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Yus M, González-Gómez JC, Foubelo F. Diastereoselective Allylation of Carbonyl Compounds and Imines: Application to the Synthesis of Natural Products. Chem Rev 2013; 113:5595-698. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400008h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Yus
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Facultad
de Ciencias and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante,
Spain
| | - José C. González-Gómez
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Facultad
de Ciencias and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante,
Spain
| | - Francisco Foubelo
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Facultad
de Ciencias and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante,
Spain
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2
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Companyó X, Mazzanti A, Moyano A, Janecka A, Rios R. First one-pot organocatalytic synthesis of α-methylene-γ-lactones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1184-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc38659c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Berg CA, Eichenauer NC, Pietruszka J. (2R,3R)-1,4-Dimethoxy-1,1,4,4-tetraphenylbutane-2,3-diol: Valuable reagent in the asymmetric synthesis of organoboronates. PURE APPL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-12-03-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tartrate-derived (2R,3R)-1,4-dimethoxy-1,1,4,4-tetraphenylbutane-2,3-diol has found diverse applications in asymmetric organic synthesis. Among these, its utilization as a protecting group for boronic acids has been investigated extensively. Besides being extraordinarily stable and thus allowing a plethora of transformations, it enables access to various diastereo- and enantiomerically pure organoboron reagents and versatile intermediates in asymmetric synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Annette Berg
- 1Institut für Bioorganische Chemie der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Geb.15.8, 52426 Jülich, Germany
| | - Nils C. Eichenauer
- 1Institut für Bioorganische Chemie der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Geb.15.8, 52426 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- 1Institut für Bioorganische Chemie der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Geb.15.8, 52426 Jülich, Germany
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4
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Montgomery TP, Hassan A, Park BY, Krische MJ. Enantioselective conversion of primary alcohols to α-exo-methylene γ-butyrolactones via iridium-catalyzed C-C bond-forming transfer hydrogenation: 2-(alkoxycarbonyl)allylation. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:11100-3. [PMID: 22734694 PMCID: PMC3397400 DOI: 10.1021/ja303839h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Upon exposure of acrylic ester 1 to alcohols 2a-i in the presence of a cyclometalated iridium catalyst modified by (-)-TMBTP, catalytic C-C coupling occurs, providing enantiomerically enriched 5-substituted α-exo-methylene γ-butyrolactones 3a-i. Bromination of the methylene butyrolactone products followed by zinc-mediated reductive aldehyde addition provides the disubstituted α-exo-methylene γ-butyrolactones 6a and 6b with good to excellent levels of diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Patrick Montgomery
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Abbas Hassan
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Boyoung Y. Park
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael J. Krische
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Ramachandran PV, Tafelska-Kaczmarek A, Sakavuyi K. Asymmetric Fluoroallylboration of Aldehydes. Org Lett 2011; 13:4044-7. [PMID: 21749050 DOI: 10.1021/ol201551y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Veeraraghavan Ramachandran
- Herbert C. Brown Center for Borane Research, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Agnieszka Tafelska-Kaczmarek
- Herbert C. Brown Center for Borane Research, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Kaumba Sakavuyi
- Herbert C. Brown Center for Borane Research, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The nuclear transcription factor NF-κB has gained considerable importance due to its major involvement in inflammation and constitutive activity in malignant cells. It is induced by a variety of stimuli and controls the expression of several proteins involved in biological processes. Numerous natural products and synthesized organic molecules have been reported to inhibit NF-κB and have played an integral role in identifying implicated pathways. Prominent among them are the sesquiterpene lactones, polyphenolic enones and other α,β-unsaturated carbonyl-containing molecules, particularly α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones. DISCUSSION This mini-review provides an introductory overview of some of the associated pathways involving NF-κB in cancer and discusses the structures and mode of action of natural α,β-unsaturated carbonyl-containing inhibitors and their synthetic counterparts. A review of the recent methods for the synthesis of α-alkylidene-γ-butyrolactones is also provided, with the aim of arousing the interest of synthetic chemists for the design and development of novel NF-κB inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Modulating damaging effects without harming the inflammatory and immune responses are crucial parameters for developing NF-κB inhibitors. Examination of novel α,β-unsaturated carbonyls and the further discovery of simple methods to prepare such molecules should lead to the identification of site-specific inhibitors.
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Ramachandran PV, Pratihar D, Nair HNG, Walters M, Smith S, Yip-Schneider MT, Wu H, Schmidt CM. Tailored α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones and their effects on growth suppression in pancreatic carcinoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6620-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Chemoenzymatic synthesis of optically active α-methylene-γ-carboxy-γ-lactams and γ-lactones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Elford TG, Hall DG. Imine allylation using 2-alkoxycarbonyl allylboronates as an expedient three-component reaction to polysubstituted α-exo-methylene-γ-lactams. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.09.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Pietruszka J, Schöne N, Frey W, Grundl L. Diastereo- and Enantiomerically Pure Allylboronates: Their Synthesis and Scope. Chemistry 2008; 14:5178-97. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Enantioselective addition of β-functionalized allylboronates to aldehydes and aldimines. Stereocontrolled synthesis of α-methylene-γ-lactones and lactams. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mitra
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Srinivas Reddy Gurrala
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Robert S. Coleman
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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13
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Ramachandran PV, Pratihar D. Acidity-directed synthesis of substituted gamma-butyrolactones from aliphatic aldehydes. Org Lett 2007; 9:2087-90. [PMID: 17469835 DOI: 10.1021/ol0705806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The strength of the Lewis or Brønsted acids controls the formation of either beta,gamma-disubstituted-alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactones or gamma-substituted-alpha-alkylidene-gamma-butyrolactones via the lactonization or oxonia cope rearrangement-lactonization, respectively, of the borate intermediates resulting from the crotylboration of aliphatic aldehydes with ester-containing crotylboronates, such as (E)-methyl 2-boramethyl-2-butenoates.
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Elford TG, Arimura Y, Yu SH, Hall DG. Triflic Acid-Catalyzed Additions of 2-Alkoxycarbonyl Allylboronates to Aldehydes. Study of Scope and Mechanistic Investigation of the Reaction Stereochemistry. J Org Chem 2007; 72:1276-84. [PMID: 17288375 DOI: 10.1021/jo062151b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The substrate scope and the effect of substrate on the observed inversion of stereoselectivity in the triflic acid-catalyzed allylboration reaction between 2-alkoxycarbonyl allylboronates and aldehydes are presented. A mechanistic investigation is described so as to confirm the involvement of a carbocation intermediate as the source of stereochemical inversion. This methodology allows a facile access to beta,gamma-disubstituted five-membered ring lactones with an exo-methylene at the alpha-position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim G Elford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
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Yu SH, Ferguson MJ, McDonald R, Hall DG. Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Allylboration: Short and Stereodivergent Synthesis of All Four Eupomatilone Diastereomers with Crystallographic Assignments. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:12808-9. [PMID: 16159268 DOI: 10.1021/ja054171l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study describes a novel Brønsted acid-catalyzed allylboration method suitable for the most difficult, electronically deactivated allylboronate and aldehyde substrates. This method circumvents the use of metal ions, and rather employs a simple and cheap catalyst, triflic acid. Its usefulness as a complementary allylboration variant was demonstrated with a four-step, stereodivergent synthesis of all four diastereomers of eupomatilone-6 from a single allylboronate. A thorough proof of stereochemistry supported by as many as five X-ray crystallographic structures brings an end to the ambiguity of the original stereochemical assignments. Further to the TfOH-catalyzed allylboration, the synthetic route featured a number of remarkable observations: the surprising reactivity of 2-bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde, the subtle reagent control observed in the hydrogenation of an alpha-exo-methylene lactone intermediate, and the success of a difficult case of Suzuki biaryl coupling using Buchwald's conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Hong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
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Kennedy JWJ, Hall DG. Lewis Acid Catalyzed Allylboration: Discovery, Optimization, and Application to the Formation of Stereogenic Quaternary Carbon Centers. J Org Chem 2004; 69:4412-28. [PMID: 15202896 DOI: 10.1021/jo049773m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A full account of the development of the first catalytic manifold for the additions of allylboronates to aldehydes is described. The thermal additions (both diastereospecific and enantioselective) of 2-carboxyester 3,3-disubstituted allylboronates 1 to both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes give biologically and synthetically important exo-methylene butyrolactones 2 containing a beta-quaternary carbon center. Although the thermal reaction requires 14 d at room temperature to reach completion, the presence of certain metal salts allows for a 12-16 h reaction while preserving the diastereospecificity observed in the uncatalyzed process. Preliminary mechanistic studies on the origin of the catalytic effect are described as well as stereoselective transformations of lactones 2 into cyclic and acyclic stereotriads with potential usefulness as synthetic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W J Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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Rauniyar V, Hall DG. Lewis Acids Catalyze the Addition of Allylboronates to Aldehydes by Electrophilic Activation of the Dioxaborolane in a Closed Transition Structure. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:4518-9. [PMID: 15070360 DOI: 10.1021/ja049446w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study addressed the mechanism of the recently reported Lewis acid-catalyzed manifold for additions of allylboronates to aldehydes. A series of control experiments using various reagents and conditions, and kinetic studies by low-temperature NMR spectroscopy, were performed to investigate the origin of the activation provided by the best catalyst, Sc(OTf)3. The results obtained are strongly supportive of a mechanism involving electrophilic boron activation by coordination of the metal ion to one of the boronate oxygens in a closed bimolecular transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Rauniyar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
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18
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Zhang A, Kan Y, Zhao GL, Jiang B. 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Chirally Modified Vinylboronic Ester with Nitrile Oxides. Tetrahedron 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(00)00017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Draillard K, Lebreton J, Villiéras J. A simple synthesis of (−)-(R)-ipsdienol and (−)-(S)-ipsenol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(99)00482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Salunkhe AM, Ramachandran P, Brown HC. B-(2-Azido-2-propenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborinane: A novel reagent for allylboration. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)02698-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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