1
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Mao X, Liu W, Li Z, Mei S, Zong B. Preparation of a Novel Branched Polyamide 6 (PA6) via Co-Polymerization of ε-Caprolactam and α-Amino-ε-Caprolactam. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1719. [PMID: 38932069 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel branched polyamide 6 has been synthesized via the hydrolytic ring-opening co-polymerization of ε-caprolactam (CPL) and α-Amino-ε-caprolactam (ACL). The NMR characterization proves the existence of a branched chain structure. The rheological test determines that there is a remarkable increase in the melt index (MFR), zero shear rate viscosity, and storage modulus in the low-frequency region. The shear-thinning phenomenon becomes more obvious. The thermal properties tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) show that the melting point and crystallinity of co-polymers decrease with the incorporation of ACL. However, the crystal structure of the samples only exhibits a slight change. When the ACL content in the feed is 1 wt%, the tensile strength and fracture elongation rate of the co-polymers show a significant enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Mao
- Research Center of Renewable Energy, Research Institute of Petroleum Progressing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Research Center of Renewable Energy, Research Institute of Petroleum Progressing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zeyang Li
- Research Center of Renewable Energy, Research Institute of Petroleum Progressing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shan Mei
- No. 22 Research Department, Research Institute of Petroleum Progressing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baoning Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalytic Material and Reaction Engineering, Research Institute of Petroleum Progressing, SINOPEC, 18th Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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2
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Zhang Y, Wu F, Yang HY, Wang G, Ren ZH, Guan ZH. Synthesis of Cycloaliphatic Polyamides via Palladium-Catalyzed Hydroaminocarbonylative Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12883-12888. [PMID: 38709642 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Polyamides represent one class of materials that is important in modern society. Because of the numerous potential applications of polyamides in various fields, there is a high demand for new polyamide structures, which necessitates the development of new polymerization methods. Herein, we report a novel and efficient palladium-catalyzed hydroaminocarbonylative polymerization of dienes and diamines for the synthesis of cycloaliphatic polyamides. The method employs readily available starting materials, proceeds in an atom-economic manner, and creates a series of new functional polyamides in high yields and high molecular weights. In contrast with the traditional polyamides based on adipic acid, the cycloaliphatic polyamides have superior thermal resistance, higher glass-transition temperature, and better solubility in common organic solvents, thus probably featuring the merits of high-performance and good processability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hui Guan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
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3
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Tian JJ, Liu X, Ye L, Zhang Z, Quinn EC, Shi C, Broadbelt LJ, Marks TJ, Chen EYX. Redesigned Nylon 6 Variants with Enhanced Recyclability, Ductility, and Transparency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320214. [PMID: 38418405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Geminal (gem-) disubstitution in heterocyclic monomers is an effective strategy to enhance polymer chemical recyclability by lowering their ceiling temperatures. However, the effects of specific substitution patterns on the monomer's reactivity and the resulting polymer's properties are largely unexplored. Here we show that, by systematically installing gem-dimethyl groups onto ϵ-caprolactam (monomer of nylon 6) from the α to ϵ positions, both the redesigned lactam monomer's reactivity and the resulting gem-nylon 6's properties are highly sensitive to the substitution position, with the monomers ranging from non-polymerizable to polymerizable and the gem-nylon properties ranging from inferior to far superior to the parent nylon 6. Remarkably, the nylon 6 with the gem-dimethyls substituted at the γ position is amorphous and optically transparent, with a higher Tg (by 30 °C), yield stress (by 1.5 MPa), ductility (by 3×), and lower depolymerization temperature (by 60 °C) than conventional nylon 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA
| | - Liwei Ye
- Department of Chemistry and the Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
| | - Ethan C Quinn
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
| | - Changxia Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
| | - Linda J Broadbelt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
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4
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Kleybolte MM, Winnacker M. From Forest to Future: Synthesis of Sustainable High Molecular Weight Polyamides Using and Investigating the AROP of β-Pinene Lactam. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300524. [PMID: 37903330 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyamides (PA) are among the most essential and versatile polymers due to their outstanding characteristics, for example, high chemical resistance and temperature stability. Furthermore, nature-derived monomers can introduce hard-to-synthesize structures into the PAs for unique polymer properties. Pinene, as one of the most abundant terpenes in nature and its presumable stability-giving bicyclic structure, is therefore highly promising. This work presents simple anionic ring-opening polymerizations of β-pinene lactam (AROP) in-bulk and in solution. PAs with high molecular weights, suitable for further processing, are produced. Their good mechanical, thermal (Td s up to 440 °C), and transparent appearance render them promising high-performance biomaterials. In the following, the suitability of different initiators is discussed. Thereby, it is found that NaH is the most successful for in-bulk polymerization, with a degree of polymerization (DP) of about 322. For solution-AROP, iPrMgCl·LiCl is successfully used for the first time, achieving DPs up to about 163. The obtained PAs are also hot-pressed, and the dynamic mechanical properties are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Kleybolte
- Wacker-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München, 85748, Deutschland
- Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technical University Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, Garching bei München, 85748, Deutschland
| | - Malte Winnacker
- Wacker-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München, 85748, Deutschland
- Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technical University Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, Garching bei München, 85748, Deutschland
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5
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Smola-Dmochowska A, Lewicka K, Macyk A, Rychter P, Pamuła E, Dobrzyński P. Biodegradable Polymers and Polymer Composites with Antibacterial Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087473. [PMID: 37108637 PMCID: PMC10138923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest threats to global health and food security today. It becomes increasingly difficult to treat infectious disorders because antibiotics, even the newest ones, are becoming less and less effective. One of the ways taken in the Global Plan of Action announced at the World Health Assembly in May 2015 is to ensure the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. In order to do so, attempts are made to develop new antimicrobial therapeutics, including biomaterials with antibacterial activity, such as polycationic polymers, polypeptides, and polymeric systems, to provide non-antibiotic therapeutic agents, such as selected biologically active nanoparticles and chemical compounds. Another key issue is preventing food from contamination by developing antibacterial packaging materials, particularly based on degradable polymers and biocomposites. This review, in a cross-sectional way, describes the most significant research activities conducted in recent years in the field of the development of polymeric materials and polymer composites with antibacterial properties. We particularly focus on natural polymers, i.e., polysaccharides and polypeptides, which present a mechanism for combating many highly pathogenic microorganisms. We also attempt to use this knowledge to obtain synthetic polymers with similar antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Smola-Dmochowska
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Kamila Lewicka
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Alicja Macyk
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Rychter
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pamuła
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Dobrzyński
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
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6
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Catalytic Production of Functional Monomers from Lysine and Their Application in High-Valued Polymers. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine is a key raw material in the chemical industry owing to its sustainability, mature fermentation process and unique chemical structure, besides being an important nutritional supplement. Multiple commodities can be produced from lysine, which thus inspired various catalytic strategies for the production of these lysine-based chemicals and their downstream applications in functional polymer production. In this review, we present a fundamental and comprehensive study on the catalytic production process of several important lysine-based chemicals and their application in highly valued polymers. Specifically, we first focus on the synthesis process and some of the current industrial production methods of lysine-based chemicals, including ε-caprolactam, α-amino-ε-caprolactam and its derivatives, cadaverine, lysinol and pipecolic acid. Second, the applications and prospects of these lysine-based monomers in functional polymers are discussed such as derived poly (lysine), nylon-56, nylon-6 and its derivatives, which are all of growing interest in pharmaceuticals, human health, textile processes, fire control and electronic manufacturing. We finally conclude with the prospects of the development of both the design and synthesis of new lysine derivatives and the expansion of the as-synthesized lysine-based monomers in potential fields.
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7
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Sustainable Polyamides Enabled by Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization of 4-Hydroxyproline-derived Lactams. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2871-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Varghese M, Grinstaff MW. Beyond nylon 6: polyamides via ring opening polymerization of designer lactam monomers for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8258-8275. [PMID: 36047318 PMCID: PMC9856205 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00930c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactams is a highly efficient and versatile method to synthesize polyamides. Within the last ten years, significant advances in polymerization methodology and monomer diversity are ushering in a new era of polyamide chemistry. We begin with a discussion of polymerization techniques including the most widely used anionic ring opening polymerization (AROP), and less prevalent cationic ROP and enzyme-catalyzed ROP. Next, we describe new monomers being explored for ROP with increased functionality and stereochemistry. We emphasize the relationships between composition, structure, and properties, and how chemists can control composition and structure to dictate a desired property or performance. Finally, we discuss biomedical applications of the synthesized polyamides, specifically as biomaterials and pharmaceuticals, with examples to include as antimicrobial agents, cell adhesion substrates, and drug delivery scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Varghese
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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9
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Semperger OV, Osváth Z, Pásztor S, Suplicz A. The effect of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the morphology and degradation of polyamide 6 prepared by anionic ring‐opening polymerization. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Viktória Semperger
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
| | - Zsófia Osváth
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Research Centre for Natural Sciences Budapest Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Pásztor
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Research Centre for Natural Sciences Budapest Hungary
| | - András Suplicz
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
- MTA‐BME Lendület Lightweight Polymer Composites Research Group Budapest Hungary
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10
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Lian J, Chen J, Luan S, Liu W, Zong B, Tao Y, Wang X. Organocatalytic Copolymerization of Cyclic Lysine Derivative and ε-Caprolactam toward Antibacterial Nylon-6 Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:46-52. [PMID: 35574805 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Functional polymers of nylon-6, particularly those with sustained antibacterial functions, have many practical applications. However, the development of functional ε-caprolactam monomers for the subsequent ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) formation of these materials remains a challenge. Here we report a t-BuP4-mediated ROCOP of dimethyl-protected cyclic lysine with ε-caprolactam, followed by quaternization, affording antibacterial nylon-6 polymers bearing quaternary ammonium functionality with high molecular weight (up to 77.4 kDa). The antibacterial nylon-6 polymers exhibited good physical and mechanical properties and strong antimicrobial activities. At 25 mol % quaternary ammonium group incorporation, the nylon-6 polymer demonstrated complete killing of Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). The results from this study may provide a strategy for the facile preparation of antibacterial nylon-6 polymers to addressing the public health and safety challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Lian
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | | | | | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of catalytic Material and Reaction Engineering, Research Institute of Petroleum Progressing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baoning Zong
- State Key Laboratory of catalytic Material and Reaction Engineering, Research Institute of Petroleum Progressing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Youhua Tao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Ono H, Minamikawa H, Nemoto K, Yoshida M. Self-assembly and amphiphilic behavior of poly(ester)-block-poly(amide) diblock copolymer based on biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) and poly(2-pyrrolidone). Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian P. Woroch
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Andrew W. Lankenau
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matthew W. Kanan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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13
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Zhong H, Deng J. Preparation and Chiral Applications of Optically Active Polyamides. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100341. [PMID: 34347330 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chirality is omnipresent in nature and plays vital roles in living organism, and has become a hot research topic across multidisciplinary fields including chemistry, biology, physics, and material science. Meanwhile, polyamides constitute an important class of polymers and have received significant attention owing to their outstanding properties and wide-ranging applications in many areas. Judiciously introducing chirality into polyamides will undoubtedly obtain attractive chiral polymers, namely, optically active polyamides. This review describes the preparation methods of chiral polyamides, including solution polycondensation, interfacial polycondensation, ring-open polymerization, and others; the newly emerging categories of chiral polyamides, i.e., helical polyamides, chiral polyamide-imides, are also presented. The applications of optically active polyamides in chiral research fields including asymmetric catalysis, membrane separation, and enantioselective crystallization are also summarized. In addition, current challenges in chiral polyamides are further presented and future perspectives in the field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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14
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Chen J, Dong Y, Xiao C, Tao Y, Wang X. Organocatalyzed Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Lysine Derivative: Sustainable Access to Cationic Poly(ε-lysine) Mimics. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yilin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youhua Tao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Li M, Tao Y. Poly(ε-lysine) and its derivatives via ring-opening polymerization of biorenewable cyclic lysine. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01387k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Minireview focused on poly(ε-lysine) and its derivatives via ring-opening polymerization of biorenewable cyclic lysine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- People's Republic of China
| | - Youhua Tao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- People's Republic of China
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16
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Choi J, Shin T, Song K, Seo YP, Seo Y. Nonisothermal Crystallization Behaviors of Structure-Modified Polyamides (Nylon 6s). ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:29325-29332. [PMID: 33225163 PMCID: PMC7676331 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The morphological development and thermal properties of different polyamides with long-chain branches without forming a network structure were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy, and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics. The crystallization characteristics were analyzed using the nonisothermal kinetic equation proposed by Seo. Polarized optical microscopy and the Avrami exponent show the effect of the structural changes on the molecular ordering during the crystallization and early morphological development. The Avrami exponent, n, determined from the analysis of the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics, indicates a reduced heterogeneous nucleation for the modified polyamides. Structural changes (branching) of the polyamides impede crystallization, as indicated by the shift of the crystallization peaks to lower temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yongsok Seo
- . Phone: +82-2-880-9085. Fax: +82-2-885-9671
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17
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Altmann HJ, Steinmann M, Elser I, Benedikter MJ, Naumann S, Buchmeiser MR. Dual catalysis with an
N
‐heterocyclic
carbene and a Lewis acid: Thermally latent
precatalyst
for the polymerization of
ε‐caprolactam. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hagen J. Altmann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | - Mark Steinmann
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research Denkendorf Denkendorf Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | | | - Stefan Naumann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research Denkendorf Denkendorf Germany
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18
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Zard SZ. Discovery of the RAFT/MADIX Process: Mechanistic Insights and Polymer Chemistry Implications. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Z. Zard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Associé au CNRS, UMR 7652, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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19
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Post-Polymerization Heat Effect in the Production of Polyamide 6 by Bulk Quasiliving Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactam with Industrial Components: A Green Processing Technique. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8070856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bulk, solventless anionic ring-opening polymerization (AROP) of ε-caprolactam (CPL) with high yields, without side products and with short reaction times, initiated by caprolactamate-carbamoylcaprolactam initiating systems belong to green polymerization processes, leading to poly(ε-caprolactam) (Polyamide 6, PA6, Nylon 6). However, the effect of post-polymerization heat (i.e., slow, technically feasible cooling) on the fundamental characteristics of the resulting polymers such as yield and molecular weight distributions (MWDs) have not been revealed thus far. Significant post-polymerization effect was found by us in terms of both monomer conversions and MWDs by carrying out CPL polymerization with industrial components under conditions mimicking thermoplastic reaction transfer molding (T-RTM). Remarkably, higher monomer conversions and molecular weights (MWs) were obtained for Polyamide 6 samples prepared without quenching than that for the quenched polymers at the same reaction times. Independent of quenching or non-quenching, Mn of the resulting polymers as a function of conversion fell in the theoretical line of quasiliving AROP of CPL. At high monomer conversions, significant increase of the MW and broadening of the MWDs occurred, indicating pronounced chain–chain coupling. These findings have fundamental importance for designing processing conditions for in situ polymerization processes of ε-caprolactam by various techniques such as T-RTM, reaction injection molding (RIM), and other processing methods of Polyamide 6.
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20
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Nistanaki SK, Nelson HM. Dewar Heterocycles as Versatile Monomers for Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:731-735. [PMID: 34306822 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We report the utility of readily available heterocycles as precursors to unique ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) monomers. Photochemical valence isomerization reactions of pyridones, dihydropyridines, and pyrones dearomatize the parent heterocycles to their highly strained Dewar isomers, which readily engage in controlled ROMP reactions using Grubbs catalysts. This strategy is used to access polymer backbones that contain strained β-lactam and azetidine cores, which can be further derivatized using post-polymerization chemistries. We demonstrate this through the synthesis of water-soluble β-amino acid polymers that have potential applications as biomedical materials, along with the synthesis of highly-soluble poly(acetylene) derivatives, which have potential applications as organic conductive materials derived from bio-feedstock chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepand K Nistanaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hosea M Nelson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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21
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Zhou M, Xiao X, Cong Z, Wu Y, Zhang W, Ma P, Chen S, Zhang H, Zhang D, Zhang D, Luan X, Mai Y, Liu R. Water‐Insensitive Synthesis of Poly‐β‐Peptides with Defined Architecture. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zihao Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xiangfeng Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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22
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Zhou M, Xiao X, Cong Z, Wu Y, Zhang W, Ma P, Chen S, Zhang H, Zhang D, Zhang D, Luan X, Mai Y, Liu R. Water‐Insensitive Synthesis of Poly‐β‐Peptides with Defined Architecture. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7240-7244. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zihao Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xiangfeng Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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23
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Structure architecture and morphology changes study in nylon 6/12 copolymers through anionic copolymerization via Response Surface Methodology modeling. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Bovine serum albumin-imprinted magnetic poly(2-pyrrolidone) microparticles for protein recognition. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Wu Y, Xia G, Zhang W, Chen K, Bi Y, Liu S, Zhang W, Liu R. Structural design and antimicrobial properties of polypeptides and saccharide–polypeptide conjugates. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:9173-9196. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01916j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development and progress of antimicrobial polypeptides and saccharide–polypeptide conjugates in regards to their structural design, biological functions and antimicrobial mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Guixue Xia
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Kang Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Yufang Bi
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
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26
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Smolobochkin AV, Gazizov AS, Burilov AR, Pudovik MA, Sinyashin OG. Ring opening reactions of nitrogen heterocycles. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Oh K, Kim H, Seo Y. Effect of Diamine Addition on Structural Features and Physical Properties of Polyamide 6 Synthesized by Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactam. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17117-17124. [PMID: 31656884 PMCID: PMC6811858 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of ε-caprolactam in a twin screw extruder by anionic ring-opening polymerization was successfully carried out to prepare a novel nylon 6 (polyamide 6 (PA6)) containing a small amount of diamine moiety. The produced PA6 shows a remarkable improvement of the physical properties (mechanical properties as well as rheological properties). Added diamine molecules led to some structural changes in the synthesized PA6. The molar ratio of the additive (diamine) to the initiator appeared to be optimum at ca. 0.1. Although the molar mass of the PA6 has not changed significantly, less than twice the PA6 molar mass, the physical properties of the polymers produced have been markedly improved. The zero shear rate viscosity of the PA6 at the optimum diamine concentration appeared to be increased by almost 30 times that of the pure PA6. We have attributed this remarkable increase in viscosity to structural changes (branching formation during synthesis) and increased molar mass. The storage modulus at a low shear rate increased more than 100 times that of the pure PA6, but the loss modulus increased only 10-fold. This indicates that the elastic properties dominated due to the enhanced chain entanglements. In addition, the mechanical properties were significantly improved at the optimal amount of diamine reagent concentration. The elongation at break for the sample with optimum diamine addition was increased to twice that of neat PA6, whereby the tensile toughness was also doubled. Produced PA6 has a merit of processibility in the extrusion process such as a blow molding process in which stability against sagging under gravity is required and other processes in which elongational properties dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yongsok Seo
- E-mail: . Tel.: +82-2-880-9085. Fax: +82-2-885-9671
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28
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Rheological and mechanical properties of a novel polyamide 6 synthesized by anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactam in a twin-screw extruder. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Mohammadi M, Ahmadi S, Ghasemi I, Rahnama M. Anionic copolymerization of nylon 6/12: A comprehensive review. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohammadi
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute P.O. Box: 14965/115 Tehran Iran
| | - Shervin Ahmadi
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute P.O. Box: 14965/115 Tehran Iran
| | - Ismail Ghasemi
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute P.O. Box: 14965/115 Tehran Iran
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30
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Bhattacharjee J, Harinath A, Sarkar A, Panda TK. Polymerization of ϵ‐Caprolactam to Nylon‐6 Catalyzed by Barium σ‐Borane Complex under Mild Condition. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayeeta Bhattacharjee
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi- 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana India
| | - Adimulam Harinath
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi- 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana India
| | - Alok Sarkar
- Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd. Survey No. 09 Hosur Road, Electronic City (West) Bangalore- 560100 India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi- 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana India
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31
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Jung S, Kang S, Kuwabara J, Yoon HJ. Aziridine-based polyaddition, post-modification, and crosslinking: can aziridine rival epoxide in polymer chemistry? Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00979e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Aziridine may help to solve the problems encountered in epoxide-based polymer technologies. This review focuses on recent achievements in aziridine-based polyaddition, post-modification, and cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seoul
- Korea
| | - Seohyun Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seoul
- Korea
| | - Junpei Kuwabara
- Institute of Materials Science
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS)
- University of Tsukuba
- Tsukuba 305-8573
| | - Hyo Jae Yoon
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seoul
- Korea
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32
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Sathyan A, Hayward RC, Emrick T. Ring-Opening Polymerization of Allyl-Functionalized Lactams. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashlin Sathyan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ryan C. Hayward
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Todd Emrick
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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33
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Wolf T, Wurm FR. Organocatalytic Ring-opening Polymerization Towards Poly(cyclopropane)s, Poly(lactame)s, Poly(aziridine)s, Poly(siloxane)s, Poly(carbosiloxane)s, Poly(phosphate)s, Poly(phosphonate)s, Poly(thiolactone)s, Poly(thionolactone)s and Poly(thiirane)s. ORGANIC CATALYSIS FOR POLYMERISATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788015738-00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The following chapter is a collection of monomers that undergo organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerizations and have not been covered in a separate chapter of this book. This includes polymers widely used in industrial applications, but also solely academically relevant and more “exotic” polymer classes. As most of these polymers contain heteroatoms in their backbone, the chapter is divided according to the respective heteroatoms. Each sub-section first gives a short introduction to the respective polymer or monomer properties and industrial applications (if available), followed by a brief summary of the traditional synthetic pathways. Afterwards, important milestones for the organocatalytic ROP are presented in chronological order. Special emphasis is put on the advantages and disadvantages of organocatalysis over traditional (ROP) methods on the basis of appropriate literature examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wolf
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
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34
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He W, Tao Y, Wang X. Functional Polyamides: A Sustainable Access via Lysine Cyclization and Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing He
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials and, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of
Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Youhua Tao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials and, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of
Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xianhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials and, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of
Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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35
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Dencheva N, Braz J, Nunes TG, Oliveira FD, Denchev Z. One-pot low temperature synthesis and characterization of hybrid poly(2-pyrrolidone) microparticles suitable for protein immobilization. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Synthesis of polyamide 6 with aramid units by combination of anionic ring-opening and condensation reactions. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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37
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Synthesis and characterization of poly (ε-caprolactam-co-lactide) polyesteramides using Brønsted acid or Brønsted base organocatalyst. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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38
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MacDonald MJ, Cornejo NR, Gellman SH. Inhibition of Ice Recrystallization by Nylon-3 Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:695-699. [PMID: 35650872 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nontoxic cryoprotectants are needed for storage of tissues and food preservation. Frozen tissue is particularly susceptible to damage caused by formation of large ice crystals during the thawing process. The current practice of using 5 wt % DMSO for cryopreservation does not produce 100% cell viability post-thaw, at least in part because of DMSO toxicity that is manifested during the freezing and thawing stages of the process. Recently, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) has shown promise in inhibiting ice recrystallization, an activity that is critical for cryoprotection. Inspired by this discovery, we have evaluated nylon-3 polymers for ice recrystallization inhibition activity and for toxicity toward mammalian cells. A survey of homo- and heteropolymers, with side chains bearing variable functionality, has identified new nylon-3 materials that display excellent ice recrystallization inhibition activity and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J. MacDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Natasha R. Cornejo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Samuel H. Gellman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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39
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Ishido Y, Kanbayashi N, Okamura TA, Onitsuka K. Synthesis of Nonnatural Helical Polypeptide via Asymmetric Polymerization and Reductive Cleavage of N–O Bond. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ishido
- Department of Macromolecular
Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Naoya Kanbayashi
- Department of Macromolecular
Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Taka-aki Okamura
- Department of Macromolecular
Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Onitsuka
- Department of Macromolecular
Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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40
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Gregory GL, López-Vidal EM, Buchard A. Polymers from sugars: cyclic monomer synthesis, ring-opening polymerisation, material properties and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2198-2217. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09578j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This feature article gives an overview of sugar-based polymers that can be made by ring-opening-polymerisation and their applications.
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41
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Bakkali-Hassani C, Tunc D, Roos K, Planes M, Lecomte P, Carlotti S. Simultaneous Anionic Ring-Opening and Condensation Reactions for the Synthesis of Aliphatic–N-Alkyl Aromatic Copolyamides. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Bakkali-Hassani
- Bordeaux
INP, Univ. of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, UMR 5629, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Deniz Tunc
- Bordeaux
INP, Univ. of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, UMR 5629, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac cedex, France
- Center
for Education and Research on Macromolecules, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Kevin Roos
- Bordeaux
INP, Univ. of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, UMR 5629, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Mikaël Planes
- Bordeaux
INP, Univ. of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, UMR 5629, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Philippe Lecomte
- Center
for Education and Research on Macromolecules, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Stephane Carlotti
- Bordeaux
INP, Univ. of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, UMR 5629, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac cedex, France
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42
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Torres GM, De La Higuera Macias M, Quesnel JS, Williams OP, Yempally V, Bengali AA, Arndtsen BA. Palladium-Catalyzed, Multicomponent Approach to β-Lactams via Aryl Halide Carbonylation. J Org Chem 2016; 81:12106-12115. [PMID: 27978726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo M. Torres
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | | | - Jeffrey S. Quesnel
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Oliver P. Williams
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Veeranna Yempally
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Bruce A. Arndtsen
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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Mohammadnezhad G, Dinari M, Nabiyan A. High Surface Area Nano-Boehmite as Effective Nano-Filler for Preparation of Boehmite-Polyamide-6 Nanocomposites. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Dinari
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
| | - Afshin Nabiyan
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
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Ke D, Espinosa NÁ, Mallet-Ladeira S, Monot J, Martin-Vaca B, Bourissou D. Efficient Synthesis of Unsaturatedδ-and ε-Lactones/Lactams by Catalytic Cycloisomerization: When Pt Outperforms Pd. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sanchez-Sanchez A, Basterretxea A, Mantione D, Etxeberria A, Elizetxea C, de la Calle A, García-Arrieta S, Sardon H, Mecerreyes D. Organic-acid mediated bulk polymerization of ε-caprolactam and its copolymerization with ε-caprolactone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sanchez-Sanchez
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center; Avda. Tolosa 72 Donostia San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Andere Basterretxea
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center; Avda. Tolosa 72 Donostia San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Daniele Mantione
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center; Avda. Tolosa 72 Donostia San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Agustin Etxeberria
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center; Avda. Tolosa 72 Donostia San Sebastian 20018 Spain
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology; Institute of Polymer Materials, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU; M. De Lardizabal 3 Donostia San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Cristina Elizetxea
- TECNALIA, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián; Mikeletegi Pasealekua 2 Donostia San Sebastián E-20009 Spain
| | - Amaia de la Calle
- TECNALIA, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián; Mikeletegi Pasealekua 2 Donostia San Sebastián E-20009 Spain
| | - Sonia García-Arrieta
- TECNALIA, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián; Mikeletegi Pasealekua 2 Donostia San Sebastián E-20009 Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center; Avda. Tolosa 72 Donostia San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center; Avda. Tolosa 72 Donostia San Sebastian 20018 Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science; Ikerbasque; Bilbao E-48011 Spain
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Roos K, Planes M, Bakkali-Hassani C, Mehats J, Vax A, Carlotti S. Solvent-Free Anionic Polymerization of Acrylamide: A Mechanistic Study for the Rapid and Controlled Synthesis of Polyamide-3. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Roos
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mikael Planes
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Camille Bakkali-Hassani
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jérémy Mehats
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Amelie Vax
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Stephane Carlotti
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
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Zhu N, Gong H, Han W, Zeng WB, Wang HX, Fang Z, Li X, Zhang K, Li ZJ, Guo K. Synthesis and characterization of star-branched polyamide 6 via anionic ring-opening polymerization with N , N′ , N″ -trimesoyltricaprolactam as a multifunctional activator. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Synthesis of aliphatic polyamide bearing fluorinated groups from ε-caprolactam and modified cyclic lysine. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rydz J, Sikorska W, Kyulavska M, Christova D. Polyester-based (bio)degradable polymers as environmentally friendly materials for sustainable development. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 16:564-96. [PMID: 25551604 PMCID: PMC4307263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16010564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the polyesters such as polylactide and polyhydroxyalkonoates, as well as polyamides produced from renewable resources, which are currently among the most promising (bio)degradable polymers. Synthetic pathways, favourable properties and utilisation (most important applications) of these attractive polymer families are outlined. Environmental impact and in particular (bio)degradation of aliphatic polyesters, polyamides and related copolymer structures are described in view of the potential applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Rydz
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Polymers, Acad. Georgi Bonchev St., Bl. 103A, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Wanda Sikorska
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska St., Zabrze 41-800, Poland.
| | - Mariya Kyulavska
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Polymers, Acad. Georgi Bonchev St., Bl. 103A, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Darinka Christova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Polymers, Acad. Georgi Bonchev St., Bl. 103A, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
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