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Elhady SS, Habib ES, Abdelhameed RFA, Goda MS, Hazem RM, Mehanna ET, Helal MA, Hosny KM, Diri RM, Hassanean HA, Ibrahim AK, Eltamany EE, Abdelmohsen UR, Ahmed SA. Anticancer Effects of New Ceramides Isolated from the Red Sea Red Algae Hypnea musciformis in a Model of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma: LC-HRMS Analysis Profile and Molecular Modeling. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20010063. [PMID: 35049918 PMCID: PMC8778197 DOI: 10.3390/md20010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Different classes of phytochemicals were previously isolated from the Red Sea algae Hypnea musciformis as sterols, ketosteroids, fatty acids, and terpenoids. Herein, we report the isolation of three fatty acids-docosanoic acid 4, hexadecenoic acid 5, and alpha hydroxy octadecanoic acid 6-as well as three ceramides-A (1), B (2), and C (3)-with 9-methyl-sphinga-4,8-dienes and phytosphingosine bases. Additionally, different phytochemicals were determined using the liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-HRMS) technique. Ceramides A (1) and B (2) exhibited promising in vitro cytotoxic activity against the human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line when compared with doxorubicin as a positive control. Further in vivo study and biochemical estimation in a mouse model of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) revealed that both ceramides A (1) and B (2) at doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg, respectively, significantly decreased the tumor size in mice inoculated with EAC cells. The higher dose (2 mg/kg) of ceramide B (2) particularly expressed the most pronounced decrease in serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor -B (VEGF-B) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) markers, as well as the expression levels of the growth factor midkine in tumor tissue relative to the EAC control group. The highest expression of apoptotic factors, p53, Bax, and caspase 3 was observed in the same group that received 2 mg/kg of ceramide B (2). Molecular docking simulations suggested that ceramides A (1) and B (2) could bind in the deep grove between the H2 helix and the Ser240-P250 loop of p53, preventing its interaction with MDM2 and leading to its accumulation. In conclusion, this study reports the cytotoxic, apoptotic, and antiangiogenic effects of ceramides isolated from the Red Sea algae Hypnea musciformis in an experimental model of EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Eman S. Habib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Reda F. A. Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala 43713, Egypt;
| | - Marwa S. Goda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Reem M. Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Eman T. Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Helal
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Reem M. Diri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hashim A. Hassanean
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Amany K. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Enas E. Eltamany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Safwat A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +20-010-92638387
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Budzałek G, Śliwińska-Wilczewska S, Wiśniewska K, Wochna A, Bubak I, Latała A, Wiktor JM. Macroalgal Defense against Competitors and Herbivores. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7865. [PMID: 34360628 PMCID: PMC8346039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae are the source of many harmful allelopathic compounds, which are synthesized as a defense strategy against competitors and herbivores. Therefore, it can be predicted that certain species reduce aquaculture performance. Herein, the allelopathic ability of 123 different taxa of green, red, and brown algae have been summarized based on literature reports. Research on macroalgae and their allelopathic effects on other animal organisms was conducted primarily in Australia, Mexico, and the United States. Nevertheless, there are also several scientific reports in this field from South America and Asia; the study areas in the latter continents coincide with areas where aquaculture is highly developed and widely practiced. Therefore, the allelopathic activity of macroalgae on coexisting animals is an issue that is worth careful investigation. In this work, we characterize the distribution of allelopathic macroalgae and compare them with aquaculture locations, describe the methods for the study of macroalgal allelopathy, present the taxonomic position of allelopathic macroalgae and their impact on coexisting aquatic competitors (Cnidaria) and herbivores (Annelida, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Chordata), and compile information on allelopathic compounds produced by different macroalgae species. This work gathers the current knowledge on the phenomenon of macroalgal allelopathy and their allelochemicals affecting aquatic animal (competitors and predators) worldwide and it provides future research directions for this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracjana Budzałek
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, P-81-378 Gdynia, Poland; (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Sylwia Śliwińska-Wilczewska
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, P-81-378 Gdynia, Poland; (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Kinga Wiśniewska
- Division of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, P-81-378 Gdynia, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Wochna
- GIS Centre, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, P-81-378 Gdynia, Poland;
| | - Iwona Bubak
- Division of Hydrology, Institute of Geography, University of Gdansk, P-80-309 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Adam Latała
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, P-81-378 Gdynia, Poland; (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Józef Maria Wiktor
- Department of Marine Ecology, Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, P-81-779 Sopot, Poland;
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Lu Y, Chen Y, Wu Y, Hao H, Liang W, Liu J, Huang R. Marine unsaturated fatty acids: structures, bioactivities, biosynthesis and benefits. RSC Adv 2019; 9:35312-35327. [PMID: 35528072 PMCID: PMC9074775 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08119d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) are an important category of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids with nutritional properties. These secondary metabolites have been obtained from multitudinous natural resources, including marine organisms. Because of the increasing numerous biological importance of these marine derived molecules, this review covers 147 marine originated UFAs reported from 1978 to 2018. The review will focus on the structural characterizations, biological properties, proposed biosynthetic processes, and healthy benefits mediated by gut microbiota of these marine naturally originated UFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfang Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China +86 20 8528 3448
| | - Yinning Chen
- Guangdong Polytechnic College 526100 Zhaoqing China
| | - Yulin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China +86 20 8528 3448
| | - Huili Hao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China +86 20 8528 3448
| | - Wenjing Liang
- Longgang No. 2 Vocational School Shenzhen 518104 China
| | - Jun Liu
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang 524023 China +86 7592388240
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China +86 20 8528 3448
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Das UN. Arachidonic acid and other unsaturated fatty acids and some of their metabolites function as endogenous antimicrobial molecules: A review. J Adv Res 2018; 11:57-66. [PMID: 30034876 PMCID: PMC6052656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our body is endowed with several endogenous anti-microbial compounds such as interferon, cytokines, free radicals, etc. However, little attention has been paid to the possibility that lipids could function as antimicrobial compounds. In this short review, the antimicrobial actions of various polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, mainly free acids) and their putative mechanisms of action are described. In general, PUFAs kill microbes by their direct action on microbial cell membranes, enhancing generation of free radicals, augmenting the formation of lipid peroxides that are cytotoxic, and by increasing the formation of their bioactive metabolites, such as prostaglandins, lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins that enhance the phagocytic action of leukocytes and macrophages. Higher intakes of α-linolenic and cis-linoleic acids (ALA and LA respectively) and fish (a rich source of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) might reduce the risk pneumonia. Previously, it was suggested that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): linoleic, α-linolenic, γ-linolenic (GLA), dihomo-GLA (DGLA), arachidonic (AA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) function as endogenous anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-parasitic, and immunomodulating agents. A variety of bacteria are sensitive to the growth inhibitory actions of LA and ALA in vitro. Hydrolyzed linseed oil can kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Both LA and AA have the ability to inactivate herpes, influenza, Sendai, and Sindbis virus within minutes of contact. AA, EPA, and DHA induce death of Plasmodium falciparum both in vitro and in vivo. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and prostaglandin A (PGA), derived from DGLA, AA, and EPA inhibit viral replication and show anti-viral activity. Oral mucosa, epidermal cells, lymphocytes and macrophages contain and release significant amounts of PUFAs on stimulation. PUFAs stimulate NADPH-dependent superoxide production by macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes to kill the invading microorganisms. Cytokines induce the release of PUFAs from cell membrane lipid pool, a potential mechanism for their antimicrobial action. AA, EPA, and DHA give rise to lipoxins (LXs), resolvins, protectins, and maresins that limit and resolve inflammation and have antimicrobial actions. Thus, PUFAs and their metabolites have broad antimicrobial actions.
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Nogueira RBSS, Tomaz ACA, Pessoa DR, Xavier AL, Pita JCLR, Sobral MV, Pontes MLC, Pessôa HLF, Diniz MFFM, Miranda GEC, Vieira MAR, Marques MOM, Souza MDFV, Cunha EVL. Brown Algae Padina sanctae-crucis Børgesen: A Potential Nutraceutical. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E251. [PMID: 28954390 PMCID: PMC5666402 DOI: 10.3390/md15100251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Padina sanctae-crucis Børgesen is distributed worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas; belongs to the Dictyotaceae family, and has proven to be an exceptional source of biologically active compounds. Four compounds were isolated and identified, namely: dolastane diterpene new for the genus Padina; phaeophytin and hidroxy-phaeophytin new for the family Dictyotaceae, and; mannitol first described in this species. Saturated fatty acids as compared to the percentages of unsaturated fatty acids were shown to be present in greater abundance. Palmitic and linolenic acid were the main saturated and unsaturated acids, respectively. Cytotoxic and antioxidant activities were evaluated using human erythrocytes. In vivo evaluations of acute toxicity and genotoxicity were performed in mice. Methanolic extract of P.sanctae-crucis presented antioxidant activity and did not induce cytotoxicity, genotoxicity or acute toxicity. Since Padina sanctae-crucis is already used as food, has essential fatty acids for the nutrition of mammals, does not present toxicity and has antioxidant activity, it can be considered as a potential nutraceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel B S S Nogueira
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
| | - Anna Cláudia A Tomaz
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
| | - Déborah R Pessoa
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
| | - Aline L Xavier
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
| | - João Carlos L R Pita
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
| | - Marianna V Sobral
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
| | - Marcela L C Pontes
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
| | - Hilzeth L F Pessôa
- Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
| | - Margareth F F M Diniz
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
| | - George Emmanuel C Miranda
- Department of Systematics and Ecology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
| | - Maria Aparecida R Vieira
- Center of R&D of Plant Genetic Resources, Agronomical Institute, CP28, Campinas 13001-970, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcia O M Marques
- Center of R&D of Plant Genetic Resources, Agronomical Institute, CP28, Campinas 13001-970, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria de Fátima V Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
| | - Emídio V L Cunha
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil.
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Barbosa M, Valentão P, Andrade PB. Biologically Active Oxylipins from Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Routes in Macroalgae. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:23. [PMID: 26805855 PMCID: PMC4728519 DOI: 10.3390/md14010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine algae are rich and heterogeneous sources of great chemical diversity, among which oxylipins are a well-recognized class of natural products. Algal oxylipins comprise an assortment of oxygenated, halogenated, and unsaturated functional groups and also several carbocycles, varying in ring size and position in lipid chain. Besides the discovery of structurally diverse oxylipins in macroalgae, research has recently deciphered the role of some of these metabolites in the defense and innate immunity of photosynthetic marine organisms. This review is an attempt to comprehensively cover the available literature on the chemistry, biosynthesis, ecology, and potential bioactivity of oxylipins from marine macroalgae. For a better understanding, enzymatic and nonenzymatic routes were separated; however, both processes often occur concomitantly and may influence each other, even producing structurally related molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Barbosa
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
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Park NH, Choi JS, Hwang SY, Kim YC, Hong YK, Cho KK, Choi IS. Antimicrobial activities of stearidonic and gamma-linolenic acids from the green seaweed Enteromorpha linza against several oral pathogenic bacteria. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2013; 54:39. [PMID: 28510876 PMCID: PMC5432978 DOI: 10.1186/1999-3110-54-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We found that the edible green seaweed Enteromorpha linza displayed potent antimicrobial activity against Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis. To elucidate the active component of E. linza, isolation procedures were performed. RESULTS The main active compound was isolated by polarity fractionation, Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The active compounds were eluted at isocratic 95% acetonitrile by RP-HPLC and identified as unsaturated fatty acids, stearidonic acid (SA, C18:4 n-3) and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, C18:3 n-6) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The yields of SA and GLA from dried seaweed tissue were 6.33 × 10-3% and 6.47 × 10-3%, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration values of SA and GLA were 39.06 μg/mL against P. intermedia and 9.76 μg/mL against P. gingivalis, respectively. SA and GLA were also active against several other oral pathogens, including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Candida albicans, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. vincenti, and Streptococcus mutans, at micromolar concentrations. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the E. linza extracts SA and GLA are useful antimicrobial agents for the prevention and/or treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hee Park
- Gijang Local Products Co. Ltd, Ilgwang-myeon, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-911 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Choi
- RIS Center, IACF, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan, 617-736 Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Yeong Hwang
- Gijang Local Products Co. Ltd, Ilgwang-myeon, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-911 Republic of Korea
| | - Yang-Chun Kim
- Gijang Local Products Co. Ltd, Ilgwang-myeon, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-911 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ki Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Nam-gu, Busan, 608-737 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Keun Cho
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 660-758 Republic of Korea
| | - In Soon Choi
- RIS Center, IACF, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan, 617-736 Republic of Korea
- Depertment of Biological Science, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan, 617-736 Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Marine organisms are potentially prolific sources of highly bioactive secondary metabolites that might represent useful leads in the development of new pharmaceutical agents. Algae can be classified into two main groups; first one is the microalgae, which includes blue green algae, dinoflagellates, bacillariophyta (diatoms)… etc., and second one is macroalgae (seaweeds) which includes green, brown and red algae. The microalgae phyla have been recognized to provide chemical and pharmacological novelty and diversity. Moreover, microalgae are considered as the actual producers of some highly bioactive compounds found in marine resources. Red algae are considered as the most important source of many biologically active metabolites in comparison to other algal classes. Seaweeds are used for great number of application by man. The principal use of seaweeds as a source of human food and as a source of gums (phycocollides). Phycocolloides like agar agar, alginic acid and carrageenan are primarily constituents of brown and red algal cell walls and are widely used in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. El Gamal
- Dept. of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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de Almeida CG, Garbois GD, Amaral LM, Diniz CC, Le Hyaric M. Relationship between structure and antibacterial activity of lipophilic N-acyldiamines. Biomed Pharmacother 2009; 64:287-90. [PMID: 19942397 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report in this work the preparation and antibacterial evaluation of a series of N-monoacylated diamines against six Gram-positive and 11 Gram-negative bacteria. The results obtained showed the existence of relationship between lipophilicity and antibacterial activity of the tested compounds. The best results were obtained against Gram-positive bacteria for compounds having a 10-12 carbons alkyl chain. Compound 4e was the most active against Microccus lentus (MIC=2 microg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (MIC=4 microg/mL) and Enterobacter aerogenes CDC 1680 (MIC=8 microg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila G de Almeida
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Kumaraswamy G, Padmaja M. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Eicosanoid and Its Congener, Using Organocatalytic Cyclopropanation, and Catalytic Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions as Key Steps. J Org Chem 2008; 73:5198-201. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800631z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gullapalli Kumaraswamy
- Organic Division III, Fine Chemicals Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 607, India
| | - Mogilisetti Padmaja
- Organic Division III, Fine Chemicals Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 607, India
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Tolstikov AG, Tolstikov GA. Natural aliphatic oxygenated unsaturated acids. Synthesis and biological activity. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/rc1996v065n05abeh000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Zheng CJ, Yoo JS, Lee TG, Cho HY, Kim YH, Kim WG. Fatty acid synthesis is a target for antibacterial activity of unsaturated fatty acids. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:5157-62. [PMID: 16146629 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2005] [Revised: 08/15/2005] [Accepted: 08/16/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid, show antibacterial activity and are the key ingredients of antimicrobial food additives and some antibacterial herbs. However, the precise mechanism for this antimicrobial activity remains unclear. We found that linoleic acid inhibited bacterial enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (FabI), an essential component of bacterial fatty acid synthesis, which has served as a promising target for antibacterial drugs. Additional unsaturated fatty acids including palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid also exhibited the inhibition of FabI. However, neither the saturated form (stearic acid) nor the methyl ester of linoleic acid inhibited FabI. These FabI-inhibitory activities of various fatty acids and their derivatives very well correlated with the inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis using [(14)C] acetate incorporation assay, and importantly, also correlated with antibacterial activity. Furthermore, the supplementation with exogenous fatty acids reversed the antibacterial effect of linoleic acid, which showing that it target fatty acid synthesis. Our data demonstrate for the first time that the antibacterial action of unsaturated fatty acids is mediated by the inhibition of fatty acid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ji Zheng
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 115, Yusong, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
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Jiang ZD, Gerwick WH. Novel oxylipins from the temperate red alga Polyneura latissima: evidence for an arachidonate 9(S)-lipoxygenase. Lipids 1997; 32:231-5. [PMID: 9076659 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-997-0029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The oxylipin chemistry of the temperate red alga Polyneura latissima has been investigated. The structures of three novel oxylipins, 8-[1'(Z),3'(Z),6'(Z)-dodecatriene-1'-oxy]- 5(Z),7(E)-octadienoic acid, 7(S*)-hydroxy-8(S*),9(S*)-epoxy-5(Z),11(Z),14(Z)-eicosatrienoic acid, 7(R*)-hydroxy-8(S*),9(S*)-epoxy-5(Z),11(Z),14(Z)-eicosatrienoic acid, together with two known eicosanoids, 9(S)-hydroxy-5(Z),7(E),11(Z),14(Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid, and 9,15-dihydroxy-5(Z),7(E),11(Z),13(E)-eicosatetraenoic acid, were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and chemical degradation. The oxygenation pattern of these oxylipins suggests that P. latissima metabolizes polyunsaturated fatty acids via a 9(S)-lipoxygenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z D Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA
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14
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Jie MSFLK, Pasha MK, Syed-Rahmatullah MSK. Fatty acids, fatty acid analogues and their derivatives. Nat Prod Rep 1997. [DOI: 10.1039/np9971400163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Marchand NJ, Grée DM, Martelli JT, Grée RL, Toupet LJ. Synthesis and Reactivity of Cross-Conjugated Polyenones with a Planar Chirality. J Org Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9603643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie J. Marchand
- Laboratoire de Synthèses et Activations de Biomolécules, CNRS URA 1467, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Danielle M. Grée
- Laboratoire de Synthèses et Activations de Biomolécules, CNRS URA 1467, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Jacques T. Martelli
- Laboratoire de Synthèses et Activations de Biomolécules, CNRS URA 1467, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - René L. Grée
- Laboratoire de Synthèses et Activations de Biomolécules, CNRS URA 1467, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Loïc J. Toupet
- Groupe Matière Condensée et Matériaux, CNRS URA 804, Université de Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
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16
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Caló V, Lopez L, Nacci A, Mele G. Aminium Salts Induced Desulphurization of Allyl and Diallyl Thiiranes. Synthesis of Dienes and Trienes. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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18
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19
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A new eicosapentaenoic acid formed from arachidonic acid in the coralline red algaeBossiella orbigniana. Lipids 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02544012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Lopez L, Troisi L, Mele G. Electron-transfer reactions of hindered olefins induced by aminium salts. Tetrahedron Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)71233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Guerriero A, D'Ambrosio M, Pietra F. Novel Hydroxyicosatetraenoic and Hydroxyicosapentaenoic Acids and a 13-Oxo Analog. Isolation from a Mixture of the Calcareous Red AlgaeLithothamnion corallioides andLithothamnion calcareum of Brittany Waters. Helv Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19900730815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Moghaddam MF, Gerwick WH, Ballantine DL. Discovery of the mammalian insulin release modulator, hepoxilin B3, from the tropical red algae Platysiphonia miniata and Cottoniella filamentosa. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)39301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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23
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Nagle DG, Gerwick WH. Isolation and structure of constanolactones A and B, new cyclopropyl hydroxy-eicosanoids from the temperate red alga constantinea simplex. Tetrahedron Lett 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)89007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Solem ML, Jiang ZD, Gerwick WH. Three new and bioactive icosanoids from the temperate red marine alga Farlowia mollis. Lipids 1989; 24:256-60. [PMID: 2547132 DOI: 10.1007/bf02535159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three new dihydroxyicosanoids, 12(R),13(R)-dihydroxyicosa-5(Z),8(Z),10(E),14(Z)-tetraenoic acid, 12(R),13(R)-dihydroxyicosa-5(Z),8(Z),10(E),14(Z),17(Z)-pentaeno ic acid and 10(R*),11(R*)-dihydroxyoctadeca-6(Z),8(E),12(Z)-trienoic acid, have been isolated from a previously unstudied temperate red marine alga, Farlowia mollis (Cryptonemiales, Rhodophyta). The structures of these new metabolites have been deduced from detailed nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry analyses on stabilized diacetate-methyl esters and stereochemistry deduced by 1H NMR couplings and CD analysis of a dibenzoate derivative. Collectively, these new natural products modulate fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation in human neutrophils, inhibit the conversion of arachidonic acid to lipoxygenase products by human neutrophils, and inhibit the functioning of the dog kidney Na+/K+ ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Solem
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
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Moghaddam MF, Gerwick WH, Ballantine DL. Discovery of 12-(S)-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-icosatetraenoic acid [12-(S)-HETE] in the tropical red alga Platysiphonia miniata. PROSTAGLANDINS 1989; 37:303-8. [PMID: 2727309 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(89)90065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The potent mammalian immunohormone, 12-(S)-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-icosatetraenoic acid (12-(S)-HETE), is a 12-lipoxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid that is widely distributed in animal tissues. In humans, it is produced and secreted by platelet cells and elicits both chemotactic and degranulatory responses in target neutrophils. As widely as 12-lipoxygenase activity and one of its major products, 12-(S)-HETE, have been found in animal tissues, it has never been found in plants. Herein, we report the first isolation of the 12-lipoxygenase product, 12-(S)-HETE, from a plant, the tropical marine alga Platysiphonia miniata (C. Agardh) Børgesen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Moghaddam
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Cornwallis 97331
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