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Kalashgrani MY, Mousavi SM, Akmal MH, Gholami A, Omidifar N, Chiang WH, Lai CW, Ripaj Uddin M, Althomali RH, Rahman MM. Biosensors for metastatic cancer cell detection. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 559:119685. [PMID: 38663472 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Early detection and effective cancer treatment are critical to improving metastatic cancer cell diagnosis and management today. In particular, accurate qualitative diagnosis of metastatic cancer cell represents an important step in the diagnosis of cancer. Today, biosensors have been widely developed due to the daily need to measure different chemical and biological species. Biosensors are utilized to quantify chemical and biological phenomena by generating signals that are directly proportional to the quantity of the analyte present in the reaction. Biosensors are widely used in disease control, drug delivery, infection detection, detection of pathogenic microorganisms, and markers that indicate a specific disease in the body. These devices have been especially popular in the field of metastatic cancer cell diagnosis and treatment due to their portability, high sensitivity, high specificity, ease of use and short response time. This article examines biosensors for metastatic cancer cells. It also studies metastatic cancer cells and the mechanism of metastasis. Finally, the function of biosensors and biomarkers in metastatic cancer cells is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Hussnain Akmal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Omidifar
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71468-64685, Iran
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan.
| | - Chin Wei Lai
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Level 3, Block A, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Universiti Malaya (UM), 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Md Ripaj Uddin
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Raed H Althomali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Art and Science, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Al-Dawasir 11991, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Provance OK, Oria VO, Tran TT, Caulfield JI, Zito CR, Aguirre-Ducler A, Schalper KA, Kluger HM, Jilaveanu LB. Vascular mimicry as a facilitator of melanoma brain metastasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:188. [PMID: 38635031 PMCID: PMC11026261 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma has the highest propensity among solid tumors to metastasize to the brain. Melanoma brain metastases (MBM) are a leading cause of death in melanoma and affect 40-60% of patients with late-stage disease. Therefore, uncovering the molecular mechanisms behind MBM is necessary to enhance therapeutic interventions. Vascular mimicry (VM) is a form of neovascularization linked to invasion, increased risk of metastasis, and poor prognosis in many tumor types, but its significance in MBM remains poorly understood. We found that VM density is elevated in MBM compared to paired extracranial specimens and is associated with tumor volume and CNS edema. In addition, our studies indicate a relevant role of YAP and TAZ, two transcriptional co-factors scarcely studied in melanoma, in tumor cell-vasculogenesis and in brain metastasis. We recently demonstrated activation of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway and increased degradation of its downstream targets YAP and TAZ in a metastasis impaired cell line model. In the current study we establish the utility of anti-YAP/TAZ therapy in mouse models of metastatic melanoma whereby treatment effectively inhibits VM and prolongs survival of mice with MBM. The data presented herein suggest that VM may be an important and targetable mechanism in melanoma and that VM inhibition might be useful for treating MBM, an area of high unmet clinical need, thus having important implications for future treatment regimens for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia K Provance
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, SHM234E, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Victor O Oria
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thuy T Tran
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, SHM234E, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Jasmine I Caulfield
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, SHM234E, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Christopher R Zito
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, SHM234E, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Biology, School of Arts, Sciences, Business, and Education, University of Saint Joseph, West Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Adam Aguirre-Ducler
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Harriet M Kluger
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, SHM234E, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Lucia B Jilaveanu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, SHM234E, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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Waldum H, Slupphaug G. Correctly identifying the cells of origin is essential for tailoring treatment and understanding the emergence of cancer stem cells and late metastases. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1369907. [PMID: 38660133 PMCID: PMC11040596 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1369907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignancy manifests itself by deregulated growth and the ability to invade surrounding tissues or metastasize to other organs. These properties are due to genetic and/or epigenetic changes, most often mutations. Many aspects of carcinogenesis are known, but the cell of origin has been insufficiently focused on, which is unfortunate since the regulation of its growth is essential to understand the carcinogenic process and guide treatment. Similarly, the concept of cancer stem cells as cells having the ability to stop proliferation and rest in a state of dormancy and being resistant to cytotoxic drugs before "waking up" and become a highly malignant tumor recurrence, is not fully understood. Some tumors may recur after decades, a phenomenon probably also connected to cancer stem cells. The present review shows that many of these questions are related to the cell of origin as differentiated cells being long-term stimulated to proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Waldum
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Xu SJ, Chen C, Tu JH, You CX, Chen RQ, Zhang ZF, Chen SC. Dynamic Analysis of the Impact of Micropapillary Component on Different Recurrence Patterns of Pathological Stage IA3 Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:872-882. [PMID: 37962740 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14520-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the dynamic impact of the micropapillary (MIP) component on local recurrence (LR), distant metastasis (DM), and multiple recurrence (MR) of pathological stage IA3 lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS Between July 2012 and July 2020, a total of 351 patients at two medical institutions were enrolled in this study. Cumulative incidence of curves, dynamic risk curves, and time-dependent multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of the MIP component on patients. RESULTS The 5-year cumulative incidence of total recurrence with or without an MIP component was 34.2% and 12.3%, respectively (p = 0.001). In three recurrence patterns, our findings revealed that the 5-year cumulative incidence of LR (p = 0.048) and DM (p = 0.005) was higher in the 'MIP-present' group than in the 'MIP-absent' group. In the dynamic recurrence curve, the risk of the three recurrence patterns was different and varied over time between the two groups, especially in DM. Moreover, the dynamic cumulative event curve showed that after 1, 2, and 3 years of survival, the cumulative incidence of DM in the group with MIP continued to be higher than that in the group without MIP (all p < 0.05). Time-dependent Cox regression analysis indicated that the MIP component continued to be an independent risk factor for the cumulative incidence of DM in patients with 3-year survival. CONCLUSIONS Of the three recurrence patterns, the MIP component mainly aggravated the risk of DM in patients with pathological stage IA3 lung adenocarcinoma, which persisted for 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jia-Hua Tu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Putian, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Cheng-Xiong You
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Rui-Qin Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhi-Fan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu-Chen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
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Garimella SV, Gampa SC, Chaturvedi P. Mitochondria in Cancer Stem Cells: From an Innocent Bystander to a Central Player in Therapy Resistance. Stem Cells Cloning 2023; 16:19-41. [PMID: 37641714 PMCID: PMC10460581 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s417842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to rank among the world's leading causes of mortality despite advancements in treatment. Cancer stem cells, which can self-renew, are present in low abundance and contribute significantly to tumor recurrence, tumorigenicity, and drug resistance to various therapies. The drug resistance observed in cancer stem cells is attributed to several factors, such as cellular quiescence, dormancy, elevated aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, apoptosis evasion mechanisms, high expression of drug efflux pumps, protective vascular niche, enhanced DNA damage response, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, hypoxic stability, and stemness-related signaling pathways. Multiple studies have shown that mitochondria play a pivotal role in conferring drug resistance to cancer stem cells, through mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism, and dynamics. A better understanding of how mitochondria contribute to tumorigenesis, heterogeneity, and drug resistance could lead to the development of innovative cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sireesha V Garimella
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - Siri Chandana Gampa
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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Zhang Y, Yan L, Wang Z, Li F, Lv J, Liu J, Liu X, Bao L, Zhang Y. Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research on Tumor Dormancy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3230. [PMID: 37370845 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor dormancy continues to be a research hotspot with numerous pressing problems that need to be solved. The goal of this study is to perform a bibliometric analysis of pertinent articles published in the twenty-first century. We concentrate on significant keywords, nations, authors, affiliations, journals, and literature in the field of tumor dormancy, which will help researchers to review the results that have been achieved and better understand the directions of future research. We retrieved research articles on tumor dormancy from the Web of Science Core Collection. This study made use of the visualization tools VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Scimago Graphica, as visualization helps us to uncover the intrinsic connections between information. Research on tumor dormancy has been growing in the 21st century, especially from 2015 to the present. The United States is a leader in many aspects of this research area, such as in the number of publications, the number of partners, the most productive institutions, and the authors working in this field. Harvard University is the institution with the highest number of publications, and Aguirre-Ghiso, Julio A. is the author with the highest number of publications and citations. The keywords that emerged after 2017 were "early dissemination", "inhibition", "mechanism", "bone metastasis", and "promotion". We believe that research on tumor dormancy mechanisms and therapy has been, and will continue to be, a major area of interest. The exploration of the tumor dormancy microenvironment and immunotherapeutic treatments for tumor dormancy is likely to represent the most popular future research topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe Zhang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lirong Yan
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Zhongqing Wang
- Department of Information Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Fang Li
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jinqi Lv
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jiaqing Liu
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xuqin Liu
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Li Bao
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Arena GO, Forte S, Abdouh M, Vanier C, Corbeil D, Lorico A. Horizontal Transfer of Malignant Traits and the Involvement of Extracellular Vesicles in Metastasis. Cells 2023; 12:1566. [PMID: 37371036 PMCID: PMC10297028 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastases are responsible for the vast majority of cancer deaths, yet most therapeutic efforts have focused on targeting and interrupting tumor growth rather than impairing the metastatic process. Traditionally, cancer metastasis is attributed to the dissemination of neoplastic cells from the primary tumor to distant organs through blood and lymphatic circulation. A thorough understanding of the metastatic process is essential to develop new therapeutic strategies that improve cancer survival. Since Paget's original description of the "Seed and Soil" hypothesis over a hundred years ago, alternative theories and new players have been proposed. In particular, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cancer cells and their uptake by neighboring cells or at distinct anatomical sites has been explored. Here, we will outline and discuss these alternative theories and emphasize the horizontal transfer of EV-associated biomolecules as a possibly major event leading to cell transformation and the induction of metastases. We will also highlight the recently discovered intracellular pathway used by EVs to deliver their cargoes into the nucleus of recipient cells, which is a potential target for novel anti-metastatic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goffredo O. Arena
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
- Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, 90015 Cefalù, Italy
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;
| | - Mohamed Abdouh
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
| | - Cheryl Vanier
- Touro University Nevada College of Medicine, Henderson, NV 89014, USA;
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Aurelio Lorico
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;
- Touro University Nevada College of Medicine, Henderson, NV 89014, USA;
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Kurma K, Alix-Panabières C. Mechanobiology and survival strategies of circulating tumor cells: a process towards the invasive and metastatic phenotype. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1188499. [PMID: 37215087 PMCID: PMC10196185 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1188499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic progression is the deadliest feature of cancer. Cancer cell growth, invasion, intravasation, circulation, arrest/adhesion and extravasation require specific mechanical properties to allow cell survival and the completion of the metastatic cascade. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) come into contact with the capillary bed during extravasation/intravasation at the beginning of the metastatic cascade. However, CTC mechanobiology and survival strategies in the bloodstream, and specifically in the microcirculation, are not well known. A fraction of CTCs can extravasate and colonize distant areas despite the biomechanical constriction forces that are exerted by the microcirculation and that strongly decrease tumor cell survival. Furthermore, accumulating evidence shows that several CTC adaptations, via molecular factors and interactions with blood components (e.g., immune cells and platelets inside capillaries), may promote metastasis formation. To better understand CTC journey in the microcirculation as part of the metastatic cascade, we reviewed how CTC mechanobiology and interaction with other cell types in the bloodstream help them to survive the harsh conditions in the circulatory system and to metastasize in distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Kurma
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (E LBS), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Alix-Panabières
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (E LBS), Hamburg, Germany
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Harihar S, Welch DR. KISS1 metastasis suppressor in tumor dormancy: a potential therapeutic target for metastatic cancers? Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:183-196. [PMID: 36720764 PMCID: PMC10103016 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Present therapeutic approaches do not effectively target metastatic cancers, often limited by their inability to eliminate already-seeded non-proliferative, growth-arrested, or therapy-resistant tumor cells. Devising effective approaches targeting dormant tumor cells has been a focus of cancer clinicians for decades. However, progress has been limited due to limited understanding of the tumor dormancy process. Studies on tumor dormancy have picked up pace and have resulted in the identification of several regulators. This review focuses on KISS1, a metastasis suppressor gene that suppresses metastasis by keeping tumor cells in a state of dormancy at ectopic sites. The review explores mechanistic insights of KISS1 and discusses its potential application as a therapeutic against metastatic cancers by eliminating quiescent cells or inducing long-term dormancy in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitaram Harihar
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Danny R. Welch
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, USA
- The University of Kansas Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd. Kansas City, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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van Tienderen GS, van Beek MEA, Schurink IJ, Rosmark O, Roest HP, Tieleman J, Demmers J, Muntz I, Conboy J, Westergren-Thorsson G, Koenderink G, van der Laan LJW, Verstegen MMA. Modelling metastatic colonization of cholangiocarcinoma organoids in decellularized lung and lymph nodes. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1101901. [PMID: 36741736 PMCID: PMC9890173 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1101901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a type of liver cancer with an aggressive phenotype and dismal outcome in patients. The metastasis of CCA cancer cells to distant organs, commonly lung and lymph nodes, drastically reduces overall survival. However, mechanistic insight how CCA invades these metastatic sites is still lacking. This is partly because currently available models fail to mimic the complexity of tissue-specific environments for metastatic CCA. To create an in vitro model in which interactions between epithelial tumor cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) can be studied in a metastatic setting, we combined patient-derived CCA organoids (CCAOs) (n=3) with decellularized human lung (n=3) and decellularized human lymph node (n=13). Decellularization resulted in removal of cells while preserving ECM structure and retaining important characteristics of the tissue origin. Proteomic analyses showed a tissue-specific ECM protein signature reflecting tissue functioning aspects. The macro and micro-scale mechanical properties, as determined by rheology and micro-indentation, revealed the local heterogeneity of the ECM. When growing CCAOs in decellularized lung and lymph nodes genes related to metastatic processes, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell plasticity, were significantly influenced by the ECM in an organ-specific manner. Furthermore, CCAOs exhibit significant differences in migration and proliferation dynamics dependent on the original patient tumor and donor of the target organ. In conclusion, CCA metastatic outgrowth is dictated both by the tumor itself as well as by the ECM of the target organ. Convergence of CCAOs with the ECM of its metastatic organs provide a new platform for mechanistic study of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles S. van Tienderen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marije E. A. van Beek
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ivo J. Schurink
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Oskar Rosmark
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henk P. Roest
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jantine Tieleman
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Demmers
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Iain Muntz
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - James Conboy
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | | | - Gijsje Koenderink
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Luc JW van der Laan
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Monique M. A. Verstegen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Monique M. A. Verstegen,
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[Pattern of Recurrence and Metastasis after Radical Resection of
Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:26-33. [PMID: 35078282 PMCID: PMC8796126 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.102.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The rate of recurrence and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer after radical resection is still very high. The risk factors for recurrence and metastasis have been extensively studied, but the dynamic pattern of postoperative recurrence hazard over time is relatively lacking. The dynamic recurrence hazard rate curve is applied to describe the rate of recurrence at any point time among the "at-risk" patients. In this article, by reviewing the previous literature, the characteristics of the dynamic recurrence and metastasis pattern after radical resection of non-small cell lung cancer and the clinical factors affecting the recurrence and metastasis pattern are summarized, in order to screen out specific populations with high recurrence risk and give them personalized follow-up strategy and diagnosis and treatment.
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12
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Xu M, Liu X, Li P, Yang Y, Zhang W, Zhao S, Zeng Y, Zhou X, Zeng LH, Yang G. Modified Natriuretic Peptides and their Potential Role in Cancer Treatment. Biomed J 2021; 45:118-131. [PMID: 34237455 PMCID: PMC9133251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The natriuretic peptide family (NPs) is a group of natural endocrine hormones, containing a 17-amino acid ring structure connected by disulfide bonds of two cysteines. In this review, the members of the natriuretic peptide family and their corresponding receptors as well as the anti-cancer effects are introduced. Four cardiac hormones of NPs (ANP, VD, KP and LANP) can effectively inhibit the growth of human small cell lung cancer, breast cancer and other tumors and significantly reduce tumor volume in vivo. The in vitro experiments also show that cardiac hormones, CNP and urodilatin can effectively inhibit the growth of most tumor cells. We then further summarized the anti-cancer mechanism of natriuretic peptides. Finally, we introduce several methods that modify natriuretic peptides, leading to enhance their stability and prolong the biological effects of these peptides, which might be helpful for the clinical application in the future. Peptide therapy is a very promising field for cancer treatments since they can induce the death of cancer cells without dramatically affecting normal cells. The synthesis of a useful and stable natriuretic peptide can enhance the effect of cancer treatments and significantly reduce drug resistance and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Xu
- School of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Xingzhu Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Yadong Yang
- School of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Siyu Zhao
- School of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xile Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Geng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
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13
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Liu X, Sun K, Yang F, Sui X, Jiang G, Wang J, Li X. Different pathologic types of early stage lung adenocarcinoma have different post-operative recurrence patterns. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:2205-2213. [PMID: 34180578 PMCID: PMC8327697 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To accurately describe the pattern, timing and predictors of disease recurrence after curative resection for different types of early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods A total of 1962 patients with early‐stage LUAD were included. The presence of micropapillary, solid components or poorly differentiated cancer as a clinical variable was named “high‐grade” adenocarcinoma (HGADC), while others were classified as “low‐grade” adenocarcinoma (LGADC). Predictive factors for specific recurrence patterns were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses using Cox‐proportional hazard regression models. Event dynamics, based on the hazard rate, were evaluated. Results At a median follow‐up of 36.0 months, 137 (6.98%) of 1962 patients suffered from recurrence. Multivariable Cox analysis revealed that HGADC was an independent predictor for overall recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] 3.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.09–4.52, p < 0.001), local recurrence (HR 2.77, 95% CI 1.38–5.55, p < 0.001), distant metastasis (HR 3.22, 95% CI 2.03–5.11, p < 0.001), chest recurrence (HR 2.80, 95% CI 1.65–4.75, p < 0.001) and brain recurrence (HR 4.11, 95% CI 1.83–9.22, p < 0.001). However, HGADC (HR 1.56, 95% CI 0.63–3.86, p = 0.335 in univariate analysis) was not a risk factor for bone recurrence. The hazard curve of the whole group presented a double‐peaked pattern. Different types of LUAD had different hazard curves. HGADC patients exhibited higher hazard rates than LGADC patients during the whole follow‐up. In addition, the recurrence hazard curve in HGADC patients showed a typical “double‐peaked” pattern, while the curve in LGADC patients displayed a smooth curve after surgery. Conclusions Different postoperative recurrence patterns were seen in HGADC and LGADC. Site‐specific recurrence patterns were also different in HGADC and LGADC types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianping Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kunkun Sun
- Department of Pathology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xizhao Sui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanchao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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14
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Watanabe K, Noma D, Masuda H, Masuda M. Preoperative inflammation-based scores predict early recurrence after lung cancer resection. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:2812-2823. [PMID: 34164173 PMCID: PMC8182501 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-3458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammation in the tumor microenvironment is hypothesized to have a major role in cancer invasiveness, progression, and metastases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative inflammation-based scores in terms of estimating the timing of recurrence by hazard curves in a cohort of operable, early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods A total of 387 patients with NSCLC who underwent complete pulmonary resection from 2010 to 2019 had their C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), modified GPS, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and advance lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) measurements taken before surgery. Hazard curves indicating changes in hazards over time were evaluated. Results Median follow-up was 39.2 months. In total, 105 patients (27.1%) experienced recurrence. The resulting hazard curve with elevated CAR, SII, GPS, and mGPS, values displayed an initial high peak during the first year. Multivariate analyses showed that an elevated CAR [hazard ratio (HR), 1.987; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.202–3.284] independently predicted the recurrence-free survival. Even in stage I disease, patients with elevated CAR and SII values showed an earlier peak of recurrence, which was about 12 to 16 months earlier than those with low values. Conclusions Even after complete resection of stage I NSCLC, patients with elevated CAR and SII values retain a high risk of early recurrence. Preoperative inflammation-based scores can be an objective, simple, and cost-effective measurement for predicting early recurrence of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Watanabe
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Noma
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Masuda
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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15
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Sellner F, Thalhammer S, Klimpfinger M. Tumour Evolution and Seed and Soil Mechanism in Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1342. [PMID: 33809634 PMCID: PMC8002056 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In metastatic renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic metastases can appear in two clinical manifestations: (a) very rarely as isolated pancreatic metastases and (b) in the context with multi-organ metastatic disease. Both courses are characterised by rare, unusual clinical features. For isolated pancreatic metastases, the literature shows no effect on survival in all 11 publications that examined the effect of singular versus multiple pancreatic metastases; a lack of effect on survival time was also present in all 8 studies on pancreatic metastases size, in 7 of 8 studies on the influence of disease-free interval (DFI), and in 6 of 7 studies on the influence of synchronous versus metachronous metastases. In multi-organ site metastases observations, on the other hand, all five available references showed significantly better results in patients with concurrent pancreatic metastases compared to those without pancreatic metastases, although the total number of affected organs in the pancreatic metastases cohort was larger. Tumour volume-dependent risk factors thus remain surprisingly ineffective in both groups, which contradicts the usual behaviour of solid tumours. The reasons for this unusual behaviour and possible relations to tumour evolution and the hypothesis of an influence of a seed and soil mechanism in the occurrence of pancreatic metastases in metastatic renal cell carcinoma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Thalhammer
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Vascular Surgery, Clinic Favoriten—Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, 1100 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Martin Klimpfinger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
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16
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Ngo MT, Harley BAC. Angiogenic biomaterials to promote therapeutic regeneration and investigate disease progression. Biomaterials 2020; 255:120207. [PMID: 32569868 PMCID: PMC7396313 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The vasculature is a key component of the tissue microenvironment. Traditionally known for its role in providing nutrients and oxygen to surrounding cells, the vasculature is now also acknowledged to provide signaling cues that influence biological outcomes in regeneration and disease. These cues come from the cells that comprise vasculature, as well as the dynamic biophysical and biochemical properties of the surrounding extracellular matrix that accompany vascular development and remodeling. In this review, we illustrate the larger role of the vasculature in the context of regenerative biology and cancer progression. We describe cellular, biophysical, biochemical, and metabolic components of vascularized microenvironments. Moreover, we provide an overview of multidimensional angiogenic biomaterials that have been developed to promote therapeutic vascularization and regeneration, as well as to mimic elements of vascularized microenvironments as a means to uncover mechanisms by which vasculature influences cancer progression and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai T Ngo
- Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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17
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Sorenmo K, Durham AC, Evans B, Scavello H, Stefanovski D. A prospective randomized trial of desmopressin in canine mammary carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 18:796-803. [PMID: 32441479 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic disease represents a serious and often fatal development in patients with solid tumours, including women with breast cancer and dogs with mammary tumours. Therefore, preventing and treating metastatic disease has remained a priority in cancer research. Desmopressin, a synthetic derivative of vasopressin, traditionally used to treat patients with bleeding disorders, has been proposed as a potential anti-metastatic agent due to its effect on haemostasis as well as multiple other anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to retest desmopressin in dogs with mammary carcinomas. A prospective randomized study was performed. Twenty-four dogs with mammary carcinomas were enrolled; 12 dogs received perioperative desmopressin and 12 received placebo. All dogs underwent standard pre-surgical staging followed by complete resection of all tumours. Intact dogs were spayed. All tumours were graded and classified according to the published guidelines. Follow-up was performed every 4 months the first year and every 6 months thereafter. Necropsies were requested on all dogs. There was no difference in time to primary metastasis or survival between desmopressin treated dogs and the placebo arm (P = .43 and .73, respectively). The distribution of negative prognostic factors, including tumour grade, stage, and high vs low bioscore (refined flexible bioscoring) category between arms was not statistically different, even though more dogs in the placebo arm had grade 3 tumours and high bioscores. Based on the results of this study, perioperative desmopressin does not prevent metastasis in dogs with mammary carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Sorenmo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Penn Vet Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amy C Durham
- Penn Vet Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brolin Evans
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heather Scavello
- Veterinary Clinical Investigation Center (VCIC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Darko Stefanovski
- Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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18
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Sellner F. Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma-A Paradigm of a Seed and Soil Mechanism: A Literature Analysis of 1,034 Observations. Front Oncol 2020; 10:709. [PMID: 32547940 PMCID: PMC7273884 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously documented arguments, in favor of the suspected impact of a seed and soil mechanism, in the development and progression of isolated pancreatic metastasis of renal cell carcinomas (isPM) are: (1) uniform and independent from the side of the primary tumor distribution of isPM within the pancreas and, (2) the similar survival rates for singular and multiple isPM. In addition, the present study adds new arguments that further confirm the importance of an seed and soil mechanism in isPM: (1) Within the singular isPM, the size of the metastasis does not affect the overall survival; (2) Within the group of multiple isPMs, the overall survival does not depend on the number of metastases; (3) For synchronous and metachronous isPM, survival rates are also not different, and (4) Within the group of metachronous isPM there is also no correlation between the overall survival and interval until metastases occurs. This unusual ineffectiveness of otherwise known risk factors of solid cancers can be explained plausibly by the hypothesis of a very selective seed and soil mechanism in isPM. It only allows embolized renal carcinoma cells in the pancreas to complete all steps required to grow into clinically manifest metastases. In all other organs, on the other hand, the body is able to eliminate the embolized tumor cells or at least put them into a dormant state for many years. This minimizes the risk of occult micrometastases in distant organs, which could later—after isPM treatment—grow into clinically manifest metastases, so that the prognosis of the isPM is only determined by an adequate therapy of the pancreatic foci, and prognostic factors, such as total tumor burden or interval until the occurrence of the isPM remain ineffective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Surgical Department, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Montagner M, Bhome R, Hooper S, Chakravarty P, Qin X, Sufi J, Bhargava A, Ratcliffe CDH, Naito Y, Pocaterra A, Tape CJ, Sahai E. Crosstalk with lung epithelial cells regulates Sfrp2-mediated latency in breast cancer dissemination. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:289-296. [PMID: 32094692 PMCID: PMC7610690 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0474-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The process of metastasis is complex1. In breast cancer, there are frequently long time intervals between cells leaving the primary tumour and growth of overt metastases2,3. Reasons for disease indolence and subsequent transition back to aggressive growth include interactions with myeloid and fibroblastic cells in the tumour microenvironment and ongoing immune surveillance4-6. However, the signals that cause actively growing cells to enter an indolent state, thereby enabling them to survive for extended periods of time, are not well understood. Here we reveal how the behaviour of indolent breast cancer cells in the lung is determined by their interactions with alveolar epithelial cells, in particular alveolar type 1 cells. This promotes the formation of fibronectin fibrils by indolent cells that drive integrin-dependent pro-survival signals. Combined in vivo RNA sequencing and drop-out screening identified secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) as a key mediator of this interaction. Sfrp2 is induced in breast cancer cells by signals from lung epithelial cells and promotes fibronectin fibril formation and survival, whereas blockade of Sfrp2 expression reduces the burden of indolent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Montagner
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
| | - Rahul Bhome
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Steven Hooper
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Xiao Qin
- Cell Communication Lab, Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Jahangir Sufi
- Cell Communication Lab, Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Ajay Bhargava
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Yutaka Naito
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Arianna Pocaterra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Christopher J Tape
- Cell Communication Lab, Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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20
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Martos T, Casadevall D, Albanell J. Circulating Tumor Cells: Applications for Early Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1220:135-146. [PMID: 32304084 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35805-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women. Most of breast cancer patients are diagnosed in early stages and will be treated with curative intent. Despite this, some patients will relapse. The identification of patients at high risk remains an important challenge. CTCs can be useful to identify this patients, to assess tumor dynamics and to monitoring therapy. There is definitive evidence on the prognostic role of CTCs in early breast cancer (eBC) but its clinical utility in daily practice is still lacking. We have to take into consideration that the studies published to date mainly evaluated the presence of CTC based on the expression of epithelial surface markers. Future studies need to overcome this limitation and important advances in technical methods can assess CTCs and capture the heterogeneity of the tumor landscape. It is also tempting to speculate that CTCs may also provide complementary information on the interplay of tumor cells with the immune system. The combination of different methods to detect tumoral disease by liquid biopsy may provide new ways to personalize in an unprecedented manner the management of patients with eBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Martos
- Servei d'Oncologia Mèdica, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Casadevall
- Servei d'Oncologia Mèdica, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Albanell
- Servei d'Oncologia Mèdica, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain. .,Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain. .,CEXS Department, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIOCC HM Delfos, Barcelona, Spain.
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21
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Sellner F. Observations on Solitary Versus Multiple Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Another Indication of a Seed and Soil Mechanism? Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1379. [PMID: 31533220 PMCID: PMC6770877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated pancreas metastases are a rare type of metastasis of renal cell carcinoma, characterized by the presence of pancreatic metastases, while all other organs remain unaffected. In a previous study, we determined arguments from the literature which (a) indicate a systemic-haematogenic metastasis route (uniform distribution of the metastases across the pancreas and independence of the metastatic localization in the pancreas of the side of the renal carcinoma); and (b) postulate a high impact of a seed and soil mechanism (SSM) on isolated pancreatic metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (isPM) as an explanation for exclusive pancreatic metastases, despite a systemic haematogenous tumor cell embolization. The objective of the study presented was to search for further arguments in favor of an SSM with isPM. For that purpose, the factor's histology, grading, and singular/multiple pancreas metastases were analyzed on the basis of 814 observations published up to 2018. While histology and grading allowed for no conclusions regarding the importance of an SSM, the comparison of singular/multiple pancreas metastases produced arguments in favor of an SSM: 1. The multiple pancreas metastases observed in 38.1% prove that multiple tumor cell embolisms occur with isPM, the exclusive "maturation" of which in the pancreas requires an SSM; 2. The survival rates (SVR), which are consistent with singular and multiple pancreas metastases (despite the higher total tumor load with the latter), prove that the metastasized tumor cells are not able to survive in all other organs because of an SSM, which results in identical SVR when the pancreatic foci are treated adequately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Surgical Department, Kaiser-Franz-Josef-Hospital, 1100 Wien, Austria.
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22
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Jahanban-Esfahlan R, Seidi K, Manjili MH, Jahanban-Esfahlan A, Javaheri T, Zare P. Tumor Cell Dormancy: Threat or Opportunity in the Fight against Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081207. [PMID: 31430951 PMCID: PMC6721805 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor dormancy, a clinically undetectable state of cancer, makes a major contribution to the development of multidrug resistance (MDR), minimum residual disease (MRD), tumor outgrowth, cancer relapse, and metastasis. Despite its high incidence, the whole picture of dormancy-regulated molecular programs is far from clear. That is, it is unknown when and which dormant cells will resume proliferation causing late relapse, and which will remain asymptomatic and harmless to their hosts. Thus, identification of dormancy-related culprits and understanding their roles can help predict cancer prognosis and may increase the probability of timely therapeutic intervention for the desired outcome. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the dormancy-dictated molecular mechanisms, including angiogenic switch, immune escape, cancer stem cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, metabolic reprogramming, miRNAs, epigenetic modifications, and stress-induced p38 signaling pathways. Further, we analyze the possibility of leveraging these dormancy-related molecular cues to outmaneuver cancer and discuss the implications of such approaches in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 9841, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 9841, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 9841, Iran
| | - Khaled Seidi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 9841, Iran
| | - Masoud H Manjili
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, VCU School of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | | | - Tahereh Javaheri
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Peyman Zare
- Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland.
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23
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Kim K, Marquez-Palencia M, Malladi S. Metastatic Latency, a Veiled Threat. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1836. [PMID: 31447846 PMCID: PMC6691038 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic relapse is observed in cancer patients with no clinical evidence of disease for months to decades after initial diagnosis and treatment. Disseminated cancer cells that are capable of entering reversible cell cycle arrest are believed to be responsible for these late metastatic relapses. Dynamic interactions between the latent disseminated tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironment aid cancer cell survival and facilitate escape from immune surveillance. Here, we highlight findings from preclinical models that provide a conceptual framework to define and target the latent metastatic phase of tumor progression. The hope is by identifying patients harboring latent metastatic cells and providing therapeutic options to eliminate metastatic seeds prior to their emergence will result in long lasting cures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangsan Kim
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Mauricio Marquez-Palencia
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Srinivas Malladi
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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24
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Todeschini AB, Beer-Furlan A, Montaser AS, Jamshidi AO, Ghalib L, Chavez JA, Lehman NL, Prevedello DM. Pituitary carcinomas: review of the current literature and report of atypical case. Br J Neurosurg 2019; 34:528-533. [PMID: 30836020 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2019.1582750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Pituitary carcinomas are poorly understood, rare entities. They are distinguished from adenomas not by histopathological features but rather by the presence of metastases.Objective: We discuss the diagnosis, mechanism of dissemination and pathogenesis based on a review of the literature and illustrated by a singular case.Case Report: A 59-year-old male presented with a dural-based posterior fossa lesion. He had been diagnosed with a pituitary chromophobe adenoma 43 years earlier that was treated at the time with surgery and radiation therapy. A presumptive diagnosis of a radiation-induced meningioma was made and surgery was recommended. At surgery the tumour resembled a pituitary adenoma. Histopathology, laboratory findings, and the patient's medical history confirmed the final diagnosis of a prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the longest reported interval between the pituitary adenoma and metastatic lesion diagnosis (43 years).Conclusion: Management should be tailored to individual patient and may include a combination of treatments (surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and hormone-targeted therapy). Functionally active tumours may be monitored with hormone levels as tumour markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre B Todeschini
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - André Beer-Furlan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alaa S Montaser
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali O Jamshidi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Luma Ghalib
- Department of Internal Medicine - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jesus A Chavez
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Norman L Lehman
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel M Prevedello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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25
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Is Volatile Anesthesia During Cancer Surgery Likely to Increase the Metastatic Risk? Int Anesthesiol Clin 2018; 54:92-107. [PMID: 27623130 DOI: 10.1097/aia.0000000000000115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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Mathis T, Jardel P, Loria O, Delaunay B, Nguyen AM, Lanza F, Mosci C, Caujolle JP, Kodjikian L, Thariat J. New concepts in the diagnosis and management of choroidal metastases. Prog Retin Eye Res 2018; 68:144-176. [PMID: 30240895 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The most frequent site of ocular metastasis is the choroid. The occurrence of choroidal metastases has increased steadily due to the longer survival of metastatic patients and the improvement of diagnostic tools. Fundoscopy, ultrasonography, and fluorescein angiography are now complemented by indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography. Choroidal tumor biopsy may also confirm the metastatic nature of the tumor and help to determine the site of the primary malignancy. There is currently no consensus on the treatment strategy. Most patients have a limited life expectancy and for these complex treatments are generally not recommended. However, recent advances in systemic therapy have significantly improved survival of certain patients who may benefit from an aggressive ocular approach that could preserve vision. Although external beam radiation therapy is the most widely used treatment, more advanced forms of radiotherapy that are associated with fewer side effects can be proposed in select cases. In patients with a shorter life expectancy, systemic therapies such as those targeting oncogenic drivers, or immunotherapy can induce a regression of the choroidal metastases, and may be sufficient to temporarily decrease visual symptoms. However, they often acquire resistance to systemic treatment and ocular relapse usually requires radiotherapy for durable control. Less invasive office-based treatments, such as photodynamic therapy and intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF, may also help to preserve vision while reducing time spent in medical settings for patients in palliative care. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on choroidal metastases, with emphasis on the most recent findings in epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Mathis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France; UMR-CNRS 5510 Matéis, 69100, Villeurbane, France
| | - Pauline Jardel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chicoutimi Hospital, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Loria
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France
| | - Benoit Delaunay
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France
| | - Anh-Minh Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France
| | - Francesco Lanza
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Center, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Mosci
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Center, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Laurent Kodjikian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317, Lyon, France; UMR-CNRS 5510 Matéis, 69100, Villeurbane, France
| | - Juliette Thariat
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Centre François Baclesse - ARCHADE, Unicaen - Normandie University, 14000, Caen, France.
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27
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Sellner F. Isolated pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma: an outcome of a special metastatic pathway or of specific tumor cell selection? Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35:91-102. [PMID: 29948649 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-018-9910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Isolated pancreatic metastases (isPM) are a rare metastasizing pattern in the natural history of renal cell cancer. Their clinical hallmark is that they are confined to a single organ, the pancreas, while all other organs are unaffected for a long time. Almost all workers in the field suggested that mechanical tumor cell propagation to the pancreas may be the mechanism underlying this metastasizing pattern. In 2006 our group, by contrast, proposed an alternative mechanism, i.e. a special affinity of the tumor cells for the pancreas. In the present study an attempt was made to shed more light on the settlement of isPM by reviewing recent literature data. 666 observations of isPM reported in the literature were reviewed. The analyses showed that local lymphatic spread does not play a major role because the lymphatic system is, in general, rarely involved in isPM. This also applies to a local venous spread, because the site of pancreatic metastases is independent of the side affected by the primary renal cancer. But the results are compatible with a systemic metastatic pathway. That metastases in other organs, which would be expected given a systemic spread, are absent can plausibly be explained by a seed and soil mechanism: only the pancreas offers the tumor cell emboli an environment which is conducive to the growth of clinically manifest metastases, while settlement of metastatic tumor cells is prevented in all other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Surgical Department, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, Kundratstraße 3, A 1100, Vienna, Austria.
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28
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Liu L, Zhang SX, Liao W, Farhoodi HP, Wong CW, Chen CC, Ségaliny AI, Chacko JV, Nguyen LP, Lu M, Polovin G, Pone EJ, Downing TL, Lawson DA, Digman MA, Zhao W. Mechanoresponsive stem cells to target cancer metastases through biophysical cues. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/400/eaan2966. [PMID: 28747514 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan2966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of effort, little progress has been made to improve the treatment of cancer metastases. To leverage the central role of the mechanoenvironment in cancer metastasis, we present a mechanoresponsive cell system (MRCS) to selectively identify and treat cancer metastases by targeting the specific biophysical cues in the tumor niche in vivo. Our MRCS uses mechanosensitive promoter-driven mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based vectors, which selectively home to and target cancer metastases in response to specific mechanical cues to deliver therapeutics to effectively kill cancer cells, as demonstrated in a metastatic breast cancer mouse model. Our data suggest a strong correlation between collagen cross-linking and increased tissue stiffness at the metastatic sites, where our MRCS is specifically activated by the specific cancer-associated mechano-cues. MRCS has markedly reduced deleterious effects compared to MSCs constitutively expressing therapeutics. MRCS indicates that biophysical cues, specifically matrix stiffness, are appealing targets for cancer treatment due to their long persistence in the body (measured in years), making them refractory to the development of resistance to treatment. Our MRCS can serve as a platform for future diagnostics and therapies targeting aberrant tissue stiffness in conditions such as cancer and fibrotic diseases, and it should help to elucidate mechanobiology and reveal what cells "feel" in the microenvironment in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Liu
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Shirley X Zhang
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Wenbin Liao
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Henry P Farhoodi
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chi W Wong
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Claire C Chen
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Aude I Ségaliny
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jenu V Chacko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lily P Nguyen
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Mengrou Lu
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - George Polovin
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Egest J Pone
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Timothy L Downing
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Devon A Lawson
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Michelle A Digman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Centre for Bioactive Discovery in Health and Ageing, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia
| | - Weian Zhao
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, 845 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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29
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Watanabe K, Sakamaki K, Nishii T, Yamamoto T, Maehara T, Nakayama H, Masuda M. Gender Differences in the Recurrence Timing of Patients Undergoing Resection for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:719-724. [PMID: 29582626 PMCID: PMC5980847 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.3.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study was designed to visually represent postoperative recurrence patterns using event dynamics and to assess sex-based differences in the timing of recurrence for non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: We studied 829 patients (538 men, 291 women) with NSCLC who underwent complete pulmonary resection in 9 hospitals. Event dynamics with the use of life-table methods were evaluated, and only first events (distant metastases or local recurrence) were considered. The effects of sex, histological type, pathological stage, and smoking history were studied. Result: The resulting smoothed hazard rate curves indicated that the recurrence risk pattern definitely correlated with sex, with a sharp peak in the first year in men and a broad peak during the first 2 to 3 years in women. These findings were also confirmed by analyses according to pathological stage, histological type, and smoking history. Conclusion: The peak times of recurrence differed considerably between men and women. The delayed time of peak recurrence in women, associated with a longer disease-free interval within subsets of patients with similar disease stage, histological type, and smoking status, might account for the better survival in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Yokohama Medical center, Yokohama, Japan.
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30
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Abstract
The metastasis of neoplastic cells from their site of origin to distant anatomic locations continues to be the principal cause of death from malignant tumors, and that fact has been recognized by physicians for over a century. After the work done by Halsted in the treatment of breast cancer in the 1880s, accepted surgical canon held that metastasis occurred in a linear fashion, with centrifugal "growth in continuity" from the primary neoplasm that first involved regional lymph nodes. Those structures were considered to then be the sources of more distant, visceral metastases. With that premise in mind, radical and "ultra-radical" surgical procedures were devised to remove as many lymph nodes as possible in the treatment of carcinomas and melanomas. However, such interventions were ineffective in altering tumor-related mortality. This review considers the details of the historical material just mentioned. It also reviews currently-held concepts on biological mechanisms of metastasis, the "sentinel" lymph node biopsy technique, and the important topic of metastatic tumor "dormancy" as the cause of surgical treatment failure. Finally, predictive models of tumor behavior are discussed, which are based on gene signatures. These will likely be the key to identifying malignant lesions of low surgical stage that ultimately prove fatal through later manifestation of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Wick
- Division of Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Medical Center, Room 3020, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0214, United States.
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31
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Abstract
This review by Micalizzi et al. discusses advances in analysis and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from patients with cancer. It focuses on the current knowledge of CTC biology and the potential clinical implications. Advances in the enrichment and analysis of rare cells from the bloodstream have allowed for detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from patients with cancer. The analysis of CTCs has provided significant insight into the metastatic process. Studies on the biology of CTCs have begun to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of CTC generation, intravasation, survival, interactions with components of the blood, extravasation, and colonization of distant organs. Additionally, the study of CTCs has exposed dramatic intrapatient and interpatient heterogeneity and their evolution over time. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge of CTC biology and the potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Micalizzi
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 02129, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Shyamala Maheswaran
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 02129, USA.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Daniel A Haber
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 02129, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
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32
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Ma F, Li W, Liu C, Li W, Yu H, Lei B, Ren Y, Li Z, Pang D, Qian C. MiR-23a promotes TGF-β1-induced EMT and tumor metastasis in breast cancer cells by directly targeting CDH1 and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69538-69550. [PMID: 29050223 PMCID: PMC5642498 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been proved to be associated with metastasis of breast cancer cells. We attempted to detect a novel mechanism that microRNAs mediated the TGF-β1-induced EMT in the process of breast cancer metastasis. Here we reported that the expression of miR-23a was higher in breast cancer cells with high metastasis ability and patients with lymph node metastasis and the treatment of TGF-β1 significantly upregulated the expression of miR-23a in breast cancer cells. We found that miR-23a was upregulated by TGF-β1 post-transcriptionally and Smads directly bound the RNA Smad binding element (R-SBE) of miR-23a. Functional studies showed that inhibition of miR-23a suppressed the TGF-β1-induced EMT, migration, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we determined that miR-23a directly targeted and suppressed CDH1, one important gene in EMT phenomenon. Notably, Wnt/β-catenin signaling was activated by the suppression of CDH1 in the miR-23a mediated process of TGF-β1-induced EMT and tumor invasion. These results demonstrate that miR-23a promotes TGF-β1-induced tumor metastasis in breast cancer by targeting CDH1 and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Taken together, our results indicate a novel regulatory mechanism of TGF-β1-induced EMT and suggest that miR-23a might be a potential target in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Haining Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yanlv Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigao Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Da Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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33
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Jiang M, Zhong T, Zhang W, Xiao Z, Hu G, Zhou H, Kuang H. Reduced expression of miR-205-5p promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation and invasion in lung cancer A549 cells by upregulation of ZEB2 and downregulation of erbB3. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3231-3238. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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34
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Su SC, Hsieh MJ, Yang WE, Chung WH, Reiter RJ, Yang SF. Cancer metastasis: Mechanisms of inhibition by melatonin. J Pineal Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 27706852 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a naturally occurring molecule secreted by the pineal gland and known as a gatekeeper of circadian clocks. Mounting evidence indicates that melatonin, employing multiple and interrelated mechanisms, exhibits a variety of oncostatic properties in a myriad of tumors during different stages of their progression. Tumor metastasis, which commonly occurs at the late stage, is responsible for the majority of cancer deaths; metastases lead to the development of secondary tumors distant from a primary site. In reference to melatonin, the vast majority of investigations have focused on tumor development and progression at the primary site. Recently, however, interest has shifted toward the role of melatonin on tumor metastases. In this review, we highlight current advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which melatonin counteracts tumor metastases, including experimental and clinical observations; emphasis is placed on the impact of both cancer and non-neoplastic cells within the tumor microenvironment. Due to the broad range of melatonin's actions, the mechanisms underlying its ability to interfere with metastases are numerous. These include modulation of cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction, extracellular matrix remodeling by matrix metalloproteinases, cytoskeleton reorganization, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. The evidence discussed herein will serve as a solid foundation for urging basic and clinical studies on the use of melatonin to understand and control metastatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou and Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Chung
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou and Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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35
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Abstract
The role of angiogenesis in tumor growth has been studied continuously for over 45 years. It is now appreciated that angiogenesis is also essential for the dissemination and establishment of tumor metastases. In this review, we focus on the role of angiogenesis as a necessity for the escape of tumor cells into the bloodstream and for the establishment of metastatic colonies in secondary sites. We also discuss the role of tumor lymphangiogenesis as a means of dissemination of lymphatic metastases. Appropriate combination therapies may be used in the future to both prevent and treat metastatic disease through the rational use of antiangiogenic and antilymphangiogenic therapies in ways that are informed by the current and future work in the field.
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36
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Watanabe K, Tsuboi M, Sakamaki K, Nishii T, Yamamoto T, Nagashima T, Ando K, Ishikawa Y, Woo T, Adachi H, Kumakiri Y, Maehara T, Nakayama H, Masuda M. Postoperative follow-up strategy based on recurrence dynamics for non-small-cell lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2016; 49:1624-31. [PMID: 26792922 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezv462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our study was designed to visually represent recurrence patterns after surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the use of event dynamics and to clarify postoperative follow-up methods based on the times of recurrence. METHODS A total of 829 patients with NSCLC who underwent complete pulmonary resection from 2005 to 2007 in 9 hospitals affiliated with the Yokohama Consortium of Thoracic Surgeons were studied. Event dynamics, based on the hazard rate, were evaluated. Only first events involving the development of distant metastases, local recurrence or both were considered. The effects of sex, histological type, pathological stage and age were studied. RESULTS The hazard rate curve displayed an initial surge that peaked about 6-8 months after surgery. The next distinct peak was noted at the end of the second year of follow-up. On non-parametric kernel smoothing, the maximum peak was found 6-8 months after surgery in men. In women, the highest peak occurred 22-24 months after surgery, which was about 16 months later than the peak in men. The peak timing of the hazard curve was not affected by histological type, pathological stage or age in either sex. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the timing of recurrence after surgery for lung cancer is characterized by a bimodal pattern, and the times with the highest risk of recurrence were suggested to differ between men and women. Postoperative follow-up strategies should be based on currently recommended follow-up programmes, take into account the recurrence patterns of lung cancer, and be modified as required to meet the needs of individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sakamaki
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Teppei Nishii
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Takuya Nagashima
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kohei Ando
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Tekkan Woo
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Adachi
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kumakiri
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | | | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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Liu L, Zhang SX, Aeran R, Liao W, Lu M, Polovin G, Pone EJ, Zhao W. Exogenous marker-engineered mesenchymal stem cells detect cancer and metastases in a simple blood assay. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:181. [PMID: 26391980 PMCID: PMC4578609 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells that possess regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. They have been widely investigated as therapeutic agents for a variety of disease conditions, including tissue repair, inflammation, autoimmunity, and organ transplantation. Importantly, systemically infused MSCs selectively home to primary and metastatic tumors, though the molecular mechanisms of tumor tropism of MSCs remain incompletely understood. We have exploited the active and selective MSCs homing to cancer microenvironments to develop a rapid and selective blood test for the presence of cancer. Methods We tested the concept of using transplanted MSCs as the basis for a simple cancer blood test. MSCs were engineered to express humanized Gaussia luciferase (hGluc). In a minimally invasive fashion, hGluc secreted by MSCs into circulation as a reporter for cancer presence, was assayed to probe whether MSCs co-localize with and persist in cancerous tissue. Results In vitro, hGluc secreted by engineered MSCs was detected stably over a period of days in the presence of serum. In vivo imaging showed that MSCs homed to breast cancer lung metastases and persisted longer in tumor-bearing mice than in tumor-free mice (P < 0.05). hGluc activity in blood of tumor-bearing mice was significantly higher than in their tumor-free counterparts (P < 0.05). Conclusions Both in vitro and in vivo data show that MSCs expressing hGluc can identify and report small tumors or metastases in a simple blood test format. Our novel and simple stem cell-based blood test can potentially be used to screen, detect, and monitor cancer and metastasis at early stages and during treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0151-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Shirley X Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Rangoli Aeran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Wenbin Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Mengrou Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - George Polovin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA.
| | - Egest J Pone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Weian Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Raymaekers K, Stegen S, van Gastel N, Carmeliet G. The vasculature: a vessel for bone metastasis. BONEKEY REPORTS 2015; 4:742. [PMID: 27217954 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2015.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the interactions between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of bone metastasis and that they can influence tumor cell dissemination, quiescence and tumor growth in the bone. The vasculature is known to be critical for primary tumor growth, and anti-angiogenesis drugs are approved for the treatment of certain tumor types. The role of the vasculature in bone metastasis is less well known, but recent evidence shows that blood vessels in the bone are a key component of the local microenvironment for the tumor cells and contribute to the different consecutive phases of bone metastasis. A better insight in the importance of the vasculature for bone metastasis may help develop novel treatment modalities that either slow down tumor growth or, preferably, prevent or cure bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Raymaekers
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steve Stegen
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
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Crea F, Nur Saidy NR, Collins CC, Wang Y. The epigenetic/noncoding origin of tumor dormancy. Trends Mol Med 2015; 21:206-11. [PMID: 25771096 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been implicated as the seeds of treatment resistance and metastasis, which are the most deadly features of a neoplasm. However, an unequivocal definition of the CSC phenotype is still missing. A common feature of normal and aberrant stem cells is their ability to enter a prolonged dormant state. Cancer dormancy is a key mechanism for treatment resistance and metastasis. Here we propose a unified definition of dormancy-competent CSCs (DCCs) as the neoplastic subpopulation that can plastically alternate periods of dormancy and rapid growth. Irreversible DNA mutations can hardly account for this versatile behavior, and based on emerging evidence we propose that cancer dormancy is a nongenetic disease driven by the flexible nature of the epigenetic/noncoding interactome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Crea
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Nur Ridzwan Nur Saidy
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada; Honours Biotechnology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Colin C Collins
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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40
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Dormancy and growth of metastatic breast cancer cells in a bone-like microenvironment. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 32:335-44. [PMID: 25749879 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9710-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer can reoccur, often as bone metastasis, many years if not decades after the primary tumor has been treated. The factors that stimulate dormant metastases to grow are not known, but bone metastases are often associated with skeletal trauma. We used a dormancy model of MDA-MB-231BRMS1, a metastasis-suppressed human breast cancer cell line, co-cultured with MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts in a long term, three dimensional culture system to test the hypothesis that bone remodeling cytokines could stimulate dormant cells to grow. The cancer cells attached to the matrix produced by MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts but grew slowly or not at all until the addition of bone remodeling cytokines, TNFα and IL-β. Stimulation of cell proliferation by these cytokines was suppressed with indomethacin, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and of prostaglandin production, or a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor antagonist. Addition of PGE2 directly to the cultures also stimulated cell proliferation. MCF-7, non-metastatic breast cancer cells, remained dormant when co-cultured with normal human osteoblast and fibroblast growth factor. Similar to the MDA-MB-231BRMS1 cells, MCF-7 proliferation increased in response to TNFα and IL-β. These findings suggest that changes in the bone microenvironment due to inflammatory cytokines associated with bone repair or excess turnover may trigger the occurrence of latent bone metastasis.
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Su Z, Yang Z, Xu Y, Chen Y, Yu Q. Apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and cancer metastasis. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:48. [PMID: 25743109 PMCID: PMC4343053 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 657] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a crucial hallmark of cancer progression, which involves numerous factors including the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor angiogenesis, the development of an inflammatory tumor microenvironment, and defects in programmed cell death. Programmed cell death, such as apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis, plays crucial roles in metastatic processes. Malignant tumor cells must overcome these various forms of cell death to metastasize. This review summarizes the recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms by which key regulators of apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis participate in cancer metastasis and discusses the crosstalk between apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis involved in the regulation of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China. .,Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China. .,Department of Orthopaedics, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China.
| | - Yongqing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China.
| | - Yongbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.
| | - Qiang Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Zimmer AS, Steeg PS. Meaningful prevention of breast cancer metastasis: candidate therapeutics, preclinical validation, and clinical trial concerns. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 93:13-29. [PMID: 25412774 PMCID: PMC6545582 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-014-1226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of drugs to treat breast and other cancers proceeds through phase I dose finding, phase II efficacy, and phase III comparative studies in the metastatic setting, only then asking if metastasis can be prevented in adjuvant trials. Compounds without overt cytotoxic activity, such as those developed to inhibit metastatic colonization, will likely fail to shrink established lesions in the metastatic setting and never be tested in a metastasis prevention scenario where they were preclinically validated. We and others have proposed phase II primary and secondary metastasis prevention studies to address this need. Herein, we have asked whether preclinical metastasis prevention data agrees with the positive adjuvant setting trials. The data are limited but complimentary. We also review fundamental pathways involved in metastasis, including Src, integrins, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and fibrosis, for their clinical progress to date and potential for metastasis prevention. Issues of inadequate preclinical validation and clinical toxicity profiles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Zimmer
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA,
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43
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Menczer J, Schreiber L, Peled O, Levy T. Very late recurrence (after more than 20 years) of epithelial ovarian carcinoma: case report and literature review. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 291:1199-203. [PMID: 25524538 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3597-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a case of very late (more than 20 years) recurrence of epithelial ovarian carcinoma and to review the pertinent literature. We encountered a 50-year-old patient who, at the age of 22, underwent cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III serous ovarian carcinoma. She recurred after 28 years and underwent secondary surgery and chemotherapy. METHOD A PubMed search of the English literature containing the following key words: ovarian cancer, late recurrence, late relapse, late metastasis was performed. RESULTS Only five cases (including the present one) with recurrence after more than 20 years are so far on record. Of these, four patients were 33 years old or younger and had advanced stage at diagnosis. Time to recurrence ranged from 21 to 28 years. All patients had serous carcinoma and three had recurrence in lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS Very late recurrence is an extremely rare event and may result from either regrowth of dormant tumor cells or from development of a new cancer. Lifelong follow-up is critically important for ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Menczer
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel,
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Bruun J, Kolberg M, Nesland JM, Svindland A, Nesbakken A, Lothe RA. Prognostic Significance of β-Catenin, E-Cadherin, and SOX9 in Colorectal Cancer: Results from a Large Population-Representative Series. Front Oncol 2014; 222:1-15. [PMID: 24904831 DOI: 10.1002/path.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Robust biomarkers that can precisely stratify patients according to treatment needs are in great demand. The literature is inconclusive for most reported prognostic markers for colorectal cancer (CRC). Hence, adequately reported studies in large representative series are necessary to determine their clinical potential. We investigated the prognostic value of three Wnt signaling-associated proteins, β-catenin, E-cadherin, and SOX9, in a population-representative single-hospital series of 1290 Norwegian CRC patients by performing immunohistochemical analyses of each marker using the tissue microarray technology. Loss of membranous or cytosolic β-catenin and loss of cytosolic E-cadherin protein expression were significantly associated with reduced 5-year survival in 903 patients who underwent major resection (722 evaluable tissue cores) independently of standard clinicopathological high-risk parameters. Pre-specified subgroup analyses demonstrated particular effect for stage IV patients for β-catenin membrane staining (P = 0.018; formal interaction test P = 0.025). Among those who underwent complete resection (714 patients, 568 evaluable), 5-year time-to-recurrence analyses were performed, and stage II patients with loss of cytosolic E-cadherin were identified as an independent high-risk subgroup (P = 0.020, formal interaction test was not significant). Nuclear β-catenin and SOX9 protein, regardless of intracellular location, were not associated with prognosis. In conclusion, the protein expression level of membranous or cytosolic β-catenin and E-cadherin predicts CRC patient subgroups with inferior prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarle Bruun
- Department for Cancer Prevention, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway ; Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Matthias Kolberg
- Department for Cancer Prevention, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway ; Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Jahn M Nesland
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Aud Svindland
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Arild Nesbakken
- Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway ; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aker Hospital, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department for Cancer Prevention, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway ; Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway ; Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
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Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a multistep process by which tumor cells disseminate from their primary site and form secondary tumors at a distant site. Metastasis occurs through a series of steps: local invasion, intravasation, transport, extravasation, and colonization. A developmental program termed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to play a critical role in promoting metastasis in epithelium-derived carcinoma. Recent experimental and clinical studies have improved our knowledge of this dynamic program and implicated EMT and its reverse program, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), in the metastatic process. Here, we review the functional requirement of EMT and/or MET during the individual steps of tumor metastasis and discuss the potential of targeting this program when treating metastatic diseases.
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Schillert A, Trumpp A, Sprick MR. Label retaining cells in cancer – The dormant root of evil? Cancer Lett 2013; 341:73-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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The role played by the microenvironment in site-specific metastasis. Cancer Lett 2013; 352:54-8. [PMID: 23988268 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells that disseminate to metastatic sites may progress to frank metastasis or persist as dormant micrometastasis. Significant progress has been made in defining the genetic and phenotypic cancer-cell-autonomous determinants of metastasis and in the understanding of the cross-talk between metastasizing tumor cells and the metastatic microenvironment. However several questions remain open, in particular the identity of microenvironmental factors that keep micrometastatic cells in a state of dormancy and those that promote survival, proliferation and progression of such cells. Significantly more information is available on the latter factors than on microenvironmental cells and molecules that restrain micrometastasis. This mini-review summarizes findings suggesting that: In view of the above, it is not unlikely that metastases residing in different microenvironments may require "individualized" treatment modalities.
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Molecular interactions in the development of brain metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:17157-67. [PMID: 23965978 PMCID: PMC3759957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140817157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are a much-feared complication of cancer. The development of brain metastases requires a malignant cell to acquire characteristics that facilitate dissemination away from the primary site, entrance into the nervous system, and establishment in the brain. This review summarizes recent work focused on the molecular derangements leading to brain metastases and outlines areas in need of greater understanding.
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Guo P, Cai B, Lei M, Liu Y, Fu BM. Differential arrest and adhesion of tumor cells and microbeads in the microvasculature. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2013; 13:537-50. [PMID: 23880911 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-013-0515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanical mechanisms behind tumor cell arrest in the microvasculature, we injected fluorescently labeled human breast carcinoma cells or similarly sized rigid beads into the systemic circulation of a rat. Their arrest patterns in the microvasculature of mesentery were recorded and quantified. We found that 93% of rigid beads were arrested either at arteriole-capillary intersections or in capillaries. Only 3% were at the capillary-postcapillary venule intersections and in postcapillary venules. In contrast, most of the flexible tumor cells were either entrapped in capillaries or arrested at capillary or postcapillary venule-postcapillary venule intersections and in postcapillary venules. Only 12% of tumor cells were arrested at the arteriole-capillary intersections. The differential arrest and adhesion of tumor cells and microbeads in the microvasculature was confirmed by a χ(2) test (p < 0.001). These results demonstrate that mechanical trapping was responsible for almost all the arrest of beads and half the arrest of tumor cells. Based on the measured geometry and blood flow velocities at the intersections, we also performed a numerical simulation using commercial software (ANSYS CFX 12.01) to depict the detailed distribution profiles of the velocity, shear rate, and vorticity at the intersections where tumor cells preferred to arrest and adhere. Simulation results reveal the presence of localized vorticity and shear rate regions at the turning points of the microvessel intersections, implying that hemodynamic factors play an important role in tumor cell arrest in the microcirculation. Our study helps elucidate long-debated issues related to the dominant factors in early-stage tumor hematogenous metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, USA
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Molina A, Velot L, Ghouinem L, Abdelkarim M, Bouchet BP, Luissint AC, Bouhlel I, Morel M, Sapharikas E, Di Tommaso A, Honoré S, Braguer D, Gruel N, Vincent-Salomon A, Delattre O, Sigal-Zafrani B, André F, Terris B, Akhmanova A, Di Benedetto M, Nahmias C, Rodrigues-Ferreira S. ATIP3, a novel prognostic marker of breast cancer patient survival, limits cancer cell migration and slows metastatic progression by regulating microtubule dynamics. Cancer Res 2013; 73:2905-15. [PMID: 23396587 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis, a fatal complication of breast cancer, does not fully benefit from available therapies. In this study, we investigated whether ATIP3, the major product of 8p22 MTUS1 gene, may be a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for metastatic breast tumors. We show that ATIP3 is a prognostic marker for overall survival among patients with breast cancer. Notably, among metastatic tumors, low ATIP3 levels associate with decreased survival of the patients. By using a well-defined experimental mouse model of cancer metastasis, we show that ATIP3 expression delays the time-course of metastatic progression and limits the number and size of metastases in vivo. In functional studies, ATIP3 silencing increases breast cancer cell migration, whereas ATIP3 expression significantly reduces cell motility and directionality. We report here that ATIP3 is a potent microtubule-stabilizing protein whose depletion increases microtubule dynamics. Our data support the notion that by decreasing microtubule dynamics, ATIP3 controls the ability of microtubule tips to reach the cell cortex during migration, a mechanism that may account for reduced cancer cell motility and metastasis. Of interest, we identify a functional ATIP3 domain that associates with microtubules and recapitulates the effects of ATIP3 on microtubule dynamics, cell proliferation, and migration. Our study is a major step toward the development of new personalized treatments against metastatic breast tumors that have lost ATIP3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie Molina
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), U1016, Institut Cochin, France
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