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Pérez O, Stanzani A, Huang L, Schipper N, Loftsson T, Bollmark M, Marigo V. New Improved cGMP Analogues to Target Rod Photoreceptor Degeneration. J Med Chem 2024; 67:8396-8405. [PMID: 38688030 PMCID: PMC11129186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a form of retinal degeneration affecting a young population with an unmet medical need. Photoreceptor degeneration has been associated with increased guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), which reaches toxic levels for photoreceptors. Therefore, inhibitory cGMP analogues attract interest for RP treatments. Here we present the synthesis of dithio-CN03, a phosphorodithioate analogue of cGMP, prepared using the H-phosphonothioate route. Two crystal modifications were identified as a trihydrate and a tetrahydrofuran monosolvates. Dithio-CN03 featured a lower aqueous solubility than its RP-phosphorothioate counterpart CN03, a drug candidate, and this characteristic might be favorable for sustained-release formulations aimed at retinal delivery. Dithio-CN03 was tested in vitro for its neuroprotective effects in photoreceptor models of RP. The comparison of dithio-CN03 to CN03 and its diastereomer SP-CN03, and to their phosphate derivative oxo-CN03 identifies dithio-CN03 as the compound with the highest efficacy in neuroprotection and thus as a promising new candidate for the treatment of RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Pérez
- Chemical
Processes and Pharmaceutical Development Research Institutes of Sweden, Forskargatan 20 J, 15136 Södertälje, Sweden
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Iceland, Hofsvallagata
53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Agnese Stanzani
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and
Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Li Huang
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and
Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Nicolaas Schipper
- Chemical
Processes and Pharmaceutical Development Research Institutes of Sweden, Forskargatan 20 J, 15136 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Thorsteinn Loftsson
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Iceland, Hofsvallagata
53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Martin Bollmark
- Chemical
Processes and Pharmaceutical Development Research Institutes of Sweden, Forskargatan 20 J, 15136 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Valeria Marigo
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and
Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Nassir M, Balaom L, Fischer B. Addressing regio- and stereo-specificity challenges in the synthesis of nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate analogs - a rapid and facile synthesis of nucleoside-2',3'- O, O-phosphoro-thioate or -selenoate, and elucidation of the origin of the rare specificity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11633-11636. [PMID: 32870217 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02886j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new facile, rapid, stereo- and regio-selective one-pot synthesis of nucleoside-2',3'-O,O-phosphorothioate and selenoate analogs has been developed. This method avoids the need for protection strategies and chiral reagents, chiral metal catalysts, or chiral separations. This synthetic method has been applied to all natural nucleosides (U/A/G/C/T). Furthermore, we have deciphered the origin of the stereo- and regio-selectivity of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molhm Nassir
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
| | - Lara Balaom
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bilha Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
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3
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Rozniewska M, Stawinski J, Kraszewski A. Nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic H-phosphonates, new useful precursors for the synthesis of nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphates and their analogues. Org Lett 2013; 15:4082-5. [PMID: 23905847 DOI: 10.1021/ol4016404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoside H-phosphonates activated with a condensing agent spontaneously formed nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic H-phosphonates. The cyclization was stereoselective and produced one of the P-diastereomers in preponderance (de ca. 80%). Nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic H-phosphonates were stereochemically unstable and underwent epimerization affording the thermodynamically more stable diastereomer as a major product (de ca. 80%). They were susceptible to hydrolysis, transesterification, and oxidation and by changing oxidation protocols nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate analogues, e.g. phosphodiesters, phosphorothioate diesters, and phosphotriesters, were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Rozniewska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
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6
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Rytczak P, Koziołkiewicz M, Okruszek A. The chemical synthesis of phosphorothioate and phosphorodithioate analogues of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and cyclic phosphatidic acid (CPA). NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b9nj00704k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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7
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Dabkowski W, Kazimierczak Ł. O-Methyl-bis-O-(4-nitrophenyl)phosphite: a novel chemoselective O-phosphitylating reagent. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Olesiak M, Stec WJ, Okruszek A. The synthesis of di- and oligo-nucleotides containing a phosphorodithioate internucleotide linkage with one of the sulfur atoms in a 5'-bridging position. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:2162-9. [PMID: 19421455 DOI: 10.1039/b901791g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new type of internucleotide phosphorodithioate linkage is described, wherein one of the sulfur atoms occupies a 5'-bridging position. Representative dinucleotides possessing such a bond were synthesized by S-alkylation of nucleoside-3'-O-phosphorodithioates with 5'-halogeno-5'-deoxy-nucleosides. A fully protected dithymidylate containing internucleotide 5'-S-phosphorodithioate linkage was converted into a 3'-O-phosphoramidite derivative and employed for introduction of a modified dinucleotide into a predetermined position of the oligonucleotide sequence. The 5'-S-phosphorodithioate linkage in dinucleotide analogues was found to be resistant toward nucleolytic degradation with snake venom PDE and nuclease P1. However, P-stereoselective degradation was observed for diastereomers of 5'-S-phosphorodithioate dithymidine analogs under treatment with calf spleen PDE. The new 5'-S-phosphorodithioate linkage was readily degraded by iodine solutions in the presence of water. It was also found that oligothymidylates containing a single 5'-S-phosphorodithioate linkage form much weaker duplexes with their complementary sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Olesiak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
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9
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Li P, Sergueeva ZA, Dobrikov M, Shaw BR. Nucleoside and Oligonucleoside Boranophosphates: Chemistry and Properties. Chem Rev 2007; 107:4746-96. [DOI: 10.1021/cr050009p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Chemistry, Box 90346, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346
| | - Zinaida A. Sergueeva
- Department of Chemistry, Box 90346, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346
| | - Mikhail Dobrikov
- Department of Chemistry, Box 90346, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346
| | - Barbara Ramsay Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, Box 90346, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346
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Amigues EJ, Migaud ME. 2,4-Dinitrophenol as an activating reagent in a facile preparation of cyclic phosphate triesters. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.11.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Bollmark M, Johansson T, Kullberg M, Nilsson J, Stawinski J, Cieslak J, Jankowska J, Sobkowski M, Szymczak M, Wenska M, Kraszewski A. Developing synthetic methods for bioactive phosphorus compounds using H-phosphonate chemistry: a progress report. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2003; 22:617-21. [PMID: 14565239 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-120021966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In this paper a short account of our recent research concerning the development of new synthetic methods and reagents for the preparation of nucleotides and their analogues, is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bollmark
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Stawinski J, Kraszewski A. How to get the most out of two phosphorus chemistries. Studies on H-phosphonates. Acc Chem Res 2002; 35:952-60. [PMID: 12437320 DOI: 10.1021/ar010049p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The biological importance and practical significance of phosphate esters and their analogues have been the major driving forces for research in various areas of synthetic organic phosphorus chemistry. In this Account, the authors' studies on the development of a comprehensive H-phosphonate methodology and the underlying chemistry for the preparation of biologically important phosphate esters and their analogues are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Stawinski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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