1
|
Kim YJ, Rho WY, Park SM, Jun BH. Optical nanomaterial-based detection of biomarkers in liquid biopsy. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:10. [PMID: 38486294 PMCID: PMC10938695 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, which is a minimally invasive procedure as an alternative to tissue biopsy, has been introduced as a new diagnostic/prognostic measure. By screening disease-related markers from the blood or other biofluids, it promises early diagnosis, timely prognostication, and effective treatment of the diseases. However, there will be a long way until its realization due to its conceptual and practical challenges. The biomarkers detected by liquid biopsy, such as circulating tumor cell (CTC) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), are extraordinarily rare and often obscured by an abundance of normal cellular components, necessitating ultra-sensitive and accurate detection methods for the advancement of liquid biopsy techniques. Optical biosensors based on nanomaterials open an important opportunity in liquid biopsy because of their enhanced sensing performance with simple and practical properties. In this review article, we summarized recent innovations in optical nanomaterials to demonstrate the sensitive detection of protein, peptide, ctDNA, miRNA, exosome, and CTCs. Each study prepares the optical nanomaterials with a tailored design to enhance the sensing performance and to meet the requirements of each biomarker. The unique optical characteristics of metallic nanoparticles (NPs), quantum dots, upconversion NPs, silica NPs, polymeric NPs, and carbon nanomaterials are exploited for sensitive detection mechanisms. These recent advances in liquid biopsy using optical nanomaterials give us an opportunity to overcome challenging issues and provide a resource for understanding the unknown characteristics of the biomarkers as well as the mechanism of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Jun Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Yeop Rho
- School of International Engineering and Science, Jeonbuk National University, Chonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Park
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.
| | - Bong-Hyun Jun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vora DS, Kalakoti Y, Sundar D. Computational Methods and Deep Learning for Elucidating Protein Interaction Networks. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2553:285-323. [PMID: 36227550 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2617-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Protein interactions play a critical role in all biological processes, but experimental identification of protein interactions is a time- and resource-intensive process. The advances in next-generation sequencing and multi-omics technologies have greatly benefited large-scale predictions of protein interactions using machine learning methods. A wide range of tools have been developed to predict protein-protein, protein-nucleic acid, and protein-drug interactions. Here, we discuss the applications, methods, and challenges faced when employing the various prediction methods. We also briefly describe ways to overcome the challenges and prospective future developments in the field of protein interaction biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhvani Sandip Vora
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Yogesh Kalakoti
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Durai Sundar
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India.
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Frixione E, Ruiz-Zamarripa L. Proteins turn "Proteans" - The over 40-year delayed paradigm shift in structural biology: From "native proteins in uniquely defined configurations" to "intrinsically disordered proteins". Biomol Concepts 2023; 14:bmc-2022-0030. [PMID: 37326425 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The current millennium brought up a revolutionary paradigm shift in molecular biology: many operative proteins, rather than being quasi-rigid polypeptide chains folded into unique configurations - as believed throughout most of the past century - are now known to be intrinsically disordered, dynamic, pleomorphic, and multifunctional structures with stochastic behaviors. Yet, part of this knowledge, including suggestions about possible mechanisms and plenty of evidence for the same, became available by the 1950s and 1960s to remain then nearly forgotten for over 40 years. Here, we review the main steps toward the classic notions about protein structures, as well as the neglected precedents of present views, discuss possible explanations for such long oblivion, and offer a sketch of the current panorama in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Frixione
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies IPN (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Ruiz-Zamarripa
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies IPN (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Madrigal JA, de Chavez MR, Mayani H. Advanced Cell Therapy: Beyond the last Frontier in the Treatment of Cancer. A Historical Perspective Emphasizing the Work of Nobel Prize Laureates. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:747-752. [PMID: 36460549 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
During the last five decades different therapies have been developed for the treatment of cancer, and as a result, patients can now live longer and better lives. Among such therapies, hematopoietic cell transplantation and immunotherapy have played key roles. In this short article, we present our particular point of view on the development of these two cellular therapies. We have focused on a historical perspective emphasizing the work of some of the Nobel Prize winners whose studies constituted cornerstones in our knowledge of the biology of cancer and in our fight against this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Alejandro Madrigal
- Royal Free Hospital, London, UK; University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Academia Nacional de Medicina, Ciudad de México, México.
| | | | - Hector Mayani
- Unidad de Investigación Oncológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Proteomics Characterization of Food-Derived Bioactive Peptides with Anti-Allergic and Anti-Inflammatory Properties. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204400. [PMID: 36297084 PMCID: PMC9609859 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides are found in foods and dietary supplements and are responsible for health benefits with applications in human and animal medicine. The health benefits include antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antithrombotic, immunomodulatory, opioid, antioxidant, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory functions. Bioactive peptides can be obtained by microbial action, mainly by the gastrointestinal microbiota from proteins present in food, originating from either vegetable or animal matter or by the action of different gastrointestinal proteases. Proteomics can play an important role in the identification of bioactive peptides. High-resolution mass spectrometry is the principal technique used to detect and identify different types of analytes present in complex mixtures, even when available at low concentrations. Moreover, proteomics may provide the characterization of epitopes to develop new food allergy vaccines and the use of immunomodulating peptides to induce oral tolerance toward offending food allergens or even to prevent allergic sensitization. In addition, food-derived bioactive peptides have been investigated for their anti-inflammatory properties to provide safer alternatives to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). All these bioactive peptides can be a potential source of novel drugs and ingredients in food and pharmaceuticals. The following review is focused on food-derived bioactive peptides with antiallergic and anti-inflammatory properties and summarizes the new insights into the use of proteomics for their identification and quantification.
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun Y, Liu J, Li Z, Wang J, Huang Y. Nonionic and Water-Soluble Poly(d/l-serine) as a Promising Biomedical Polymer for Cryopreservation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:18454-18461. [PMID: 33856763 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble, biodegradable, nonionic, and biocompatible polymers with multiple functional groups are highly desired for biomedical applications. Here, we report that water-soluble nonionic poly(d/l-serine) is chirality-controllable, biodegradation-controllable, and non-cytotoxic. Hence, it can be a highly sought-after alternative to the widely used poly(ethylene glycol), with an additional advantage of having multiple hydroxyl groups for further functionalization. As one example of its biomedical applications, poly(d/l-serine) demonstrated an obvious cryoprotective effect on the red blood cells. The usage of poly(d/l-serine) in the cryopreservation field would be of great promise to resolve the difficulties in separating cryoprotectants due to toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanbin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Humphrey S, Kerr A, Rattray M, Dive C, Miller CJ. A model of k-mer surprisal to quantify local sequence information content surrounding splice regions. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10063. [PMID: 33194378 PMCID: PMC7648452 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular sequences carry information. Analysis of sequence conservation between homologous loci is a proven approach with which to explore the information content of molecular sequences. This is often done using multiple sequence alignments to support comparisons between homologous loci. These methods therefore rely on sufficient underlying sequence similarity with which to construct a representative alignment. Here we describe a method using a formal metric of information, surprisal, to analyse biological sub-sequences without alignment constraints. We applied our model to the genomes of five different species to reveal similar patterns across a panel of eukaryotes. As the surprisal of a sub-sequence is inversely proportional to its occurrence within the genome, the optimal size of the sub-sequences was selected for each species under consideration. With the model optimized, we found a strong correlation between surprisal and CG dinucleotide usage. The utility of our model was tested by examining the sequences of genes known to undergo splicing. We demonstrate that our model can identify biological features of interest such as known donor and acceptor sites. Analysis across all annotated coding exon junctions in Homo sapiens reveals the information content of coding exons to be greater than the surrounding intron regions, a consequence of increased suppression of the CG dinucleotide in intronic space. Sequences within coding regions proximal to exon junctions exhibited novel patterns within DNA and coding mRNA that are not a function of the encoded amino acid sequence. Our findings are consistent with the presence of secondary information encoding features such as DNA and RNA binding sites, multiplexed through the coding sequence and independent of the information required to define the corresponding amino-acid sequence. We conclude that surprisal provides a complementary methodology with which to locate regions of interest in the genome, particularly in situations that lack an appropriate multiple sequence alignment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Humphrey
- CRUK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- CRUK Manchester Institute, CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair Kerr
- CRUK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- CRUK Manchester Institute, CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus Rattray
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Dive
- CRUK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- CRUK Manchester Institute, CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Crispin J. Miller
- Computational Biology Group, CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu XR, Zhang MM, Gross ML. Mass Spectrometry-Based Protein Footprinting for Higher-Order Structure Analysis: Fundamentals and Applications. Chem Rev 2020; 120:4355-4454. [PMID: 32319757 PMCID: PMC7531764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Proteins adopt different higher-order structures (HOS) to enable their unique biological functions. Understanding the complexities of protein higher-order structures and dynamics requires integrated approaches, where mass spectrometry (MS) is now positioned to play a key role. One of those approaches is protein footprinting. Although the initial demonstration of footprinting was for the HOS determination of protein/nucleic acid binding, the concept was later adapted to MS-based protein HOS analysis, through which different covalent labeling approaches "mark" the solvent accessible surface area (SASA) of proteins to reflect protein HOS. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX), where deuterium in D2O replaces hydrogen of the backbone amides, is the most common example of footprinting. Its advantage is that the footprint reflects SASA and hydrogen bonding, whereas one drawback is the labeling is reversible. Another example of footprinting is slow irreversible labeling of functional groups on amino acid side chains by targeted reagents with high specificity, probing structural changes at selected sites. A third footprinting approach is by reactions with fast, irreversible labeling species that are highly reactive and footprint broadly several amino acid residue side chains on the time scale of submilliseconds. All of these covalent labeling approaches combine to constitute a problem-solving toolbox that enables mass spectrometry as a valuable tool for HOS elucidation. As there has been a growing need for MS-based protein footprinting in both academia and industry owing to its high throughput capability, prompt availability, and high spatial resolution, we present a summary of the history, descriptions, principles, mechanisms, and applications of these covalent labeling approaches. Moreover, their applications are highlighted according to the biological questions they can answer. This review is intended as a tutorial for MS-based protein HOS elucidation and as a reference for investigators seeking a MS-based tool to address structural questions in protein science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael L. Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63130
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fry M. Ontologically simple theories do not indicate the true nature of complex biological systems: three test cases. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF THE LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 42:17. [PMID: 32346811 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-020-00310-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A longstanding philosophical premise perceives simplicity as a desirable attribute of scientific theories. One of several raised justifications for this notion is that simple theories are more likely to indicate the true makeup of natural systems. Qualitatively parsimonious hypotheses and theories keep to a minimum the number of different postulated entities within a system. Formulation of such ontologically simple working hypotheses proved to be useful in the experimental probing of narrowly defined bio systems. It is less certain, however, whether qualitatively parsimonious theories are effective indicators of the true nature of complex biological systems. This paper assesses the success of ontologically simple theories in envisaging the makeup of three complex systems in bacteriology, immunology, and molecular biology. Evidence shows that parsimonious theories completely misconstrued the actual ontologically complex constitutions of the three examined systems. Since evolution and selective pressures typically produce ontologically intricate rather than simple bio systems, qualitatively parsimonious theories are mostly inapt indicators of the true nature of complex biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fry
- Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, POB 9649, 31096, Bat Galim, Haifa, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Semenyshyn R, Hentschel M, Huck C, Vogt J, Weiher F, Giessen H, Neubrech F. Resonant Plasmonic Nanoslits Enable in Vitro Observation of Single-Monolayer Collagen-Peptide Dynamics. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1966-1972. [PMID: 31134801 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Proteins perform a variety of essential functions in living cells and thus are of critical interest for drug delivery as well as disease biomarkers. The different functions are derived from a hugely diverse set of structures, fueling interest in their conformational states. Surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy has been utilized to detect and discriminate protein monomers. As an important step forward, we are investigating collagen peptides consisting of a triple helix. While they constitute the main structural building blocks in many complex proteins, they are also a perfect model system for the complex proteins relevant in biological systems. Their complex spectroscopic information as well as the overall small size present a significant challenge for their detection and discrimination. Using resonant plasmonic nanoslits, which are known to show larger specificity compared to nanoantennas, we overcome this challenge. We perform in vitro surface-enhanced absorption spectroscopy studies and track the conformational changes of these collagen peptides under two different external stimuli, which are temperature and chemical surroundings. Modeling the coupling between the amide I vibrational modes and the plasmonic resonance, we can extract the conformational state of the collages and thus monitor the folding and unfolding dynamics of even a single monolayer. This leads to new prospects in studies of single layers of proteins and their folding behavior in minute amounts in a living environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rostyslav Semenyshyn
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, IQST, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Hentschel
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, IQST, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christian Huck
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Vogt
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Weiher
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Harald Giessen
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, IQST, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Neubrech
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Martynas Yčas: The "Archivist" of the RNA Tie Club. Genetics 2019; 211:789-795. [PMID: 30846543 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.118.301754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Between about 1951 and the early 1960s, the basic structure of molecular biology was revealed. Central to our understanding was the unraveling of the various roles of RNA, culminating in the identification of messenger RNA (mRNA) and the deciphering of the genetic code. We know a great deal about the role of Brenner, Crick, Jacob, and Nirenberg in these discoveries, but many others played important supporting parts. One of these is a little-known scientist, Martynas Yčas, who appears in histories, generally without explanation, as the "archivist of the RNA Tie Club." Yčas was born in Lithuania. His father helped write the Lithuanian Constitution in 1919. He studied Roman Law and served in the Lithuanian army before escaping from the Russians in 1940. The records of correspondence of Yčas with the physicist George Gamow and with Francis Crick throw some light on the genesis of our understanding of the role of mRNA. The story of the "RNA Tie Club" illustrates the difficulty in assigning credit for important discoveries and underscores the importance of a free exchange of information, even (or especially) among competitors.
Collapse
|
12
|
Agyei D, Tsopmo A, Udenigwe CC. Bioinformatics and peptidomics approaches to the discovery and analysis of food-derived bioactive peptides. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018. [PMID: 29516135 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0974-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
There are emerging advancements in the strategies used for the discovery and development of food-derived bioactive peptides because of their multiple food and health applications. Bioinformatics and peptidomics are two computational and analytical techniques that have the potential to speed up the development of bioactive peptides from bench to market. Structure-activity relationships observed in peptides form the basis for bioinformatics and in silico prediction of bioactive sequences encrypted in food proteins. Peptidomics, on the other hand, relies on "hyphenated" (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based) techniques for the detection, profiling, and quantitation of peptides. Together, bioinformatics and peptidomics approaches provide a low-cost and effective means of predicting, profiling, and screening bioactive protein hydrolysates and peptides from food. This article discuses the basis, strengths, and limitations of bioinformatics and peptidomics approaches currently used for the discovery and analysis of food-derived bioactive peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Agyei
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Apollinaire Tsopmo
- Food Science and Nutrition Program, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Chibuike C Udenigwe
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada. .,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
In 2004, when the protein estimate from the finished human genome was only 24,000, the surprise was compounded as reviewed estimates fell to 19,000 by 2014. However, variability in the total canonical protein counts (i.e. excluding alternative splice forms) of open reading frames (ORFs) in different annotation portals persists. This work assesses these differences and possible causes. A 16-year analysis of Ensembl and UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot shows convergence to a protein number of ~20,000. The former had shown some yo-yoing, but both have now plateaued. Nine major annotation portals, reviewed at the beginning of 2017, gave a spread of counts from 21,819 down to 18,891. The 4-way cross-reference concordance (within UniProt) between Ensembl, Swiss-Prot, Entrez Gene and the Human Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) drops to 18,690, indicating methodological differences in protein definitions and experimental existence support between sources. The Swiss-Prot and neXtProt evidence criteria include mass spectrometry peptide verification and also cross-references for antibody detection from the Human Protein Atlas. Notwithstanding, hundreds of Swiss-Prot entries are classified as non-coding biotypes by HGNC. The only inference that protein numbers might still rise comes from numerous reports of small ORF (smORF) discovery. However, while there have been recent cases of protein verifications from previous miss-annotation of non-coding RNA, very few have passed the Swiss-Prot curation and genome annotation thresholds. The post-genomic era has seen both advances in data generation and improvements in the human reference assembly. Notwithstanding, current numbers, while persistently discordant, show that the earlier yo-yoing has largely ceased. Given the importance to biology and biomedicine of defining the canonical human proteome, the task will need more collaborative inter-source curation combined with broader and deeper experimental confirmation
in vivo and
in vitro of proteins predicted
in silico. The eventual closure could be well be below ~19,000.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Southan
- IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology, Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vanga SK, Singh A, Raghavan V. Review of conventional and novel food processing methods on food allergens. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 57:2077-2094. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1045965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Kranthi Vanga
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Studies, Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Studies, Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vijaya Raghavan
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Studies, Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yau SST, Mao WG, Benson M, He RL. Distinguishing proteins from arbitrary amino acid sequences. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7972. [PMID: 25609314 PMCID: PMC4302309 DOI: 10.1038/srep07972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
What kinds of amino acid sequences could possibly be protein sequences? From all existing databases that we can find, known proteins are only a small fraction of all possible combinations of amino acids. Beginning with Sanger's first detailed determination of a protein sequence in 1952, previous studies have focused on describing the structure of existing protein sequences in order to construct the protein universe. No one, however, has developed a criteria for determining whether an arbitrary amino acid sequence can be a protein. Here we show that when the collection of arbitrary amino acid sequences is viewed in an appropriate geometric context, the protein sequences cluster together. This leads to a new computational test, described here, that has proved to be remarkably accurate at determining whether an arbitrary amino acid sequence can be a protein. Even more, if the results of this test indicate that the sequence can be a protein, and it is indeed a protein sequence, then its identity as a protein sequence is uniquely defined. We anticipate our computational test will be useful for those who are attempting to complete the job of discovering all proteins, or constructing the protein universe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S-T Yau
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wei-Guang Mao
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Max Benson
- Department of Computer Science, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - Rong Lucy He
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Formolo T, Ly M, Levy M, Kilpatrick L, Lute S, Phinney K, Marzilli L, Brorson K, Boyne M, Davis D, Schiel J. Determination of the NISTmAb Primary Structure. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2015-1201.ch001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trina Formolo
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Mellisa Ly
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Michaella Levy
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Lisa Kilpatrick
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Scott Lute
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Karen Phinney
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Lisa Marzilli
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Kurt Brorson
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Michael Boyne
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Darryl Davis
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - John Schiel
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysical Characterization, Analytical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, U.S Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Onaga LA. Ray Wu as Fifth Business: Deconstructing collective memory in the history of DNA sequencing. STUDIES IN HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF BIOLOGICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 2014; 46:1-14. [PMID: 24565976 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The concept of 'Fifth Business' is used to analyze a minority standpoint and bring serious attention to the role of scientists who play a galvanizing role in a science but for multiple reasons appear less prominently in more common recounts of any particular development. Biochemist Ray Wu (1928-2008) published a DNA sequencing experiment in March 1970 using DNA polymerase catalysis and specific nucleotide labeling, both of which are foundational to general sequencing methods today. The scant mention of Wu's work from textbooks, research articles, and other accounts of DNA sequencing calls into question how scientific collective memory forms. This alternative history seeks to understand why a key figure in nucleic acid sequence analysis has remained less visibly connected or peripheral to solidifying narratives about the history of DNA sequencing. The study resists predictable dismissals of Wu's work in order to seriously examine the formation of his nucleic acid sequence analysis research program and how he shared his knowledge of sequencing during a period of rapid advancement in the field. An analysis of Wu's work on sequencing the cohesive ends of lambda bacteriophage in the 1960s and 1970s exemplifies how a variety of individuals and groups attempted to develop protocol for sequencing the order of nucleotide base pairs comprising DNA. This historical examination of the sociality of scientific research suggests a way to understand how Wu and others contributed to the very collective memory of DNA sequencing that Wu eventually tried to repair. The study of Wu, who was a Chinese immigrant to the United States, provides a foundation for further critical scholarship on the heterogeneous histories of Asian American bioscientists, the sociality of their scientific works, and how the resulting knowledge produced is preserved, if not evenly, in a scientific field's collective memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Onaga
- History Programme, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 14 Nanyang Dr., Singapore 637332, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Braun P, Gingras AC. History of protein-protein interactions: From egg-white to complex networks. Proteomics 2012; 12:1478-98. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Braun
- Department of Plant Systems Biology; Center for Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan; Technical University Munich; Freising Germany
- Research Unit Protein Science; Helmholtz Centre Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital; Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Selwood T, Jaffe EK. Dynamic dissociating homo-oligomers and the control of protein function. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 519:131-43. [PMID: 22182754 PMCID: PMC3298769 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Homo-oligomeric protein assemblies are known to participate in dynamic association/disassociation equilibria under native conditions, thus creating an equilibrium of assembly states. Such quaternary structure equilibria may be influenced in a physiologically significant manner either by covalent modification or by the non-covalent binding of ligands. This review follows the evolution of ideas about homo-oligomeric equilibria through the 20th and into the 21st centuries and the relationship of these equilibria to allosteric regulation by the non-covalent binding of ligands. A dynamic quaternary structure equilibria is described where the dissociated state can have alternate conformations that cannot reassociate to the original multimer; the alternate conformations dictate assembly to functionally distinct alternate multimers of finite stoichiometry. The functional distinction between different assemblies provides a mechanism for allostery. The requirement for dissociation distinguishes this morpheein model of allosteric regulation from the classical MWC concerted and KNF sequential models. These models are described alongside earlier dissociating allosteric models. The identification of proteins that exist as an equilibrium of diverse native quaternary structure assemblies has the potential to define new targets for allosteric modulation with significant consequences for further understanding and/or controlling protein structure and function. Thus, a rationale for identifying proteins that may use the morpheein model of allostery is presented and a selection of proteins for which published data suggests this mechanism may be operative are listed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Selwood
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111
| | - Eileen K. Jaffe
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The creation of the "Phage group" by M. Delbrück, S. E. Luria, and A. D. Hershey in 1940 at Cold Spring Harbor played a crucial role in the development of molecular biology. In the 1940s, working with Escherichia coli and its viruses, Luria and Delbrück discovered the spontaneous nature of bacterial mutations and Hershey described recombination in bacteriophages and demonstrated with M. Chase that the genetic material that infects bacteria is DNA. At the same time, S. Benzer defined the structure of a functional genetic unit and J. Lederberg and E. Tatum discovered sexual recombination between bacteria. Some years later, Lederberg's group discovered extrachromosomal particles, the plasmids, and a novel way of genetic transfer through bacteriophages, called transduction. In 1949, at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, A. Lwoff uncovered the mechanism of lysogeny. Shortly afterwards, F. Jacob and E. Wollman unraveled the mechanism of the sexual process in E. coli and established the circularity of the bacterial chromosome. In the 1960s, J. Monod and F. Jacob, by genetic analysis of the E. coli lactose system, proposed the operon model for gene regulation and introduced the concept of messenger RNA. The elucidation of the double helix structure of DNA in 1953 by F. Crick and J. Watson had major consequences: the establishment of the copying mechanism (Meselson and Stahl), the discovery of the nature of the genetic code (S. Brenner) leading to its deciphering. E. coli and its phages were instrumental in the development of recombinant DNA technology based on the discovery of the restriction-modification system by W. Arber.
Collapse
|
21
|
On the utility of predictive chromatography to complement mass spectrometry based intact protein identification. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:2521-9. [PMID: 21901462 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The amino acid sequence determines the individual protein three-dimensional structure and its functioning in an organism. Therefore, "reading" a protein sequence and determining its changes due to mutations or post-translational modifications is one of the objectives of proteomic experiments. The commonly utilized approach is gradient high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in combination with tandem mass spectrometry. While serving as a way to simplify the protein mixture, the liquid chromatography may be an additional analytical tool providing complementary information about the protein structure. Previous attempts to develop "predictive" HPLC for large biomacromolecules were limited by empirically derived equations based purely on the adsorption mechanisms of the retention and applicable to relatively small polypeptide molecules. A mechanism of the large biomacromolecule retention in reversed-phase gradient HPLC was described recently in thermodynamics terms by the analytical model of liquid chromatography at critical conditions (BioLCCC). In this work, we applied the BioLCCC model to predict retention of the intact proteins as well as their large proteolytic peptides separated under different HPLC conditions. The specific aim of these proof-of-principle studies was to demonstrate the feasibility of using "predictive" HPLC as a complementary tool to support the analysis of identified intact proteins in top-down, middle-down, and/or targeted selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based proteomic experiments.
Collapse
|
22
|
Ghosh A, Nandy A. Graphical representation and mathematical characterization of protein sequences and applications to viral proteins. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2011; 83:1-42. [PMID: 21570664 PMCID: PMC7150266 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-381262-9.00001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Graphical representation and numerical characterization (GRANCH) of nucleotide and protein sequences is a new field that is showing a lot of promise in analysis of such sequences. While formulation and applications of GRANCH techniques for DNA/RNA sequences started just over a decade ago, analyses of protein sequences by these techniques are of more recent origin. The emphasis is still on developing the underlying technique, but significant results have been achieved in using these methods for protein phylogeny, mass spectral data of proteins and protein serum profiles in parasites, toxicoproteomics, determination of different indices for use in QSAR studies, among others. We briefly mention these in this chapter, with some details on protein phylogeny and viral diseases. In particular, we cover a systematic method developed in GRANCH to determine conserved surface exposed peptide segments in selected viral proteins that can be used for drug and vaccine targeting. The new GRANCH techniques and applications for DNAs and proteins are covered briefly to provide an overview to this nascent field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambarnil Ghosh
- Physics Department, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Goncearenco A, Berezovsky IN. Prototypes of elementary functional loops unravel evolutionary connections between protein functions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 26:i497-503. [PMID: 20823313 PMCID: PMC2935408 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Motivation: Earlier studies of protein structure revealed closed loops with a characteristic size 25–30 residues and ring-like shape as a basic universal structural element of globular proteins. Elementary functional loops (EFLs) have specific signatures and provide functional residues important for binding/activation and principal chemical transformation steps of the enzymatic reaction. The goal of this work is to show how these functional loops evolved from pre-domain peptides and to find a set of prototypes from which the EFLs of contemporary proteins originated. Results: This article describes a computational method for deriving prototypes of EFLs based on the sequences of complete genomes. The procedure comprises the iterative derivation of sequence profiles followed by their hierarchical clustering. The scoring function takes into account information content on profile positions, thus preserving the signature. The statistical significance of scores is evaluated from the empirical distribution of scores of the background model. A set of prototypes of EFLs from archaeal proteomes is derived. This set delineates evolutionary connections between major functions and illuminates how folds and functions emerged in pre-domain evolution as a combination of prototypes. Contact:Igor.Berezovsky@uni.no
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Goncearenco
- Bergen Center for Computational Science and Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bahari MH, Mahmoudi M, Azemi A, Mirsalehi MM, Khademi M. Early diagnosis of systemic lupus erythmatosus using ANN models of dsDNA binding antibody sequence data. Bioinformation 2010; 5:58-61. [PMID: 21346864 PMCID: PMC3039990 DOI: 10.6026/97320630005058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2010] [Revised: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper a new method based on artificial neural networks (ANN), is introduced for identifying pathogenic antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythmatosus (SLE). dsDNA binding antibodies have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this autoimmune disease. In order to identify these dsDNA binding antibodies, the protein sequences of 42 dsDNA binding and 608 non-dsDNA binding antibodies were extracted from Kabat database and encoded using a physicochemical property of their amino acids namely Hydrophilicity. Encoded antibodies were used as the training patterns of a general regression neural network (GRNN). Simulation results show that the accuracy of proposed method in recognizing dsDNA binding antibodies is 83.2%. We have also investigated the roles of the light and heavy chains of anti-dsDNA antibodies in binding to DNA. Simulation results concur with the published experimental findings that in binding to DNA, the heavy chain of anti-dsDNA is more important than their light chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asad Azemi
- Penn State University /Engineering Department, Delaware, USA
| | | | - Morteza Khademi
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad/Electrical Engineering Department, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
The protein universe is the set of all proteins of all organisms. Here, all currently known sequences are analyzed in terms of families that have single-domain or multidomain architectures and whether they have a known three-dimensional structure. Growth of new single-domain families is very slow: Almost all growth comes from new multidomain architectures that are combinations of domains characterized by approximately 15,000 sequence profiles. Single-domain families are mostly shared by the major groups of organisms, whereas multidomain architectures are specific and account for species diversity. There are known structures for a quarter of the single-domain families, and >70% of all sequences can be partially modeled thanks to their membership in these families.
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Kysilka C. Haemolytic factor from bull seminal vesicle fluid: chemical and biochemical properties, amino acid composition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 4:303-7. [PMID: 4648857 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1972.tb03434.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
28
|
Downs F, Pigman W. The destruction of serine and threonine during acid hydrolysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 1:181-4. [PMID: 5406405 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1969.tb01641.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
29
|
SHORE J. Mechanism of Reaction of Proteins with Reactive Dyes:III-Reactivity of Soluble Proteins with Chlorotriazine Dyes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-4408.1968.tb02791.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
Satoh K. Protein-pigments and the photosystem II reaction center: a glimpse into the history of research and reminiscences. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2008; 98:33-42. [PMID: 18780160 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-008-9348-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a glimpse into the dawning of research on chlorophyll-protein complexes and a brief recollection of the path that led us to the identification of the photosystem II reaction center, i.e., the polypeptides that carry the site of primary charge separation in oxygenic photosynthesis. A preliminary version of the personal review on the latter topic has already appeared in this journal (Satoh Photosynth Res 76:233-240, 2003).
Collapse
|
31
|
Verlander M. Industrial Applications of Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis – A Status Report. Int J Pept Res Ther 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-006-9075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
32
|
Petritis K, Kangas LJ, Yan B, Monroe ME, Strittmatter EF, Qian WJ, Adkins JN, Moore RJ, Xu Y, Lipton MS, Camp DG, Smith RD. Improved peptide elution time prediction for reversed-phase liquid chromatography-MS by incorporating peptide sequence information. Anal Chem 2006; 78:5026-39. [PMID: 16841926 PMCID: PMC1924966 DOI: 10.1021/ac060143p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe an improved artificial neural network (ANN)-based method for predicting peptide retention times in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. In addition to the peptide amino acid composition, this study investigated several other peptide descriptors to improve the predictive capability, such as peptide length, sequence, hydrophobicity and hydrophobic moment, and nearest-neighbor amino acid, as well as peptide predicted structural configurations (i.e., helix, sheet, coil). An ANN architecture that consisted of 1052 input nodes, 24 hidden nodes, and 1 output node was used to fully consider the amino acid residue sequence in each peptide. The network was trained using approximately 345,000 nonredundant peptides identified from a total of 12,059 LC-MS/MS analyses of more than 20 different organisms, and the predictive capability of the model was tested using 1303 confidently identified peptides that were not included in the training set. The model demonstrated an average elution time precision of approximately 1.5% and was able to distinguish among isomeric peptides based upon the inclusion of peptide sequence information. The prediction power represents a significant improvement over our earlier report (Petritis, K.; Kangas, L. J.; Ferguson, P. L.; Anderson, G. A.; Pasa-Tolic, L.; Lipton, M. S.; Auberry, K. J.; Strittmatter, E. F.; Shen, Y.; Zhao, R.; Smith, R. D. Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 1039-1048) and other previously reported models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Petritis
- Biological Sciences Division, Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Singer SJ. ON THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF THE REACTIVE SITES OF ANTIBODY MOLECULES. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 41:1041-5. [PMID: 16589794 PMCID: PMC528195 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.41.12.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
34
|
Eisenberg D, Marcotte E, McLachlan AD, Pellegrini M. Bioinformatic challenges for the next decade(s). Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2006; 361:525-7. [PMID: 16524841 PMCID: PMC1609334 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2005.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The science of bioinformatics has developed in the wake of methods to determine the sequences of the informational macromolecules--DNAs, RNAs and proteins. But in a wider sense, the biological world depends in its every process on the transmission of information, and hence bioinformatics is the fundamental core of biology. We here give a consideration of some of the key problems of bioinformatics in the coming decade, and perhaps longer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Eisenberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics Box 951570 UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yanofsky C. The favorable features of tryptophan synthase for proving Beadle and Tatum's one gene-one enzyme hypothesis. Genetics 2005; 169:511-6. [PMID: 15731515 PMCID: PMC1449131 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/169.2.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Yanofsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sinsheimer
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9610, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
The development of protein structural chemistry during the twentieth century is briefly reviewed. Emphasis is placed on certain major problems that have defined the field, and how they have been resolved, often as a consequence of technological advances. The ways in which incorrect hypotheses have affected the development of the field are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K E van Holde
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yanofsky C. Using studies on tryptophan metabolism to answer basic biological questions. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:10859-78. [PMID: 12556463 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.x200012200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Yanofsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
Edmundson AB. Reminiscences: joyous moments along the road from here to there and back again. J Mol Recognit 2002; 15:227-39. [PMID: 12447899 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allen B Edmundson
- The Crystallography Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City 73104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Abstract
All recent results in the fields of development and evolution point to a role of regulatory circuits as a major cause of evolutionary changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Jacob
- Institut Pasteur, Département de Biologie Moléculaire, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
The analytical ultracentrifuge has come into new intensive use following complete instrumental redesign and the use of advanced computer technologies for the analysis and interpretation of experimental results. Major attention is now devoted to the evaluation of interactions between similar and dissimilar biological macromolecules in dilute and concentrated systems. Electrostatically charged biological solute systems additionally comprise low molecular weight charged and non-charged cosolvents. Solvent/cosolvent interactions, insufficiently considered in most current analytical ultracentrifugation analyses, may quantitatively affect solute/solute interactions. For comprehensive analysis the Svedberg derivation considering a buoyant molar mass (1 - rho0 partial specific volume)M2 and valid at vanishing solute concentration for strictly two component systems only, should be replaced, following classical thermodynamic analysis, by the ratio (delta rho/delta c2)(mu)/d pi/dc2 of the density increment at constant chemical potential of diffusible cosolvents, to the derivative of the osmotic pressure with solute concentration. Disregard of the solvent/cosolvent and solute/cosolvent interactions should be avoided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Eisenberg
- Structural Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Affiliation(s)
- T H Jukes
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Oakland, California 94608, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Affiliation(s)
- J F Crow
- Genetics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
WITTER A, TUPPY H. N-(4-Dimethylamino-3,5-dinitrophenyl)maleimide: a coloured sulfhydryl reagent. Isolation and investigation of cysteine-containing peptides from human and bovine serum albumin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 45:429-42. [PMID: 13786097 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(60)91480-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
47
|
BAMANN E, HAAS JG, TRAPMANN H. [Metal ion-catalytic cleavage of the (-CO-NH-)-linkage in peptides and N-acetyl-amino acids]. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1998; 294/66:569-80. [PMID: 13686492 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19612940909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
48
|
Affiliation(s)
- O B Ptitsyn
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mewes HW, Heumann K. Genome analysis: Pattern search in biological macromolecules. COMBINATORIAL PATTERN MATCHING 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-60044-2_48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
50
|
Yanagawa H, Ogawa Y, Kojima K, Ito M. Construction of protocellular structures under simulated primitive earth conditions. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 1988; 18:179-207. [PMID: 3226717 DOI: 10.1007/bf01804670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We have developed experimental approaches for the construction of protocellular structures under simulated primitive earth conditions and studied their formation and characteristics. Three types of envelopes; protein envelopes, lipid envelopes, and lipid-protein envelopes are considered as candidates for protocellular structures. Simple protein envelopes and lipid envelopes are presumed to have originated at an early stage of chemical evolution, interaction mutually and then evolved into more complex envelopes composed of both lipids and proteins. Three kinds of protein envelopes were constructed in situ from amino acids under simulated primitive earth conditions such as a fresh water tide pool, a warm sea, and a submarine hydrothermal vent. One protein envelope was formed from a mixture of amino acid amides at 80 degrees C using multiple hydration-dehydration cycles. Marigranules, protein envelope structures, were produced from mixtures of glycine and acidic, basic and aromatic amino acids at 105 degrees C in a modified sea medium enriched with essential transition elements. Thermostable microspheres were also formed from a mixture of glycine, alanine, valine, and aspartic acid at 250 degrees C and above. The microspheres did not form at lower temperatures and consist of silicates and peptide-like polymers containing imide bonds and amino acid residues enriched in valine. Amphiphilic proteins with molecular weights of 2000 were necessary for the formation of the protein envelopes. Stable lipid envelopes were formed from different dialkyl phospholipids and fatty acids. Large, stable, lipid-protein envelopes were formed from egg lecithin and the solubilized marigranules. Polycations such as polylysine and polyhistidine, or basic proteins such as lysozyme and cytochrome c also stabilized lipid-protein envelopes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Yanagawa
- Mitsubishi-Kasei Institute of Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|