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Rabbani G, Ahmad E, Ahmad A, Khan RH. Structural features, temperature adaptation and industrial applications of microbial lipases from psychrophilic, mesophilic and thermophilic origins. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:822-839. [PMID: 36402388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microbial lipases are very prominent biocatalysts because of their ability to catalyze a wide variety of reactions in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Here microbial lipases from different origins (psychrophiles, mesophiles, and thermophiles) have been reviewed. This review emphasizes an update of structural diversity in temperature adaptation and industrial applications, of psychrophilic, mesophilic, and thermophilic lipases. The microbial origins of lipases are logically dynamic, proficient, and also have an extensive range of industrial uses with the manufacturing of altered molecules. It is therefore of interest to understand the molecular mechanisms of adaptation to temperature in occurring lipases. However, lipases from extremophiles (psychrophiles, and thermophiles) are widely used to design biotransformation reactions with higher yields, fewer byproducts, or useful side products and have been predicted to catalyze those reactions also, which otherwise are not possible with the mesophilic lipases. Lipases as a multipurpose biological catalyst have given a favorable vision in meeting the needs of several industries such as biodiesel, foods, and drinks, leather, textile, detergents, pharmaceuticals, and medicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulam Rabbani
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ejaz Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India.
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2
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Li H, Gao S, Qiu Y, Liang C, Zhu S, Zheng G. Genome mining integrating semi-rational protein engineering and nanoreactor design: roadmap for a robust biocatalyst for industrial resolution of Vince lactam. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:1109-1123. [PMID: 31828408 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Biomanufacturing of chemicals using biocatalysts is an attractive strategy for the production of valuable pharmaceuticals since it is usually more economical and has a much-reduced environmental impact. However, there are often challenges such as their thermal instability that should be overcome before a newly discovered enzyme is eventually translated into industrial processes. In this work, we describe a roadmap for the development of a robust catalyst for industrial resolution of Vince lactam, a key intermediate for the synthesis of carbocyclic-nucleoside-related pharmaceuticals. By a genome mining strategy, a new (+)-γ-lactamase (MiteL) from Microbacterium testaceum was successfully discovered and biochemically characterized. In vitro studies showed that the enzyme exhibited high activity but poor enantioselectivity (E = 6.3 ± 0.2) toward racemic Vince lactam, and thus, it is not suitable for industrial applications. Based on structural modeling and docking studies, a semi-rational engineering strategy combined with an efficient screening method was then applied to improve the enantioselectivity of MiteL. Several mutants with significant shifting stereoselectivity toward (-)-γ-lactam were obtained by site-saturation mutagenesis. Synergy effects led to the final mutant F14D/Q114R/M117L, which enabled efficient acquisition of (-)-γ-lactam with a high E value (> 200). The mutant was biochemically characterized, and the docking studies suggested a plausible mechanism for its improved selectivity. Finally, a sunflower-like nanoreactor was successfully constructed to improve the mutant's robustness via protein supramolecular self-assembly. Thus, the synergism between semi-rational protein engineering and self-assembling immobilization enabled construction of a nanoreactor with superior properties, which can be used for resolution of Vince lactam in large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaihua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaozhou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China. .,College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guojun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China. .,College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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Marín-Valls R, Hernández K, Bolte M, Joglar J, Bujons J, Clapés P. Chemoenzymatic Hydroxymethylation of Carboxylic Acids by Tandem Stereodivergent Biocatalytic Aldol Reaction and Chemical Decarboxylation. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roser Marín-Valls
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña IQAC−CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karel Hernández
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña IQAC−CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, J.-W.-Goethe-Universität, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jesús Joglar
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña IQAC−CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña IQAC−CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Clapés
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña IQAC−CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Dynamic kinetic resolution of Vince lactam catalyzed by γ-lactamases: a mini-review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 45:1017-1031. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
γ-Lactamases are versatile enzymes used for enzymatic kinetic resolution of racemic Vince lactam (2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-3-one) in the industry. Optically pure enantiomers and their hydrolytic products are widely employed as key chemical intermediates for developing a wide range of carbocyclic nucleoside medicines, including US FDA-approved drugs peramivir and abacavir. Owing to the broad applications in the healthcare industry, the resolution process of Vince lactam has witnessed tremendous progress during the past decades. Some of the most important advances are the enzymatic strategies involving γ-lactamases. The strong industrial demand drives the progress in various strategies for discovering novel biocatalysts. In the past few years, several new scientific breakthroughs, including the genome-mining strategy and elucidation of several crystal structures, boosted the research on γ-lactamases. So far, several families of γ-lactamases for resolution of Vince lactam have been discovered, and their number is continuously increasing. The purpose of this mini-review is to describe the discovery strategy and classification of these intriguing enzymes and to cover our current knowledge on their potential biological functions. Moreover, structural properties are described in addition to their possible catalytic mechanisms. Additionally, recent advances in the newest approaches, such as immobilization to increase stability, and other engineering efforts are introduced.
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Hernández K, Szekrenyi A, Clapés P. Nucleophile Promiscuity of Natural and Engineered Aldolases. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1353-1358. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Hernández
- Department of Chemical Biology and Molecular Modelling; Catalonia Institute for Advanced Chemistry IQAC-CSIC; Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Anna Szekrenyi
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Pere Clapés
- Department of Chemical Biology and Molecular Modelling; Catalonia Institute for Advanced Chemistry IQAC-CSIC; Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
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Bueno-Perez R, Balestra SRG, Camblor MA, Min JG, Hong SB, Merkling PJ, Calero S. Influence of Flexibility on the Separation of Chiral Isomers in STW-Type Zeolite. Chemistry 2018; 24:4121-4132. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Bueno-Perez
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems; Universidad Pablo de Olavide; Ctra. de Utrera, km.1 41013 Seville Spain
| | - Salvador R. G. Balestra
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems; Universidad Pablo de Olavide; Ctra. de Utrera, km.1 41013 Seville Spain
| | - Miguel A. Camblor
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC); Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Jung Gi Min
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering; Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, POSTECH; 37673 Pohang Korea
| | - Suk Bong Hong
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering; Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, POSTECH; 37673 Pohang Korea
| | - Patrick J. Merkling
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems; Universidad Pablo de Olavide; Ctra. de Utrera, km.1 41013 Seville Spain
| | - Sofia Calero
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems; Universidad Pablo de Olavide; Ctra. de Utrera, km.1 41013 Seville Spain
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Hernández K, Gómez A, Joglar J, Bujons J, Parella T, Clapés P. 2-Keto-3-Deoxy-l-Rhamnonate Aldolase (YfaU) as Catalyst in Aldol Additions of Pyruvate to Amino Aldehyde Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Hernández
- Catalonia Institute for Advanced Chemistry - IQAC-CSIC; Department of Chemical Biology and Molecular Modelling; Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Ariadna Gómez
- Catalonia Institute for Advanced Chemistry - IQAC-CSIC; Department of Chemical Biology and Molecular Modelling; Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jesús Joglar
- Catalonia Institute for Advanced Chemistry - IQAC-CSIC; Department of Chemical Biology and Molecular Modelling; Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- Catalonia Institute for Advanced Chemistry - IQAC-CSIC; Department of Chemical Biology and Molecular Modelling; Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear; Facultat de Ciències; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona Spain
| | - Pere Clapés
- Catalonia Institute for Advanced Chemistry - IQAC-CSIC; Department of Chemical Biology and Molecular Modelling; Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
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Andreeßen C, Gerlt V, Steinbüchel A. Conversion of cysteine to 3‐mercaptopyruvic acid by bacterial aminotransferases. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 99:38-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hitt DM, Belabassi Y, Suhy J, Berkman CE, Thompson CM. Chemoenzymatic resolution of rac-malathion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 25:529-533. [PMID: 24839353 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Malathion, diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]butanedioate, is an organophosphate used to control insect pests. Malathion contains a diethyl succinate moiety that is a known functional group susceptible to desymmetrizing enzymes such as esterases that selectively react with a single enantiomer. Purified rac-malathion was subjected to hydrolysis at the diethyl succinate moiety of malathion under various conditions using wild type pig liver esterase to form (S)-malathion (12 % ee) and ~ 3:2 mixture of α- and β-monoacids of (R)-malathion. Technical malathion could not be enriched due to the presence of esterase inhibitors. Further investigation of this resolution using a panel of six PLE isoenzymes also demonstrated formation of (S)-malathion, however, an improvement of up to 56 % ee was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hitt
- ATERIS Technologies, 901 N Orange Street, Missoula MT 59802, USA ; Department of Natural Sciences, Carroll College, 1601 N. Benton Ave., Helena, MT 59625, USA
| | - Yamina Belabassi
- ATERIS Technologies, 901 N Orange Street, Missoula MT 59802, USA
| | - Joyce Suhy
- ATERIS Technologies, 901 N Orange Street, Missoula MT 59802, USA
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Nibbs AE, Scheidt KA. Asymmetric Methods for the Synthesis of Flavanones, Chromanones, and Azaflavanones. European J Org Chem 2012; 2012:449-462. [PMID: 22876166 PMCID: PMC3412359 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Flavanones, chromanones, and related structures are privileged natural products that display a wide variety of biological activities. Although flavanoids are abundant in nature, there are a limited number of available general and efficient synthetic methods for accessing molecules of this class in a stereoselective manner. Their structurally simple architectures belie the difficulties involved in installation and maintenance of the stereogenic configuration at the C2 position, which can be sensitive and can undergo epimerization under mildly acidic, basic, and thermal reaction conditions. This review presents the methods currently used to access these related structures. The synthetic methods include manipulation of the flavone/flavanone core, carbon-carbon bond formation, and carbon-heteroatom bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette E. Nibbs
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Silverman Hall, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA, Fax: +1-847-467-2184, http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/scheidt
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Silverman Hall, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA, Fax: +1-847-467-2184, http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/scheidt
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11
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D'Arrigo P, Tessaro D. Multistep enzyme catalyzed reactions for unnatural amino acids. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 794:21-35. [PMID: 21956554 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-331-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of unnatural amino acids, particularly synthetic α-amino acids, for modern drug discovery research requires the availability of enantiomerically pure isomers. Starting from a racemate, one single enantiomer can be obtained using a deracemization process. The two more common strategies of deracemization are those obtained by stereoinversion and by dynamic kinetic resolution. Both techniques will be here described using as a substrate the D,L-3-(2-naphthyl)-alanine, a non-natural amino acid: the first one employing a multi-enzymatic redox system, the second one combining an hydrolytic enzyme together with a base-catalyzed substrate racemization. In both cases, the final product, L-3-(2-naphthyl)alanine, is recovered with good yield and excellent enantiomeric excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola D'Arrigo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica Giulio Natta Politecnico di Milano, The Protein Factory, Politecnico di Milano and Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Milano, Italy.
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12
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Baker P, Seah SYK. Rational Design of Stereoselectivity in the Class II Pyruvate Aldolase BphI. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 134:507-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ja208754r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Perrin Baker
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Stephen Y. K. Seah
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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14
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Stránská J, Tylichová M, Kopecný D, Snégaroff J, Sebela M. Biochemical characterization of pea ornithine-delta-aminotransferase: substrate specificity and inhibition by di- and polyamines. Biochimie 2010; 92:940-8. [PMID: 20381578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ornithine-delta-aminotransferase (OAT, EC 2.6.1.13) catalyzes the transamination of L-ornithine to L-glutamate-gamma-semialdehyde. The physiological role of OAT in plants is not yet well understood. It is probably related to arginine catabolism resulting in glutamate but the enzyme has also been associated with stress-induced proline biosynthesis. We investigated the enzyme from pea (PsOAT) to assess whether diamines and polyamines may serve as substrates or they show inhibitory properties. First, a cDNA coding for PsOAT was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli to obtain a recombinant protein with a C-terminal 6xHis tag. Recombinant PsOAT was purified under native conditions by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and its molecular and kinetic properties were characterized. Protein identity was confirmed by peptide mass fingerprinting after proteolytic digestion. The purified PsOAT existed as a monomer of 50 kDa and showed typical spectral properties of enzymes containing pyridoxal-5'-phosphate as a prosthetic group. The cofactor content of PsOAT was estimated to be 0.9 mol per mol of the monomer by a spectrophotometric analysis with phenylhydrazine. L-Ornithine was the best substrate (K(m)=15 mM) but PsOAT also slowly converted N(alpha)-acetyl-L-ornithine. In these reactions, 2-oxoglutarate was the exclusive amino group acceptor (K(m)=2mM). The enzyme had a basic optimal pH of 8.8 and displayed relatively high temperature optimum. Diamines and polyamines were not accepted as substrates. On the other hand, putrescine, spermidine and others represented weak non-competitive inhibitors. A model of the molecular structure of PsOAT was obtained using the crystal structure of human OAT as a template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Stránská
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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15
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Synthesis of fatty acid esters and diacylglycerols at elevated temperatures by alkalithermophilic lipases from Thermosyntropha lipolytica. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 36:1281-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0610-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Naundorf A, Melzer G, Archelas A, Furstoss R, Wohlgemuth R. Influence of pH on the expression of a recombinant epoxide hydrolase in Aspergillus niger. Biotechnol J 2009; 4:756-65. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.200900034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Caligiuri A, D’Arrigo P, Rosini E, Pedrocchi-Fantoni G, Tessaro D, Molla G, Servi S, Pollegioni L. Activity of yeast d-amino acid oxidase on aromatic unnatural amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2007.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Salameh M, Wiegel J. Lipases from extremophiles and potential for industrial applications. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2007; 61:253-83. [PMID: 17448792 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(06)61007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moh'd Salameh
- Microbiology Department, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Caligiuri A, D'Arrigo P, Rosini E, Tessaro D, Molla G, Servi S, Pollegioni L. Enzymatic Conversion of Unnatural Amino Acids by YeastD-Amino Acid Oxidase. Adv Synth Catal 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200606188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Lee SG, Hong SP, Song JJ, Kim SJ, Kwak MS, Sung MH. Functional and structural characterization of thermostable D-amino acid aminotransferases from Geobacillus spp. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72:1588-94. [PMID: 16461714 PMCID: PMC1392904 DOI: 10.1128/aem.72.2.1588-1594.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
D-amino acid aminotransferases (D-AATs) from Geobacillus toebii SK1 and Geobacillus sp. strain KLS1 were cloned and characterized from a genetic, catalytic, and structural aspect. Although the enzymes were highly thermostable, their catalytic capability was approximately one-third of that of highly active Bacilli enzymes, with respective turnover rates of 47 and 55 s(-1) at 50 degrees C. The Geobacillus enzymes were unique and shared limited sequence identities of below 45% with D-AATs from mesophilic and thermophilic Bacillus spp., except for a hypothetical protein with a 72% identity from the G. kaustophilus genome. Structural alignments showed that most key residues were conserved in the Geobacillus enzymes, although the conservative residues just before the catalytic lysine were distinctively changed: the 140-LRcD-143 sequence in Bacillus D-AATs was 144-EYcY-147 in the Geobacillus D-AATs. When the EYcY sequence from the SK1 enzyme was mutated into LRcD, a 68% increase in catalytic activity was observed, while the binding affinity toward alpha-ketoglutarate decreased by half. The mutant was very close to the wild-type in thermal stability, indicating that the mutations did not disturb the overall structure of the enzyme. Homology modeling also suggested that the two tyrosine residues in the EYcY sequence from the Geobacillus D-AATs had a pi/pi interaction that was replaceable with the salt bridge interaction between the arginine and aspartate residues in the LRcD sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Goo Lee
- Laboratory of Microbial Function, KRIBB, Daejeon, Korea
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23
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Hwang BY, Kim JH, Kim J, Kim BG. Screening ofExiguobacterium acetylicum from soil samples showing enantioselective and alkalotolerant esterase activity. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02931857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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D-amino acid oxidase: structure, catalytic mechanism, and practical application. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/pl00021754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Tishkov VI, Khoronenkova SV. D-amino acid oxidase: structure, catalytic mechanism, and practical application. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10541-005-0004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Tishkov VI, Khoronenkova SV. D-amino acid oxidase: structure, catalytic mechanism, and practical application. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10541-005-0050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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27
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Tishkov VI, Popov VO. Catalytic mechanism and application of formate dehydrogenase. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/pl00021765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Tishkov VI, Popov VO. Catalytic mechanism and application of formate dehydrogenase. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2004; 69:1252-67. [PMID: 15627379 DOI: 10.1007/s10541-005-0071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
NAD+-dependent formate dehydrogenase (FDH) is an abundant enzyme that plays an important role in energy supply of methylotrophic microorganisms and in response to stress in plants. FDH belongs to the superfamily of D-specific 2-hydroxy acid dehydrogenases. FDH is widely accepted as a model enzyme to study the mechanism of hydride ion transfer in the active center of dehydrogenases because the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme is devoid of proton transfer steps and implies a substrate with relatively simple structure. FDH is also widely used in enzymatic syntheses of optically active compounds as a versatile biocatalyst for NAD(P)H regeneration consumed in the main reaction. This review covers the late developments in cloning genes of FDH from various sources, studies of its catalytic mechanism and physiological role, and its application for new chiral syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Tishkov
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
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Homann MJ, Vail RB, Previte E, Tamarez M, Morgan B, Dodds DR, Zaks A. Rapid identification of enantioselective ketone reductions using targeted microbial libraries. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.10.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Usyatinsky AY, Astakhova NM, Khmelnitsky YL. Simple and efficient solid support scavenging of excess acyl donors after enzymatic acylations in organic solvents. Biotechnol Bioeng 2003; 82:379-85. [PMID: 12632393 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method for removing excess acyl donors following enzymatic acylations in organic solvents was developed. This method is based on selective chemical scavenging of acyl donors using an amino-functionalized solid support, and does not affect the desired acylated product. A wide variety of different acyl donors, including vinyl and trifluoroethyl esters and vinyl carbonates, can be quantitatively removed by this method, thus providing a simple and highly efficient tool for purification of reaction products after enzymatic acylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ya Usyatinsky
- Albany Molecular Research Inc., 21 Corporate Circle, P.O. Box 15098, Albany, New York 12212, USA
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Faber K, Patel R. Chemical biotechnology. A happy marriage between chemistry and biotechnology: asymmetric synthesis via green chemistry. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2000; 11:517-9. [PMID: 11102783 DOI: 10.1016/s0958-1669(00)00157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Faber
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
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