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He X, Liu K, Yan S, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Fan X. Synthesis of 1,7-Fused Indolines Tethered with Spiroindolinone Based on C-H Activation Strategy with Air as a Sustainable Oxidant. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1880-1897. [PMID: 38252142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present an efficient synthesis of 1,7-fused indolines tethered with a spiroindolinonyl moiety through the cascade reaction of indolin-1-yl(aryl)methanimines with diazo oxindoles. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example in which 1,7-fused indoline skeleton was constructed along with the simultaneous introduction of a spiro element initiated by the C-H bond activation of indoline. In forming the title product, the indoline substrate and the diazo coupling partner demonstrated an unprecedented reaction pattern in which the latter acts as a C1 synthon to participate in the construction of the spirocyclic scaffold through the reductive elimination of a key seven-membered Ru(II) species by using air as an effective and sustainable oxidant to regenerate the active catalyst. Moreover, studies on the cytotoxicity of selected products against several human cancer cell lines demonstrated their potential as lead compounds for the development of anticancer drugs. With notable features such as simple and economical substrates, pharmaceutically valuable products with sophisticated spirocyclic skeleton, mild reaction conditions, cost-free and sustainable oxidants, high efficiency, excellent compatibility with diverse functional groups, and scalability, this method is expected to find wide applications in related areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing He
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Kangli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Shengnan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuqin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xuesen Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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2
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Abrams DJ, Provencher PA, Sorensen EJ. Recent applications of C-H functionalization in complex natural product synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:8925-8967. [PMID: 30426998 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00716k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this review, recent examples featuring C-H functionalization in the synthesis of complex natural products are discussed. A focus is given to the way in which C-H functionalization can influence the logical process of retrosynthesis, and the review is organized by the type and method of C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Abrams
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
| | | | - Erik J Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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3
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Rafiee F. Synthesis of phenanthridine and phenanthridinone derivatives based on Pd-catalyzed C-H activation. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rafiee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of physic-chemistry; Alzahra University; Vanak Tehran Iran
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4
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Maegawa T, Miki Y, Hirata Y, Makino N, Hirose Y, Nogata M, Nakamura A, Hamamoto H. Halogenation of Dimethyl Indole-2,3-dicarboxylates Using PhI(OAc)2 and Alkali Metal Halide. HETEROCYCLES 2017. [DOI: 10.3987/com-17-13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Giardinetti M, Moreau X, Coeffard V, Greck C. Aminocatalyzed Cascade Synthesis of Enantioenriched 1,7-Annulated Indoles from Indole-7-Carbaldehyde Derivatives and α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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6
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Wang X, Tang H, Feng H, Li Y, Yang Y, Zhou B. Access to Six- and Seven-Membered 1,7-Fused Indolines via Rh(III)-Catalyzed Redox-Neutral C7-Selective C–H Functionalization of Indolines with Alkynes and Alkenes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6238-49. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Huanyu Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Huijin Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yuanchao Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yaxi Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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7
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Hamamoto H, Miki Y, Umemoto H, Umemoto M, Ohta C, Fujita E, Nakamura A, Maegawa T. Decarboxylative Halogenation of Indolecarboxylic Acids Using Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagent and Its Application to the Synthesis of Polybromoindoles. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/com-14-13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Tsukano C, Muto N, Enkhtaivan I, Takemoto Y. Synthesis of Pyrrolophenanthridine Alkaloids Based on C(sp3)H and C(sp2)H Functionalization Reactions. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:2628-34. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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9
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Facile construction of pyrrolophenanthridone skeleton via a one-pot intramolecular Heck reaction and oxidation. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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De S, Mishra S, Kakde BN, Dey D, Bisai A. Expeditious Approach to Pyrrolophenanthridones, Phenanthridines, and Benzo[c]phenanthridines via Organocatalytic Direct Biaryl-Coupling Promoted by Potassium tert-Butoxide. J Org Chem 2013; 78:7823-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400890k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip De
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal MP-462
023, India
| | - Sourabh Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal MP-462
023, India
| | - Badrinath N. Kakde
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal MP-462
023, India
| | - Dhananjay Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal MP-462
023, India
| | - Alakesh Bisai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal MP-462
023, India
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11
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Kim HS, Banwell MG, Willis AC. Convergent Total Syntheses of the Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids Lycoranine A, Lycoranine B, and 2-Methoxypratosine. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5103-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4006987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sun Kim
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced
Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Martin G. Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced
Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Anthony C. Willis
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced
Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
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12
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Miki Y, Umemoto H, Dohshita M, Hamamoto H. Synthesis of pyrrolophenanthridone alkaloid kalbretorine from indolecarboxylic acids via hypervalent iodine(III) mediated halodecarboxylation and reduction. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.01.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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13
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Miki Y, Umemoto H, Dohshita M, Hamamoto H. Simple Synthesis of Pratosine and Hippadine by Intramolecular Palladium-Catalyzed Cyclization and Decarboxylation. HETEROCYCLES 2011. [DOI: 10.3987/com-11-12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Recent advances in the synthesis of (hetero)aryl-substituted heteroarenes via transition metal-catalysed direct (hetero)arylation of heteroarene C–H bonds with aryl halides or pseudohalides, diaryliodonium salts, and potassium aryltrifluoroborates. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 522] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Pearson AJ, Zhou Y. Diels−Alder Reactions of Cyclopentadienones with Aryl Alkynes To Form Biaryl Compounds. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4242-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900559n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Pearson
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
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16
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Miki Y, Umemoto H, Umemoto M, Ohta C, Dohshita M, Tanaka H, Hattori S, Hamamoto H. Decarboxylative Bromination of Indole-2,3-dicarboxylic Acids Using Oxone® or CAN in the Presence of Lithium Bromide. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-11802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Alberico D, Scott ME, Lautens M. Aryl−Aryl Bond Formation by Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Direct Arylation. Chem Rev 2007; 107:174-238. [PMID: 17212475 DOI: 10.1021/cr0509760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3171] [Impact Index Per Article: 186.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dino Alberico
- Davenport Laboratories, Chemistry Department, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilson Zeni
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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19
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Mentzel UV, Tanner D, Tønder JE. Comparative Study of the Kumada, Negishi, Stille, and Suzuki−Miyaura Reactions in the Synthesis of the Indole Alkaloids Hippadine and Pratosine. J Org Chem 2006; 71:5807-10. [PMID: 16839172 DOI: 10.1021/jo060729b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of hippadine by a tandem metalation/cross-coupling/lactamization strategy was investigated starting from either 7-bromoindole or a 6-halogenated methyl piperonate. The Kumada and Negishi cross-coupling reactions failed to provide any of the desired product. However, the Stille and Suzuki reactions furnished hippadine in low yields starting from the electron-deficient methyl 6-iodo- and 6-bromopiperonate, respectively. Starting from the metalated indole, only the Suzuki reaction occurred, affording hippadine in 67-74% and pratosine in 62% isolated yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uffe V Mentzel
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Building 201, Kemitorvet, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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20
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Applied Suzuki cross-coupling reaction for syntheses of biologically active compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-3158(06)80004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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21
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Harayama T, Sato T, Hori A, Abe H, Takeuchi Y. Palladium-assisted Biaryl Coupling Reaction of 1-(2-Iodobenzoyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline. HETEROCYCLES 2005. [DOI: 10.3987/com-05-s(k)2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Hiroya K, Itoh S, Sakamoto T. Development of an Efficient Procedure for Indole Ring Synthesis from 2-Ethynylaniline Derivatives Catalyzed by Cu(II) Salts and Its Application to Natural Product Synthesis. J Org Chem 2004; 69:1126-36. [PMID: 14961661 DOI: 10.1021/jo035528b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of efficient methods for the indole synthesis catalyzed by Cu(II) salts and its applications were investigated. Cu(OAc)(2) has been proved to be the best catalyst for the synthesis of various 1-p-tolylsulfonyl or 1-methylsulfonylindoles, which have both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups on the aromatic ring and C2 position of indoles. For the primary aniline derivatives, Cu(OCOCF(3))(2) showed good activities, while Cu(OAc)(2) was a good catalyst for the cyclization of secondary anilines. This methodology could be applied to the sequential cyclization reaction for the compounds which have the electrophilic part in the same molecule. By prior treatment with KH, the sequential cyclization was realized to provide the tricyclic ring systems, but it was limited to five- and six-membered rings for the second cyclization. Finally, formal and total synthesis of hippadine with the Cu(II)-promoted indole synthesis as the key step was accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou Hiroya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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Harayama T, Hori A, Abe H, Takeuchi Y. Concise synthesis of pyrrolophenanthridine alkaloids using a Pd-mediated biaryl coupling reaction with regioselective C–H activation via the intramolecular coordination of the amine to Pd. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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Hartung CG, Fecher A, Chapell B, Snieckus V. Directed ortho metalation approach to C-7-substituted indoles. Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling and the synthesis of pyrrolophenanthridone alkaloids. Org Lett 2003; 5:1899-902. [PMID: 12762681 DOI: 10.1021/ol0344772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Although the indole N-phosphinoyl derivative 4 undergoes n-BuLi deprotonation/electrophile quench to afford C-7-substituted products, its deprotection requires harsh conditions. On the other hand, the N-amide 12, upon sequential or one-pot C-2 metalation, silylation, C-7 metalation, and electrophile treatment, furnishes indoles 7 in good overall yields. In combination with the Suzuki-Miyaura protocol, C-7 aryl (heteroaryl)-substituted indoles 14 and 16 are obtained, including hippadine and pratosine, members of the pyrrolophenanthridone alkaloid family.
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25
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Harayama T, Hori A, Abe H, Takeuchi Y. Concise Synthesis of Pyrrolophenanthridine Alkaloids Using a Pd-Catalyzed Biaryl Coupling Reaction with Regioselective C-H Activation. HETEROCYCLES 2003. [DOI: 10.3987/com-03-9883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Li JJ. Applications of Palladium Chemistry to the Total Syntheses of Naturally Occurring Indole Alkaloids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-8210(99)80006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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