1
|
Xu M, Cai Z, Cheng K, Chen G, Zhou J. Mitigation of Vibrio coralliilyticus-induced coral bleaching through bacterial dysbiosis prevention by Ruegeria profundi. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0227423. [PMID: 38470181 PMCID: PMC11022554 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02274-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrio species are prevalent in ocean ecosystems, particularly Vibrio coralliilyticus, and pose a threat to corals and other marine organisms under global warming conditions. While microbiota manipulation is considered for coral disease management, understanding the role of commensal bacteria in stress resilience remains limited. Here, a single bacterial species (Ruegeria profundi) rather than a consortium of native was used to combat pathogenic V. coralliilyticus and protect corals from bleaching. R. profundi showed therapeutic activity in vivo, preventing a significant reduction in bacterial diversity in bleached corals. Notably, the structure of the bacterial community differed significantly among all the groups. In addition, compared with the bleached corals caused by V. coralliilyticus, the network analysis revealed that complex interactions and positive correlations in the bacterial community of the R. profundi protected non-bleached corals, indicating R. profundi's role in fostering synergistic associations. Many genera of bacteria significantly increased in abundance during V. coralliilyticus infection, including Vibrio, Alteromonas, Amphritea, and Nautella, contributing to the pathogenicity of the bacterial community. However, R. profundi effectively countered the proliferation of these genera, promoting potential probiotic Endozoicomonas and other taxa, while reducing the abundance of betaine lipids and the type VI section system of the bacterial community. These changes ultimately influenced the interactive relationships among symbionts and demonstrated that probiotic R. profundi intervention can modulate coral-associated bacterial community, alleviate pathogenic-induced dysbiosis, and preserve coral health. These findings elucidated the relationship between the behavior of the coral-associated bacterial community and the occurrence of pathological coral bleaching.IMPORTANCEChanges in the global climate and marine environment can influence coral host and pathogen repartition which refers to an increased likelihood of pathogen infection in hosts. The risk of Vibrio coralliilyticus-induced coral disease is significantly heightened, primarily due to its thermos-dependent expression of virulent and populations. This study investigates how coral-associated bacterial communities respond to bleaching induced by V. coralliilyticus. Our findings demonstrate that Ruegeria profundi exhibits clear evidence of defense against pathogenic bacterial infection, contributing to the maintenance of host health and symbiont homeostasis. This observation suggests that bacterial pathogens could cause dysbiosis in coral holobionts. Probiotic bacteria display an essential capability in restructuring and manipulating coral-associated bacterial communities. This restructuring effectively reduces bacterial community virulence and enhances the pathogenic resistance of holobionts. The study provides valuable insights into the correlation between the health status of corals and how coral-associated bacterial communities may respond to both pathogens and probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiting Xu
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Zhonghua Cai
- Shenzhen Public Platform for Screening and Application of Marine Microbial Resources, Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keke Cheng
- Shenzhen Public Platform for Screening and Application of Marine Microbial Resources, Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guofu Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Shenzhen Public Platform for Screening and Application of Marine Microbial Resources, Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Leard E, Carmichael RH, Ortmann AC, Jones JL. Environmental Drivers of Vibrio cholerae Abundances in Mobile Bay, Alabama. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0173322. [PMID: 36692305 PMCID: PMC9927273 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01733-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is the etiological agent of the illness cholera. However, there are non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae (NOVC) strains that generally lack the toxin gene (ctx) and colonization factors that cause cholera. These NOVC strains are autochthonous members of estuarine environments and a significant cause of seafood-borne gastroenteritis in the United States. The objective of this study was to identify environmental parameters that correlate with NOVC prevalence in oysters, water, and sediment at three ecologically diverse locations in Mobile Bay, AL, including Dog River (DR), Fowl River (FR), and Cedar Point (CP). Oyster, water, and sediment samples were collected twice a month when conditions were favorable for NOVC growth and once a month when they were not. A most probable number (MPN)/real-time PCR assay was used to determine NOVC abundances. Environmental parameters were measured during sampling to determine their relationship, if any, with NOVC at each site. NOVC abundances in oysters at DR, FR, and CP were 0.87, 0.87, and -0.13 log MPN/g, respectively. In water, the median NOVC levels at DR, FR, and CP were 1.18, -0.13, and -0.82 log MPN/mL, and in sediment, the levels were 1.48, 1.87, and -0.03 log MPN/g, respectively. Correlations of NOVC abundances in oyster, water, and sediment samples with environmental parameters were largely site specific. For example, the levels of NOVC in oysters at DR had a positive correlation with temperature but a negative correlation with dissolved oxygen (DO) and nutrient concentrations, NO2-, NO3-, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP). At FR, however, the levels of NOVC in oysters displayed only a negative correlation with NO2-. When grouping NOVC abundances by temperature, the main driving factor for prevalence, additional correlations with salinity, total cell counts, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) became evident regardless of the site. IMPORTANCE NOVC can cause gastrointestinal illness in humans, which typically occurs after the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood. Incidence rates of NOVC gastroenteritis have increased during the past decade. In this study, NOVC was enumerated from oysters, sediment, and water collected at three sites in Mobile Bay, with environmental parameters measured concurrently over the course of a year, to identify potential environmental drivers of NOVC abundances. The data from this study, from an area lacking in V. cholerae research, provide a useful baseline for risk analysis of V. cholerae infections. Defining correlations between NOVC and environmental attributes at different sites and temperatures within a dynamic system such as Mobile Bay provides valuable data to better understand the occurrence and proliferation of V. cholerae in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Leard
- Food and Drug Administration, Division of Seafood Science and Technology, Gulf Coast Seafood Laboratory, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
- University Programs, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
| | - Ruth H. Carmichael
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
- University Programs, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
| | - Alice C. Ortmann
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Jessica L. Jones
- Food and Drug Administration, Division of Seafood Science and Technology, Gulf Coast Seafood Laboratory, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Invasive slipper limpets (Crepidula fornicata) act like a sink, rather than source, of Vibrio spp. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA large knowledge gap exists regarding the disease profile and pathologic condition of the invasive, slipper limpet Crepidula fornicata. To help address this, we performed a year-long health survey at two sites in South Wales, UK – subtidal Swansea Bay and intertidal Milford Haven. In total, 1,800 limpets were screened systematically for haemolymph bacterial burdens using both general and vibrio-selective growth media (TSA + 2% NaCl and TCBS, respectively), haemolymph (blood) inspection using microscopy, a PCR-based assay targeting Vibrio spp., and multi-tissue histology. Over 99% of haemolymph samples contained cultivable bacterial colony-forming units, and 83% of limpets tested positive for the presence of vibrios via PCR (confirmed via Sanger sequencing). Vibrio presence did not vary greatly between sites, yet a strong seasonal effect was observed with significantly higher bacterial loads during the summer. Binomial logistic regression models revealed larger (older) limpets were more likely to harbour vibrios, and the growth of bacteria on TCBS was a key predictor for PCR-based vibrio detection. Histological assessment of > 340 animals revealed little evidence of inflammation, sepsis or immune reactivity despite the gross bacterial numbers. We contend that slipper limpets are not highly susceptible to bacteriosis at either site, and do not harbour vibrios known to be pathogenic to humans. The lack of susceptibility to local pathogenic bacteria may explain, in part, the invasion success of C. fornicata across this region.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kunitomo K, Uemura N, Shimizu T, Hayano S, Tsuji T. Skin and soft tissue infections and bacteremia caused by Vibrio cincinnatiensis. IDCases 2022; 29:e01564. [PMID: 35845826 PMCID: PMC9278064 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cincinnatiensis is a halophilic species found in marine and estuarine environments worldwide. It is a rare pathogen whose impact on humans has remained unclear; only two cases of V. cincinnatiensis infection have been reported in humans, so far. A 63-year-old man with a history of myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus presented to the emergency department with fever and dyspnea. Physical examination demonstrated notable abdominal distension and bilateral lower leg edema. marked abdominal distension and bilateral lower leg edema. The patient was diagnosed with bacteremia and exacerbated heart failure. Blood and skin cultures revealed the presence of the gram-negative pathogen V. cincinnatiensis. Combined antibiotic therapy using intravenous tazobactam /piperacillin resulted in a gradual recovery with no recurrence observed at the 9-month follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, this is the third case of V. cincinnatiensis infection reported in humans and the first one to be associated with skin and soft tissue infection. We suggest that although V. cincinnatiensis is a rare pathogen, it should be considered as a potential infective agent in the differential diagnosis of immunocompromised patients, regardless of any recent exposure to seawater or marine products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Kunitomo
- Department of General Medicine, Kumamoto Medical Center, 1–5, Ninomaru, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 860-0008, Japan
| | - Naomichi Uemura
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto Medical University Hospital, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Diagnostic and Generalist Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hayano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuji
- Department of General Medicine, Kumamoto Medical Center, 1–5, Ninomaru, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 860-0008, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Furfaro G, D'Elia M, Mariano S, Trainito E, Solca M, Piraino S, Belmonte G. SEM/EDX analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its diet. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10244. [PMID: 35715497 PMCID: PMC9206003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14299-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the impacts of microplastics on living organisms in aquatic habitats is one of the hottest research topics worldwide. Despite increased attention, investigating microplastics in underwater environments remains a problematic task, due to the ubiquitous occurrence of microplastic, its multiple modes of interactions with the biota, and to the diversity of the synthetic organic polymers composing microplastics in the field. Several studies on microplastics focused on marine invertebrates, but to date, the benthic sea slugs (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) were not yet investigated. Sea slugs are known to live on the organisms on which they feed on or to snack while gliding over the sea floor, but also as users of exogenous molecules or materials not only for nutrition. Therefore, they may represent a potential biological model to explore new modes of transformation and/or management of plastic, so far considered to be a non-biodegradable polymer. In this study we analysed the stomachal content of Bursatella leachii, an aplysiid heterobranch living in the Mar Piccolo, a highly polluted coastal basin near Taranto, in the northern part of the Ionian Sea. Microplastics were found in the stomachs of all the six sampled specimens, and SEM/EDX analyses were carried out to characterize the plastic debris. The SEM images and EDX spectra gathered here should be regarded as a baseline reference database for future investigations on marine Heterobranchia and their interactions with microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Furfaro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Marcella D'Elia
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio de Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Prov.Le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefania Mariano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Egidio Trainito
- Marine Protected Area 'Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo', Olbia, Italy
| | - Michele Solca
- Museo di Biologia Marina "Pietro Parenzan", Via Vespucci 13/17, Porto Cesareo, 73010, Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefano Piraino
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.,Museo di Biologia Marina "Pietro Parenzan", Via Vespucci 13/17, Porto Cesareo, 73010, Lecce, Italy.,Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), P.le Flaminio 9, 00198, Rome, Italy
| | - Genuario Belmonte
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.,Museo di Biologia Marina "Pietro Parenzan", Via Vespucci 13/17, Porto Cesareo, 73010, Lecce, Italy.,Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), P.le Flaminio 9, 00198, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Victoria NS, Sree Devi Kumari T, Lazarus B. Assessment on impact of sewage in coastal pollution and distribution of fecal pathogenic bacteria with reference to antibiotic resistance in the coastal area of Cape Comorin, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113123. [PMID: 34872749 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sewage is one of the biggest contributors to coastal pollution. The study was aimed to assess the impact of sewage on coastal water quality of Kanyakumari, the southernmost part of India. A bacteriological survey was made on distribution and abundance of fecal indicators and human pathogenic bacteria and seasonal influence on the bacterial load and antibiotic resistance of the isolates. Samples were collected from sewage discharge point along the eastern shore of Kanyakumari Coast from February 2019 to January 2020. Nine pollution indicator bacteria and pathogenic species such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Aeromonas spp., Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella spp. and Flavobacterium spp. were isolated from the samples. These isolates were tested against 10 antibiotics, using Kirby Bauer method. All the isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics. The presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria has been used as bio-indicators of pollution. Hence it is clear that the domestic sewage entering the coast is untreated which might lead a serious impact on human and marine wildlife along coastlines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanthini Sahaya Victoria
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Vivekananda College, Agasteeswaram, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - T Sree Devi Kumari
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Vivekananda College, Agasteeswaram, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bakthasingh Lazarus
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Grace College of Allied Health Sciences, Padanthalumoodu, Affiliated to TN Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abd Wahid ME, Mohamad M, Mohamed NN, Afiqah-Aleng N. Vibriosis in green mussels. AQUACULTURE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2022:515-529. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-95434-1.00069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
|
8
|
Ritzenhofen L, Buer AL, Gyraite G, Dahlke S, Klemmstein A, Schernewski G. -Blue mussel ( Mytilus spp.) cultivation in mesohaline eutrophied inner coastal waters: mitigation potential, threats and cost effectiveness. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11247. [PMID: 34055477 PMCID: PMC8141286 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The EU-water framework directive (WFD) focuses on nutrient reductions to return coastal waters to the good ecological status. As of today, many coastal waters have reached a steady state of insufficient water quality due to continuous external nutrient inputs and internal loadings. This study focuses first on the current environmental status of mesohaline inner coastal waters to illustrate their needs of internal measures to reach demanded nutrient reductions and secondly, if mussel cultivation can be a suitable strategy to improve water quality. Therefore, nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll a, and Secchi depth of nine mesohaline inner coastal waters in north east Germany were analyzed from 1990 to 2018. Two pilot mussel farms were used to evaluate their effectiveness as a mitigation measure and to estimate potential environmental risks, including the interactions with pathogenic vibrio bacteria. Further, estimated production and mitigation potential were used to assess economic profitability based on the sale of small sized mussels for animal feed and a compensation for nutrient mitigation. The compensation costs were derived from nutrient removal costs of a waste water treatment plant (WWTP). Results show that currently all nine water bodies do not reach the nutrient thresholds demanded by the WFD. However, coastal waters differ in nutrient pollution, indicating that some can reach the desired threshold values if internal measures are applied. The mitigation potential of mussel cultivation depends on the amount of biomass that is cultivated and harvested. However, since mussel growth is closely coupled to the salinity level, mussel cultivation in low saline environments leads to lower biomass production and inevitably to larger cultivation areas. If 50% of the case study area Greifswald Bay was covered with mussel farms the resulting nitrogen reduction would increase Secchi depth by 7.8 cm. However, high chlorophyll a values can hamper clearance rates (<20 mg m−3 = 0.43 l h−1 dry weight g−1) and therefore the mitigation potential. Also, the risk of mussel stock loss due to high summer water temperatures might affect the mitigation potential. The pilot farms had no significant effect on the total organic content of sediments beneath. However, increased values of Vibrio spp. in bio deposits within the pilot farm (1.43 106 ± 1.10 106CFU 100 ml−1 (reference site: 1.04 106 ± 1.45 106 CFU 100 ml−1) were measured with sediment traps. Hence, mussel farms might act as a sink for Vibrio spp. in systems with already high vibrio concentrations. However, more research is required to investigate the risks of Vibrio occurrence coupled to mussel farming. The economic model showed that mussel cultivation in environments below 12 PSU cannot be economic at current market prices for small size mussels and compensations based on nutrient removal cost of WWTPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Ritzenhofen
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany.,Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Anna-Lucia Buer
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
| | - Greta Gyraite
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany.,Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Sven Dahlke
- Biological Station Hiddensee, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Gerald Schernewski
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany.,Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
DPSIR Model Applied to the Remediation of Contaminated Sites. A Case Study: Mar Piccolo of Taranto. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10155080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study critically analyses the complex situation of the Mar Piccolo of Taranto (South of Italy), considered one of the most polluted marine ecosystems in Europe. In order to investigate possible cause–effect relationships, useful to plan appropriate planning responses or remediation technologies to be adopted, the Driver–Pressure–State–Impact–Response (DPSIR) model was applied. Methodologically, about 100 references have been considered, whose information was organized according to the logical scheme of the DPSIR. The results showed how the Mar Piccolo is the final receptor of pollutants coming from all industrial and agricultural activities, especially due to its natural hydrogeological network conformation. The anthropic activity represents a critical impact on the ecosystem due to the subsequent marine litter. The mobility of contaminants from sediments to the water column showed the potential risk related to the bioaccumulation of organisms from different trophic levels, posing a threat of unacceptable magnitude to human safety. The paper concludes by discussing the actions currently implemented by the authorities in response to the anthropogenic impacts as well as the need for new ones concerning both plans, programs, and remediation interventions. The case study shows how the DPSIR is a useful framework to organize extensive and heterogeneous information about a complex environmental system, such as the one investigated. This preliminary organization of the available data can represent the starting point for the development of a DPSIR-based Environmental Decision Support System (EDSS) with robust cause–effect relationships.
Collapse
|
10
|
Detection of Cholera Toxin-Producing Vibrio cholerae in Phytoplankton from Santubong and Samariang Estuaries. BORNEO JOURNAL OF RESOURCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.33736/bjrst.1584.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cholera outbreaks worldwide were associated with cholera toxin-producing Vibrio cholerae. The bacteria are ubiquitous in aquatic environment, whilst phytoplankton is associated with adaptation of the Vibrio species. This study was conducted to detect cholera toxin-producing Vibrio cholerae, and to determine association of the selected water physicochemical parameters with the number of the bacteria. In this study, a total of ten phytoplankton samples were collected at Santubong and Samariang Estuaries in Kuching, Sarawak. Water physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH and salinity) were recorded. Vibrio bacteria were cultivated on thiosulfate citrate bile-salts sucrose selective agar and analysed for cholera toxin-producing Vibrio cholerae using polymerase chain reaction by targeting ctxA gene that encodes for virulence cholera enterotoxin subunit A. The result revealed that a range of 1.0 × 107 – 8.0 × 107 CFU/ml of yellow colonies growing on the thiosulfate citrate bile-salts sucrose agars. Inversely, no samples were positive with cholera toxin-producing Vibrio cholerae. The physicochemical parameters at Samariang Estuary were more associated with the number of bacteria in the samples compared to Santubong Estuary.
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Stabili L, Acquaviva MI, Angilè F, Cavallo RA, Cecere E, Del Coco L, Fanizzi FP, Gerardi C, Narracci M, Petrocelli A. Screening of Chaetomorpha linum Lipidic Extract as A New Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17060313. [PMID: 31142027 PMCID: PMC6627440 DOI: 10.3390/md17060313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that marine algae represent a great source of natural compounds with several properties. The lipidic extract of the seaweed Chaetomorpha linum (Chlorophyta, Cladophorales), one of the dominant species in the Mar Piccolo of Taranto (Mediterranean, Ionian Sea), revealed an antibacterial activity against Vibrio ordalii and Vibrio vulnificus, common pathogens in aquaculture, suggesting its potential employment to control fish and shellfish diseases due to vibriosis and to reduce the public health hazards related to antibiotic use in aquaculture. This extract showed also an antioxidant activity, corresponding to 170.960 ± 16. mmol Trolox equivalent/g (oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay-ORAC) and to 30.554 ± 2.30 mmol Trolox equivalent/g (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay-TEAC). The chemical characterization of the extract, performed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, highlighted the presence of free, saturated (SAFAs), unsaturated (UFAs) and polyunsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids. The high content of ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs confirmed also by gas chromatography indicates the potentiality of this algal species in the production of fortified food. The antibacterial activity seems related to the presence of linolenic acid present at high density, while the antioxidant activity could be likely ascribable to molecules such as carotenoids and chlorophylls (characterized also by thin-layer chromatography), known for this property. The presence of polyhydroxybutyrate, a biopolymer with potentiality in the field of biodegradable bioplastics was also detected. The exploitation of C. linum for a future biotechnological application is also encouraged by the results from a first attempt of cultivating this species in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Stabili
- Institute of Water Research (IRSA) C.N.R, 74123 Taranto, Italy.
- Department of Science and Biological and Environmental Technologies, University of Salento, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | | - Federica Angilè
- Department of Science and Biological and Environmental Technologies, University of Salento, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | | - Ester Cecere
- Institute of Water Research (IRSA) C.N.R, 74123 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Laura Del Coco
- Department of Science and Biological and Environmental Technologies, University of Salento, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Department of Science and Biological and Environmental Technologies, University of Salento, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Carmela Gerardi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, U.O.S. di Lecce, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bouhlel Z, Arnold AA, Warschawski DE, Lemarchand K, Tremblay R, Marcotte I. Labelling strategy and membrane characterization of marine bacteria Vibrio splendidus by in vivo 2H NMR. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:871-878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
14
|
Bronzato GF, Oliva MS, Alvin MG, Pribul BR, Rodrigues DP, Coelho SM, Coelho IS, Souza MM. MALDI-TOF MS as a tool for the identification of Vibrio alginolyticus from Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758). PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Vibrio species are ubiquitous in aquatic environments, including coastal and marine habitats. Vibrio alginolyticus is an opportunistic pathogen for fish, crustaceans and mussels and their identification by biochemical tests may be impaired due their nutritional requirements. The study used Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to identify 49 Vibrio spp. isolates associated with mussels (Perna perna) from different locations along the Rio de Janeiro coast. The rpoA gene was used as a genus-specific marker of Vibrio spp. and was positive in all 209 isolates. MALDI-TOF MS confirmed 87.8% of V. alginolyticus when compared to the results of the biochemical tests. Four isolates were identified as Shewanella putrefaciens (8.16%) and one was identified as V. parahaemolyticus (2.0%). Just one isolate was not identified by this technique (2.0%). The pyrH sequencing confirmed 75% of the proteomic technique results. MALDI-TOF MS is an excellent option for characterization of bacterial species, as it is efficient, fast and easy to apply. In addition, our study confirms its high specificity and sensitivity in these marine bacteria identification.
Collapse
|
15
|
Vibrio Pathogens: A Public Health Concern in Rural Water Resources in Sub-Saharan Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101188. [PMID: 28991153 PMCID: PMC5664689 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Members of the Vibrio genus are autochthonous inhabitants of aquatic environments and play vital roles in sustaining the aquatic milieu. The genus comprises about 100 species, which are mostly of marine or freshwater origin, and their classification is frequently updated due to the continuous discovery of novel species. The main route of transmission of Vibrio pathogens to man is through drinking of contaminated water and consumption inadequately cooked aquatic food products. In sub-Saharan Africa and much of the developing world, some rural dwellers use freshwater resources such as rivers for domestic activities, bathing, and cultural and religious purposes. This review describes the impact of inadequately treated sewage effluents on the receiving freshwater resources and the associated risk to the rural dwellers that depends on the water. Vibrio infections remain a threat to public health. In the last decade, Vibrio disease outbreaks have created alertness on the personal, economic, and public health uncertainties associated with the impact of contaminated water in the aquatic environment of sub-Saharan Africa. In this review, we carried out an overview of Vibrio pathogens in rural water resources in Sub-Saharan Africa and the implication of Vibrio pathogens on public health. Continuous monitoring of Vibrio pathogens among environmental freshwater and treated effluents is expected to help reduce the risk associated with the early detection of sources of infection, and also aid our understanding of the natural ecology and evolution of Vibrio pathogens.
Collapse
|
16
|
Tabanelli G, Montanari C, Gardini A, Maffei M, Prioli C, Gardini F. Environmental Factors Affecting Escherichia coli Concentrations in Striped Venus Clam (Chamelea gallina L.) Harvested in the North Adriatic Sea. J Food Prot 2017; 80:1429-1435. [PMID: 28782999 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the microbiological quality of striped venus clams (Chamelea gallina L.) harvested in the north Adriatic Sea during an 8-year monitoring period. A total of 387 samples were analyzed to assess the presence of Escherichia coli. Environmental parameters (salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, seawater temperature, and freshwater outflow) were collected to find out a possible relationship between the E. coli counts and environmental factors. The results evidenced that the microbiological quality of the clams was good, with only about 5% of the samples not complying with European and Italian regulations for this product, that is, with E. coli counts higher than 230 most probable number (MPN) per 100 g of flesh and intravalvar liquid. Statistical analyses revealed a relationship between microbial contamination and the season and water temperature, probably due to the difference in the filtering activity of the mollusks. However, the main factor affecting the E. coli concentration in the clams turned out to be the flow rate of Marecchia, the major river that reaches the sea in the area of harvesting. In fact, a model fitted to evaluate the probability of finding a higher E. coli count in relation to the environmental parameters evidenced that it was an increase of the level of the Marecchia led to a higher probability of elevated E. coli contamination. This result could be explained by the higher supply of both nutrients and coliforms (including E. coli) when the river is higher and by the anthropogenic characteristics of the lands crossed by the river.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Tabanelli
- 1 Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Sede di Cesena, Via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2273-2371 [C.M.])
| | - Chiara Montanari
- 1 Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Sede di Cesena, Via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2273-2371 [C.M.])
| | - Aldo Gardini
- 2 Dipartimento di Scienze statistiche "Paolo Fortunati," Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via delle Belle Arti 41, 40126 Bologna (BO) Italy
| | - Mirko Maffei
- 3 Laboratory MARE.A Srl, Via E. Toti 2, 47841 Cattolica (RN), Italy
| | - Chiara Prioli
- 3 Laboratory MARE.A Srl, Via E. Toti 2, 47841 Cattolica (RN), Italy
| | - Fausto Gardini
- 1 Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Sede di Cesena, Via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2273-2371 [C.M.]).,4 Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Sede di Cesena, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ciacci C, Manti A, Canonico B, Campana R, Camisassi G, Baffone W, Canesi L. Responses of Mytilus galloprovincialis hemocytes to environmental strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 65:80-87. [PMID: 28390964 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine bivalves are exposed to different types of bacteria in the surrounding waters, in particular of the Vibrio genus. In the hemocytes of the mussel Mytilus spp. immune responses to different vibrios have been largely characterized. However, little information is available on the hemocyte responses to human pathogenic vibrios commonly detected in coastal waters and bivalve tissues that are involved in seafood-borne diseases. In this work, functional parameters of the hemocytes from the Mediterranean mussel M. galloprovincialis were evaluated in response to in vitro challenge with different vibrios isolated from environmental samples of the Adriatic sea (Italy): V. parahaemolyticus Conero, V. alginolyticus 1513 and V. vulnificus 509. V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 43996 was used for comparison. At the 50:1 bacteria hemocyte ratio, only V. parahaemolyticus strains induced significant lysosomal membrane destabilisation. Stimulation of extracellular lysozyme release, total ROS, O2- and NO production were observed, although to different extents and with distinct time courses for different vibrios, V. vulnificus 509 in particular. Further comparisons between V. parahaemolyticus Conero and V. vulnificus 509 showed that only the latter induced dysregulation of the phosphorylation state of p38 MAP Kinase and apoptotic processes. The results indicate that mussel hemocytes can mount an efficient immune response towards V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus strains, whereas V. vulnificus 509 may affect the hemocyte function. This is the first report on immune responses of mussels to local environmental isolates of human pathogenic vibrios. These data reinforce the hypothesis that Mytilus hemocytes show specific responses to different vibrio species and strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Ciacci
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - A Manti
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - B Canonico
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - R Campana
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - G Camisassi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Italy
| | - W Baffone
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - L Canesi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
De Filippis G, Foglia L, Giudici M, Mehl S, Margiotta S, Negri SL. Seawater intrusion in karstic, coastal aquifers: Current challenges and future scenarios in the Taranto area (southern Italy). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 573:1340-1351. [PMID: 27453137 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean areas are characterized by complex hydrogeological systems, where management of freshwater resources, mostly stored in karstic, coastal aquifers, is necessary and requires the application of numerical tools to detect and prevent deterioration of groundwater, mostly caused by overexploitation. In the Taranto area (southern Italy), the deep, karstic aquifer is the only source of freshwater and satisfies the main human activities. Preserving quantity and quality of this system through management policies is so necessary and such task can be addressed through modeling tools which take into account human impacts and the effects of climate changes. A variable-density flow model was developed with SEAWAT to depict the "current" status of the saltwater intrusion, namely the status simulated over an average hydrogeological year. Considering the goals of this analysis and the scale at which the model was built, the equivalent porous medium approach was adopted to represent the deep aquifer. The effects that different flow boundary conditions along the coast have on the transport model were assessed. Furthermore, salinity stratification occurs within a strip spreading between 4km and 7km from the coast in the deep aquifer. The model predicts a similar phenomenon for some submarine freshwater springs and modeling outcomes were positively compared with measurements found in the literature. Two scenarios were simulated to assess the effects of decreased rainfall and increased pumping on saline intrusion. Major differences in the concentration field with respect to the "current" status were found where the hydraulic conductivity of the deep aquifer is higher and such differences are higher when Dirichlet flow boundary conditions are assigned. Furthermore, the Dirichlet boundary condition along the coast for transport modeling influences the concentration field in different scenarios at shallow depths; as such, concentration values simulated under stressed conditions are lower than those simulated under undisturbed conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna De Filippis
- Land Lab, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via S. Cecilia, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica delle Atmosfere e delle Idrosfere (CINFAI), Piazza N. Mauruzi, 17, 62029 Tolentino, MC, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra "A. Desio", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli, 34, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Mauro Giudici
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica delle Atmosfere e delle Idrosfere (CINFAI), Piazza N. Mauruzi, 17, 62029 Tolentino, MC, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra "A. Desio", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli, 34, 20133 Milano, Italy; Istituto per la Dinamica dei Processi Ambientali (IDPA-CNR), Via Torino, 155, 30172 Venezia Mestre, VE, Italy
| | - Steffen Mehl
- Department of Civil Engineering, California State University, Chico, CA, United States
| | - Stefano Margiotta
- Laboratorio di Idrogeofisica e Stratigrafia per i Rischi Naturali, DISTeBa, Università del Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; Geomod srl, Spin-off of DISTeBA (Università del Salento), Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Sergio Luigi Negri
- Laboratorio di Idrogeofisica e Stratigrafia per i Rischi Naturali, DISTeBa, Università del Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; Geomod srl, Spin-off of DISTeBA (Università del Salento), Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Stabili L, Fraschetti S, Acquaviva MI, Cavallo RA, De Pascali SA, Fanizzi FP, Gerardi C, Narracci M, Rizzo L. The Potential Exploitation of the Mediterranean Invasive Alga Caulerpa cylindracea: Can the Invasion Be Transformed into a Gain? Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E210. [PMID: 27854274 PMCID: PMC5128753 DOI: 10.3390/md14110210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there is a growing interest towards the development of strategies for invasive seaweed control and exploitation as source of secondary metabolites. Here, we investigated the potential of exploitation in biotechnology and recycling options in eradication programs of the lipidic extract of the Mediterranean invasive seaweed Caulerpa cylindracea (Chlorophyta). The chemical characterization was carried out by means of multinuclear and multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. The fatty acid profile of C. cylindracea assessed the presence of several types of molecules known for antioxidant activity such as carotenoids, chlorophylls, pheophytins, and sterols. The NMR spectroscopy showed also the characteristic signals of saturated, unsaturated, and free fatty acids as well as other metabolites including the biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate. The lipidic extract exerted an antioxidant activity corresponding to 552.14 ± 69.13 mmol Trolox equivalent/g (ORAC) and to 70.3 ± 2.67 mmol Trolox equivalent/g (TEAC). The extract showed an antibacterial activity against several Vibrio species, suggesting its potential use in the control of diseases in mariculture. Our results show that C. cylindracea, representing a critical hazard in coastal areas, could be transformed into a gain supporting specific management actions to reduce the effects of human pressures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Stabili
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Unità Operativa di Supporto di Taranto, CNR, Via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Simonetta Fraschetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- CoNISMa-Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Immacolata Acquaviva
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Unità Operativa di Supporto di Taranto, CNR, Via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Rosa Anna Cavallo
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Unità Operativa di Supporto di Taranto, CNR, Via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Sandra Angelica De Pascali
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Carmela Gerardi
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Unità Operativa di Supporto di Lecce, via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Marcella Narracci
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Unità Operativa di Supporto di Taranto, CNR, Via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Lucia Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- CoNISMa-Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kang CH, Shin Y, Jang S, Jung Y, So JS. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio alginolyticus isolated from oyster in Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:21106-21112. [PMID: 27543129 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic Vibrio alginolyticus, a cause of severe infection in shellfish, as well as in humans, has been found at high frequency around all coastal areas of Korea. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of V. alginolyticus, to identify the strains isolated from oysters in West Sea, and to investigate their antimicrobial resistance profiles. Biochemical analyses of the 90 initially recovered presumptive V. alginolyticus colonies indicated that 16 isolates were V. alginolyticus. PCR analysis to detect the presence of the gyrB gene confirmed that 15 (93.8 %) of the 16 isolates were V. alginolyticus. These 15 isolates had the following profiles of resistance against 16 antibiotics: all isolates were resistant to ampicillin and vancomycin, and 26.7 % of the isolates exhibited resistance to cephalothin. A large number of isolates showed intermediate resistance to erythromycin (100 %) and rifampin (73.3 %). Five (33.3 %) of the V. alginolyticus isolates demonstrated multiple resistance to at least three antimicrobials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ho Kang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 402-751, South Korea
| | - YuJin Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 402-751, South Korea
| | - SeokCheol Jang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 402-751, South Korea
| | - Yeojung Jung
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 402-751, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong So
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 402-751, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Marcelo SDO, Greiciane FCAB, Lidiane DCS, Ingrid AP, Bruno RP, Marco AONSDS, Shana MDOC, Irene DSC, D aacute lia DPR, Miliane MSDS. Detection of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes in environmental strains of Vibrio spp. from mussels along the coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/ajmr2015.7636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
22
|
Longo C, Cardone F, Corriero G, Licciano M, Pierri C, Stabili L. The co-occurrence of the demosponge Hymeniacidon perlevis and the edible mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis as a new tool for bacterial load mitigation in aquaculture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:3736-3746. [PMID: 26498810 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pollutants in marine coastal areas are mainly a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, and microorganisms often play a major role in determining the extent of this pollution. Thus, practical and eco-friendly techniques are urgently required in order to control or minimise the pathogenic bacterial problem. The bacterial accumulation of Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck 1919) in the presence or absence of another filter feeder, the demosponge Hymeniacidon perlevis (Montagu 1818) on sewage flowing into the Northern Ionian Sea has been estimated in a laboratory study. On account of the interesting results obtained, we also evaluated the bioremediation capability of the sponges when reared in co-culture with mussels. Specimens of M. galloprovincialis and H. perlevis were collected from the Mar Grande and from the Second Inlet of the Mar Piccolo of Taranto (Northern Ionian Sea, Italy), respectively. In the laboratory, we detected the bacterial abundances in the sewage, in sponge homogenates (both sponges alone and sponges that have been added to sewage with mussels) and in mussel homogenates (both mussels alone and mussels that have been added to sewage with sponges). In the field, we estimated the bacterial concentration in both the seawater within the mussels culture and the seawater collected where mussels were reared in co-culture with sponges. The bacteriological analyses were performed analysing the following parameters: the density of culturable heterotrophic bacteria by spread plate on marine agar, total culturable bacteria at 37 °C on plate count agar and vibrios on thiosulphate-citrate-bile-sucrose-salt (TCBS) agar. Total coliforms, Escherichia coli and intestinal streptococci concentrations were detected by the MPN method. The study demonstrates a higher efficiency of the sponges in removing all the considered bacterial groups compared to the mussels. Due to the conspicuous bacterial accumulation by the sponge, we can conclude that the co-occurrence of the filter-feeder H. perlevis with M. galloprovincialis is a powerful tool in reducing the bacterial load in shellfish culture areas thus playing a role in mitigating the health hazard related to the consumption of edible mussels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Longo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Frine Cardone
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corriero
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Margherita Licciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Cataldo Pierri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
- Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale (IBAF-CNR), U.O.S. di Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29300, 00015, Monterotondo (Roma), Italy
| | - Loredana Stabili
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero (IAMC-CNR), U.O.S. di Taranto, Via Roma 3, 70400, Taranto, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stabili L, Licciano M, Longo C, Lezzi M, Giangrande A. The Mediterranean non-indigenous ascidian Polyandrocarpa zorritensis: Microbiological accumulation capability and environmental implications. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 101:146-152. [PMID: 26561443 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the bacterial accumulation and digestion capability of Polyandrocarpa zorritensis, a non-indigenous colonial ascidian originally described in Peru and later found in the Mediterranean. Microbiological analyses were carried out on homogenates from "unstarved" and "starved" ascidians and seawater from the same sampling site (Adriatic Sea, Italy). Culturable heterotrophic bacteria (22 °C), total culturable bacteria (37 °C) and vibrios abundances were determined on Marine Agar 2216, Plate Count Agar and TCBS Agar, respectively. Microbial pollution indicators were measured by the most probable number method. All the examined microbiological groups were accumulated by ascidians but differently digested. An interesting outcome is the capability of P. zorritensis to digest allochthonous microorganisms such as coliforms as well as culturable bacteria at 37 °C, counteracting the effects of microbial pollution. Thus, the potential exploitation of these filter feeders to restore polluted seawater should be taken into consideration in the management of this alien species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Stabili
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero - Sezione di Taranto - CNR, Via Roma 3, 74100 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Margherita Licciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Caterina Longo
- Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ambientale, Università di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Marco Lezzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Adriana Giangrande
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Caruso G, La Ferla R, Azzaro M, Zoppini A, Marino G, Petochi T, Corinaldesi C, Leonardi M, Zaccone R, Fonda Umani S, Caroppo C, Monticelli L, Azzaro F, Decembrini F, Maimone G, Cavallo RA, Stabili L, Hristova Todorova N, K. Karamfilov V, Rastelli E, Cappello S, Acquaviva MI, Narracci M, De Angelis R, Del Negro P, Latini M, Danovaro R. Microbial assemblages for environmental quality assessment: Knowledge, gaps and usefulness in the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Crit Rev Microbiol 2015; 42:883-904. [DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2015.1087380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
25
|
Stabili L, Pagliara P. The sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus immunological response to chemical pollution exposure: The case of lindane. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 134:60-66. [PMID: 25911048 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the marine environment organochlorine insecticides can be broadly detected in water, sediments, and biota. These pollutants may have major ecological consequences since they may affect marine organisms and endanger organismal growth, reproduction or survival. In this study we investigated the modification of some sea urchin immunological parameters in response to subchronic lindane (γ-HCH) exposure. Adult specimens of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus were exposed to two different concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 mg L(-1)) of lindane. After 24 and 48h of treatment, we examined the lindane influence on coelomocytes vitality and enumeration as well on some humoral parameters. Our results showed that the presence of the pesticide affected both cellular and humoral components of the immune system. In particular, P. lividus coelomocytes vitality did not change but a decrease of the total cell number and an increase of the red cells was recorded. Haemolytic and lysozyme-like activities as well as antibacterial activity on Vibrio alginolyticus of treated animals decreased. Sea urchin immunological competence modifications might represent a tool for monitoring disease susceptibility thus providing biological criteria for the implementation of water quality standards to protect marine organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Stabili
- National Research Council, Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, Via Roma 3, 74100 Taranto, Italy; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Pagliara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hygiene and health risks associated with the consumption of edible lamellibranch molluscs. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 201:52-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
27
|
Stabili L, Licciano M, Lezzi M, Giangrande A. Microbiological accumulation by the Mediterranean invasive alien species Branchiomma bairdi (Annelida, Sabellidae): potential tool for bioremediation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 86:325-331. [PMID: 25070411 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We examined the bacterial accumulation and digestion in the alien polychaete Branchiomma bairdi. Microbiological analyses were performed on worm homogenates from "unstarved" and "starved" individuals and on seawater from the same sampling site (Ionian Sea, Italy). Densities of culturable heterotrophic bacteria (22 °C), total culturable bacteria (37 °C) and vibrios were measured on Marine Agar 2216, Plate Count Agar and TCBS Agar, respectively. Microbial pollution indicators were determined by the most probable number method. B. bairdi was able to accumulate all the six considered microbiological groups which, however, differ in their resistance to digestion. B. bairdi results more efficient than the other two co-occurring sabellids in removing bacteria suggesting that it may counteract the effects of microbial pollution playing a potential role for in situ bioremediation. Thus a potential risk, such as the invasion of an alien species, could be transformed into a benefit with high potential commercial gain and economic feasibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Stabili
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero - Sezione di Taranto - CNR, Via Roma 3, 74100 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Margherita Licciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Marco Lezzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Adriana Giangrande
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Machado A, Bordalo AA. Diversity and dynamics of the Vibrio community in well water used for drinking in Guinea-Bissau (West Africa). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2014; 186:5697-5709. [PMID: 24859857 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-3813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and can be found either in culturable or in a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. The genus comprises many pathogenic species accountable for water and food-borne diseases that prove to be fatal, especially in developing countries, as in Guinea-Bissau (West Africa), where cholera is endemic. In order to ascertain the abundance and structure of Vibrio spp. community in well waters that serve as the sole source of water for the population, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), PCR-denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and cloning approaches were used. Results suggest that Vibrio spp. were present throughout the year in acidic, freshwater wells with a seasonal community composition shift. Vibrio spp. abundance was in accordance with the abundance found in coastal environments. Sequences closely related to pathogenic Vibrio species were retrieved from well water revealing exposure of the population to such pathogens. pH, ammonium, and turbidity, regulated by the rain pattern, seem to be the variables that contributed mostly to the shaping and selection of the Vibrio spp. community. These results reinforce the evidence for water monitoring with culture-independent methods and the clear need to create/recover water infrastructures and a proper water resources management in West African countries with similar environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Machado
- Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Ecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS-UP), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal,
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Multilocus sequence analysis of putative Vibrio mediterranei strains and description of Vibrio thalassae sp. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 2014; 37:320-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
30
|
Mannas H, Mimouni R, Chaouqy N, Hamadi F, Martinez-Urtaza J. Occurrence of Vibrio and Salmonella species in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected along the Moroccan Atlantic coast. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:265. [PMID: 24936389 PMCID: PMC4057555 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the occurrence of different Vibrio and Salmonella species in 52 samples of Mytilus galloprovincialis collected from four sites along the Atlantic coast between Agadir and Essaouira (Anza, Cap Ghir, Imssouane and Essaouira). The level of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was also determined to evaluate the degree of microbial pollution in the investigated areas. In this study three methods were used : AFNOR NF EN ISO 6579 V08-013 for Salmonella spp., the provisional method routinely used by several laboratories (Institut Pasteur, Paris,…) for Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the seafood, and the most probable number method (MPN) using Norm ISO/TS 16649–3 (2005) for E. coli. The most frequently isolated Vibrios were Vibrio alginolyticus (90.4% of samples), followed by V. cholerae non O1 non O139 (15.4%) and V. parahaemolyticus (7.7%). Salmonella spp. was found in 15% of the samples. The number of E. coli ranged between 0.2/100 g and 1.8 103 /100 g of mussel soft tissues. This study indicates the potential sanitary risk associated with the presence of pathogenic bacteria in cultivated mussels in the two populous regions of southern Morocco, where shellfish production and maritime tourism are important to the local economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasna Mannas
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology & Valorisation of Natural Resources, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Rachida Mimouni
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology & Valorisation of Natural Resources, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Noureddine Chaouqy
- Laboratory of Microbiology, National Health Security Food Office (ONSSA), Agadir, Morocco
| | - Fatima Hamadi
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology & Valorisation of Natural Resources, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Jaime Martinez-Urtaza
- Reader in Infection and Immunology Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, BA2 7AY Bath, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Narracci M, Acquaviva MI, Cavallo RA. Mar Piccolo of Taranto: Vibrio biodiversity in ecotoxicology approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:2378-2385. [PMID: 24072640 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play an indispensable role in the ecological functioning of marine environment. Some species are sensitive while others are insensitive for a specific pollutant. The aim of this work is a preliminary study of the quantitative and qualitative distribution of cultivable vibrios in sediments and water samples characterized by different toxicity levels. For 1 year, in three suitably selected sampling stations of Mar Piccolo in Taranto (Ionian Sea, Italy), we have evaluated the toxicity level by Microtox® system, vibrios, total, and fecal coliform densities. The results of the Microtox® tests showed sediments characterized by an elevated level of toxicity, while the interstitial water of the same sites always showed biostimulatory phenomenon. The quantitative results show that vibrios and coliforms are more abundant in water than in sediment samples. The most often isolated strains were: Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio mediterranei, Vibrio metschinkovii, and Vibrio splendidus II. This work is the first example of study on the distribution of Vibrio species related to toxicity evaluation conducted by the Microtox® bioassay. The results show the different distribution of Vibrionaceae in two environmental matrices analyzed and characterized by different levels of toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Narracci
- , CNR-IAMC-Taranto, Via Roma 3, 74100, Taranto, Italy
| | - M I Acquaviva
- , CNR-IAMC-Taranto, Via Roma 3, 74100, Taranto, Italy.
| | - R A Cavallo
- , CNR-IAMC-Taranto, Via Roma 3, 74100, Taranto, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Romalde JL, Dieguez AL, Lasa A, Balboa S. New Vibrio species associated to molluscan microbiota: a review. Front Microbiol 2014; 4:413. [PMID: 24427157 PMCID: PMC3877837 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Vibrio consists of more than 100 species grouped in 14 clades that are widely distributed in aquatic environments such as estuarine, coastal waters, and sediments. A large number of species of this genus are associated with marine organisms like fish, molluscs and crustaceans, in commensal or pathogenic relations. In the last decade, more than 50 new species have been described in the genus Vibrio, due to the introduction of new molecular techniques in bacterial taxonomy, such as multilocus sequence analysis or fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism. On the other hand, the increasing number of environmental studies has contributed to improve the knowledge about the family Vibrionaceae and its phylogeny. Vibrio crassostreae, V. breoganii, V. celticus are some of the new Vibrio species described as forming part of the molluscan microbiota. Some of them have been associated with mortalities of different molluscan species, seriously affecting their culture and causing high losses in hatcheries as well as in natural beds. For other species, ecological importance has been demonstrated being highly abundant in different marine habitats and geographical regions. The present work provides an updated overview of the recently characterized Vibrio species isolated from molluscs. In addition, their pathogenic potential and/or environmental importance is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús L. Romalde
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Anacleto P, Pedro S, Nunes ML, Rosa R, Marques A. Microbiological composition of native and exotic clams from Tagus estuary: effect of season and environmental parameters. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 74:116-124. [PMID: 23896404 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The influence of seasonal and environmental parameters on the occurrence of bacteria was investigated in two clam species (Venerupis pullastra and Ruditapes philippinarum), water and sediment from the Tagus estuary. Total viable counts (TVC), Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Vibrio spp. were evaluated during one-year. Overall, significant seasonal variations were found in both sampling sites, especially for E. coli and Vibrio spp. levels. In summer, significantly higher Vibrio spp. levels were found in R. philippinarum and sediment samples, but not in V. pullastra clams and water samples. In contrast, significantly higher TVC and E. coli levels were observed in winter months in water and sediment samples. Salmonella spp. was generally isolated when higher levels of E. coli were detected, particularly in R. philippinarum. This study is useful for authorities to develop monitoring strategies for coastal contamination and to estimate human health risks associated with the consumption of bivalves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Anacleto
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; Guia Marine Laboratory, Center of Oceanography, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon (FCUL), Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
AbstractIn mariculture, diseases of microbial origin can cause significant economic losses worldwide; the evolution of microorganism resistance to antibiotics has resulted in a growing need for new antibacterial compounds that are effective in veterinary medicine and characterized by limited undesirable side effects. Increased attention has recently been turned to seaweeds as a promising source for metabolites with antimicrobial activity. Vibriosis is a common disease, caused by bacteria of the genus Vibrio, that can result in high mortality in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to identify seaweeds with antibacterial activity against some pathogenic Vibrio species, in order to identify a possible alternative to the commonly used antibiotics in aquaculture. Chloroform/methanol lipidic extracts of six seaweed species (Chaetomorpha linum, Cladophora rupestris, Gracilaria dura, Gracilaria gracilis, Gracilariopsis longissima, Ulva prolifera) were tested for their antibacterial activities against six fish pathogenic Vibrio species using the disc diffusion method. Different susceptibilities to lipidic algal extracts were observed. All six of the seaweed extracts tested demonstrated inhibition of Vibrio ordalii. The best was that from Gracilariopsis longissima, showing activity against Vibrio ordalii, Vibrio salmonicida, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus. The results confirmed the potential use of seaweed extracts as a source of antibacterial compounds or as a health-promoting feed for aquaculture.
Collapse
|
35
|
Stabili L, Terlizzi A, Cavallo RA. Sewage-exposed marine invertebrates: survival rates and microbiological accumulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:1606-1616. [PMID: 22976047 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A large number of bacteria, including agents responsible for diseases, characterise sewage-polluted seawaters. Apart from standards for bathing waters and bivalve aquaculture waters, there are no general microbiological standards applicable to seawaters to help decide if bacterial pollution is within acceptable ranges. This study represents an attempt towards the issue of comparing the susceptibility of different marine invertebrates subjected to polluted seawater with a high microbial contamination. We explored the survival rates and the microbiological accumulation of mollusc bivalves, echinoderms and crustaceans species exposed to sewage-polluted seawaters. Microbiological analyses were performed on the polluted seawater and on the homogenates of exposed and unexposed specimens. Culturable bacteria (22 °C and 37 °C) and microbial pollution indicators (total coliforms, Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci) were measured. When exposed to the sewage-polluted seawater, the examined invertebrates showed different survival rates. In the filter feeders, bacterial densities at 22 °C and 37 °C rose after 96 h of exposure to sewage. The highest concentrations of total coliforms and intestinal enterococci were found in exposed bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis. The concentrations of bacteria growing at 37 °C were lower in the exposed deposit feeders compared to the polluted seawater. Some yeasts were absent in several exposed species although these yeasts were present in the polluted seawater. Our data suggest that the examined filter feeders, given their capability to survive and accumulate bacteria, may counteract the effects of sewage and restore seawater quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Stabili
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero Sezione di Taranto "A. Cerruti"-CNR, via Roma 3, 74100, Taranto, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gauthier-Clerc S, Boily I, Fournier M, Lemarchand K. In vivo exposure of Mytilus edulis to living enteric bacteria: a threat for immune competency? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:612-620. [PMID: 23014953 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mussels are widespread in coastal environments and experience various physical, chemical, and bacteriological conditions. Owing to the increase of coastal urbanization, mussels are now commonly exposed not only to indigenous bacteria, but also to enteric bacteria originating from pulsed and chronic sewage discharges into coastal environments. Due to its broad resilience to environmental variations, the blue mussel Mytilus edulis is commonly used as an indicator of environmental quality in bio-monitoring programs. However, since mussel immune system capabilities may be affected by the presence of exogenous fecal bacteria in coastal seawater subjected to sewage discharges, we aimed to determine the effect of in vivo bacterial challenges on mussels' immune competency by using two exogenous enteric bacterial strains, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis, and an indigenous bacterial strain Vibrio splendidus (as control). Bacterial strains were tested individually, by injection into the posterior adductor muscle at three different cell densities (10(2), 10(3), and 10(4) cells). Unlike classic in vitro experiments using higher bacterial concentrations, neither the enteric bacteria nor the indigenous strain induced significant increase or decrease of either cell-mediated (phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species, and NO(x) production) or humoral components (prophenoloxidase-like, acid phosphatase, and L-leucine-aminopeptidase production) of the immune system. This study demonstrates that, at low concentrations, E. coli and E. faecalis do not represent an additional threat that could impair M. edulis immune competency and, as a consequence, its potential of survival in coastal areas subjected to sewage discharges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Gauthier-Clerc
- Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, UQAR, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Vignesh S, Muthukumar K, James RA. Antibiotic resistant pathogens versus human impacts: a study from three eco-regions of the Chennai coast, southern India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2012; 64:790-800. [PMID: 22321173 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the occurrence of pollution indicators and antibiotic resistant bacterial isolates from water and sediment samples of three different eco-regions of the Chennai coast between March - May of 2010. Total of 960 bacterial strains belonging to four genera were isolated which show the highest frequencies of resistance to vancomycin (53.6%) and penicillin (52.6%) (except Enterococcus sp., which is highly resistant to erythromycin) and lowest frequencies of resistance to chloramphenicol (3.43%), ciprofloxacin (3.95%), gentamicin (4.68%), and tetracycline (6.97%). The E. coli, Vibrio sp., Salmonella sp. and Enterococcus sp. show high frequency of resistance to 2-5 antibacterials of 60.4%, 45.83%, 69.16% and 46.6%, respectively. High pollution indices (PI - 6.66-14.06) and antibiotic resistance indices (ARI - 0.29-0.343) indicate that the coastal environment is highly exposed to antibiotic sources that suggesting to avoid direct contact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivanandham Vignesh
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Association of bioluminescent bacteria from blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus (Linneaus, 1758). ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
39
|
Characterization of role of the toxR gene in the physiology and pathogenicity of Vibrio alginolyticus. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2011; 101:281-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-011-9632-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
40
|
Henigman U, Biasizzo M, Vadnjal S, Kirbiš A, Toplak I, Barlič-Maganja D. Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) in Slovenia. Acta Vet Hung 2011; 59:155-64. [PMID: 21665569 DOI: 10.1556/avet.2011.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shellfish samples harvested along the Slovenian coast. Shellfish samples of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were collected along the Slovenian coast at four locations (Seča, Piran, Strunjan and Debeli Rtič) between 2006 and 2008. Samples were examined and analysed for the presence of V. parahaemolyticus by conventional and molecular methods. The presence of Vibrio in the samples was examined by conventional methods on plate grown bacterial cells before and after enrichment in alkaline saline peptone water (ASPW). PCR methods were used for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus-specific toxR and tlh genes and of the virulence-associated tdh and trh genes. Out of 168 samples examined, 24 were positive for toxR and tlh genes by PCR from enrichment broth. Five out of 62 (8.1%), 4 out of 32 (12.5%) and 15 out of 74 (20.2%) samples were positive in 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. Colonies of V. parahaemolyticus were isolated from only one sample positive for V. parahaemolyticus by PCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urška Henigman
- 1 University of Ljubljana Institute for Food Hygiene, Veterinary Faculty Gerbičeva 60 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Majda Biasizzo
- 1 University of Ljubljana Institute for Food Hygiene, Veterinary Faculty Gerbičeva 60 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Stanka Vadnjal
- 1 University of Ljubljana Institute for Food Hygiene, Veterinary Faculty Gerbičeva 60 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Andrej Kirbiš
- 1 University of Ljubljana Institute for Food Hygiene, Veterinary Faculty Gerbičeva 60 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Ivan Toplak
- 2 University of Ljubljana Institute for Microbiology and Parasitology, Virology Unit Ljubljana Slovenia
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus in the German Bight over a seasonal cycle. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2011; 100:291-307. [PMID: 21598011 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-011-9586-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are an important component of marine ecosystems worldwide. The genus harbors several human pathogens, for instance the species Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a main cause for foodborne gastroenteritis in Asia and the USA. Pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains emerged also in Europe, but little is known about the abundance, pathogenicity and ecology of V. parahaemolyticus especially in Northern European waters. This study focuses on V. parahaemolyticus and its close relative Vibrio alginolyticus in the North Sea (Helgoland Roads, Germany). Free-living, plankton-attached and shellfish-associated Vibrio spp. were quantified between May 2008 and January 2010. CFUs up to 4.3 × 10(3) N l(-1) and MPNs up to 240 N g(-1) were determined. Phylogenetic classification based on rpoB gene sequencing revealed V. alginolyticus as the dominant Vibrio species at Helgoland Roads, followed by V. parahaemolyticus. We investigated the intraspecific diversity of V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus using ERIC-PCR. The fingerprinting disclosed three distinct groups at Helgoland Roads, representing V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus and one group in between. The species V. parahaemolyticus occurred mainly in summer months. None of the strains carried the virulence-associated genes tdh or trh. We further analyzed the influence of nutrients, secchi depth, temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton on the abundance of Vibrio spp. and the population structure of V. parahaemolyticus. Spearman Rank analysis revealed that particularly temperature correlated significantly with Vibrio spp. numbers. Based on multivariate statistical analyses we report that the V. parahaemolyticus population was structured by a complex combination of environmental parameters. To further investigate these influences is the key to understanding the dynamics of Vibrio spp. in temperate European waters, where this microbial group and especially the pathogenic species, are likely to gain in importance.
Collapse
|
42
|
García-Amado MA, Bozo-Hurtado L, Astor Y, Suárez P, Chistoserdov A. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analyses of the vertical distribution and diversity of Vibrio spp. populations in the Cariaco Basin. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2011; 77:347-56. [PMID: 21507026 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01116.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cariaco system is the second largest permanently anoxic marine water body in the world. Its water column is characterized by a pronounced vertical layering of microbial communities. The goal of our study was to investigate the vertical distribution and diversity of Vibrio spp. present in the Cariaco Basin waters using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA fragments. Representatives of the Vibrio genus were detected by nested and direct PCR in seawater at 10 depths. Sequence analyses of 55 DGGE bands revealed that only 11 different operational taxonomic units (OTU) are identified as Vibrio species. Between one and five OTUs were detected at each depth and the most common OTUs were OTU 1 and OTU 2, which phylogenetically clustered with Vibrio chagasii and Vibrio fortis, respectively. OTUs 3 and 4 were only found in the anoxic zone and were identified as Vibrio orientalis and Vibrio neptunius, respectively. Several Vibrio species detected are potentially pathogenic to human, prawns and corals such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio fischeri and Vibrio shilonii. In the Cariaco Basin, different Vibrio species were found to be specific to specific depths strata, suggesting that this genus is a natural component of the microbial communities in this marine redox environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alexandra García-Amado
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Gastrointestinal, Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Power plays: iron transport and energy transduction in pathogenic vibrios. Biometals 2011; 24:559-66. [PMID: 21399938 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-011-9437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Vibrios are a unique group of bacteria inhabiting a vast array of aquatic environments. Many Vibrio species are capable of infecting a wide assortment of hosts. Some of these species include V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. anguillarum, and V. cholerae. The ability of these organisms to utilize iron is essential in establishing both an infection in their hosts as well as surviving in the environment. Bacteria are able to sequester iron through the secretion of low molecular weight iron chelators termed siderophores. The iron-siderophore complexes are bound by specific outer membrane receptors and are brought through both the outer and inner membranes of the cell. The energy needed to drive this active transport is achieved through the TonB energy transduction system. When first elucidated in E. coli, the TonB system was shown to be a three protein complex consisting of TonB, ExbB and ExbD. Most Vibrio species carry two TonB systems. The second TonB system includes a fourth protein; TtpC, which is essential for TonB2 mediated iron transport. Some Vibrio species have been shown to carry a third TonB system that also includes a TtpC protein.
Collapse
|
44
|
Yue X, Liu B, Sun L. Isolation and characterization of a virulent Vibrio sp. bacterium from clams (Meretrix meretrix) with mass mortality. J Invertebr Pathol 2010; 106:242-9. [PMID: 21055407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Revised: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
MM5 was a bacterial strain isolated from moribund clam (Meretrix meretrix) collected from a farm with mass mortality outbreak. Primary genotypic and phenotypic identification including 16S rDNA sequence analysis, multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of four housekeeping genes (gapA, ftsZ, mreB and topA) and biochemical tests suggested that strain MM5 was a Vibrio species closest to but different from Vibrio furnissii. Our previous study indicated that MM5 could induce a high mortality of M. meretrix (Yue et al., 2010). Quantitative challenge test was performed in this study to further evaluate the pathogenic potential of MM5, which showed that at 84 h post-inoculation, the cumulative mortalities of the MM5-injected group were significantly higher than those of control groups (P<0.05). Cytopathological and histopathological features of the clam infected by MM5 were carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining, respectively. Cytopathologically, foci of MM5 were found in hepatocytes of the clam infected by MM5. In addition, cytopathological lesion was detected in foot of infected clam. Histopathologically, MM5 was detected in different tissues of infected clam, including hepatopancreas, mantle and gill. Challenge test combined with pathological features indicated that MM5 was virulent to M. meretrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yue
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Beneduce L, Vernile A, Spano G, Massa S, Lamacchia F, Oliver JD. Occurrence of Vibrio vulnificus in mussel farms from the Varano lagoon environment. Lett Appl Microbiol 2010; 51:443-9. [PMID: 20807335 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Monitoring the occurrence of the human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus in a mussel farm located in the lagoon of Varano (Italy). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 72 samples of mussel, water and sediment, collected from two locations of Varano lagoon in the Gargano peninsula, during a 7-month survey, were analysed. Isolation and PCR characterization of six V. vulnificus environmental genotype strains revealed that this pathogen was isolated when with T was above 22 °C and salinity ranged between 22.7 and 26.4‰. No significant correlation of the occurrence of V. vulnificus with water pH or salinity was observed. Moreover, 8% of mussel samples were found to be contaminated by V. vulnificus. All of that positive mussel samples originated from the same sampling station. CONCLUSION It is suggested that warmer season are risky to eat raw or undercooked bivalve molluscs in the local area. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY To increase knowledge about environmental conditions that may affect the occurrence of waterborne pathogen Vibrio vulnificus in seafood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Beneduce
- Department of Food Science, Foggia University, Foggia, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Longo C, Corriero G, Licciano M, Stabili L. Bacterial accumulation by the Demospongiae Hymeniacidon perlevis: a tool for the bioremediation of polluted seawater. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2010; 60:1182-1187. [PMID: 20434181 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Sponges can filter large amounts of water, which exerts an important grazing impact on free bacteria, an important component of the diet of sponges. We examined the accumulation of bacteria in the Demospongiae (Hymeniacidon perlevis). Analyses were performed on homogenates from unstarved and starved sponges in seawater from their sampling site (the Ionian Sea). Culturable heterotrophic bacteria (22 degrees C), total culturable bacteria (37 degrees C) and vibrios densities were measured on marine agar 2216, plate count agar and TCBS agar, respectively. Total and fecal coliforms, as well as fecal streptococci, were determined by the most probable number method (MPN). H. perlevis was able to accumulate all of the six microbiological groups. Bacterial groups differed in their resistance to digestion by H. perlevis. Our data suggest that H. perlevis may accumulate, remediate and metabolize bacteria and that they may be employed as a useful bioindicator and bioremediator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Longo
- Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ambientale, Università di Bari, Via Orabona, 4-70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Biochemical characteristics and genetic diversity of Vibrio spp. and Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from the Lac of Bizerte (Tunisia). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
48
|
Caburlotto G, Haley BJ, Lleò MM, Huq A, Colwell RR. Serodiversity and ecological distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Venetian Lagoon, Northeast Italy. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2010; 2:151-157. [PMID: 23766011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2009.00123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a natural inhabitant of estuarine and marine environments constituting part of the autochthonous microflora. This species is associated with human gastroenteritis caused by ingestion of contaminated water and undercooked seafood. During the past several years, the number of V. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis cases have increased worldwide, causing over half of all food-poisoning outbreaks of bacterial origin. Vibrio populations in water are known to be influenced by environmental factors. Notably, it has been shown that in different parts of the world the distribution of V. parahaemolyticus in the marine environment is related to the water temperature. In this study, we identified environmental determinants affecting distribution of V. parahaemolyticus in the Venetian Lagoon, in the Italian North Adriatic Sea. Data obtained revealed that sea surface temperature constitutes the key factor influencing occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus, but salinity and chlorophyll concentration are also important. Serotyping of a collection of V. parahaemolyticus environmental isolates revealed high serodiversity, with serotypes O3:KUT and O1:KUT, belonging to the 'pandemic group', occurring with higher frequency. From our results, we conclude that there is no correlation between serotype and specific geographic site or season of the year. However, certain serotypes were isolated in the Lagoon during the entire 18 months of the study, strongly suggesting persistence in this environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Caburlotto
- Dipartimento di Patologia, Sezione di Microbiologia, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Verona, Italy. Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, Center of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Institute of Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Beaz-Hidalgo R, Balboa S, Romalde JL, Figueras MJ. Diversity and pathogenecity of Vibrio species in cultured bivalve molluscs. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2010; 2:34-43. [PMID: 23765996 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2010.00135.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Shellfish production is seriously affected by bacterial pathogens that cause high losses in hatcheries and in the aquaculture sector. A number of Vibrio species are considered important pathogens and have provoked severe mortality outbreaks. The pathologies caused by vibrios in bivalves have been described since the 1960s; however, over recent years, successive episodes of high mortality have been recorded due to these microorganisms. The present work provides an updated overview of the different studies performed in relation with the diversity of Vibrio spp. associated to bivalves. Special attention is given to the main Vibrio diseases and implicated species affecting the different life stages of cultured bivalves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Beaz-Hidalgo
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. IISPV. Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología. CIBUS. Facultad de Biología. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Igbinosa EO, Obi LC, Okoh AI. Occurrence of potentially pathogenic vibrios in final effluents of a wastewater treatment facility in a rural community of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Res Microbiol 2009; 160:531-7. [PMID: 19732825 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2009.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the occurrence of Vibrio pathogens in the final effluents of a rural wastewater treatment facility in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa as free or plankton-associated (180 microm, 60 microm and 20 microm plankton sizes) entities using standard culture-based and molecular techniques. The free-living Vibrio densities varied from 0 to 3.45 x 10(1) cfu ml(-1), while the plankton-associated Vibrio densities vary with plankton sizes as follows: 180 microm (0-4.50 x 10(3) cfu ml(-1)); 60 microm (0-4.86 x 10(3) cfu ml(-1)); 20 microm (0-1.9 x 10(5) cfu ml(-1)). The seasonal variations in the Vibrio densities in the 180 and 60 microm plankton size samples were significant (p < 0.05), while the 20 microm plankton size and free-living Vibrio densities were not. Molecular confirmation of the presumptive vibrios isolates revealed fluvialis (36.5%), as the predominant species, followed by Vibrio vulnificus (34.6%), and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (23.1%); only API 20NE was employed to detect Vibrio metschnikovii (5.8%), suggesting a high incidence of pathogenic Vibrio species in the final effluent of the rural wastewater facility. Analysis suggested that the concentration of Vibrio species correlated negatively with salinity and temperature (p < 0.001 and p < 0.002 respectively) as well as with pH and turbidity (p < 0.001) in the final effluent. We conclude that rural wastewater treatment facilities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa are potential sources of Vibrio pathogens in the aquatic environment of the communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etinosa O Igbinosa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | | | | |
Collapse
|