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Baidilov D, Elkin PK, Athe S, Rawal VH. Rapid Access to 2,2-Disubstituted Indolines via Dearomative Indolic-Claisen Rearrangement: Concise, Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)-Hinckdentine A. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37364288 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The construction of 2,2-disubstituted indolines has long presented a synthetic challenge without any general solutions. Herein, we report a robust protocol for the dearomative Meerwein-Eschenmoser-Claisen rearrangement of 3-indolyl alcohols that provides efficient access to 2-substituted and 2,2-disubstituted indolines. These versatile subunits are useful for natural product synthesis and medicinal chemistry. The title [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement proceeds in generally excellent yield and transfers the C3-indolic alcohol chirality to the C2 position with high fidelity, thus providing a reliable method for the construction of enantioenriched 2,2-disubstituted indolines. The power of this methodology is demonstrated through the concise and strategically unique total synthesis of the marine natural product hinckdentine A, which features a dearomative Claisen rearrangement, a diastereocontrolled hydrogenation of the alkene product, a one-pot amide-to-oxime conversion using Vaska's complex, and a regioselective late-stage tribromination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daler Baidilov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Pavel K Elkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Sudhakar Athe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Viresh H Rawal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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2
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Zhang Y, Chen Y. Recent advances in catalytic asymmetric [1,3]-rearrangement reactions. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01027e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review covering the recent advances of asymmetric 1,3-rearrangement reactions is divided into four different fields, including transition metal catalysis, nucleophilic catalysis, Brønsted acid catalysis and Lewis acid catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yushuang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
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3
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Alam MN, Dash SR, Mukherjee A, Pandole S, Marelli UK, Vanka K, Maity P. [1,3]-Claisen Rearrangement via Removable Functional Group Mediated Radical Stabilization. Org Lett 2021; 23:890-895. [PMID: 33443431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A thermal O-to-C [1,3]-rearrangement of α-hydroxy acid derived enol ethers was achieved under mild conditions. The 2-aminothiophenol protection of carboxylic acids facilitates formation of the [1,3] precursor and its thermal rearrangement via stabilization of a radical intermediate. Experimental and theoretical evidence for dissociative radical pair formation, its captodative stability via aminothiophenol, and a unique solvent effect are presented. The aminothiophenol was deprotected from rearrangement products as well as after derivatization to useful synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nirshad Alam
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Soumya Ranjan Dash
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Anirban Mukherjee
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Satish Pandole
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Udaya Kiran Marelli
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Pradip Maity
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
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4
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Li Z, Dong S, Liu X, Feng X. Tandem Insertion–[1,3]‐Rearrangement: Highly Enantioselective Construction of α‐Aminoketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8052-8056. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Zhaojing Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Shunxi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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5
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Li Z, Dong S, Liu X, Feng X. Tandem Insertion–[1,3]‐Rearrangement: Highly Enantioselective Construction of α‐Aminoketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Zhaojing Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Shunxi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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6
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Stereoselective synthesis of medium lactams enabled by metal-free hydroalkoxylation/stereospecific [1,3]-rearrangement. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3234. [PMID: 31324800 PMCID: PMC6642132 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rearrangement reactions have attracted considerable interest over the past decades due to their high bond-forming efficiency and atom economy in the construction of complex organic architectures. In contrast to the well-established [3,3]-rearrangement, [1,3] O-to-C rearrangement has been far less vigorously investigated, and stereospecific [1,3]-rearrangement is extremely rare. Here, we report a metal-free intramolecular hydroalkoxylation/[1,3]-rearrangement, leading to the practical and atom-economical assembly of various valuable medium-sized lactams with wide substrate scope and excellent diastereoselectivity. Moreover, such an asymmetric cascade cyclization has also been realized by chiral Brønsted acid-catalyzed kinetic resolution. In addition, biological tests reveal that some of these medium-sized lactams displayed their bioactivity as antitumor agents against melanoma cells, esophageal cancer cells and breast cancer cells. A mechanistic rationale for the reaction is further supported by control experiments and theoretical calculations. Stereospecific [1,3]-rearrangements are rarely reported method to efficiently build complex organic architectures. Here, the authors describe a metal-free intramolecular hydroalkoxylation/[1,3]-rearrangement sequence affording medium-sized lactams with wide scope, also in an asymmetric fashion.
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7
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Abe T, Kosaka Y, Asano M, Harasawa N, Mishina A, Nagasue M, Sugimoto Y, Katakawa K, Sueki S, Anada M, Yamada K. Direct C4-Benzylation of Indoles via Tandem Benzyl Claisen/Cope Rearrangements. Org Lett 2019; 21:826-829. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b04120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Abe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Yuta Kosaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Miku Asano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Natsuki Harasawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Akane Mishina
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Misato Nagasue
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Yuri Sugimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Katakawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi 202-8585, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sueki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi 202-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Anada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi 202-8585, Japan
| | - Koji Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
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8
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Aromatic Claisen Rearrangements of Benzyl Ketene Acetals: Conversion of Benzylic Alcohols to (
ortho
‐Tolyl)acetates. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Hou S, Li X, Xu J. Mechanistic Insight into the Formal [1,3]-Migration in the Thermal Claisen Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2012; 77:10856-69. [PMID: 23150994 DOI: 10.1021/jo302210t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shili Hou
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering,
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyao Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering,
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Xu
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering,
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing,
People’s Republic of China
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10
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Morales-Ríos MS, López-Camacho PY, Jacobo-Cabral CO, Pérez-Rojas NA, Trujillo-Serrato JJ, Burgueño-Tapia E, Suárez-Castillo OR, Joseph-Nathan P. Unimolecular rearrangements of ketene-O,O-acetals and fragmentations occurring in the gas phase. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2011; 46:489-495. [PMID: 21500318 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Gas phase skeletal rearrangements of regioisomeric 3-cyano-2-methoxy-3a-alkylfuro[2,3-b]- and [3,2-b]indoles were evidenced by product ions [M-32](+•), consistent with loss of methanol, on electron ionization in their mass spectra. The rearranged products occurring in gas phase were demonstrated to have elemental composition and fragmentation properties identical to those of authentic samples of 2-indolyl cyanomalonates. Isotopic labeling experiments support the formation mechanism of the [M-32](+•) ion. Additional thermal gas-phase reaction products were characterized by comparison with an authentic sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha S Morales-Ríos
- Departamento de Química Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 Mexico.
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11
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Wang HY, Mueller DS, Sachwani RM, Kapadia R, Londino HN, Anderson LL. Regioselective Synthesis of 2,3,4- or 2,3,5-Trisubstituted Pyrroles via [3,3] or [1,3] Rearrangements of O-Vinyl Oximes. J Org Chem 2011; 76:3203-21. [PMID: 21449572 DOI: 10.1021/jo200061b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Yen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, MC 111, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Daniel S. Mueller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, MC 111, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Rachna M. Sachwani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, MC 111, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Rachel Kapadia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, MC 111, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Hannah N. Londino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, MC 111, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, MC 111, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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12
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13
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López-Camacho PY, Joseph-Nathan P, Gordillo-Román B, Suárez-Castillo OR, Morales-Ríos MS. Cascade [1,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements of ketene O,O-acetals: kinetic and DFT level mechanistic studies. J Org Chem 2010; 75:1898-910. [PMID: 20180516 DOI: 10.1021/jo902520z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The regioisomeric alpha-cyano ketene-O,O-dialkyl acetals 2a-e and 4a-e, sequential intermediates in the diazomethane induced conversion of indole alpha-cyano-gamma-lactones 1a-e to 2-indolyl cyanomalonates 5a-e, were isolated and characterized. Formation of the steady-state intermediate cycloprop[b]indoles 3a-e was evidenced by means of NMR and confirmed by the X-ray structure of 3c, demonstrating that the formation of 5a-e from 2a-e proceeds through two consecutive and one parallel unimolecular steps, with intermediates 3a-e formed in reversible processes. Evidence that the reversible reactions proceed via [1,3]-rearrangements is presented. The steady-state kinetic approach applied to intermediate 3 allowed a minimal two consecutive step 2 --> 4--> 5 kinetic model, in which the steric bulkiness of the alkyl substituent affects strongly the associated rate constants, k(1) and k(2), inverting the rate-determining step. The solvation effects enhanced the feasibility of these skeletal rearrangements as they stabilized the transition states to a great extent. The experimental determined thermodynamic parameters and DFT calculations suggest that these cascade rearrangements occur through [1,3]-sigmatropic mechanisms, in which asynchronous bond reorganization processes via four membered pseudopericyclic transition states are highly favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Y López-Camacho
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, DF, 07000 Mexico
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14
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15
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Nasveschuk CG, Rovis T. The [1, 3] O-to-C rearrangement: opportunities for stereoselective synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 6:240-54. [PMID: 18174990 DOI: 10.1039/b714881j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The relay of stereochemistry of a breaking C-O bond into a forming C-C bond is well-known in the context of [3, 3] sigmatropic shifts; however, this useful strategy is less well-known in other types of molecular rearrangements. Though the first successful example of a [1, 3] O-to-C rearrangement was reported more than 100 years ago, this class of reactions has received less attention than its [3, 3] counterpart. This perspective analyzes the various methods used for the activation and [1, 3] rearrangement of vinyl ethers with an emphasis on mechanism and applications to stereoselective synthesis. We also highlight our own contributions to this area.
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16
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Ikawa T, Sajiki H, Hirota K. Highly chemoselective hydrogenation method using novel finely dispersed palladium catalyst on silk-fibroin: its preparation and activity. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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