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Peres S, Roe E. Laboratory animal strain mobilities: handling with care for animal sentience and biosecurity. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF THE LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 44:30. [PMID: 35768645 PMCID: PMC9242895 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-022-00510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The global distribution of laboratory mouse strains is valued for ensuring the continuity, validity and accessibility of model organisms. Mouse strains are therefore assumed mobile and able to travel. We draw on the concept of 'animal mobilities' (Hodgetts and Lorimer 2019) to explain how attending to laboratory mice as living animal, commodity and scientific tool is shaping how they are transported through contemporary scientific infrastructures and communities. Our paper is framed around exploring how animal strains travel, rather than animals, as we show that it is only through understanding strain mobility that we can explain how and why live animal movement can be replaced by germinal products. The research is based on qualitative fieldwork in 2018 and 2019 that included 2 weeks ethnography and interviews with key informants involved in the movement of laboratory animals. The empirical analysis discusses practices that relate to managing biosecurity and animal welfare concerns when moving laboratory animal strains. In closing we reflect more broadly on the contemporary 'ethico-onto-epistemological' (Barad, 2014) entanglement that shapes who or what travels to support laboratory science data-making practices, and the intensity of care 'tinkering' practices (Mol and Law 2010) that facilitate the movement. We explain how a laboratory animal strain exceeds its value solely as a mobile and thus exchangeable commodity, illustrated in how values that relate to animal sentience and infection-risk supports its material transformation. Consequently, it is becoming increasingly common for non-sentient germinal products - embryos and gametes - to replace live sentient animals when being moved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Peres
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Emma Roe
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Levron J, Zinchenko V, Kol S, Direnfeld M, Bider D. The use of portable CO2 incubator for cross-border shipping of embryos in an international egg donation program. Gynecol Endocrinol 2014; 30:755-7. [PMID: 24948338 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.929652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two groups of egg recipients were treated, one in situ (165 patients; 195 cycles) and one after cross-border embryo transportation (340 cycles; 340 cycles) using mobile CO(2) incubator. The positive pregnancy rate per cycle was 199/340 (58.6%) and 99/195 (50.7%) in the transportation and the traveling group, respectively (NS). The clinical pregnancy rate (fetal heart beat) was 48.1 and 43.1% per embryo transfer cycle, respectively (NS) and the delivery rate was 44.1 and 35.9% per embryo transfer cycle, respectively (p = 0.01). Long distance transportation of human pre-implantation embryos using portable CO(2) incubator is safe and do not jeopardize their developmental potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Levron
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IVF Unit, ISIDA Women's Hospital , Kiev , Ukraine
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Takeo T, Fukumoto K, Kondo T, Haruguchi Y, Takeshita Y, Nakamuta Y, Tsuchiyama S, Yoshimoto H, Shimizu N, Li MW, Kinchen K, Vallelunga J, Lloyd KCK, Nakagata N. Investigations of motility and fertilization potential in thawed cryopreserved mouse sperm from cold-stored epididymides. Cryobiology 2013; 68:12-7. [PMID: 24201107 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cold transport of epididymides from genetically modified mice is an efficient alternative to the shipment of live animals between research facilities. Mouse sperm from epididymides cold-stored for short periods can maintain viability. We previously reported that cold storage of mouse epididymides in Lifor® perfusion medium prolonged sperm motility and fertilization potential and that the sperm efficiently fertilized oocytes when reduced glutathione was added to the fertilization medium. Cryopreservation usually results in decreased sperm viability; an optimized protocol for cold storage of epididymides plus sperm cryopreservation has yet to be established. Here, we examined the motility and fertilization potential of cryopreserved, thawed (frozen-thawed) sperm from previously cold-stored mouse epididymides. We also examined the protective effect of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on sperm viability when S1P was added to the preservation medium during cold storage. We assessed viability of frozen-thawed sperm from mouse epididymides that had been cold-transported domestically or internationally and investigated whether embryos fertilized in vitro with these sperm developed normally when implanted in pseudo-pregnant mice. Our results indicate that frozen-thawed sperm from epididymides cold-stored for up to 48 h maintained high fertilization potential. Fertilization potential was reduced after cold storage for 72 h, but not if S1P was included in the cold storage medium. Live pups were born normally to recipients after in vitro fertilization using frozen-thawed sperm from cold-transported epididymides. In summary, we demonstrate an improved protocol for cold-storage of epididymides that can facilitate transport of genetically engineered-mice and preserve sperm viability after cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Takeo
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Fukumoto
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kondo
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yukie Haruguchi
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yumi Takeshita
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakamuta
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shuuji Tsuchiyama
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yoshimoto
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Norihiko Shimizu
- Animal Laboratory for Medical Research, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Ming-Wen Li
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Kristy Kinchen
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Jadine Vallelunga
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - K C Kent Lloyd
- Mouse Biology Program, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
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