Total synthesis of new 1,5-bissubstituted myo-inositol derivatives. Synthesis of D-myo-inositol 1,5-bisphosphate, 3,5-bisphosphate and of rac. 1,5-Bissulphated and 1,5-bissulphamoylated isosteric analogues

Potter BV. Synthetic tools for studying the chemical biology of InsP8

To synthesise stabilised mimics of InsP8, the most phosphorylated inositol phosphate signalling molecule in Nature, we replaced its two diphosphate (PP) groups with either phosphonoacetate (PA) or methylenebisphosphonate (PCP) groups. Utility of the PA and PCP analogues was verified by structural and biochemical analyses of their interactions with enzymes of InsP8 metabolism.

Natural Product Primary Sulfonamides and Primary Sulfamates

Primary sulfonamide and primary sulfamate functional groups feature prominently in the structures of U.S. FDA-approved drugs. However, the natural product chemical space contains few examples of these well-known zinc-binding chemotypes, with just two primary sulfonamide and five primary sulfamate natural products isolated and characterized to date. One of these natural products was isolated from a marine sponge, with the remainder isolated from Streptomyces species. In this review are outlined for the first time the discovery, isolation, striking breadth of bioactivity, and total synthesis (where available) for this rare group of natural products.

Synthesis and biological activity of metabolically stabilized cyclopentyl trisphosphate analogues of D-myo-Ins(1,4,5)P3

We describe the synthesis of four novel metabolically stabilized analogues of Ins(1,4,5)P(3) based on the known cyclopentane pentaol tris(phosphate) 2: tris(phosphorothioate) 3, tris(methylenephosphate) 4, tris(sulfonamide) 5, and tris(sulfate) 6. Of these analogues, only the tris(phosphorothioate) 3 and parent tris(phosphate) 2 bound to the type I InsP(3)R construct. In addition, both the tris(phosphorothioate) 3 and parent tris(phosphate) 2 elicited calcium release in MDA MB-435 breast cancer cells. The Ins(1,4,5)P(3) agonist activities of these two compounds can be rationalized on the basis of computational docking of the ligands to the binding domain of the type I InsP(3)R.

Synthesis and Biological Action of Novel 4-Position-Modified Derivatives of d-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate

The design of a range of 4-position-modified D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate derivatives is described. The enantioselective synthesis of these compounds is reported, along with initial biological analysis, which indicates that these compounds do not act as D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor agonists or antagonists.

Membrane-Permeant 3-OH-Phosphorylated Phosphoinositide Derivatives

A crucial role in the regulation of epithelial chloride secretion is played by the phosphoinositide PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 . Membrane-permeant derivatives of this and other naturally occurring phosphoinositides have been synthesized. These derivatives, which can be bioactivated, were used in investigations on nasal epithelia of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis.

Enzymatic resolution of racemic 1,2:5,6-di-O-cyclohexylidene and 1,2:3,4-di-O-cyclohexylidene-myo-inositol

Enzyme-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective esterification of racemic 1,2:5,6-di-O-cyclohexylidene- and 1,2:3,4-di-O-cyclohexylidene-myo-inositol, which are key intermediates for syntheses of various naturally occurring myo-inositol phosphate derivatives, proceeded exclusively in organic solvent to give optically pure materials and selectively protected products in gram scale. Hydrolysis of mono-O-acetates of the corresponding racemic materials catalyzed by the same enzymes yielded complementary products. The present study provides a new and efficient method for obtaining optically pure myo-inositol derivatives.

Synthesis of analogues of myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate that contain sulfonamide, sulfate, methylphosphonate, and carboxymethyl groups

The syntheses are described of four isosteric racemic myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (1) analogues with the phosphate groups replaced by sulfonamide (2), sulfate (3), methylphosphonate (4), and carboxymethyl (5). None of these compounds had any affinity for the IP3 receptor or induced platelet aggregation.