However, like a hydrogen bond, the cation-π interaction exhibits a typical binding affinity of several kcal mol(-1) with substantial directionality. These properties render it attractive as a design element for the development of small-molecule catalysts, and in recent years, the catalysis community has begun to take advantage of these features, drawing inspiration from pioneering research in molecular recognition and structural biology. This Review surveys the burgeoning application of the cation-π interaction in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rose Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 535 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Eric N Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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21
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Kennedy CR, Lin S, Jacobsen EN. Die Kation-π-Wechselwirkung in der Katalyse mit niedermolekularen Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Rose Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Harvard University; 12 Oxford St Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Berkeley; 535 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Eric N. Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Harvard University; 12 Oxford St Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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22
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Sabbatani J, Maulide N. Temporary Generation of a Cyclopropyl Oxocarbenium Ion Enables Highly Diastereoselective Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropane Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6780-3. [PMID: 27099179 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A novel formal [3+2] cycloaddition of cyclopropylacetals and aldehydes was developed, and the resulting trisubstituted tetrahydrofurans display three new chiral centers formed with highly diastereoselectivity. This method is stereocomplementary to most previously reported cycloadditions of malonate diesters, relies on the transient generation of cyclopropyl oxocarbenium ions, proceeds under mild conditions, and is based on the concept of temporary activation of an otherwise inert protecting group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Sabbatani
- Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Wien, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Wien, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Wien, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Wien, Austria.
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23
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Sabbatani J, Maulide N. Temporäre Bildung eines Cyclopropyl-Oxocarbeniumions ermöglicht eine außerordentlich diastereoselektive Cycloaddition von Donor-Akzeptor-Cyclopropanen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Sabbatani
- Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Wien; Währinger Straße 38 1090 Wien Österreich
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Wien; Währinger Straße 38 1090 Wien Österreich
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24
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Stepherson JR, Fronczek FR, Kartika R. An expedient synthesis of functionalized 1,4-diketone-derived compounds via silyloxyallyl cation intermediates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:2300-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09763k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the synthesis of highly functionalized 1,4-diketones that are readily differentiated as monosilylenol ethers via direct capture of silyloxyallyl cations by silyl enolates under Brønsted acid catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R. Stepherson
- Department of Chemistry
- 232 Choppin Hall
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry
- 232 Choppin Hall
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
| | - Rendy Kartika
- Department of Chemistry
- 232 Choppin Hall
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
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25
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Dange NS, Stepherson JR, Ayala CE, Fronczek FR, Kartika R. Cooperative benzylic-oxyallylic stabilized cations: regioselective construction of α-quaternary centers in ketone-derived compounds. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6312-6319. [PMID: 30090249 PMCID: PMC6054113 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01914a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel reactivity of benzylic-stabilized oxyallyl cations towards regioselective construction of carbon quaternary centers. These synthetically useful intermediates were readily generated upon ionization of aryl substituted α-hydroxy methylenol ethers with catalytic, mild Brønsted acid. The emerging unsymmetrical oxyallyl cations were then directly captured by indoles and other nucleophiles with exquisite control of regioselectivity, predictably at the electrophilic carbon bearing the alkyl substituent to produce highly functionalized, value-added enol ethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin S Dange
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , LA 70810 , USA .
| | - Jacob R Stepherson
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , LA 70810 , USA .
| | - Caitlan E Ayala
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , LA 70810 , USA .
| | - Frank R Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , LA 70810 , USA .
| | - Rendy Kartika
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , LA 70810 , USA .
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26
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Christmann M, Hu J, Kitamura M, Stoltz B. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(15)00744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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27
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Hassan AHE, Lee JK, Pae AN, Min SJ, Cho YS. Synthesis of the Tricyclic Ring Structure of Daphnanes via Intramolecular [4 + 3] Cycloaddition/SmI2-Pinacol Coupling. Org Lett 2015; 17:2672-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. E. Hassan
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 305-350, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Jae Kyun Lee
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seo Cho
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 305-350, Republic of Korea
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28
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Luan Y, Barbato KS, Moquist PN, Kodama T, Schaus SE. Enantioselective synthesis of 1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1-carbaldehydes by addition of boronates to isochromene acetals catalyzed by tartaric acid. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3233-6. [PMID: 25715172 PMCID: PMC4666678 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tartaric acid is an ideal asymmetric catalyst as it is abundant, cheap, and environmentally friendly. (+)-Tartaric acid was found to catalyze a novel enantioselective [4 + 2] cycloaddition of isochromene acetals and vinylboronates. A variety of substituted isochromene acetals were tolerated, furnishing the desired dihydronaphthalenes and dihydrobenzofluorene products in good yields. High enantiomeric ratios (up to 98.5:1.5) and excellent diastereoselectivities (all >99:1) were observed employing 10 mol % of (+)-tartaric acid as the catalyst, in combination with 5 mol % of Ho(OTf)3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 24 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Keith S. Barbato
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 24 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Philip N. Moquist
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 24 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Tomohiro Kodama
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 24 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Scott E. Schaus
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 24 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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29
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Ayala CE, Dange NS, Fronczek FR, Kartika R. Brønsted Acid Catalyzed α′-Functionalization of Silylenol Ethers with Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Ayala CE, Dange NS, Fronczek FR, Kartika R. Brønsted Acid Catalyzed α′-Functionalization of Silylenol Ethers with Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:4641-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Luo J, Jiang Q, Chen H, Tang Q. Catalyst-free formation of 1,4-diketones by addition of silyl enolates to oxyallyl zwitterions in situ generated from α-haloketones. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12244a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report an efficient and practical method for the preparation of 1,4-diketones by direct coupling of α-haloketones with silyl enolates at room temperature. No catalysts were required in our protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luo
- Department of Medical Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- P. R. China
| | - Qihua Jiang
- Department of Medical Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Medical Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- P. R. China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Department of Medical Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016
- P. R. China
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32
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Abstract
This review summarizes 50 years of attempts to observe, and finally isolate, the elusive oxyallyl derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianney Regnier
- UMR CNRS 5250
- “Département de Chimie Moléculaire”
- Université Joseph Fourier
- 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9
- France
| | - David Martin
- UMR CNRS 5250
- “Département de Chimie Moléculaire”
- Université Joseph Fourier
- 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9
- France
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33
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Sun Z, Winschel GA, Zimmerman PM, Nagorny P. Enantioselective Synthesis of Piperidines through the Formation of Chiral Mixed Phosphoric Acid Acetals: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11194-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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34
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Sun Z, Winschel GA, Zimmerman PM, Nagorny P. Enantioselective Synthesis of Piperidines through the Formation of Chiral Mixed Phosphoric Acid Acetals: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Zhu W, Ren J, Wang Z. Acid-Catalyzed Domino Meinwald Rearrangement of Epoxides/Intramolecular [3+2] Cross-Cycloaddition of Cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylates. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Xie YX, Tang RY, Song RJ, Xiang JN, Li JH. Synthesis of Benzocyclohepta[b]indoles by Lewis Acid Catalyzed Annulation of Two 3-(1H-Isochromen-1-yl)-1H-indoles. J Org Chem 2014; 79:686-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4024667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Xiang Xie
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ri-Yuan Tang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ren-Jie Song
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jian-Nan Xiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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37
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Luo J, Zhou H, Hu J, Wang R, Tang Q. Efficient catalytic-free method to produce α-aryl cycloalkanones through highly chemoselective coupling of aryl compounds with oxyallyl cations. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01043d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient catalytic-free method to produce α-aryl cycloalkanones through highly chemoselective coupling of aryl compounds with oxyallyl cations at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
- The Faculty of Laboratory Medicine
| | - Hui Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering
- Chongqing University of Technology
- Chongqing 400054, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
- The Faculty of Laboratory Medicine
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38
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Thiophosphoramide-Based Cooperative Catalysts for Brønsted Acid Promoted Ionic Diels-Alder Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13424-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Borovika A, Tang PI, Klapman S, Nagorny P. Thiophosphoramide-Based Cooperative Catalysts for Brønsted Acid Promoted Ionic Diels-Alder Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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40
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Gao X, Harmata M. Formation and ring-opening of 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-ones from (4+3)-cycloaddition of furan and chlorocyclopentanone derivatives. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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Stoltz B, Motherwell W. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(13)01252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Borovika A, Nagorny P. Chiral Brønsted acid-catalyzed enantioselective ionic [2+4] cycloadditions. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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43
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Yeom HS, Li H, Tang Y, Hsung RP. Total Syntheses of Cannabicyclol, Clusiacyclol A and B, Iso-Eriobrucinol A and B, and Eriobrucinol. Org Lett 2013; 15:3130-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol401335u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Suk Yeom
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States, and School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States, and School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States, and School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Richard P. Hsung
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States, and School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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44
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Du Y, Krenske EH, Antoline JE, Lohse AG, Houk KN, Hsung RP. Control of regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in (4 + 3) cycloadditions of chiral oxyallyls with unsymmetrically disubstituted furans. J Org Chem 2013; 78:1753-9. [PMID: 22849303 DOI: 10.1021/jo3011792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The regioselectivities and stereoselectivities of ZnCl2-catalyzed (4 + 3) cycloadditions between chiral oxazolidinone-substituted oxyallyls and unsymmetrical disubstituted furans have been determined. The substitution pattern on the furan is found to provide a valuable tool for controlling the stereochemistry (endo-I or endo-II) of the 7-membered cycloadduct. While cycloadditions with monosubstituted furans usually favor endo-I products, from addition of the furan to the more crowded face of the oxyallyl, cycloadditions with 2,3- and 2,5-disubstituted furans instead favor the endo-II stereochemistry. Density functional theory calculations are performed to account for the selectivities. For monosubstituted furans, the crowded transition state leading to the endo-I cycloadduct is stabilized by an edge-to-face interaction between the furan and the oxazolidinone 4-Ph group, but this stabilization is overcome by steric clashing if the furan bears a 2-CO2R group or is 2,3-disubstituted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
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45
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Zhu W, Fang J, Liu Y, Ren J, Wang Z. Lewis acid catalyzed formal intramolecular [3+2] cross-cycloaddition of cyclopropane 1,1-diesters with alkenes: general and efficient strategy for construction of bridged [n.2.1] carbocyclic skeletons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2032-7. [PMID: 23307402 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenju Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, 94# Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
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46
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Zhu W, Fang J, Liu Y, Ren J, Wang Z. Lewis Acid Catalyzed Formal Intramolecular [3+2] Cross-Cycloaddition of Cyclopropane 1,1-Diesters with Alkenes: General and Efficient Strategy for Construction of Bridged [n
.2.1] Carbocyclic Skeletons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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47
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Vander Wal MN, Dilger AK, MacMillan DWC. Development of a generic activation mode: nucleophilic α-substitution of ketones via oxy-allyl cations. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51266e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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48
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Biomimetic diversity-oriented synthesis of benzannulated medium rings via ring expansion. Nat Chem Biol 2012; 9:21-9. [PMID: 23160003 PMCID: PMC3556477 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nature has exploited medium-sized 8- to 11-membered rings in a variety of natural products to address diverse and challenging biological targets. However, due to the limitations of conventional cyclization-based approaches to medium-ring synthesis, these structures remain severely underrepresented in current probe and drug discovery efforts. To address this problem, we have established an alternative, biomimetic ring expansion approach to the diversity-oriented synthesis of medium-ring libraries. Oxidative dearomatization of bicyclic phenols affords polycyclic cyclohexadienones that undergo efficient ring expansion to form benzannulated medium-ring scaffolds found in natural products. The ring expansion reaction can be induced using three complementary reagents that avoid competing dienone–phenol rearrangements and is driven by rearomatization of a phenol ring adjacent to the scissile bond. Cheminformatic analysis of the resulting first-generation library confirms that these molecules occupy chemical space overlapping with medium-ring natural products and distinct from that of synthetic drugs and drug-like libraries.
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49
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Deng J, Hsung RP, Ko C. Gassman’s Cationic [2 + 2] Cycloadditions Using Temporary Tethers. Org Lett 2012; 14:5562-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3026796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Deng
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Rennebohm Hall, 777 Highland Avenue, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222, United States
| | - Richard P. Hsung
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Rennebohm Hall, 777 Highland Avenue, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222, United States
| | - Changhong Ko
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Rennebohm Hall, 777 Highland Avenue, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222, United States
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50
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Tang Q, Chen X, Tiwari B, Chi YR. Addition of indoles to oxyallyl cations for facile access to α-indole carbonyl compounds. Org Lett 2012; 14:1922-5. [PMID: 22455439 DOI: 10.1021/ol300591z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A direct coupling of unprotected indoles and α-halo ketones via in situ generated oxyallyl cation intermediates is described. The reactions efficiently afford α-indole carbonyl compounds with good to quantitative yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tang
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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