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Raghav D, Jyoti A, Siddiqui AJ, Saxena J. Plant associated endophytic fungi as potential bio-factories for extracellular enzymes: Progress, Challenges and Strain improvement with precision approaches. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:287-310. [PMID: 35396804 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is an intricate network of relations between endophytic fungi and their hosts that affects the production of various bioactive compounds. Plant-associated endophytic contain industrially important enzymes and have the potential to fulfill their rapid demand in the international market to boost business in technology. Being safe and metabolically active, they have replaced the usage of toxic and harmful chemicals and hold a credible application in biotransformation, bioremediation, and industrial processes. Despite these, there are limited reports on fungal endophytes that can directly cater to the demand and supply of industrially stable enzymes. The underlying reasons include low endogenous production and secretion of enzymes from fungal endophytes which have raised concern for widely accepted applications. Hence it is imperative to augment the biosynthetic and secretory potential of fungal endophytes. Modern state-of-the-art biotechnological technologies aiming at strain improvement using cell factory engineering as well as precise gene editing like Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and its Associated proteins (Cas) systems which can provide a boost in fungal endophyte enzyme production. Additionally, it is vital to characterize optimum conditions to grow one strain with multiple enzymes (OSME). The present review encompasses various plants-derived endophytic fungal enzymes and their applications in various sectors. Further, we postulate the feasibility of new precision approaches with an aim for strain improvement and enhanced enzyme production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyangi Raghav
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Jyoti
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, SAS, Nagar, Punjab
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, P O Box, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juhi Saxena
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, SAS, Nagar, Punjab
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Portela VO, Moro A, Santana NA, Baldoni DB, de Castro IA, Antoniolli ZI, Dalcol II, Seminoti Jacques RJ. First report on the production of phytotoxic metabolites by Mycoleptodiscus indicus under optimized conditions of submerged fermentation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:1458-1470. [PMID: 33044125 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1836030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An alternative to controlling weeds resistant to conventional herbicides is the isolation of new active principles. Fungi can produce phytotoxic metabolites that may be used in the development of new herbicides. The objectives of this study were: (1) isolate, select, and identify a fungus producer of phytotoxic metabolites and (2) optimize the culture conditions of this fungus in a low-cost culture medium, with the aim of increasing the phytotoxic effects of their metabolites in weeds and commercial plants. Fungi were isolated from the leaves of Conyza sp. with disease symptoms and selected according to the production of phytotoxic metabolites in solid and submerged fermentation in a low-cost culture medium. A Plackett-Burman Design and Central Composite Rotational Design were used to optimize the conditions of temperature, agitation, pH, and concentrations of glucose and yeast extract in submerged fermentation. The phytotoxic metabolites produced under optimal conditions were tested on 10 commercial plants and weeds that are difficult to control. Of the nine fungi isolated, Mycoleptodiscus indicus UFSM54 produced higher leaf lesions. The production of phytotoxic metabolites was optimized when the fungus was cultivated at 35°C, 50 rpm, and 1.5 g L-1 of glucose in submerged fermentation. The metabolites of M. indicus caused severe phytotoxic effects on germination and seedling growth, and enhanced lesion development on detached plant leaves. The present study is the first to report on the production of phytotoxic metabolites by M. indicus, a potential producer of bioherbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anderson Moro
- Department of Soils, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Natielo Almeida Santana
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ionara Irion Dalcol
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Portela VO, Santana NA, Balbinot ML, Antoniolli ZI, de Oliveira Silveira A, Jacques RJS. Phytotoxicity Optimization of Fungal Metabolites Produced by Solid and Submerged Fermentation and its Ecotoxicological Effects. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:2980-3000. [PMID: 35316475 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Research and commercial production of bioherbicides occur to a lesser extent compared to bioinsecticides and biofungicides. In order to contribute to developing new bioherbicides with low environmental impact, this study aimed to increase the phytotoxicity of metabolites of the fungus Mycoleptodiscus indicus UFSM 54 by optimizing solid and submerged fermentation and evaluate the ecotoxicological effects on earthworms (Eisenia andrei). The Plackett-Burman and central composite rotatable designs were used to optimize metabolite phytotoxicity. The variables optimized in the fermentation were temperature, agitation, pH, water volume in the culture medium, glucose concentration, and yeast extract. The fungus was grown on sugarcane bagasse substrate, and its metabolites were applied to detached Cucumis sativus, Conyza sp., and Sorghum bicolor leaves and used in an avoidance test and acute exposure to earthworms. Metabolite phytotoxicity in submerged fermentation was optimized at 35 °C, 50 rpm, and 1.5 g l-1 of glucose and in solid fermentation at 30-37 °C and in 14-32 ml of water. The metabolites severely damaged germination, initial growth, and leaves of the three plants, and at the doses tested (maximum of 113.92 ml kg-1), the metabolites of M. indicus UFSM 54 were not toxic to earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Ortaça Portela
- Department of Soils, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97.105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Natielo Almeida Santana
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil, 97.105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele Lusa Balbinot
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil, 97.105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Zaida Inês Antoniolli
- Department of Soils, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97.105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Andressa de Oliveira Silveira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil, 97.105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Rodrigues IDSV, Barreto JT, Moutinho BL, Oliveira MMG, da Silva RS, Fernandes MF, Fernandes RPM. Production of xylanases by Bacillus sp. TC-DT13 in solid state fermentation using bran wheat. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 50:91-97. [PMID: 31517567 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1663536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Xylanases have gained increasing importance due to their diverse applications in the food, paper, and pharmaceutical industries, however, the production of these enzymes currently uses expensive substrates. It has already been estimated that more than 30% of the enzyme production cost originates from the substrate. The present study aimed to optimize the production of extracellular xylanases by the Bacillus sp. TC-DT 13 using solid-state fermentation with agro-industrial residues, with a view at reducing the production cost of these enzymes. All the agro-industrial residues were tested in submerged fermentation to select the best inductor to produce xylanase. Among these residues, wheat bran was selected as the best inducer of xylanase production with 1500 U/mL. Regarding solid-state fermentation, the use of wheat bran as the only fermentation substrate was used and a ratio of 1:4 moisture over a time of 144 hours induced higher amount of xylanase reaching 2943 U/g. The use of carbon and nitrogen sources did not result in the increase in production of xylanolitic enzymes. The use of agro-industrial residues in the solid-state fermentation, besides increasing the production of xylanase, reduces the cost of production and is an environmentally friendly alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessyca Teles Barreto
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Enzimologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Brenda Leite Moutinho
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Enzimologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Salomão da Silva
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Enzimologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Sergipe, Brazil
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Zhang D, Tu T, Wang Y, Li Y, Luo X, Zheng F, Wang X, Bai Y, Huang H, Su X, Yao B, Zhang T, Luo H. Improving the Catalytic Performance of a Talaromyces leycettanus α-Amylase by Changing the Linker Length. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:5041-5048. [PMID: 28573852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel α-amylase, Amy13A, that consists of these domains was identified in Talaromyces leycettanus JCM12802: catalytic TIM-barrel fold, domain B, domain C, Thr/Ser-rich linker region, and C-terminal CBM20 domain. The wild type and three mutant enzymes were then expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 to identify the roles of linker length (Amy13A21 and Amy13A33) and CBM20 (Amy13A-CBM) in catalysis. All enzymes had similar enzymatic properties, exhibiting optimal activities at pH 4.5-5.0 and 55-60 °C, but varied in catalytic performance. When using soluble starch as the substrate, Amy13A21 and Amy13A33 showed specific activities (926.3 and 537.8 units/mg, respectively, vs 252.1 units/mg) and catalytic efficiencies (kcat/Km, 25.7 and 22.0 mL s-1 mg-1, respectively, vs 15.4 mL s-1 mg-1) higher than those of the wild type, while Amy13A-CBM performed worse during catalysis. This study reveals the key roles of the CBM and linker length in the catalysis of GH13 α-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoduo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tao Tu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yeqing Li
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuegang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yingguo Bai
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyun Su
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Huiying Luo
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China
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Dutta P, Deb A, Majumdar S. Optimization of the Medium for the Production of Extracellular Amylase by the Pseudomonas stutzeri ISL B5 Isolated from Municipal Solid Waste. Int J Microbiol 2016; 2016:4950743. [PMID: 28096816 PMCID: PMC5206451 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4950743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of municipal solid waste is one of the major problems of the present world. The use of microbial enzymes for sustainable management of the solid waste is the need of the time. In the present study, we have isolated a potent amylase producing strain (ISL B5) from municipal solid waste. The strain was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri (P. stutzeri) both biochemically and by 16S rDNA sequencing. The optimization studies revealed that the strain ISL B5 exhibited maximum activity in the liquid media containing 2% starch (2.77 U/ml), 0.8% peptone (2.77 U/ml), and 0.001% Ca2+ ion (2.49 U/ml) under the pH 7.5 (2.59 U/ml), temperature 40°C (2.63 U/ml), and 25 h of incubation period (2.49 U/ml). The highest activity of crude enzyme has also been optimized at the pH 8 (2.49 U/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajesh Dutta
- Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal 732103, India
| | - Akash Deb
- Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal 732103, India
| | - Sukanta Majumdar
- Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal 732103, India
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Characteristics of Raw Starch-Digesting α-Amylase of Streptomyces badius DB-1 with Transglycosylation Activity and Its Applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:1283-1303. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Uygut MA, Tanyildizi MŞ. Optimization of Alpha-Amylase Production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Grown on Orange Peels. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSACTION A-SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-016-0077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mouna imen O, Mahmoud K. Statistical optimization of cultural conditions of an halophilic alpha-amylase production by halophilic Streptomyces sp. grown on orange waste powder. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Solid fermentation of wheat bran for hydrolytic enzymes production and saccharification content by a local isolate Bacillus megatherium. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:29. [PMID: 24758479 PMCID: PMC4004419 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-14-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACK GROUND For enzyme production, the costs of solid state fermentation (SSF) techniques were lower and the production higher than submerged cultures. A large number of fungal species was known to grow well on moist substrates, whereas many bacteria were unable to grow under this condition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate a highly efficient strain of Bacillus sp utilizing wheat bran in SSF and optimizing the enzyme production and soluble carbohydrates. RESULTS A local strain Bacillus megatherium was isolated from dung sheep. The maximum production of pectinase, xylanase and α-amylase, and saccharification content (total soluble carbohydrates and reducing sugars) were obtained by application of the B. megatherium in SSF using wheat bran as compared to grasses, palm leaves and date seeds. All enzymes and saccharification content exhibited their maximum production during 12-24 h, at the range of 40-80% moisture content of wheat bran, temperature 37-45°C and pH 5-8. An ascending repression of pectinase production was observed by carbon supplements of lactose, glucose, maltose, sucrose and starch, respectively. All carbon supplements improved the production of xylanase and α-amylase, except of lactose decreased α-amylase production. A little increase in the yield of total reducing sugars was detected for all carbon supplements. Among the nitrogen sources, yeast extract induced a significant repression to all enzyme productivity. Sodium nitrate, urea and ammonium chloride enhanced the production of xylanase, α-amylase and pectinase, respectively. Yeast extract, urea, ammonium sulphate and ammonium chloride enhanced the productivity of reducing sugars. CONCLUSIONS The optimization of enzyme production and sccharification content by B. megatherium in SSF required only adjustment of incubation period and temperature, moisture content and initial pH. Wheat bran supplied enough nutrients without any need for addition of supplements of carbon and nitrogen sources.
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Amplification, Sequencing and Cloning of Iranian Native Bacillus subtilis Alpha-amylase Gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2013. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.7371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Lim SH, Ibrahim D. Bioconversion of oil palm frond by Aspergillus niger to enhances it's fermentable sugar production. Pak J Biol Sci 2013; 16:920-6. [PMID: 24502148 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.920.926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an economical bioprocess to produce the fermentable sugars at laboratory scales Using Oil Palm Frond (OPF) as substrate in Solid State Fermentation (SSF). OPF waste generated by oil palm plantations is a major problem in terms of waste management. However, this lignocellulosic waste material is a cheap source of cellulose. We used OPF as substrate to produce fermentable sugars. The high content of cellulose in OPF promises the high fermentable sugars production in SSF. Saccharification of OPF waste by A. niger USMAI1 generates fermentable sugars and was evaluated through a solid state fermentation. Physical parameters, e.g., inoculum size, initial substrate moisture, initial pH, incubation temperature and the size of substrate were optimized to obtain the maximum fermentable sugars from oil palm fronds. Up to 77 mg of fermentable sugars per gram substrate was produced under the optimal physical parameter conditions. Lower productivity of fermentable sugars, 32 mg fermentable sugars per gram substrate was obtained under non optimized conditions. The results indicated that about 140.6% increase in fermentable sugar production after optimization of the physical parameters. Glucose was the major end component amongst the fermentable sugars obtained. This study indicated that under optimum physical parameter conditions, the OPF waste can be utilized to produce fermentable sugars which then convert into other products such as alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheh-Hong Lim
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Darah Ibrahim
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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Rana N, Walia A, Gaur A. α-Amylases from Microbial Sources and Its Potential Applications in Various Industries. NATIONAL ACADEMY SCIENCE LETTERS-INDIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40009-012-0104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Production, Purification, and Characterization of Thermostableα-Amylase Produced byBacillus licheniformisIsolate AI20. J CHEM-NY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/673173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An optimization strategy, based on statistical experimental design, is employed to enhance the production of thermostableα-amylase by a thermotolerantB. licheniformisAI20 isolate. Using one variant at time (OVAT) method, starch, yeast extract, and CaCl2were observed to influence the enzyme production significantly. Thereafter, the response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to acquire the best process conditions among the selected variables, where a three-level Box-Behnken design was employed to create a polynomial quadratic model correlating the relationship between the three variables andα-amylase activity. The optimal combination of the major constituents of media forα-amylase production was 1.0% starch, 0.75% yeast extract, and 0.02% CaCl2. The predicted optimumα-amylase activity was 384 U/mL/min, which is two folds more than the basal medium conditions. The producedα-amylase was purified through various chromatographic techniques. The estimated enzyme molecular mass was 55 kDa and theα-amylase had an optimal temperature and pH of 60–80°C and 6–7.5, respectively. Values ofVmaxandKmfor the purified enzyme were 454 mU/mg and 0.709 mg/mL. Theα-amylase enzyme showed great stability against different solvents. Additionally, the enzyme activity was slightly inhibited by detergents, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), or chelating agents such as EDTA and EGTA. On the other hand, great enzyme stability against different divalent metal ions was observed at 0.1 mM concentration, but 10 mM of Cu2+or Zn2+reduced the enzyme activity by 25 and 55%, respectively.
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Biotechnological Potential of Agro Residues for Economical Production of Thermoalkali-Stable Pectinase by Bacillus pumilus dcsr1 by Solid-State Fermentation and Its Efficacy in the Treatment of Ramie Fibres. Enzyme Res 2012; 2012:281384. [PMID: 22928091 PMCID: PMC3423877 DOI: 10.1155/2012/281384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of a thermostable and highly alkaline pectinase by Bacillus pumilus dcsr1 was optimized in solid-state fermentation (SSF) and the impact of various treatments (chemical, enzymatic, and in combination) on the quality of ramie fibres was investigated. Maximum enzyme titer (348.0 ± 11.8 Ug(-1) DBB) in SSF was attained, when a mixture of agro-residues (sesame oilseed cake, wheat bran, and citrus pectin, 1 : 1 : 0.01) was moistened with mineral salt solution (a(w) 0.92, pH 9.0) at a substrate-to-moistening agent ratio of 1 : 2.5 and inoculated with 25% of 24 h old inoculum, in 144 h at 40°C. Parametric optimization in SSF resulted in 1.7-fold enhancement in the enzyme production as compared to that recorded in unoptimized conditions. A 14.2-fold higher enzyme production was attained in SSF as compared to that in submerged fermentation (SmF). The treatment with the enzyme significantly improved tensile strength and Young's modulus, reduction in brittleness, redness and yellowness, and increase in the strength and brightness of ramie fibres.
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Singh R, Kapoor V, Kumar V. Influence of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on the α-amylase Production by a Newly Isolated Thermophilic Streptomyces sp. MSC702 (MTCC 10772). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ajbkr.2011.540.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chimata MK, Chetty CS, Suresh C. Fermentative Production and Thermostability Characterization of α Amylase from Aspergillus Species and Its Application Potential Evaluation in Desizing of Cotton Cloth. BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2011; 2011:323891. [PMID: 21977326 PMCID: PMC3185258 DOI: 10.4061/2011/323891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The production of extracellular amylase was investigated employing our laboratory isolate, Aspergillus niger sp. MK 07 and effect of process variables on enzyme production, was studied in a fermentor. It was found that amylase production was maximum when the fermentor volume was maintained at 70%, rate of agitation at 250 rpm, air supply at 2.5 vvm, inoculum concentration of 10%, and a pH of 5.0. Highest enzyme production obtained under all optimized conditions was 1734 U/mL with sucrose as carbon substrate and corn steep liquor as nitrogen source. Enzyme purification studies by ammonium sulphate precipitation and Sephadex G-100 chromatography was evaluated for obtaining purified enzyme. Thermostability of amylase were evaluated with varying concentrations from 0.2 to 0.5 M concentrations of calcium chloride and the highest activity obtained was 3115 U/mL with 0.3 M calcium chloride at 55°C. Effect of temperature and pH on the activity of purified enzyme was evaluated and the purified enzyme showed an activity till 75°C and a pH of 6.5. Application potential of partially purified alpha amylase on desizing of cotton cloth was evaluated with varying enzyme concentrations from 50 to 500 U/mL and the highest desizing activity was found to be at 300 U/mL.
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Nagar S, Mittal A, Kumar D, Kumar L, Kuhad RC, Gupta VK. Hyper production of alkali stable xylanase in lesser duration by Bacillus pumilus SV-85S using wheat bran under solid state fermentation. N Biotechnol 2011; 28:581-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Revised: 11/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Utilization of agro-industrial residues for pectinase production by the novel strain Pseudozyma sp. SPJ under solid state cultivation. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Hashemi M, Shojaosadati SA, Razavi SH, Mousavi SM, Khajeh K, Safari M. The Efficiency of Temperature-Shift Strategy to Improve the Production of α-Amylase by Bacillus sp. in a Solid-State Fermentation System. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-010-0425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Satheesh kumar G, Chandra MS, Mallaiah KV, Sreenivasulu P, Choi YL. Purification and characterization of highly thermostable α-amylase from thermophilic Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-009-0072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Hashemi M, Razavi SH, Shojaosadati SA, Mousavi SM, Khajeh K, Safari M. Development of a solid-state fermentation process for production of an alpha amylase with potentially interesting properties. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 110:333-7. [PMID: 20547329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ca-independency with potential activity and stability at low pH are among the most interesting characteristics of alpha-amylase in starch industry. In this attempt the synergetic effect of low pH on activity of crude Ca-independent alpha-amylase isolated from a native Bacillus sp. KR-8104 in solid-state fermentation (SSF) was studied using wheat bran (WB) as a substrate. The effects of different parameters including moisturizing agents, solid substrate to moisture ratio, particle size, incubation temperature and period, inoculum (v/w) and supplementation with 1% (w/w) different carbon and nitrogen sources on enzyme production were investigated. Maximum enzyme production of 140U/g dry fermented substrate was obtained from wheat bran moistened with tap water at a ratio of 1:1.5 and supplemented with 1% (w/w) NH(4)NO(3) and 1% (w/w) lactose after 48h incubation at 37 degrees C. Even though the production of alpha-amylase was lower at 40 and 45 degrees C, the viable cell count was higher. In addition response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to find optimum conditions of temperature and pH on crude amylase activity. Using central composite design (CCD) a quadratic mathematical model equation was derived for the prediction of enzyme activity. The results showed that the model was in good agreement with experimental results, with R(2)=0.90 (p<0.0001) and the low pH has a synergetic effect on enzyme activity at higher temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hashemi
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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23
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Jacob N, Prema P. Novel process for the simultaneous extraction and degumming of banana fibers under solid-state cultivation. Braz J Microbiol 2008; 39:115-21. [PMID: 24031190 PMCID: PMC3768366 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220080001000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2007] [Revised: 10/27/2007] [Accepted: 01/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Various process parameters for the production of polygalacturonase by Streptomyces lydicus under solid-state fermentation were optimized. The optimum particle size of wheat bran for polygalacturonase production was in the range of 500-1000 μm. Initial moisture content of 70% was found to be the optimum for enzyme production. The most suitable inoculum size was 1.25 × 10(5) CFU/mL and the optimum incubation temperature was 30°C. Addition of carbon sources resulted in 37% increase in enzyme yield (425 U/g), whereas no significant enhancement was obtained on nitrogen supplementation. Maximum enzyme yield was recorded at 72 h. When compared to the initial production medium (108.5 U/g), the enzyme yield was 3.9 fold after optimization. Solid-state fermentation was effectively employed to develop a novel process for the simultaneous extraction and degumming of banana fibers. Streptomyces lydicus was allowed to grow on wheat bran medium in which banana leaf sheath pieces were incorporated and the fiber bundles were separated after a two-step fermentative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicemol Jacob
- Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR) , Trivandrum , India
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24
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Production, purification and characterization of Bacillus sp. GRE7 xylanase and its application in eucalyptus Kraft pulp biobleaching. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-007-9516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Regulapati R, . PNM, . SNG. Production of Thermostable α-amylases by Solid State Fermentation-A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.3923/ajft.2007.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Battan B, Sharma J, Kuhad RC. High-level xylanase production by alkaliphilic Bacillus pumilus ASH under solid-state fermentation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-006-9173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Abstract
Starting with a brief history of solid-state fermentation (SSF), major aspects of SSF are reviewed, which include factors affecting SSF, biomass, fermentors, modeling, industrial microbial enzymes, organic acids, secondary metabolites, and bioremediation. Physico-chemical and environmental factors such as inoculum type, moisture and water activity, pH, temperature, substrate, particle size, aeration and agitation, nutritional factors, and oxygen and carbon dioxide affecting SSF are reviewed. The advantages of SSF over Submerged Fermentation (SmF) are indicated, and the different types of fermentors used in SSF described. The economic feasibilities of adopting SSF technology in the commercial production of industrial enzymes such as amylases, cellulases, xylanase, proteases, phytases, lipases, etc., organic acids such as citric acid and lactic acid, and secondary metabolites such as gibberellic acid, ergot alkaloids, and antibiotics such as penicillin, cyclosporin, cephamycin and tetracyclines are highlighted. The relevance of applying SSF technology in the production of mycotoxins, biofuels, and biocontrol agents is discussed, and the need for adopting SSF technology in bioremediation of toxic compounds, biological detoxication of agro-industrial residues, and biotransformation of agro-products and residues is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chundakkadu Krishna
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0204, USA.
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28
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Kunamneni A, Permaul K, Singh S. Amylase production in solid state fermentation by the thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 100:168-71. [PMID: 16198259 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.100.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2004] [Accepted: 03/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The production of extracellular amylase by the thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus was studied in solid state fermentation (SSF). Solid substrates such as wheat bran, molasses bran, rice bran, maize meal, millet cereal, wheat flakes, barley bran, crushed maize, corncobs and crushed wheat were studied for enzyme production. Growth on wheat bran gave the highest amylase activity. The maximum enzyme activity obtained was 534 U/g of wheat bran under optimum conditions of an incubation period of 120 h, an incubation temperature of 50 degrees C, an initial moisture content of 90%, a pH of 6.0, an inoculum level of 10% (v/w), a salt solution concentration of 1.5:10 (v/w) and a ratio of substrate weight to flask volume of 1:100 with soluble starch (1% w/w) and peptone (1% w/w) as supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adinarayana Kunamneni
- Department of Biotechnology, Durban Institute of Technology, ML Sultan Campus, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, South Africa.
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29
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Balkan B, Ertan F. Production and properties of alpha-amylase from Penicillium chrysogenum and its application in starch hydrolysis. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2005; 35:169-78. [PMID: 15881598 DOI: 10.1081/pb-200054740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Fungi were screened for their ability to produce alpha-amylase by a plate culture method. Penicillium chrysogenum showed high enzymatic activity. Alpha-amylase production by P. chrysogenum cultivated in liquid media containing maltose (2%) reached its maximum at 6-8 days, at 30 degrees C, with a level of 155 U ml(-1). Some general properties of the enzyme were investigated. The optimum reaction pH and temperature were 5.0 and 30-40 degrees C, respectively. The enzyme was stable at a pH range from 5.0-6.0 and at 30 degrees C for 20 min and the enzyme's 92.1% activity's was retained at 40 degrees C for 20 min without substrate. Hydrolysis products of the enzyme were maltose, unidefined oligosaccharides, and a trace amount of glucose. Alpha-amylase of P. chrysogenum hydrolysed starches from different sources. The best hydrolysis was determined (98.69%) in soluble starch for 15 minute at 30 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Balkan
- Trakya University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Biology, Edime, Turkey
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30
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Baysal Z, Uyar F, Aytekin Ç. Solid state fermentation for production of α-amylase by a thermotolerant Bacillus subtilis from hot-spring water. Process Biochem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(02)00150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Mitchell DA, Berovic M, Krieger N. Overview of solid state bioprocessing. BIOTECHNOLOGY ANNUAL REVIEW 2003; 8:183-225. [PMID: 12436920 DOI: 10.1016/s1387-2656(02)08009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state fermentation has centuries of history, but it is only in the last two decades that there has been a concerted effort to understand the bioprocessing issues involved and to apply them to a wide range of new products. This article provides an overview of the knowledge of solid-state bioprocessing that has been gained over this time. It shows that, although significant advances have been achieved in understanding of what controls process performance, much research is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Mitchell
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. P. 19041, Curitiba 81531-990, Parana, Brazil.
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32
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Ellaiah P, Adinarayana K, Bhavani Y, Padmaja P, Srinivasulu B. Optimization of process parameters for glucoamylase production under solid state fermentation by a newly isolated Aspergillus species. Process Biochem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(02)00188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mitchell DA, Berovic M, Krieger N. Biochemical engineering aspects of solid state bioprocessing. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2001; 68:61-138. [PMID: 11036686 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-45564-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite centuries of use and renewed interest over the last 20 years in solid-state fermentation (SSF) technology, and despite its good potential for a range of products, there are currently relatively few large-scale commercial applications. This situation can be attributed to the complexity of the system: Macroscale and microscale heat and mass transfer limitations are intrinsic to the system, and it is only over the last decade or so that we have begun to understand them. This review presents the current state of understanding of biochemical engineering aspects of SSF processing, including not only the fermentation itself, but also the auxiliary steps of substrate and inoculum preparation and downstream processing and waste disposal. The fermentation step has received most research attention. Significant advances have been made over the last decade in understanding how the performance of SSF bioreactors can be controlled either by the intraparticle processes of enzyme and oxygen diffusion or by the macroscale heat transfer processes of conduction, convection, and evaporation. Mathematical modeling has played an important role in suggesting how SSF bioreactors should be designed and operated. However, these models have been developed on the basis of laboratory-scale data and there is an urgent need to test these models with data obtained in large-scale bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Mitchell
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil
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34
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Castilho LR, Polato CM, Baruque EA, Sant’Anna GL, Freire DM. Economic analysis of lipase production by Penicillium restrictum in solid-state and submerged fermentations. Biochem Eng J 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1369-703x(99)00052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Singh SA, Ramakrishna M, Appu Rao A. Optimisation of downstream processing parameters for the recovery of pectinase from the fermented bran of Aspergillus carbonarius. Process Biochem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(99)00089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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36
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Gessesse A, Mamo G. High-level xylanase production by an alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. by using solid-state fermentation. Enzyme Microb Technol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Citric acid production by solid-state fermentation in a packed-bed reactor using Aspergillus niger. Enzyme Microb Technol 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(97)00048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Larroche C, Gros JB. Special transformation processes using fungal spores and immobilized cells. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 1997; 55:179-220. [PMID: 9017927 DOI: 10.1007/bfb0102066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Although many microbial processes have been described which are able to produce interesting aroma compounds, the number of industrial applications are limited. Reasons for this are in most cases low final product yield, low biotransformation rates, substrates and/or end-products inhibition, toxicity towards the microorganisms themselves and difficulties of recovery from the bioreaction mixture. This means that the development of specific catalysts and processes is an important challenge for researchers in this field. This review presents two special kinds of catalysts, fungal spores and immobilized cells, with emphasis on their production and on their use in the production of aroma compounds. The production of fungal spores by solid state fermentation is described in greater detail. In the second part, this review also offers examples of development of three production processes, the production of methyl ketones of spores of Penicillium roquefortii, the hydroxylation of beta-ionone by immobilized Aspergillus niger cells, and the production of alkyl pyrazines by bacteria in liquid and solid media. For each of these processes, the analysis of limiting steps-biological and/or physico-chemical-is presented and the significant role of process conditions to increase aroma yield is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Larroche
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique Biologique, Université Blaise Pascal, Aubière, France
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39
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Non-growth associated production of enzymes in solid state fermentation system: Its mathematical description for two enzymes produced by Bacillus licheniformis M27. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02426436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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40
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Ramadas M, Holst O, Mattiasson B. Production of amyloglucosidase by Aspergillus niger under different cultivation regimens. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 1996; 12:267-71. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00360926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/1995] [Accepted: 11/01/1995] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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42
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Sasikala C, Ramana CV. Biotechnological potentials of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria. I. Production of single-cell protein, vitamins, ubiquinones, hormones, and enzymes and use in waste treatment. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 1995; 41:173-226. [PMID: 7572333 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70310-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Sasikala
- Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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43
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Nigam P, Singh D. Solid-state (substrate) fermentation systems and their applications in biotechnology. J Basic Microbiol 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.3620340607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Ramana Murthy M, Karanth N, Raghava Rao K. Biochemical Engineering Aspects of Solid-State Fermentation. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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45
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Saucedo-Castañeda G, Lonsane B, Navarro J, Roussos S, Raimbault M. Importance of medium pH in solid state fermentation for growth of Schwanniomyces castellii. Lett Appl Microbiol 1992; 15:164-167. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1992.tb00753.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Lonsane B, Saucedo-Castaneda G, Raimbault M, Roussos S, Viniegra-Gonzalez G, Ghildyal N, Ramakrishna M, Krishnaiah M. Scale-up strategies for solid state fermentation systems. Process Biochem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-9592(92)85011-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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47
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Potential of using a single fermenter for biomass build-up, starch hydrolysis, and ethanol production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02950774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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48
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Saucedo-Castaneda G, Lonsane B, Krishnaiah M, Navarro J, Roussos S, M. R. Maintenance of heat and water balances as a scale-up criterion for the production of ethanol by schwanniomyces castellii in a solid state fermentation system. Process Biochem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-9592(92)80016-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Roussos S, Raimbault M, Geoffroy F, Saucedo-Castaneda G, Lonsane BK. Potential of ensiling for efficient management of spent residue from solid state fermentation system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02438696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Ghildyal N, Ramakrishna M, Lonsane B, Karanth N. Efficient and simple extraction of mouldy bran in a pulsed column extractor for recovery of amyloglucosidase in concentrated form. Process Biochem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-9592(91)85005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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