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Renault J, Bouvry C, Cupif JF, Hurvois JP. Alkylation of N, N-Dibenzylaminoacetonitrile: From Five- to Seven-Membered Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Systems. J Org Chem 2023; 88:3582-3598. [PMID: 36848662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses of several alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds including N-Boc-coniine (14b), pyrrolizidine (1), δ-coniceine (2), and pyrrolo[1,2a]azepine (3) are described. New C-C bonds in the α position relative to the nitrogen atom were formed by the alkylation of metalated α-aminonitriles 4 and 6a-c with alkyl iodides possessing the requisite size and functionality. In all of the reported cases, the pyrrolidine ring was formed in the aqueous medium through a favorable 5-exo-tet process involving a primary or a secondary amino group and a terminal δ-leaving group. Conversely, the azepane ring was efficiently formed in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), as the preferred aprotic solvent, through an unreported 7-exo-tet cyclization process involving a more nucleophilic sodium amide and a terminal mesylate borne by a saturated six carbon chain unit. In this way, we successfully synthesized pyrrolo[1,2a]azepane 3 and 2-propyl-azepane 14c in good yields from inexpensive and readily available materials without tedious separation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Renault
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Christelle Bouvry
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Eugène Marquis, Avenue de la Bataille Flandre-Dunkerque, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-François Cupif
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Hurvois
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Carmona RC, Köster OD, Correia CRD. Chiral N,N Ligands Enabling Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Heck-Matsuda Carbonylation Reactions by Sequential Migratory and CO Insertions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela C. Carmona
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas; Josué de Castro 10384-612 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Otto D. Köster
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas; Josué de Castro 10384-612 São Paulo Brazil
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Carmona RC, Köster OD, Correia CRD. Chiral N,N Ligands Enabling Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Heck-Matsuda Carbonylation Reactions by Sequential Migratory and CO Insertions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12067-12070. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela C. Carmona
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas; Josué de Castro 10384-612 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Otto D. Köster
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas; Josué de Castro 10384-612 São Paulo Brazil
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Abstract
This review of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids (i.e., those in which the parent bicyclic systems are in general not embedded in polycyclic arrays) is an update of the previous coverage in Volume 55 of this series (2001). The present survey covers the literature from mid-1999 to the end of 2013; and in addition to aspects of the isolation, characterization, and biological activity of the alkaloids, much emphasis is placed on their total synthesis. A brief introduction to the topic is followed by an overview of relevant alkaloids from fungal and microbial sources, among them slaframine, cyclizidine, Steptomyces metabolites, and the pantocins. The important iminosugar alkaloids lentiginosine, steviamine, swainsonine, castanospermine, and related hydroxyindolizidines are dealt with in the subsequent section. The fourth and fifth sections cover metabolites from terrestrial plants. Pertinent plant alkaloids bearing alkyl, functionalized alkyl or alkenyl substituents include dendroprimine, anibamine, simple alkaloids belonging to the genera Prosopis, Elaeocarpus, Lycopodium, and Poranthera, and bicyclic alkaloids of the lupin family. Plant alkaloids bearing aryl or heteroaryl substituents include ipalbidine and analogs, secophenanthroindolizidine and secophenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids (among them septicine, julandine, and analogs), ficuseptine, lasubines, and other simple quinolizidines of the Lythraceae, the simple furyl-substituted Nuphar alkaloids, and a mixed quinolizidine-quinazoline alkaloid. The penultimate section of the review deals with the sizable group of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids isolated from, or detected in, ants, mites, and terrestrial amphibians, and includes an overview of the "dietary hypothesis" for the origin of the amphibian metabolites. The final section surveys relevant alkaloids from marine sources, and includes clathryimines and analogs, stellettamides, the clavepictines and pictamine, and bis(quinolizidine) alkaloids.
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Gigant N, Chausset-Boissarie L, Gillaizeau I. Direct metal-catalyzed regioselective functionalization of enamides. Chemistry 2014; 20:7548-64. [PMID: 24862089 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Enamides are stable enamine surrogates and provide key intermediates for the synthesis of small but complex nitrogen-containing compounds. Metal-catalyzed regioselective functionalization of enamides provides a rapid method to synthesize useful nitrogen containing heterocycles. This review discloses the recent progress made in the development of the C-H functionalization of enamides involving efficient and atom-economical routes. Syntheses of different heterocycles are classified based on the site reactivity of enamides and key mechanistic insights are given for each transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gigant
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR 7311, CNRS, Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, 45067 Orléans cedex 2 (France), Fax: (+33) 2-38-41-72-81
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Polindara-García LA, Miranda LD. Two-Step Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydropyrroles via a Formal 5-endo Cycloisomerization of Ugi 4-CR/Propargyl Adducts. Org Lett 2012; 14:5408-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3024727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Polindara-García
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Luis D. Miranda
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
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Chandrasekhar B, Prasada Rao J, Venkateswara Rao B, Naresh P. [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement approach to iminosugar C-glycosides: 5-epi-ethylfagomine, 2-epi-5-deoxyadenophorine and formal synthesis of indolizidine 167B and 209D. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gopalaiah K, Kagan HB. Use of Nonfunctionalized Enamides and Enecarbamates in Asymmetric Synthesis. Chem Rev 2011; 111:4599-657. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100031f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kovuru Gopalaiah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (UMR 8182, CNRS), Laboratoire de Catalyse Moléculaire, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Henri B. Kagan
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (UMR 8182, CNRS), Laboratoire de Catalyse Moléculaire, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
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The first intramolecular Heck–Matsuda reaction and its application in the syntheses of benzofurans and indoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kozak JA, Dodd JM, Harrison TJ, Jardine KJ, Patrick BO, Dake GR. Enamides and enesulfonamides as nucleophiles: formation of complex ring systems through a platinum(II)-catalyzed addition/Friedel-Crafts pathway. J Org Chem 2010; 74:6929-35. [PMID: 19689099 DOI: 10.1021/jo901512m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic enamine derivatives (enesulfonamides and enamides) tethered to an 1-arylalkynyl fragment undergo a platinum(II)-catalyzed tandem alkyne addition/Friedel-Crafts ring closure to form nitrogen-containing polycyclic structures. Regioselectivity in the initial addition of the enesulfonamide or enamide nucleophile to the platinum(II)-alkyne complex is important. Electron-rich arenes and heterocycles led to the formation of products resulting from an initial 6-endo cyclization. Twenty-three examples of this process are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Kozak
- Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
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M. Heravi M, Fazeli A. Recent Advances in the Application of the Heck Reaction in the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-10-675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Comesse S, Daïch A, Kadouri-Puchot C, Affani R, Hamon L. An Enantioselective Approach to Synthesis of Advanced Chiral Templates for the Construction of Indolic and Indolizidinic Alkaloids. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-11690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Alegret C, Riera A. Enantioselective Synthesis of Indolizidine Alkaloid trans-209D. J Org Chem 2008; 73:8661-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jo801645p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alegret
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA-PCB), Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), and Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona c/ Baldiri Reixac, 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA-PCB), Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), and Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona c/ Baldiri Reixac, 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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Angle SR, Kim M. A General Approach to 3-n-Butyl-5-alkylindolizidines: Total Synthesis of (−)-Indolizidine 195B. J Org Chem 2007; 72:8791-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo7015423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven R. Angle
- Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaRiverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403
| | - Musong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaRiverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403
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Remuson R. A convenient allylsilane-N-acyliminium route toward indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids. Beilstein J Org Chem 2007; 3:32. [PMID: 17910752 PMCID: PMC2148044 DOI: 10.1186/1860-5397-3-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This review relates all the results that we obtained in the field of the total synthesis of indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids using a strategy of the addition of an allylsilane on an N-acyliminium ion. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of racemic indolizidine 167B and chiral indolizidines: (-)-indolizidines 167B, 195B, 223AB, (+)-monomorine, (-)-(3R,5S,8aS)-3-butyl-5-propylindolizidine and (-)-dendroprimine. Next, we relate the synthesis that we have developed in the quinolizidines field: (±)-myrtine and epimyrtine, (±)-lasubines I and II and chiral quinolizidines: (+)-myrtine, (-)-epimyrtine, (-)-lasubines I and II and (+)-subcosine II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Remuson
- UMR 6504, CNRS Université Blaise Pascal (Clermont-Fd), 63177 Aubière Cédex, France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilson Zeni
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Cai G, Zhu W, Ma D. A sequential reaction process to assemble polysubstituted indolizidines, quinolizidines and quinolizidine analogues. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kuninobu Y, Nishimura S, Takai K. Isocyanate acting as a carbonyl precursor: pyridyl group-assisted formation of 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones from ketimines and isocyanates. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 4:203-5. [PMID: 16391761 DOI: 10.1039/b516916j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By the reactions of ketimines bearing a pyridyl or a picolyl group on a nitrogen atom of the imine moiety with tosylisocyanate, 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives could be obtained in quantitative yields. In these reactions, tosylisocyanate acts as a carbonyl precursor. The pyridyl or picolyl group is a key functional group because it is not only the constituent structure of the 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one framework but also the promoter of the formation of a ketene intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Kuninobu
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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Balcells D, Maseras F, Keay BA, Ziegler T. Polyene Cyclization by a Double Intramolecular Heck Reaction. A DFT Study. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om034310c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Balcells
- Unitat de Química Física, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Unitat de Química Física, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Brian A. Keay
- Unitat de Química Física, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Tom Ziegler
- Unitat de Química Física, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
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Dounay AB, Overman LE. The asymmetric intramolecular Heck reaction in natural product total synthesis. Chem Rev 2003; 103:2945-64. [PMID: 12914487 DOI: 10.1021/cr020039h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1211] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy B Dounay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA
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Pohmakotr M, Numechai P, Prateeptongkum S, Tuchinda P, Reutrakul V. A general synthetic route to 1-azabicyclo[m.n.0]alkenes via cyclisation based on α-sulfinyl carbanions. Org Biomol Chem 2003; 1:3495-7. [PMID: 14599008 DOI: 10.1039/b308383g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The intramolecular nucleophilic addition of alpha-sulfinyl carbanions derived from the corresponding sufinyl lactams afforded 1-azabicyclo[m.n.0]alkenes in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manat Pohmakotr
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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